Support for entrepreneurs in the form of subsidies. What small business support programs are there?

March 30, 2019 , Aircraft industry On budget investments in the aircraft industry Resolution of March 27, 2019 No. 326. PJSC United Aircraft Corporation is provided with budget investments in the amount of 2.22 billion rubles for capital investments in production infrastructure and after-sales service for Il-114-300 aircraft. The commissioning date for the facilities is 2021.

March 30, 2019, Territories of rapid socio-economic development in the Far Eastern Federal District The boundaries of the Petrochemical ASEZ in the Primorsky Territory have been expanded Resolution of March 27, 2019 No. 328. To implement an investment project in the production of mineral fertilizers, 73 land plots were added to the boundaries of the Petrochemical ASEZ.

March 28, 2019, On the creation of the innovative scientific and technological center of Moscow State University "Sparrow Hills" Resolution of March 28, 2019 No. 332. The center is being created in order to implement the priorities of scientific and technological development of Russia and increase the investment attractiveness of the research and development sector.

March 28, 2019, Power engineering Decisions were made to create high-power gas turbine production in Russia Resolution of March 21, 2019 No. 301. The decisions made will make it possible to create a line of high-power gas turbines for enterprises in the fuel and energy complex, ensure the competitiveness of Russian gas turbine units in the domestic and world markets, and ensure the country’s technological sovereignty in the field of gas turbine technologies.

March 28, 2019, Methodology and tools of state planning Changes have been made to the Rules for the formation and implementation of the Federal Targeted Investment Program Resolution of March 26, 2019 No. 316. The process of approval of changes made to the FAIP with the Russian Ministry of Finance is simplified.

March 28, 2019, Housing policy, housing market About the unified information system for housing construction Resolution of March 26, 2019 No. 319. The requirements for technological, software, linguistic, legal and organizational means of the UISHS, the procedure for placement, storage and processing of information have been established. The system defines a list of information that is required to be placed in the Unified Housing Information System by developers, authorities that control the sphere of shared-equity housing construction, and authorized banks that control the purpose and amount of spending by developers of funds raised for shared-equity construction.

March 27, 2019, Production, transportation, export of oil and petroleum products On the procedure for determining the indicative tariff for oil transportation for calculating the tax on additional income from the production of hydrocarbons Resolution of March 26, 2019 No. 317. The procedure for calculating the indicative tariff for oil transportation to determine the estimated costs of hydrocarbon production at a subsoil site has been approved. The indicative tariff for oil transportation will be determined based on three main components: the cost of transporting oil across Russia, the cost of transshipping oil in Russian ports, and the cost of transporting oil outside of Russia.

March 26, 2019, Federal contract system. Government procurement Changes have been made to the rules for assessing applications for construction work during public procurement Resolution of March 21, 2019 No. 293. It has been established that when choosing a contractor for the construction of highways and especially dangerous, technically complex and unique capital construction projects, the customer will give priority to such non-cost criteria for evaluating applications as the total number of completed construction contracts, their total cost, the highest price of one of such executed contracts .

March 25, 2019, Electric power industry: generation, power grids, electricity market About a pilot project to create supply and demand aggregators in electricity markets Resolution of March 20, 2019 No. 287. The EnergyNet roadmap of the National Technology Initiative provides for the creation of a new entity in the electricity and capacity markets - supply and demand aggregators. The decisions made will make it possible to pilot a mechanism for the creation and development of such aggregators, ensuring the unification of consumers of electrical energy, distributed generation facilities and storage of electrical energy for the purpose of joint participation in the wholesale and retail electricity markets.

March 25, 2019, Urban Economics. Urban environment The methodology for determining the quality index of the urban environment has been approved Order of March 23, 2019 No. 510-r. The federal project “Formation of a Comfortable Urban Environment” of the national project “Housing and Urban Environment” provides for an increase in the quality index of the urban environment by 30% by the end of 2024, and a halving of the number of cities with an unfavorable environment in accordance with this index. To determine the quality index, 36 indicators will be used to characterize the state of the urban environment and living conditions of people.

