Subsidy for enterprise development. Types of subsidies and grants

The number of start-up businessmen is steadily increasing every year. An increase in their number has a positive effect on the economic performance of the country as a whole and satisfies the ever-growing needs of the population.

State financial support contributes to the emergence of new small and medium-sized businesses. The authorities of a particular region are trying to introduce methods of assistance: various benefits, subsidies, and material payments. How to get such support? Let's figure it out.

Which entrepreneurs can count on help from the state?

The state mainly provides financial support to owners of small and medium-sized businesses. To find out if your company belongs to this category, you should pay attention to the number of employees and the amount of annual turnover. The following formats of enterprises can count on money from the state:

start-up business(up to 15 people in the state with an annual turnover of up to 120 million rubles);
small business(up to 100 people in the state with an annual turnover of up to 800 million rubles);
medium business(up to 250 people in the state with an annual turnover of up to 2 billion rubles).

To qualify for assistance, companies must meet the following requirements:

duration of existence from the moment of opening - no more than 2 years;
the company is registered with the tax service;
SME is not a tax debtor.

Important: the chances of financing are much higher for businessmen who have social benefits, as well as own a social or export-oriented business.

Remember that the state provides support to entrepreneurs whose field of activity is among the priorities. To apply for gratuitous assistance, a businessman must work in one of the following areas:

Manufacture of consumer goods.
Popular directions of folk art.
Offers of rural and ecological tourism.
Housing and communal services.
Agro-industrial department.
The sphere of science and technology, as well as innovation.

How to get government assistance for small business development in 2019?

The main advantage of receiving such a subsidy is that it is free of charge and does not need to be returned after a certain time. The state benefits from this, as a new small enterprise appears on the economic map, providing jobs for citizens, and competition with existing companies increases, which contributes to quality improvement and price stabilization.

But along with the conclusion of a subsidy agreement, the entrepreneur agrees to fulfill certain obligations. The main one is to provide detailed reporting.

Within 3 months from the date of receipt of funds from the state, the businessman is obliged to submit a report with documents on the use of the subsidy to the Employment Center. As confirmation, commodity or fiscal checks, receipts, paid payment orders and other documents can be provided. The financial report must be consistent with the paragraph of the business plan, which indicates the purpose of obtaining capital.

Important: if the business person cannot provide confirmation, he is obliged to return the subsidiary funds to the state in full.

Also, the terms of the drawn up agreement suggest that the activity of the financed small enterprise should last at least one year from the date of opening. This excludes the possibility of cooperation with one-day firms.

Help can be obtained from many instances and organizations that have the necessary powers. Here are some of them:

City administration. The Department of Economic Development provides information on the types of financial support for small businesses.
Chamber of Commerce and Industry. This institution provides assistance in consulting on business, marketing, legal law, it helps to take part in exhibitions.
Entrepreneurship Support Fund. Based on the results of the mandatory assessment of the submitted project, the organization allocates finance for the activities of a small enterprise.
Business incubator. This organization is engaged in infrastructural support of the ideas of entrepreneurs at all stages of development, starting from the moment of opening.
Venture fund. Focuses mainly on innovative projects, then invests money in their activities.
Employment center.

Interesting: if your business project is socially or economically beneficial for the state, you can receive not only money for its implementation, but also free education, the right to take part in exhibitions, etc.

After contacting the above authorities, you will receive a list of required documents. Here are the papers included in this list:

Passport and TIN of the entrepreneur.
Insurance certificate (SNILS).
A certificate from the accounting department of the last place of official employment, which indicates salary information for three months before the completion of work.
Education document.
Application of a program participant for receiving financial support from the state (according to a specially approved form).
Ready business plan.

Money from the Job Center

The most common way for entrepreneurs to get help is to apply to the Employment Center. How is this procedure carried out?

The first step is to register with the Employment Center and obtain the status of unemployed. This is a prerequisite, since the state allocation of funds is due only to those entrepreneurs who are registered as unemployed citizens. To do this, you need to have the following documents with you:

passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
work book;
marital status document;
education document.

Then you need to write a business plan with a detailed description of the project, target distribution of funds and an indication of its payback period. The third step is to register a business as an individual entrepreneur.

The package of documents is considered by the regional commission within 60 days. If a positive decision is made between the applicant and the Employment Center, an agreement will be concluded, and the funds will be transferred to the recipient's account. The commission may decide to reimburse only certain costs, such as the registration and opening of a small business. If the applicant receives a rejection notice, they may try again.

Grants for new businessmen

This type of allocation of funds from the state involves helping novice businessmen to open a business and those who have been engaged in entrepreneurial activity for no more than two years. The following organizations have the authority to distribute grants:

Department of Economic Development.
Funds for supporting small and medium-sized businesses.
Unions created by entrepreneurs.

A prerequisite for obtaining a grant is the activity of a small enterprise in one of the priority sectors indicated above.

According to state law, companies that produce wine and vodka products, tobacco products, luxury goods, work with real estate or engage in gambling activities do not receive payments.

Remember that the allocated money is directed to cover 30 to 50% of the total cost of the project. The businessman should look for the remaining finances for the development of the business on his own. Don't be afraid to invest, it can be.

The entrepreneur must provide the following documents:

Documents confirming the absence of other sources of financial support.
Certificate of registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC and a business plan.
An extract from the bank on the amount of own finances.
Certificate of positive credit history.

Then the Sectoral Commission decides on the provision of funds. The maximum amount of a cash grant is 500 thousand rubles (in Moscow and the region - up to 5 million rubles).

