Independent work on the chapter: Artistic culture of primitive society and ancient civilizations." Ready-made crossword puzzle on world artistic culture (WAC) - on the topic "Artistic culture of Mesoamerica" Artistic culture of Mesoamerica test
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Artistic Culture of Mesoamerica Grade 10
Pre-Columbian America (before 1492)
Territory of Central and South America Cultural civilizations emerged: Olmec Aztec Maya Incas
The oldest civilization of pre-Columbian America was the Olmec culture. They lived on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico in the 2nd-1st millennium BC. The Olmecs had planned cultural centers and step pyramids, stone sculpture, objects of decorative and applied art, hieroglyphic writing, and a ritual calendar.
Architecture The architecture is poorly preserved. A huge stone head up to 3m high and weighing up to 40t gained worldwide fame. Its purpose is not known, probably cultic in nature.
New civilization The city of Teotihuacan in Central America. Two main temples dedicated to the Sun and Moon have been preserved. S. 54 ab.2
Artistic culture of the Aztecs In the 11th century, conquerors came from the north - the Aztecs, who created their own civilization. The main feature of the art of the Aztec hunting tribes was the worship of the gods.
The main place of worship of the gods were temples. The capital of the Aztecs, Tenochtitlan, or Mexico City, now the capital of Mexico, was striking in its magnificence. The city center was on an island in the middle of the lake.
Aztec sculpture Monumental statues of deities were abstract and conventional in nature. The statue of Coatlicue is the goddess of the earth and spring fertility. It is made from corn cobs, jaguar claws and fangs, human skulls and palms, feathers, snakes, eagle paws, etc.
Reading. P. 56 ab 1 below, p. 57 Funeral mask Jewelry
Mayan artistic culture The Mayan tribe invented an accurate solar calendar, determined the length of the year, used the concept of zero, predicted solar and lunar eclipses, and invented hieroglyphic writing.
Architecture. Difference. (p. 58 ab.1) Egyptian pyramids Temple of Aztec Inscriptions
Stadiums are structures with grounds for the iconic ball game. Rules of the game p. 59 ab.1 from below
Artistic culture of the Incas. The Inca Empire is an Indian people living since the 11th century. In the territory of modern Peru. There are legends about the emergence of the Inca Empire (p.61 ab.2)
Sculpture. Relief on the Gate of the Sun at Tiahuanaco
Homework: The art of primitive man The artistic culture of Western Asia The architecture of Ancient Egypt The artistic culture of Mesoamerica. REPEAT FOR CHECK WORK
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Independent work on the chapter
"The artistic culture of primitive society
and ancient civilizations."
1. List the periods of the main stages in the development of primitive culture.
2.What is syncretism?
3.What is a totem?
A) sacred animal
B) rock painting
B) sculpture
4 .Cromlech is...
A) vertical stone blocks covered with a wide slab
B) a stone slab or pillar forming a circle
C) an oblong stone pillar or slabs of different heights
5.What is a dolmen?
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6.What is a ziggurat?
7.List the eras of development of the culture of ancient Egypt.
8. List the cultural and scientific achievements of ancient Egypt
9.Which pyramid was considered the tallest before the construction of the Eiffel Tower?
A) Cheops
B) Khafre
B) Mykerina
10.Arrange the main parts of the temple complex in the required order:
11.What is canon?
12. List the main canons in the depiction of sculpture in Ancient Egypt.
13.What is the Amarna period famous for?
14.What was the name of Akhenaten’s wife?
A) Cleopatra
B) Nefertiti
B) Hatshepsut
15. Compare the main achievements of the peoples of Mesoamerica:
Lesson summary on MHC.
Topic: “Test work”
Objectives: to test the acquired knowledge on the topics Artistic culture of Ancient Egypt and Mesoamerica.
Lesson progress:
Teacher: Hello, guys! We have studied the culture of Ancient Egypt and Mesoamerica, and in today’s lesson, in the form of a game, we will check how you have mastered these topics. To begin, you should divide into three teams and come up with a name for your teams. On a piece of paper, write down the name and surnames of the team members. (Students divide into teams and come up with a name)
So, on the screen you see topics that you can choose, each block contains subtopics, and each question will be scored in points, how many points you want to earn, you choose yourself, as well as the topics of the questions. We answer one by one, all points will be taken into account by our judge. For each incorrect answer, a point will be deducted from the team.