March 25, 2019, Relocation of emergency housing On the implementation in 2019–2021 of regional programs for the resettlement of citizens from emergency housing stock Order No. 446-r dated March 16, 2019, resolution No. 278 dated March 16, 2019. In order to monitor the implementation by the subjects of the Federation in 2019–2021 of regional targeted programs for the resettlement of citizens from emergency housing, recognized as such as of January 1, 2017, target indicators for the implementation of such programs were approved. For each subject of the Federation, the total area of the emergency housing stock subject to resettlement and the number of citizens subject to resettlement have been established.

March 22, 2019, Higher, postgraduate and continuing education New rules for targeted training in higher and secondary educational institutions have been approved Resolution of March 21, 2019 No. 302. In connection with the entry into force of changes in legislation aimed at improving the mechanisms of targeted training, the Regulations on targeted training for educational programs of secondary vocational and higher education, the rules for establishing an admission quota for targeted training in universities at the expense of the federal budget, and a standard form of an agreement on targeted training were approved. training. The implementation of targeted training mechanisms is designed to increase the motivation of applicants and students in choosing a future place of work, increase the responsibility of employers for the selection of future workers, and reduce the shortage of qualified personnel in those regions where there are not enough specialists in the professions most in demand in the economy.

March 21, 2019, Migration policy A program of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic to assist the voluntary resettlement of compatriots living abroad has been agreed upon Order of March 21, 2019 No. 483-r. The program provides for the resettlement of compatriots living abroad, including descendants of the Adyghe and Balkar diasporas, to the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in order to reduce the shortage of labor resources and meet the needs of the regional economy for qualified personnel.

March 21, 2019, System of state control and supervision On changes in the application of the risk-based approach for certain types of state control Resolution of March 21, 2019 No. 289. In connection with changes in legislation in the field of control and supervisory activities, lists of types of federal state control, in respect of which a risk-based approach is applied, and types of regional state control, in the organization of which a risk-based approach is mandatory, have been approved. The purpose of the decisions taken is to improve the activities of control and supervisory authorities, the use of risk assessment methods in order to reduce the overall administrative burden on business entities, including at the regional level.

March 21, 2019, Migration policy A program for the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug to assist the voluntary resettlement of compatriots living abroad has been agreed upon Order of March 21, 2019 No. 484-r. The program provides for the resettlement of compatriots to the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug in order to reduce the shortage of labor resources and meet the needs of the regional economy for qualified personnel in demand in the labor market. The implementation of the program will attract about 500 compatriots to the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug by 2021.

March 20, 2019, Railway transport The long-term development program of JSC Russian Railways until 2025 has been approved Order of March 19, 2019 No. 466-r. As part of the implementation of the long-term development program of JSC Russian Railways, in particular, it is planned to develop comprehensive services for shippers and improve the quality of freight transportation, increase the transport mobility of people within and between agglomerations, develop container transportation, expand the network of high-speed highways, and develop infrastructure to ensure future traffic volumes , transition to the “digital railway”.

March 20, 2019, Issues of labor productivity and employment support On the distribution of interbudgetary transfers for retraining and advanced training of enterprise employees in order to support employment and improve the efficiency of the labor market Order of March 19, 2019 No. 463-r. Interbudgetary transfers in the amount of 1.525 billion rubles were distributed to 31 constituent entities of the Federation. State support will allow 18,443 employees in 2019 to undergo advanced vocational training and receive additional vocational education that meets the needs of employers participating in the national project and meets the goals of increasing labor productivity.

March 20, 2019, Gas production, transportation, export. LNG industry. Gasification On the investment project for the construction of a marine transshipment complex for liquefied natural gas in the Kamchatka Territory Order of March 14, 2019 No. 436-r. A comprehensive plan for the implementation of the investment project “Offshore transshipment complex of liquefied natural gas in the Kamchatka Territory” was approved. The implementation of the project will allow increasing the volume of transportation along the Northern Sea Route from 9.7 million tons in 2017 to 31.4 million tons by the end of 2026, ensuring the transition of the Northern Sea Route to year-round loading, creating the largest regional LNG hub in the region, attracting about 70 billion rubles of private investment, create new jobs. Order No. 460-r dated March 19, 2019. The program provides for the resettlement of compatriots to the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania in order to meet the needs of the regional economy for qualified personnel in demand in the labor market.