The state prioritizes the unemployed, young entrepreneurs, former military personnel, families with young children, etc.

Subsidy Program

State plans for subsidizing small enterprises are implemented at different administrative levels. Therefore, they can be systematized according to the scale and amount of allocated funds:

Federal programs. They are implemented throughout the country, and they are also characterized by a large amount of allocated money for financial support for the opening and development of SMEs. A distinctive feature is that such programs work mainly with large-scale business projects, whose owners are already engaged in commercial activities.
Regional programs. They work in the territories of administrative regions and dispose of the regional or district budget. The purpose of such programs is to develop the infrastructure of the whole region.
Local programs. The scale of implementation is work with city or district entrepreneurs. Subsidies are limited to small amounts of funding.

The amount of assistance received, the form of its provision, as well as the list of necessary documents for processing an application depend on the features of the state program. The larger the scale of the program, the higher the competition and the more stringent selection rules. The small business owner should take this into account.

Concessional lending

Categories of small and medium-sized commercial entrepreneurs who are unable to receive material support from the state can apply for concessional loans. Many banks provide such loans on simplified terms. As mentioned, the probability of opening a loan with a favorable interest rate is higher for those who are engaged in priority activities for the state.

Advice: for all your questions regarding assistance, you can contact banking institutions or credit communities directly, as they also have lending programs for business start-ups.

The applicant receives a loan as a one-time cash payment in the amount of 50 million to 1 billion rubles. After the conclusion of the contract, the preferential program is valid for 3 years. A prerequisite is also investments and investments in the project of the businessman's own funds. Their number is determined as follows:

20% if the loan amount is more than 500 million rubles or if the repayment of the loan is planned from the future income expected after the start of the business project.
There are no restrictions if funds are allocated for other investment plans.

The interest rate for use varies depending on the format of the enterprise. This is 10% per annum for medium-sized enterprises and 11-11.8% for small ones.

What can government money be used for?

As mentioned above, the granting process is a donation of funds that promote the opening and favorable development of a business. Concessional lending and other assistance programs also have simplified terms and reduced interest rates. At the same time, the use of financial support from the state is accompanied by documentary reports to confirm the intended purpose. The allocated money can be spent on the following:

Payment for the lease of a place or plot of land (no more than 20% of the principal amount is allocated to cover these costs).
Replenishment of working capital.
Workplace equipment.
Acquisition of equipment for production (purchased machines cannot be sold or exchanged for three years).
Purchase of consumables (the same rules apply - no more than 20% of the funds received).
Renovation and refurbishment work.
Intangible assets.

The entrepreneur draws up an annual report, which indicates exactly what the received subsidiary income was spent on. Also, certificates and receipts must be submitted to the control authorities.

Intangible Small Business Support Options

In our time, the state is ready to help novice businessmen of small and medium-sized enterprises not only by increasing capital. There are several other forms of support:

Free education opportunity. Why in the first years of activity, many entrepreneurs, faced with problems, leave the business? They simply do not have the necessary knowledge about the conduct of their business. Such educational skills (such as how to lead) help in development, but are expensive, so not everyone can get them. The state provides start-up businessmen with the opportunity to study courses for free, as well as attend various seminars and lectures. The applicant is obliged to submit relevant documents to the necessary authorities: paid bills, certificates of training or concluded contracts. The payment will cover half of the expenses, but not more than 40 thousand rubles a year.
Rent reduction. Another support option is discounts on the cost of renting premises where offices or production are directly located. Remember that you can get such a discount only if the building is municipal property and the lease agreement is concluded for a period of more than 5 years. Every year, the preferential rate increases (from 40 to 80% of the rent), and for the next period, the entrepreneur pays the full rate. A prerequisite is a competitive selection to determine a worthy candidate. The winner is allocated additional assistance to pay for communications.
Compensation for participation in exhibitions. For promotion and further development, small business owners can take advantage of subsidies to participate in national or international exhibitions. Based on the results of the selection, the state can help pay for the costs of registration, rental of a place, transportation of exhibits, accommodation, organization and translation services. If the state aid amount does not exceed 150 thousand per year, you can pay up to half of the costs. Mandatory conditions for receiving compensation for small businesses: an application, an agreement with the organizers and a report on the work performed.

Summing up

The advantage of financial support programs is the ability to increase the capital of small companies. Since the state is interested in the development of small enterprises, the likelihood of receiving financial assistance is constantly growing. This is a good chance to start.

On the other hand, the conclusion of an agreement with the relevant state bodies obliges entrepreneurs to submit detailed reports and monitor the intended use of funds. Therefore, every businessman should study the features of existing support programs and the requirements for them. Then he will be able to use the assistance as efficiently as possible and fulfill his obligations.

Starting your own business requires a significant financial investment from the entrepreneur. However, not everyone has enough money to start a business. Therefore, entrepreneurs need help, including material. The state seeks to support small businesses by providing subsidies for individual entrepreneurs in 2019. It is important to know when and how much money you can get free of charge to organize and develop your own business.

Types of state aid

Assistance to individual entrepreneurs from the state is provided in several forms: financial, property, informational, infrastructural.

You can count on the following types of financial support:

funds from the employment center;
grant for beginner entrepreneurs;
concessional lending;
subsidizing.

Funds for opening an individual entrepreneur through the employment center are allocated in order to combat unemployment and maintain self-employment. Such assistance is a one-time financial support in the amount of sixty thousand rubles. These funds can be spent exclusively for organizing your own business. If a businessman plans to employ one or more employees in his activity, the amount of the subsidy increases in proportion to the number of employees hired.