Let's take a look at the topics: (slide2) Here are three topics to choose from:
Architecture of Ancient Egypt
Artistic culture of Mesoamerica
Each of these topics has subtopics, let's take a look at them.
Architecture of Ancient Egypt
PYRAMIDS - "Dwelling of Eternity"
Rock temples and tombs
Names and definitions.
And you can choose the difficulty of the question yourself, 5 points are difficult questions, 4 are easier questions and 3 are the simplest questions, but remember that every wrong question will take 1 point from you. If you run out of questions for a block, you cannot select it.
So let's begin.
Questions:
ARCHITECTURE OF ANCIENT EGYPT.
Pyramids - “dwellings of eternity”
Questions worth 5 points.
This pyramid reaches 66m. in height, it is surrounded by even smaller satellite pyramids. What kind of pyramid is this? (Pyramid of Mikerin)
Name the only pyramid that has preserved its polished cladding. (Pyramid of Khafre)
How many meters tall is the Cheops pyramid today? (137m.)
How many pyramids are there in total in Egypt? (their number exceeds 90)
(slide 11)What is shown on the screen? (Pyramid of Khafre)
Questions worth 4 points.
What are the most famous pyramids in Giza? (Cheops, Khafre, Mikerin)
What is the purpose of the pyramids in Ancient Egypt? (to hide the body of the deceased king, to rid him of decay)
(slide 10) what is shown on the screen? (Pyramid of Mikerin)
Who is buried near the Cheops pyramid? (his descendants, son and grandson)
Questions worth 3 points.
The largest of the three pyramids at Giza? (Pyramid of Cheops)
(slide 5)What is shown on the screen? (sphinx - located in the pyramid complex at Giza)
(slide 9) what is shown on the screen? (sarcophagus - burial place of a mummified pharaoh)
Rock temples and tombs
5 point question .
How are the two temples in honor of Amun-Ra in Karnak and Luxor connected? (Dear, guarded by sphinxes)
What are the characteristic features of Queen Hatshepsut's temple? (The temple is carved into the rock, consists of three wide terraces, successively rising one above the other and connected by gentle ramps)
(slide 8) what is shown on the screen? (statues of the god Horus)
(slide 6) what is shown on the screen? (Temple of Amon-Ra at Karnak)
Questions worth 4 points.
The construction of this grandiose ensemble took place over several centuries. A characteristic feature was the design of the entrance to the temple: these are two massive towers - pylons. This is the largest pillared temple in the world. What temple are we talking about? (Temple of Amun-Ra at Karnak)
The main decoration of this temple was the 260m long colonnade. in length. The entrance to this temple is decorated with a monumental pylon decorated with bas-reliefs. (Temple of Amun-Ra in Luxor)
The temple is carved into the rock, consists of three wide terraces, successively rising one above the other and connected to each other by gentle ramps (Temple of Queen Hatshepsut)
What guards the entrance to the Temple of the god Horus in Edfu? (Statues of the god Horus)
Questions worth 3 points.
What are the pylons of the Temple of Amun-Ra in Luxor decorated with? (bas-reliefs)
Describe what the Sphinx is? (human head, lion body)
Name the inventions of the Ancient Egyptians. (papyrus, days are divided into 24 hours)
(slide 7) what is shown on the screen? (temple of Queen Hatshepsut)
Names and definitions.
Questions worth 5 points.
Name the architects of the pyramids whose names we know. (architect of the pyramid of Cheops-Hemiun, architect of the pyramid of Djoser - Imhotep)
List the eras that distinguish the development of the artistic culture of Ancient Egypt. (Archaic period- up toXXVIIcenturies,Ancient kingdom- sir.XXVIIV. BC-2155 BC,Middle Kingdom- 2040 - 1785 BC,New kingdom- 1552 - 1070 BC,Later kingdom- 1070-332 BC,Hellenistic period- 332 - 32 BC)
What is ushabti? (figurines of servants who were supposed to serve the pharaoh in the afterlife)
Questions worth 4 points.
What is sacredness? (Sacred)
What is a bas-relief? (this is a low relief in which the convex image protrudes above the background plane by less than half the volume)
Name the most revered god of the Ancient Egyptians, in whose honor the most remarkable architectural complexes were built. (god Amon - Ra)
Question worth 3 points.