Close attention from senior government officials and government support for small businesses are due to the fact that small businesses are the basis for economic development. This is a source of jobs that contributes to the development of a particular region and increased competition in the market. But such an enterprise needs help to stay afloat until the first profits are made.

Loans are not provided to the following organizations:

insurance companies, investment and non-state pension funds, pawnshops, stock brokers;
representatives of the gambling business;
enterprises engaged in the sale or production of excisable goods specified in Article 181 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation;
enterprises extracting minerals;
non-residents of the Russian Federation.

Rental of premises and land

The state allows a novice businessman to take temporary use of land or offices at preferential prices. It is easier and cheaper than buying premises from private individuals.

In addition, there are business incubators. These are independent structures or part of technical parks or centers at universities. Business incubators provide the owner with the opportunity to place an office on the territory entrusted to them.

Subsidies

This one is in demand among entrepreneurs more than others.

Subsidy- gratuitous financial assistance provided to a company to expand production, purchase new equipment, and compensate for lost profits. More often, subsidies are received to open a new promising business.

Provided on a competitive basis. Preference is given to those entrepreneurs whose business is a priority for the development of the region. These are agricultural activities, the opening of production in villages and small towns, innovative technologies, housing and communal services, domestic tourism and others.

Who provides the subsidies?

Financial assistance is provided by the following organizations:

Employment Center (PEC). The subsidy amount is up to 10,200 rubles. Subsidies are provided to cover the costs of registering a business. The amount of financial assistance depends on the region of the Russian Federation.
Local government bodies. Size – 300 thousand rubles. The amount depends on the region.

What documents are needed to receive subsidies?

passport;
individual taxpayer number (TIN) - provided by the Federal Tax Service at the place of residence;
certificate of pension insurance, namely its insurance number (SNILS);
document confirming education;
certificate of salary for the last 3 months;
application of the established form;
business plan.

The most important thing in the package of documents is– a description of the costs of creating an enterprise and its expected income. It proves the feasibility of creating a new enterprise and its prospects for a given region of the country. The plan must be drawn up as honestly as possible, since it will be checked by a commission of professionals. The commission makes a decision on the need to provide subsidies for the development of small businesses.

After receiving the money, you must submit a monthly report on the funds spent. The money must be spent within a year, otherwise the remainder will have to be returned.

You can find out more about government programs in a specific subject of the Russian Federation on the websites of your region.

Today, not all people are satisfied with hired work - a small income that cannot be regulated independently. To get maximum profit, many decide to open their own business. It can be controlled, take an active part in any transformations, develop and expand. But any business, even a small one, requires initial capital. For those who do not have enough funds to create an enterprise, the state is ready to provide financial and organizational assistance.

What kind of government assistance can small businesses expect?

Russia has adopted a program according to which everyone who decides to become an entrepreneur has a chance to receive a financial state. assistance to small businesses, completely free of charge. The amount of monetary compensation has certain limits, which differ in different regions. Many people have the right to receive such a subsidy, but due to objective circumstances and subjective reasons, not everyone can secure such support. In addition to financial assistance, funds for which come from the state budget, aspiring entrepreneurs are offered property assistance. This means the state’s willingness to lease certain property to small businesses at low rates or even free of charge: real estate, technical equipment, land use facilities, etc.

Limitations of the government assistance program

Not every entrepreneur can count on assistance from the state in developing a small business. For example, if a person has been registered as an entrepreneur for more than one year, he is no longer subject to this program. The field of small business activity is of great importance, because specially created commissions necessarily consider each application and do not respond positively to everyone. It is also necessary for the entrepreneur to have his own money necessary to start a business. The state will be able to compensate from 40 to 60% of the costs, and often this amount does not exceed 300,000 rubles; the rest will have to be paid from your own wallet. Of course, these are to purchase equipment and create a competitive enterprise, but it is not profitable for the state to fully sponsor businessmen. This is only partial assistance from the state to small businesses, which gives it the opportunity to control the small business system.

Articles for receiving subsidies under government programs

The small business assistance program in Russia includes several articles that involve receiving a subsidy:

opening an enterprise;
opening a business;
rental of premises;
purchase of equipment and computer equipment;
obtaining a license;
training of specialists;
participation in advertising campaigns and exhibitions.

Consultation on these issues can be obtained at employment centers and specialized centers. The regional administration must provide residents with the addresses of these branches.