For start-up businessmen, special funds can compensate up to five hundred thousand rubles spent on creating entrepreneurship. Grants are traditionally allocated for development in those sectors that are significant for the state. Today it is agriculture, innovations, education, spheres of social importance and other areas.

Concessional lending involves the issuance of loans to individual entrepreneurs at rates that are lower than in banks. Today they are 11% per annum. You can get up to one billion rubles for a period not exceeding three years. It should be borne in mind that only those individual entrepreneurs who have been successfully operating for more than 6 months can count on preferential loans. At the same time, the entrepreneur should not have outstanding debts, a damaged credit history.

Subsidizing IP involves the issuance of funds for specific purposes. In this case, you can count on state assistance to reimburse part of the interest on the loan, overpayments and the first installment for leasing, training and advanced training of workers.

Regardless of what the small business support scheme will be, subsidies are issued only after going through a difficult procedure. First of all, you will need to develop a business plan and provide well-written documents. When assistance is allocated and spent, it will be necessary to document the directions of spending the funds.

Terms of receipt

Do not think that it will be easy to receive gratuitous subsidies for individual entrepreneurs from the state. In fact, you will have to carry out extensive and serious work.

After registering with the employment center and obtaining the official status of unemployed, an entrepreneur must go through the following steps:

choose a field of activity;
draw up a detailed business plan; in the final part, it is important to conduct an economic as well as social justification of the significance of the business being opened for the development of a particular region;
conduct state registration of entrepreneurship;
apply with documents prepared according to the list, an application, as well as a business plan to the relevant authorities.

The submitted application is considered by the commission. The duration of this process reaches sixty days. At the end of the consideration procedure, the commission makes a decision, which is sent to the entrepreneur by registered mail.

It is important to keep in mind that when receiving state support, an individual entrepreneur takes on specific responsibilities. First of all, they consist in submitting reports. Subsequently, the individual entrepreneur is obliged to provide a report on the expenditure of the funds received. At the same time, it is important to attach checks, payment orders, receipts and other documents confirming the direction of spending the funds.

When studying how to open an individual entrepreneur through an employment center, it is worth learning an important rule. If a businessman cannot submit documents regarding the direction of spending the money received, he will have to return the subsidized funds to the state.

In addition, a business organized with state support must be carried out for at least two years. This condition makes it possible to exclude the financing of one-day companies.

Drawing up a business plan

A subsidy for opening an individual entrepreneur is issued only if a well-written business plan is provided. There is no established sample according to which such a document is drawn up.

However, there are a number of points that must be considered in a business plan:

The first part necessarily contains the personal data of the entrepreneur. Here you should describe in detail the features of the chosen field of activity, explain why the chosen business is significant for the state.
The second chapter of the business plan contains a description of the project. It is important to pay attention to the activities with the help of which it is planned to achieve a specific amount of profit.
Of great importance when drawing up a business plan is the study of the market, as well as the niche that the entrepreneur plans to occupy in it. Here you will have to describe in detail the workflow, draw up a list of the necessary fixed and working capital, and bring the staffing table. In addition, this paragraph calculates the cost of the project, as well as the payback period.
At the end of the business plan, information about the anticipated risks is provided. It is important to foresee in what ways the entrepreneur will avoid them.

Only a well-designed plan can become the basis for obtaining a subsidy for organizing and developing a business. Without this document, no commission will consider the possibility of state support. It must contain real data and calculations, since after receiving the funds, you will have to spend them exclusively in accordance with this document. Subsequently, the costs must be documented. The Commission of the Employment Center (Employment Exchange) will check their full compliance with the business plan.

Where can I spend a subsidy for small businesses from the state

Assistance from the state IP is targeted. This means that there is a strictly defined list of areas where the money received can be spent. They should be followed both when receiving money for organizing your own business, and for its development.

Directions for spending the subsidy are necessarily reflected in the business plan. The entrepreneur cannot spend the funds at his own discretion.

Assistance to individual entrepreneurs can be aimed at solving the following problems:

Do not forget that the entrepreneur will have to report on where the provided funds were sent. That is why it is important to keep all supporting documents. It is necessary to carefully collect checks, transfer orders and other payment papers.

Reasons for rejection

Of great importance is not only the study of issues of how to get a subsidy. It is also important to know why public assistance may be denied.

There are several circumstances that can lead to a negative decision on a grant application:

In order to maximize the likelihood of a positive decision on the application for a subsidy, it is important to take into account all the reasons for refusal and try to avoid them.

Changes in 2019

In 2019, the main goals pursued by the support of individual entrepreneurs remain the organization of a new business, as well as an existing one. As before, this method of financing has the most important advantage, which is its gratuitousness. However, there are also serious drawbacks - the complexity in design, the need to make a huge amount of effort in the absence of guarantees of a positive decision.

This year, the government plans to introduce a completely new system based on the principles of a geomarketing navigator. For this purpose, more than 200 business plans were written, which characterize 75 areas of entrepreneurship. Such a system will help the individual entrepreneur decide which area and niche he should consider to create his own business. If the project is implemented, it will be an excellent support for entrepreneurs both in 2019 and in the future.

Other types of support that individual entrepreneurs can receive from the state in 2019 include:

transfer of real estate for rent on favorable terms;
the use of infrastructure that was specially created by government agencies for the development of entrepreneurship - business incubators, technology parks and other companies;
sale of property owned by the state at a reduced cost.