What are pylons? (Gate, in the form of a trapezoid with a narrow entrance in the middle)
What is a column? (A vertical support that looks like a cylindrical or polygonal pillar)
What is a capital? (The upper part of the column, serving directly as a transition to the coating)
Visual arts and music of Ancient Egypt
Sculptural monuments
Questions worth 5 points.
How did the Ancient Egyptians depict a person on a plane? (legs turned in profile, shoulders - full face, torso - three quarters)
What was the material for the statues? (Wood of various species or stone)
What is the feature of the sculpture of the scribe Kaya that gives him such life? (the eyes are inlaid with rock crystal, black stone.)
Describe how the Ancient Egyptians painted statues? (male figures are dark brown, female figures are yellow)
Questions worth 4 points
(slide 12) what is shown on the screen? (Royal dignitary Kaaper)
(slide 13) what is shown on the screen? (sculptural portrait of the scribe Kaya)
(slide 14) what is shown on the screen? (Prince Rahotep and his wife Nofret)
Name the canons that the Ancient Egyptians followed in the invention of sculptures. (hair is always black, clothes are white, men’s clothing is a loincloth, women’s is a long, tight-fitting dress with wide straps.)
Questions worth 3 points
What is canon? (set of rules)
(slide 15) what is shown on the screen? (golden mask of Tutankhamun)
(slide 16) what is shown on the screen? (Portrait of the Pharaoh's wife Queen Nefertiti)
Reliefs and frescoes, music and poetry.
Questions worth 5 points.
what is a register? (Horizontal belt of temple walls)
What role did music play in the life of society? (not a single theatrical performance was complete without music, in honor of the most revered gods)
What did the ancient Egyptians depict on reliefs and frescoes? (scenes of the afterlife, scenes of everyday life of the Egyptians)
Questions worth 4 points.
What musical instruments were widespread among the ancient Egyptians? (flutes, sistrums, drums)
What were reliefs and frescoes used for? (with their help, the internal and external walls of mortuary churches were decorated.)
name the main canon according to which reliefs and frescoes were made (proportionality)
Questions worth 3 points.
what are mysteries? (theatrical performance in honor of the most revered gods.)
What musical instrument took pride of place among the ancient Egyptians? (harp)
what colors predominated in reliefs and frescoes? (yellow, brown, green and blue)
Artistic culture of Mesoamerica.
Olmec culture
Questions worth 5 points.
What century did the Olmecs live in? (in the 2nd-1st millennium BC)
Where did the Olmecs live? (Gulf Coast)
How much does the Olmec head sculpture weigh, and what material is it made of? (up to 40t., 3m high, made of stone)
Questions worth 4 points.
What was used as a building material? (earth, crushed stone)
What temples have survived in the city of Teotihucan? (Temple of the Sun and Temple of the Moon)
The grandiose structure, which has a height of 64.6 m, consists of four large, decreasing truncated pyramids, placed one on top of the other (Pyramid of the Sun)
Questions worth 3 points.
What was America called before 1492? Why? (Pre-Columbian America)
What replaced the Olmec culture? (Teotihucan city)
Name an Olmec sculpture that gained worldwide fame? (stone head of a young man)
(slide 18) what is shown on the screen? (stone head of a young man)
Artistic culture of the Aztecs and Incas.
Questions worth 5 points.
In what century did the Aztec tribe exist? (11th century)
Name the capital of the Aztecs (Tenochtitlan)
Name one of the most outstanding structures of the Inca period (Temple of the Sun)\
On the front side of the huge monolithic block there is a relief carved with the image of the supreme deity. On either side of him are three rows of minor deities facing him. What is this? (relief on the Gate of the Sun in Tiahuanaco)
Questions worth 4 points.
(slide 20) what is shown on the screen? (relief on the Gate of the Sun in Tiahuanaco)
What is the modern territory where the Incas lived? (territory of modern Peru)
What is the modern territory where the Aztecs lived? (Mexico City)
(slide 22) what is shown on the screen? (Aztec jewelry)
Questions worth 3 points.