How to get financial support

If you have already thought about starting your own business, but do not have the necessary amount of money, then you can get help from the state for small businesses. First you need to draw up a business plan and submit it to the employment center for consideration. The amount of the subsidy issued by this organization is 58,800 rubles. (4900 rubles - monthly multiplied by 12 months). The procedure for reviewing a business plan and allocating money can take up to 6 months.

What is needed to receive start-up capital from the state

Firstly, that is, have unemployed status. To do this, you will need the following documents:

passport,
work book,
educational documents, certificates and diplomas,
pension insurance certificate,
a completed form confirming the average salary for 3 months at the last place of work.

Note that the following are not unemployed:

citizens under 16 years of age;
women on maternity leave;
full-time students;
old age pensioners;
citizens working under an employment contract or registered as an LLC or individual entrepreneur;
disabled people from non-working groups.

Next, at the employment center you need to write an application to receive a subsidy from the state for the development of small businesses. Think through in detail and draw up a detailed business plan containing many calculations, graphs and tables. Having received approval, you should register as a legal entity (organize an LLC or individual entrepreneur). The tax office will give you a list of documents, copies of which you need to provide. After this, the agreed upon funds are credited to your bank account, which you can withdraw and purchase the necessary equipment specified in the business plan.

A very important point: you will need to provide a financial report to the employment center, which should reflect all costs for equipment, wages of employees, contributions to the tax and pension fund. If you received financial assistance for a small business from the state, you need to be responsible for every penny of this amount spent.

Other government assistance options

Possible assistance from the state to small businesses consists not only of issuing money for the creation of an enterprise, it can be repayment of interest on an already taken loan or the bank issuing a new loan with a reduced interest rate. Today, many banks issue loans to entrepreneurs, and they, in turn, prefer to contact the bank. After all, in this case, they will not have to report where they spent the funds received; they just need to pay a certain amount on time.

The state also organizes so-called business incubators, where you can get qualified assistance both in drawing up a business plan and in training employees in new skills in organizing and running their own business. In addition, in these centers you can rent a room inexpensively and place all your employees there, so they can always turn to experienced professionals for help.

Each of us has the opportunity to receive help and support from the state to create and develop our own business; all that remains is to decide on the direction of activity.

In every region of our country there are programs that provide various subsidies, compensation, benefits and other types of assistance. What forms of government support for entrepreneurs exist and how to use them? We will talk about this in our article.

Today, the most popular small business assistance programs are:

subsidy for starting a business for the unemployed;
business development subsidy for start-up entrepreneurs;
guarantee under credit and leasing agreements;
compensation for part of the interest on loans;
reimbursement of part of the costs under the leasing agreement;
issuing loans at reduced rates;
reimbursement of expenses for participation in exhibitions and fairs;
tax benefits for new and existing entrepreneurs.

Let's consider all these types of government support in more detail.

Subsidy for starting a business for the unemployed

If you are unemployed and want to try your hand at business, a subsidy from the employment center in the amount of 58,800 rubles can help you at first. This type of government assistance is provided to unemployed citizens free of charge. In order to receive a subsidy, you need to contact the employment service at your place of registration, register for unemployment, write and defend a business plan. Some employment centers will additionally require you to undergo a short training in the basics of entrepreneurship and psychological testing.

It is best if your future business has a social orientation and you create one or more jobs. For example, you will start making folk art products. Business ideas related to the production or sale of alcohol, opening a pawn shop, or network marketing are not accepted for consideration. After defending your business plan before the commission and if it is approved, you enter into an agreement with the employment center to receive a subsidy. Please note that you should register an individual entrepreneur or LLC only after concluding an agreement. It is necessary to follow this procedure, since the contract is concluded with you as an unemployed person, and not as an entrepreneur or legal entity.

The costs of registration are also reimbursed by the state. Reimbursement is transferred upon the fact, that is, you must pay for registration at your own expense, and then provide documents on payment to the employment center.

The subsidy amount may increase if you hire one or more unemployed people who are also registered with this employment center (+58,800 for each hired employee). This program is valid for individual entrepreneurs only.

Within three months of receiving the grant, you must certify that the funds have been spent in accordance with the approved business plan. If your business “lasts” less than a year, the money will have to be returned to the state.