In 2019, it is planned to provide not only one-time financial assistance to individual entrepreneurs, but also to issue state grants. To participate in such subsidies, an application must be sent to the authorities involved in the distribution of funds.

The Ministry of Economic Development is going to start using a qualitatively new register of small and medium-sized businesses in 2019. Its creation will take place automatically. If an entrepreneur is included in the new register, he will be able to count on subsidies issued to support small businesses.

State assistance can be an invaluable support in the creation and development of an IP business. It is worth considering this possibility, because the subsidy is gratuitous.

No small business owner can say that he has an abundance of funds. Since its inception, the company has been constantly experiencing a financial deficit: most often, even with strict savings, money is enough only for the bare necessities, and many development plans, the development of new markets or the production of any products demanded by consumers remain unrealized.

Entrepreneurs who find themselves in a similar situation should figure out how to get a subsidy for the development of small businesses in 2018: gratuitous financial assistance from the state, if used correctly, becomes the very catalyst that allows you to bring the enterprise to a qualitatively different level. Of course, there are known restrictions and conditions for applicants participating in competitions for the provision of this type of support, and the business plans proposed for consideration are carefully checked, but practice shows that with the proper level of study, even the most ordinary projects have very real chances of success. .

Preferred Destinations

There is nothing surprising in the fact that the state is implementing a small business development strategy in order to obtain the maximum benefit from private enterprises for the regions. Therefore, in each region, local authorities form their own list of priority business areas, taking into account the characteristic features of the territory, weaknesses in the economy and the resources available to entrepreneurs. However, upon closer examination, it is possible to identify areas common to all subjects of the Russian Federation:

Breeding birds and animals, growing plants;
Processing of agricultural products;
Doing business in remote villages and villages;
Industrial production of products and essential goods;
Utilization and processing of waste;
Introduction of new technologies and innovations;
Production of goods with export value;
Department of Housing and Utilities;
Transport business, including passenger and intercity transportation;
Development of domestic and ecological tourism;
Socially important branches - medicine, sports, education;
Employment of people with disabilities;
Civil Engineering;
Artistic folk crafts;
Nature protection, production of ecological products;
Domestic services.

It should be noted that entrepreneurs who create or develop projects in the following areas cannot apply for financial assistance to small businesses from the state in 2018, a preferential loan or other form of subsidy:

Lending, insurance, investments in securities, Forex trading, implementation of non-state pension programs, activities of pawnshops;
Gambling, sweepstakes, betting shops;
Production and sale of excisable goods;
Extraction and sale of minerals (except common ones).

Business plan

The basis for the allocation of assistance to a novice entrepreneur from the state in 2018, first of all, is a correctly drawn up business plan. By providing this document, a businessman shows his awareness of the market situation, the presence of competitors, the target audience, and also demonstrates the ability to conduct the activities of the enterprise at a high professional level.

Too complicated, voluminous or confusing plan with many details should not be developed: this will only complicate the work of the commission. The optimal project is considered to be 50-90 pages, with the help of figures and other financial indicators clearly proving the social efficiency and importance of the business.

The document should include the following sections:

Summary. Here it is necessary to briefly indicate the objectives and benefits of the project, describe the products or services produced, and give arguments in favor of the social significance of the subsidized activity;
Analysis of the market situation. In the section, you need to consider the state of affairs in the market, the volume of consumption of the proposed product or service, mention existing analogues and analyze the strategy of competitors;
Production plan. This item is devoted to the organization of the production process, suppliers and methods of acquiring equipment and raw materials, new jobs and the staffing of the enterprise;
Marketing plan. Here you should consider the composition of the target audience, ways to sell products or services, the company's pricing policy, marketing activities to promote the brand and the product itself;
Financial plan. In this section, you need to calculate the volume of initial investments, taking into account subsidies, the amount of overhead costs, determine the potential profit, profitability and payback period of the project;
Risk analysis. The paragraph should be devoted to the study of risks and negatively affecting business factors, as well as to consider ways to deal with them.

When evaluating the prospects of the project, the competition committee of the fund that provides subsidies to small businesses from the state in 2018 draws attention to some characteristics that directly affect the adoption of a positive or negative decision. These criteria include:

Social orientation. In the business plan, it is necessary to consider in detail the social problems that can be solved through the implementation of the project;
New workplaces. For projects involving the creation of several new jobs, the likelihood of approval increases significantly;
Profitability. It should not be forgotten that the main purpose of a business is to generate income. Therefore, the presented project should be not only socially useful, but also cost-effective;
Intended use of the subsidy. In the economic part of the plan, it is necessary to describe all areas of spending public funds. The commission must understand that not a single penny will be wasted;
Own investments. The more own funds the entrepreneur plans to invest in the business in addition to the subsidy, the greater the chances of success. For some types of aid, equity investment is mandatory.

Business Startup Grant

For start-up entrepreneurs, the first instance that allocates money for opening a small business from the state in 2018 is the Employment Center. Here, a special commission considers projects submitted by newcomers; the implementation of the most successful ideas is stimulated by funding in the amount of 12-month unemployment benefits, which currently amounts to 58,800 rubles.

Who can receive a subsidy?

This form of the 2018 small business start-up subsidy provided by the Employment Center is intended exclusively for unemployed citizens who want to start their own business and thus ensure their own self-employment. Persons who:

Have a passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
Have reached the age of majority;
Registered with the local health center;
Are officially unemployed for more than a month;
They were not able to get a job in the areas proposed by the Center for Health Care.