This statue only vaguely resembles a human figure; it has no arms, no legs, no face, no head. What kind of statue is this? (Coatlicue statue)
(slide 21) what is shown on the screen? (Aztec funerary mask)
Is this Coatlicue? (goddess of earth and spring fertility)
What is the Coatlicue statue made of? (corn cobs, claws, jaguar fangs, human skulls, feathers)
(slide 19) what is shown on the screen? (Coatlicue statue)
Mayan artistic culture .
Questions worth 5 points.
In what century did the Mayan tribes flourish? (7th century)
On the Yucatan Peninsula. The 25 buildings, scattered across a rolling plain covered with dense tropical forest, communicate with each other through narrow corridors and staircases. What kind of building are we talking about? (Palace complex in Palenque)
The structure is a 9-step pyramid, rising above the ground to a height of about 24 m. On its upper platform, a temple was erected, to which a staircase of 69 steps leads. What are we talking about? (Temple of the Inscriptions in Palenque)
How were Mayan rulers most often portrayed? (in war scenes or sitting on a throne)
Questions worth 4 points.
What are the inventions of the Mayan tribes? (accurate solar calendar, invented hieroglyphic writing, used the concept of zero, predicted solar and lunar eclipses)
How do the pyramids of Mesoamerica differ from the pyramids of Ancient Egypt? (The pyramids of Mesoamerica had a stepped shape, and at the top there was a temple, with a staircase leading from the foot to the door.)
The structure consists of two inclined massive walls running parallel to each other. There was a platform between them. What is this? (ball stadium)
Questions worth 3 points.
(slide 23) what is shown on the screen? (ball court)
Tell us the rules of the Mayan ball game? (participants were not allowed to touch the ball with their hands and feet, they could only play with their shoulders, sides or elbows, the first one to throw the ball into the hole won)
Summing up.
Well done, you did a good job. And now our judge will sum up the results. The team with the most points gets 5 for the lesson, all the rest get 4. Thanks for the lesson, goodbye!
Horizontal
2. Spanish navigator, who in 1492 discovered America for Europeans, thanks to the equipment of expeditions by the Catholic kings
4. Indian people in central Mexico. His civilization (XIV-XVI centuries) had a rich mythology and cultural heritage
7. Archaeological complex located on the Altiplano high plateau, 20 km southeast of Lake Titicaca
8. In Aztec mythology, the goddess of earth and fire
10. Aztec city-state, located on the site of modern Mexico City
11. Specialized scientific facility or institution used for observing terrestrial or astronomical phenomena
12. An abandoned city located 50 kilometers northeast of Mexico City in the municipality of San Juan Teotihuacan
14. French anthropologist, traveler and writer. Known for his discovery of Mayan archaeological sites on the Quintana Roo Peninsula at the age of 21
16. During the period of the late 15th - 16th centuries, the Spanish or Portuguese conqueror of the territories of the New World during the era of colonization of America, participant in the conquest - the conquest of America
18. The image of this luminary in the form of a golden disk with a human face was the subject of the official cult of the Incas
20. Construction for sports purposes
21. A set of rituals accompanying a religious act, or a custom-developed or established procedure for doing something
22. The name of the tribe mentioned in the Aztec historical chronicles. The creators of the first "major" civilization in Mexico, which was the heir to cultures that successively developed in Soconusco (in the southwest of the Mexican state of Chiapas)
Vertical
1. A place of worship intended for worship and religious rites
3. Main Temple of the Sun - Golden
5. An Indian tribe that lived in Peru and created a vast empire centered in Cusco, in the Peruvian Andes, shortly before the Spanish conquest
6. A small sculpture made of wood, bone, clay, stone, metal and other materials, depicting anthropomorphic images, animal figures
9. Historical and cultural region extending approximately from the center of Mexico to Honduras and Nicaragua. The term was coined in 1943 by the German philosopher and anthropologist Paul Kirchhoff
13. This country is home to the largest building in the city of Teotihuacan - the Pyramid of the Sun - and one of the largest in Mesoamerica
14. Regular relationship between the sizes of parts of a work of art, as well as each part with the work as a whole
15. In this city there is a Palace complex, the main decorations of which are the palace and the step pyramid of the Inscriptions
17. The name of a written sign in some writing systems. They can mean both individual sounds and syllables (elements of alphabetic and syllabic writing), and morphemes, whole words and concepts (ideograms)
19. Mesoamerican civilization, known for its writing, art, architecture, mathematical and astronomical systems