Subsidy for start-up entrepreneurs

You can get a more significant amount for business development - 300,000 rubles (500,000 rubles for Moscow entrepreneurs). In order for you to be provided with such a subsidy, at least a year must pass from the moment of registration of your individual entrepreneur or LLC. Money is issued after defending a business project, but on co-financing terms, that is, you invest 50-70% of your own funds, and the state compensates for the rest of your costs for business development. The subsidy can be spent on purchasing equipment, equipping workplaces, purchasing raw materials, and paying rent. Another condition for providing a subsidy is that your company does not have debts on taxes and insurance premiums. Non-repayable loans are most often issued to entrepreneurs who carry out socially important activities - engaged in consumer services, work in the field of education, healthcare, etc. You will need to account in detail for the public funds spent. You can find out all the details from local governments or business support funds in your region.

Guarantee for loan and leasing agreements

In almost every region there are guarantee funds that can become guarantors when an entrepreneur applies for a loan or enters into an agreement with a leasing company. Such a guarantee is an additional advantage when obtaining a loan. For the service, the fund will have to pay 1.5-2% of the guarantee amount, which, as a rule, is 30-70% of the loan amount.

How to use the guarantee fund:

Find out the requirements for borrowers on the fund’s website or by phone.
If you meet them, then check which banks are the fund’s partners. Select the bank where you would like to take out a loan.
When contacting the bank, indicate that you would like the guarantee fund to act as your guarantor.
If your loan application is approved by the bank, then together with the bank you need to prepare documents and an application to the guarantee fund.
If the fund's decision is positive, a tripartite guarantee agreement is drawn up.
You receive a loan and pay for the services of the guarantee fund.

The guarantee fund must be located in the same region in which your business is registered.

Compensation for part of interest on loans

If you took out a loan for business development from one of the Russian banks, you can compensate part of the interest on the loan at the expense of the state. The amount of the subsidy depends on the current refinancing rate and the size of the loan. This type of support is valid in almost all regions and applies to most types of activities.

Reimbursement of part of the costs under the leasing agreement

Another popular type of assistance from the state to small businesses is compensation for part of payments under leasing agreements. If you lease production equipment or vehicles, then you have the opportunity to return part of the funds. The maximum amount differs depending on the region: for example, in Moscow it is up to 5 million rubles. You can find out all the details from the small business development department or entrepreneurship support funds in your region.

Issuing loans at reduced rates

In many regions of the Russian Federation, there are microfinance programs for small businesses that enable entrepreneurs to receive loans and short-term loans on preferential terms. As a rule, the loan amount ranges from 10 thousand to 1 million rubles for a period of 1-3 years. The interest rate varies from 8 to 10%. Certain regions provide loans at a lower rate of 5% to entrepreneurs who work in the manufacturing or agricultural sector, provide household services, that is, engage in socially significant activities. In some cases, you can get a larger amount - up to 5 million for a longer period - up to 5 years.

To obtain a loan, contact the entrepreneurship support fund in your region. There you will be told what requirements the borrower must meet, what documents and possibly collateral are required to obtain a loan. Based on the documents provided and the collateral, the fund’s specialists will make a decision on issuing or refusing to issue a loan.

Reimbursement of expenses for participation in exhibitions and fairs

This type of state support for small businesses will allow you to reduce the costs of participating in exhibitions and fairs, that is, take advantage of the opportunity to present your product to a wide audience, find clients and partners, and exchange experiences. The state can pay two-thirds of your participation in such events - rental and delivery of equipment, registration fee. Travel, accommodation and food costs are not reimbursed. The subsidy is provided once during the current financial year. The subsidy amount is from 25,000 to 300,000 rubles, depending on the region.

Tax benefits for new and existing entrepreneurs

From January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2020, regions have the right to set a zero tax rate for first-time registered individual entrepreneurs for 2 years. This applies to imputation and patent entrepreneurs who work in the production, social, household or scientific spheres. For example, in 2016, “tax holidays” are in effect in Bryansk, Voronezh, Kostroma, Kursk, Lipetsk, Moscow, Omsk, Tula and many other regions.

Also, since 2016, as anti-crisis measures to support small businesses, in some regions there have been reduced tax rates for entrepreneurs on the simplified tax system - from 1% and UTII - from 7.5%.