Persons under the age of majority;
University students on a full-time basis;
Citizens receiving a retirement pension;
Persons with a criminal record;
Unemployed, dismissed by court order;
Unemployed, dismissed for any violation of labor discipline;
Citizens who violate the rules established by the TsZN;
Entrepreneurs who ceased operations less than 6 months ago.

How to receive

How to get money for business 2018 from the state for free? First of all, you need to contact the local Employment Center and provide its employees with the following package of documents:

Passport with registration mark;
Personal work book;
Certificate of pension insurance;
Certificate of issuance of TIN;
Certificate of income received at the previous place of work;
Diploma of secondary special or higher education.

After registration, the candidate will be offered several vacancies. Of course, you need to pass these interviews in such a way as to get a refusal in employment. After a month, a now officially unemployed citizen can proceed to the second stage of creating his business with the help of the state. For this you should:

Get a consultation from an employee of the Center about the availability of subsidy programs;
Pass an entrepreneurial skills test;
Write an application for participation in the self-employment program;
Draw up a business plan for the project;
Submit an application and a plan to the relevant department of the Health Center;
Expect consideration of the application by the commission within 10 days;
If necessary - to defend the project before the commission;
After obtaining approval, conclude a subsidizing agreement with the EPC;
Register an individual entrepreneur and open a current account.

The subsidy for starting a business is free of charge. Therefore, the Employment Center strictly controls the expediency of spending funds on certain projects. In order to receive assistance from the state, a novice businessman must draw up a high-quality business plan and defend it before the commission: at the same time, not only the social benefit and profitability of the enterprise are important, but also the applicant’s personality, self-confidence, knowledge, and understanding of the essence of entrepreneurship.

Special purpose

This form of financial assistance to small businesses from the state in 2018 involves the targeted spending of funds exclusively to meet basic production needs:

Rent and repair of industrial premises;
Ensuring the supply of raw materials;
Purchase of a license (if necessary);
Acquisition of technological equipment;
Organization of jobs for hired employees;
Purchase of software.

Within three months after the transfer of assistance to the account of the enterprise, the businessman must report to the CZN on the use of the subsidy by providing checks, invoices, receipts or other financial documents. If violations of the established procedure are found, the state has the right to demand a refund.

Business development grant

The subsidy for the development of small businesses in 2018 is a gratuitous material assistance allocated by the state as an incentive for the implementation of projects that are interesting and useful to society. Thus, it is possible to formulate the main condition for receiving a grant: the presented idea must solve some social problem and benefit not only the entrepreneur, but also ordinary citizens. These businesses are financed by:

SME Development Committee;
Committee for Economic Development and Investment Activities;
Committee on Industrial Policy and Innovation;
Local governments;
Foundation for Assistance to the Development of Enterprises in the Scientific and Technical Sphere.

Who can receive a subsidy?

The most important restrictions for an entrepreneur applying for are the volume of turnover and the number of employees in his company, since only SMEs that do not exceed the limits established by law can receive money for the development of small businesses from the state in 2018. When listing other characteristics of a candidate, the following should be mentioned:

The company has been in existence for at least 12 months;
The main activity is the production of goods and services in one of the priority sectors for subsidizing;
The credit history of a businessman does not raise questions from the commission;
The company has no debts on tax, pension and insurance payments;
The entrepreneur is ready to invest his own funds in the business (this share for different regions varies between 15-30% of the total project cost).

How to receive

You need to find the nearest regional branch of the Committee for the Development of SMEs. Further, by a personal appeal to its employees, it is necessary to clarify the requirements for candidates and projects, the rules for drawing up a business plan and applications for participation in the competition. Finally, you can start collecting the necessary documents, the list of which includes:

Developed business plan;
Passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
Certificate of registration of the enterprise;
Constituent documents (if any);
Application for participation in the competition;
Extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities / EGRIP;
Notification from Rosstat;
Certificate from the Federal Tax Service on the absence of tax debts;
Certificates from other funds (PFR, FSS) on the absence of debt;
Evidence that the enterprise belongs to the SMME (certificates on the size of the annual turnover and the average number of employees).

The amount of state assistance also depends on the region: for example, in Moscow or St. Petersburg, an entrepreneur can claim 500 thousand rubles, while in Kazan or Chelyabinsk the upper limit of subsidies is set at 300 thousand rubles. To increase the likelihood of receiving a grant, it is necessary to take into account that:

In the business plan, it is necessary to consider in detail the tasks that the enterprise can solve with the help of additional financing, and the goals for which public funds will be directed;
You should not initially indicate inflated amounts in the application or adjust the business plan to the size of the grant;
Original and non-standard designs are more likely to succeed;
The subsidy for the development of small businesses in 2018 is transferred to the enterprise's account in stages: after the development of each tranche, a report on the use of funds must be submitted to the fund. In addition, the entrepreneur must pay income tax on the amount received from the grant.

Special purpose

The money received is allowed to be spent exclusively for the purposes specified in the business plan; no changes or deviations are allowed in this case. Moreover, the funds should be directed only to the purchase of fixed assets directly involved in the production process. For this reason, the state subsidy for business 2018 cannot be used to partially or fully reimburse expenses for such items as:

Purchase of real estate, furniture, consumer electronic appliances;
Design, construction and repair of capital structures;
Purchase of a car;
Payment of wages;
Purchase of licenses, payment of entrance fees to the SRO;
Formation of the authorized capital;
Printing of promotional products.