Other forms of government support for small businesses

In all regions of our country, training and advanced training is provided for small businesses, which includes a variety of trainings, seminars, and conferences. Professional accountants, lawyers and other specialists will advise you on any questions that inevitably arise for both beginners and those who have already been doing business for more than one year. These services are provided free of charge.

How can I find out about support measures in my city?

You will find a detailed description of support measures in the SME Business Navigator - a free resource for entrepreneurs. Here you can find a database of all state and municipal organizations that provide support to small and medium-sized businesses in your region.

If after reading the article you still have any questions, ask them in the comments.

According to static research, 70% of people who want to start their own business don't get beyond talking.

And only 30% of the population have such serious intentions that they are ready to devote all their time to the development of a certain activity.

The importance of small business for the country

The development of the state’s economy largely depends on small businesses, since:

It is an important sector of the economy. These subjects tolerate external changes more easily. The general economic decline in Russia in the early 90s was compensated precisely by such enterprises and their ability to quickly adapt to new market conditions. State institutions were unable to cope with the competition, which is why they collapsed or were subjected to privatization.
Small business is the main source of tax deductions. Small companies create budgets at different levels. They pay taxes to the budget, create jobs, and provide the population with the opportunity to earn money. By the way, this group of taxpayers is more reliable than representatives of large businesses.
Small businesses are developing innovative technologies. Some organizations are interested in the development of new scientific and technical inventions. Such activities are welcomed by the state, so entrepreneurs can count on subsidies and additional subsidies.
They provide employment to people, which has a positive effect on the unemployment rate. A small number of employees contributes to team cohesion, which is not always observed in large enterprises. This increases work motivation and improves work results. No less important is the fact that socially unstable segments of the population can apply for employment, namely: youth, women, immigrants, etc. This is where you can gain the necessary experience, climb the career ladder and self-realization.

Main problems of entrepreneurs

An absolutely natural reaction of a person who decides to engage in any new activity is fear. Just as a small child is afraid to take the first step, an adult is afraid of the unknown. It is, of course, impossible to completely get rid of fear, but it is necessary to reduce its boundaries. To do this, you should talk to a more successful entrepreneur and gain experience from him.

Every person expects to receive a good income. The main problem of many beginning businessmen is finding a money niche.

It is much more correct to devote oneself to the area in which a person has certain knowledge, skills and abilities, and in which he shows interest.

After identifying a suitable niche, you need to think about where to start and which direction is the most correct. Of course, it will not be possible to do everything without errors, but careful analysis is half the success.

After the start of activity, various questions begin to arise related to choosing the best one, determining the optimal cost, attracting additional funds and their correct distribution. Communication with a successful businessman can solve problems.

Every entrepreneur should learn the “Pareto principle”: 20% of actions lead to 80% of results.

Consequently, only 20% are primary and important, and the remaining 80 cannot be called particularly significant. In general, all your efforts should be directed only to those actions that lead to results.

Another problem for novice businessmen is lack of discipline. Before starting your own business, you need to make sure of your own burning desire, otherwise success is unlikely to be achieved.

What kind of support is provided?

Any developing project needs investments, which can be asked from the state.

So, the Moscow government is ready to provide half a million rubles to newly opened businesses. This type of subsidy is a free provision of funds from the city budget to a legal entity or individual entrepreneur, which partially or fully reimburses the businessman’s expenses.

Small and medium-sized companies that were registered no more than 2 years ago can apply for this subsidy to the Moscow government.

Monetary support can be spent:

to purchase the necessary funds to conduct activities;
for the arrangement and equipment of workplaces;
for the purchase of raw materials and necessary materials (no more than 30% of the total amount);
payment of rental payments.

Monetary assistance from the state is provided in accordance with the following main condition: the bulk of the funds received must be spent on the needs of the company.

Types of subsidies and grants

To receive government subsidies, a new entrepreneur must consistently perform the following steps:

Register with the employment center.
Collect and provide the necessary package of documents confirming.
Submit to the employment service agent a business plan that details the goals that require government support.

This help provided once and only if the employment center failed to select a suitable workplace for the person. The amount of the subsidy is equal to the amount of the annual unemployment benefit.