Subsidy for equipment upgrades

Not all 2018 small business support programs implemented by the SME Support Committee are designed exclusively for start-up businessmen. For example, enterprises that have been operating for a long time can reimburse up to 50% of the costs associated with the modernization of equipment, the purchase of more productive machines or production lines, provided that the amount of the subsidy does not exceed 5 million rubles.

Who can receive a subsidy?

Of course, among the applicants and in this case, a competition is necessarily held. SMEs that meet the following requirements are allowed to participate in it:

In relation to the enterprise, procedures for closing, bankruptcy, reorganization or other actions restricting activities are not carried out;
The entrepreneur has no debt to the state;
Wages are paid on time and in full;
The salary of employees is not lower than the minimum in the region;
The company paid the supplier the cost of the equipment in full;
The state this year did not allocate funds to the company for modernization.

Foreign enterprises and domestic firms, in whose capital the share of foreign co-owners exceeds 50%, cannot apply for a subsidy.

How to receive

In order to take part in the competition for the provision of financial assistance to entrepreneurs from the state in 2018, it is necessary to prepare and submit to the commission a package of documents confirming the spending of funds. It includes:

Application for granting small business subsidies in 2018.

Annexes to the application, including full information about the applicant:

Name of the enterprise or information about the individual entrepreneur, place of registration, areas of activity;
Financial indicators - the volume of turnover, the amount of profit and tax payments, the average number of employees and their wages;
The list of measures for the effective development of the subsidy - the number of jobs created, the increase in revenue.

Evidence of the fact of legitimate acquisition of equipment and mechanisms:

Purchase and sale agreement and act of acceptance;
Inventory card of accounting of fixed assets;
Technical passport or instruction manual;
Evidence that the supplier is a manufacturer, official dealer or distributor of the specified type of equipment;
Receipts, invoices or other documents confirming the expenditure of funds for the purchase and installation of equipment.

The Commission publishes in advance the dates of acceptance and consideration of applications. Decision-making takes no more than five working days, and in the process of choosing the winner, attention is paid to indicators of the social and economic efficiency of the project, including:

The ratio of the number of disabled people to the total number of employees;
The presence of an innovative component in the activities of the applicant;
The number of contracts concluded with buyers for the supply of products;
Increasing wages for employees;
Growth of proceeds from the sale of products of own production;
Creation of new jobs.

A necessary condition for the allocation of assistance is the creation of at least one job when receiving 1-2 million rubles, and at least two - with subsidies in the amount of more than 2 million rubles. Besides:

Reimbursement of expenses for the purchase of equipment is possible only under one contract;
Purchased equipment cannot be sold, leased or transferred to anyone under a leasing agreement within three years after receiving a subsidy;
To reimburse part of the costs, the contract for the supply of equipment must be concluded no more than two years ago.

Special purpose

Only the modernization of equipment intended for the production of goods is financed from the state budget; businessmen who receive income from the provision of services are not eligible for such support for small businesses in 2018. In addition, the tender commission considering applications focuses on the fact that:

The purchased equipment must be directly involved in the production process;
The equipment must be brand new, without traces of operation;
You can buy equipment or a production line only from the manufacturer, official dealer or distributor;
The equipment must belong to at least the second depreciation group with a period of effective operation of more than two years.

Subsidy for business registration

Any novice entrepreneur who wants to save money on registering his IP has to pay at least a state duty in the amount of 800 rubles and the services of a notary who certifies copies of documents. Printing is also often required, which is theoretically optional but desirable when dealing with clients and suppliers. Moreover, when registering an LLC, there are much more documents, and the fee is already 4,000 rubles: it is obvious that many would prefer to compensate for such expenses in the early stages of business development.

This issue is also dealt with by the Center for Employment of the Population, which, as a reimbursement for the costs of legalizing an enterprise, pays a subsidy to the entrepreneur in the amount of up to 20,000 rubles. To receive it, an unemployed citizen must:

Register with the CC. To do this, you will need a passport, TIN, personal pension certificate, work book and diploma;
Fill out documents. It is necessary to register, obtain the status of an unemployed person, write an application for participation in the state small business support program 2018, and also conclude an agreement with the Center on the provision of subsidies;
Confirm the desire to create a business. Among the possible activities, it is worth mentioning taking entrepreneurship training courses at the Employment Center, psychological testing, attending seminars;
Register an enterprise. You need to contact the Federal Tax Service, fill out the documents and receive a certificate of registration of SPD;
Submit confirmation to the CC. It is necessary to provide the Employment Center with certificates of registration and registration, as well as documents confirming expenses - a receipt for payment of state duty, paid invoices from a consultant, a notary and a seal manufacturer.

Many beginners confuse compensation for registration costs with a subsidy of 58,800 rubles for starting a business. Meanwhile, the first is due to all entrepreneurs, regardless of the direction of their activities, while the second is paid only according to the results of the selection for the implementation of promising projects from the state's point of view.

Reasons for refusing assistance

Unfortunately, even an applicant who fully meets the requirements of the competition commission is sometimes refused when applying for help. The main reasons why entrepreneurs are left without state support are listed below:

The applicant does not have experience in the relevant industry;
The entrepreneur has a negative credit history or has committed any violations of the rules for the use of subsidies provided to him in the past;
A field of activity has been selected that is not subject to subsidies - gambling, production of excisable goods, mining, investment, insurance or other work with clients' funds;
An excessive or unreasonable amount of funding has been requested;
The business plan does not indicate changes in the amount of income and expenses after the granting of a subsidy for IP in 2018, does not reflect the economic efficiency and social significance of the project;
It is impossible to check the targeted spending of funds, since the project does not define the directions for spending financial assistance.

Conclusion

A novice entrepreneur should take into account that the new legislation is expected to change the procedure for providing assistance to already existing enterprises. Unlike, in 2018, subsidies will be allocated as reimbursement for actual expenses incurred. Simply put, the company must first raise its own funds or obtain a loan, purchase the required equipment, and then apply and expect compensation.

Fortunately, this inconvenience is compensated by a fairly simple procedure for obtaining a subsidy: you just need to take a good idea, draw up a competent business plan based on it with the necessary emphasis on the social importance of the project, fulfill the requirements of the organization providing assistance, and then correctly use this necessary one at any stage of entrepreneurial activity. ways of support.
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In each region of our country there are programs that provide various subsidies, compensations, benefits and other types of assistance. What forms of state support for entrepreneurs exist and how to use them? We will talk about this in our article.

To date, the most popular programs to help small businesses are:

business start-up subsidy for the unemployed;
business development subsidy for start-up entrepreneurs;
surety under credit and leasing agreements;
compensation of part of the interest on loans;
reimbursement of part of the costs under the leasing agreement;
issuance of loans at reduced rates;
reimbursement of expenses for participation in exhibitions and fairs;
tax incentives for start-ups and existing entrepreneurs.

Let's consider all these types of state support in more detail.

Start-up subsidy for the unemployed

If you are unemployed and want to try your hand at business, at first you can be helped by a subsidy from the employment center in the amount of 58,800 rubles. This type of state assistance is provided to unemployed citizens free of charge. In order to receive a subsidy, you need to contact the employment service at the place of residence, register for unemployment, write and defend a business plan. In some employment centers, you will additionally need to undergo a short training in the basics of entrepreneurship and psychological testing.

It is best if your future business will have a social focus and you will create one or more jobs. For example, you will be engaged in the manufacture of folk art products. Business ideas related to the production or sale of alcohol, the opening of a pawnshop, network marketing are not accepted for consideration. After defending the business plan before the commission and if it is approved, you enter into an agreement with the employment center to receive a subsidy. Please note that an individual entrepreneur or LLC should be registered only after the conclusion of the contract. It is necessary to follow this procedure, since the contract is concluded with you as an unemployed person, and not as an entrepreneur or legal entity.

Registration costs are also reimbursed by the state. Reimbursement is transferred after the fact, that is, you must pay for registration at your own expense, and then submit documents on payment to the employment center.

The amount of the subsidy may increase if you hire one or more unemployed people who are also registered in this employment center (+58,800 for each employee hired). This program is for sole proprietors only.

Within three months of receiving the grant, you must confirm that the funds have been spent in accordance with the approved business plan. If your business “holds on” for less than a year, the money will have to be returned to the state.

Subsidy for start-up entrepreneurs

For business development, you can get a more significant amount - 300,000 rubles (500,000 rubles for Moscow entrepreneurs). In order for you to be provided with such a subsidy, at least a year must pass from the date of registration of your individual entrepreneur or LLC. The money is issued after the defense of the business project, but on the terms of co-financing, that is, you invest 50-70% of your own funds, and the state compensates for the rest of your business development costs. You can spend the subsidy on the purchase of equipment, equipping jobs, purchasing raw materials, paying rent. Another condition for granting a subsidy is that your company does not owe taxes and insurance premiums. Irrevocable loans are most often issued to entrepreneurs who carry out socially important activities - they are engaged in consumer services, work in the field of education, healthcare, etc. For the spent public funds will need to report in detail. You can find out all the details in local governments or business support funds in your region.

Guarantee under credit and leasing agreements

Almost every region has guarantee funds that can become guarantors when an entrepreneur issues a loan or concludes an agreement with a leasing company. Such a guarantee is an additional advantage when obtaining a loan. For the service, the fund will have to pay 1.5-2% of the guarantee amount, which, as a rule, is 30-70% of the loan amount.

How to use the Guarantee Fund:

Find out the requirements for borrowers on the fund's website or by phone.
If you meet them, then specify which banks are partners of the fund. Select the bank you would like to borrow from.
When contacting the bank, indicate that you would like the Guarantee Fund to act as your guarantor.
If your loan application is approved by the bank, then together with the bank you need to prepare documents and an application to the guarantee fund.
If the fund decides positively, a tripartite guarantee agreement is drawn up.
You receive a loan and pay for the services of the guarantee fund.

The Guarantee Fund must be located in the same region where your business is registered.

Compensation of part of interest on loans

If you have taken a loan for business development in one of the Russian banks, you can compensate for part of the interest on the loan at the expense of the state. The amount of the subsidy depends on the current refinancing rate and the size of the loan. This type of support is valid in almost all regions and covers most activities.

Reimbursement of part of the costs under the leasing agreement

Another popular type of government assistance to small businesses is the compensation of part of the payments under leasing agreements. If you lease production equipment or vehicles, then you have the opportunity to return part of the funds. The maximum amount differs depending on the region: for example, in Moscow it is up to 5 million rubles. For more information, contact your local small business development department or business support funds in your area.

Issuance of loans at reduced rates

In many subjects of the Russian Federation, there are microfinance programs for small businesses that enable entrepreneurs to receive loans and short-term loans on favorable terms. As a rule, the loan amount is from 10 thousand to 1 million rubles for a period of 1-3 years. The interest rate varies from 8 to 10%. Some regions provide loans at a lower rate - 5% to entrepreneurs who work in the manufacturing or agricultural sector, provide household services, that is, are engaged in socially significant activities. In some cases, you can get a larger amount - up to 5 million for a longer period - up to 5 years.