Another way to receive assistance is to submit documents to local authorities in accordance with your place of residence. The amount of support here is much larger, although it is also more difficult to obtain - the competition is higher.

Federal subsidies are provided by the Fund for Assistance to Small Enterprises in the Field of Science and Technology. The most profitable programs include:

"Start". Any company that has been on the market for no more than 2 years and has not yet sold its product has the right to apply for participation (the amount of annual revenue should not exceed 0.3 million rubles). Research and development activities can be financed with a maximum of 6 million rubles. in 3 years.
The program is provided for several areas: biotechnology, innovative medicine, IT, development of innovative equipment and materials. After the entire amount of the subsidy has been paid, annual revenue must increase to the amount of assistance provided, and the number of employees with their main place of work in the enterprise must be at least half of the total number of workers.
"Development". This program is intended for companies that form their own niche, have their own history of scientific work and a certain level of cash flow. The program allows you to receive up to 15 million rubles, but not more than the amount of personal funds invested in the activity. The assistance is aimed at increasing revenue and profitability.

Among the departmental programs are:

Two programs for the agricultural industry aimed at supporting farmers and developing livestock. Such grants can be spent on building livestock farms, purchasing animals, and improving everyday life.
A program that seeks to support organizations engaged in high-tech production, as well as introducing science into various business processes. To request funds, please contact the Ministry of Education.
The Ministry of Industry and Trade is responsible for the development of folk crafts. With government assistance, it is possible to purchase raw materials, organize logistics and significantly promote the fishery. Enterprises that are not included in the list of organizations engaged in folk crafts, which are supported by federal funds, cannot count on funding.

As part of regional programs, a company that owes nothing to the state can count on the following assistance:

Subsidies for starting your own business. Any legal entity or individual entrepreneur who registered no more than 1 year ago can apply for support. In Moscow, up to 500 thousand rubles are allocated, in the regions - up to 300 thousand. An increased subsidy can be issued to enterprises engaged in innovative activities. You can spend money on purchasing fixed assets, paying rent, providing jobs and purchasing raw materials.
Subsidies for the acquisition of fixed assets on lease. Each individual region has its own rules for issuing this amount: either for making a down payment, or for full repayment of the lease debt, or for both purposes. The amount of assistance varies from 300 thousand to 10 million rubles. (the final amount depends on the cost of fixed assets).
Loan subsidies. Such assistance does not provide compensation for the body of the loan; its subject is part of the interest for using the loan money.
Subsidies for participation in exhibitions– the region compensates the company for the money spent on participation in such an event.

Many of the nuances of various forms of support are discussed in the following video:

Where and how to look for help from the state?

Small businesses that need financial assistance must take part in a competitive selection process. He needs not only to collect a package of statutory and registration documents, but also to carefully fill out a special application, the information of which will be the basis for selecting program participants.

Each significant criterion earns a certain point. Based on the results obtained, the most worthy candidate who deserves state support is selected.

The main evaluation criteria include:

number of jobs created;
efficiency for the budget (amount of taxes and fees);
social level of business;
a number of other specific parameters.

An aspiring businessman must provide a carefully developed business plan with detailed information about the purposes of receiving support, main costs, payback period and profitability.

In addition, an entrepreneur can turn to local governments for help, although the competitive basis here is much more pronounced, since many want to receive help, but the state cannot invest in everyone.

Latest innovations

Based on current trends, we can safely say that there will be even more government programs aimed at supporting business. This area of the economy is considered the highest priority, so it is beneficial for the state to expand and consolidate it.

Several new solutions are aimed at the tax industry, labor relations, business insurance and the work of credit institutions.

The economic situation in the country is such that the state is forced to retain small entrepreneurs with guaranteed demand for their goods and services. For example, a certain percentage of government purchases is established by law. institutions of goods from small businesses.

In accordance with the presidential decree, it is planned to form a state corporation for the development of small businesses. The basis of this organization should be the Credit Guarantee Agency. The main task of the corporation is to create stable and long-term demand for goods offered by representatives of this class of business.

In addition, the Ministry of Economic Development has been tasked with developing a strategy aimed at developing mid-level businesses. The validity period of this program is 15 years. In August 2015, only the first stage was completed. If successfully implemented, by 2030 small and medium-sized entrepreneurs will occupy about 45% of the state's GDP instead of today's 21%.