To get a loan, contact the business support fund in your region. There you will be told what requirements the borrower must meet, what documents and possibly collateral are required to obtain a loan. Based on the documents and collateral provided, the fund's specialists will make a decision on issuing or refusing to issue a loan.

Reimbursement of expenses for participation in exhibitions and fairs

This type of state support for small businesses will allow you to reduce the cost of participating in exhibitions and fairs, that is, take the opportunity to present your product to a wide audience, find customers and partners, and exchange experiences. The state can pay two-thirds of your participation in such events - rent and delivery of equipment, registration fee. Travel, accommodation and food expenses are not reimbursed. The grant is granted once during the current financial year. The amount of the subsidy is from 25,000 to 300,000 rubles, depending on the region.

Tax incentives for start-ups and existing entrepreneurs

From January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2020, the regions have the right to set a zero tax rate for 2 years for first-time registered individual entrepreneurs. This applies to entrepreneurs on the "imputation" and the patent, who work in the industrial, social, domestic or scientific fields. For example, in 2016, "tax holidays" operate in the Bryansk, Voronezh, Kostroma, Kursk, Lipetsk, Moscow, Omsk, Tula and many other regions.

Also, since 2016, as anti-crisis measures to support small businesses, in some regions there are reduced tax rates for entrepreneurs on the simplified tax system - from 1% and UTII - from 7.5%.

Other forms of state support for small businesses

In all regions of our country, training and advanced training of small businesses is carried out, which includes a variety of trainings, seminars, conferences. Professional accountants, lawyers and other specialists will advise you on any questions that inevitably arise both for beginners and those who have already been doing business for more than one year. These services are provided free of charge.

How can I find out about support measures in my city?

A detailed description of support measures can be found in the SME Business Navigator, a free resource for entrepreneurs. Here is a database of all state and municipal organizations that support small and medium-sized businesses in your region.

If after reading the article you still have any questions, ask them in the comments.

What specific measures of state support can a person who has opened his own business count on?

Subsidies from the employment center

If you are just planning to open your own business, then the first thing you need to know about is the existence of a special program of the Ministry of Economic Development to provide subsidies to small and medium-sized businesses at the regional level. Within the framework of this program, the employment center provides one-time financial assistance in starting their own business.

The amount is provided in the amount of 12 times the maximum unemployment benefit. Previously, it was 58,800 rubles. (assuming that the amount of unemployment benefit was 4900 rubles). However, from January 1, 2019, the maximum allowance will increase from 4900 rubles. up to 8,000 rubles, so the amount of the subsidy may increase. It also provides for one-time financial assistance for the preparation of documents: payment of state duty, performance of notarial acts during state registration, purchase of blank documentation, production of seals, stamps, legal services, consultations. So, for example, in the Moscow region, financial assistance for the preparation of documents is 7,500 rubles.

The subsidy from the employment center is available to citizens who have reached the age of 18. But in order to receive it, they need to register with the employment center, that is, have the status of an unemployed person and receive benefits. It is also worth considering that not everyone is given subsidies, since there are a limited number of them, and they are issued at the beginning of the financial year (you need to try to get in the right period). About these and other subtleties Vasily Puchkov, Deputy Director of the Regional Center for Support of the Olympiad Movement.

Grant Support

Such a measure of state support is usually provided by regional authorities. The grant is provided to a start-up entrepreneur in the form of a lump-sum subsidy, on an irrevocable and gratuitous basis. The maximum amount, as a rule, is 600,000 rubles. But depending on the region, the conditions for obtaining grants may differ. Therefore, it is better to find out all the details on the spot. Money is allocated to those whose applications have passed the competitive selection. Among the selection criteria are the scope of the business, the amount of revenue, the number of jobs, etc.

In 2019, novice farmers can still count on special support from the state. The amount of the grant under the program "Support for Beginning Farmers" can reach 3 million rubles. This amount, for example, is received by novice livestock farmers in the Moscow region if they specialize in cattle breeding, and 1.5 million rubles each. provided to farms operating in other areas. A farm that receives such a grant must create at least one job for every 1 million rubles. grant.

In Tatarstan, for 2019, the amount of grant support under the Beginning Farmer program will be higher - it will amount to 5 million rubles. instead of the previous 3 million. So the conditions and amounts should be clarified in each case.

In addition, there are grants in the amount of up to 30 million rubles. for the development of family livestock farms.

In St. Petersburg, since 2015, the program “Support for Social Entrepreneurship” has been implemented, under which the costs associated with the payment of rental payments and the purchase of equipment are reimbursed: rent of buildings, non-residential premises, rental of equipment and purchase of equipment.

In addition, a program has been developed in St. Petersburg to support entrepreneurs who create children's centers; a program to support handicraft entrepreneurs, and other programs.

To learn more about how to receive grants and subsidies, visit official government websites that provide information on business support measures. So, for example, on the website of the Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Tatarstan, all areas of state support are described in detail. For the Moscow region, such information is provided by the website of the Center for Entrepreneurship Development of the Moscow Region. The Kuban Small Business website provides a detailed list of subsidies for entrepreneurs working in southern Russia.

It will be easier if you use the search in the "Support for SMEs in the regions" section on the Federal portal of small and medium-sized businesses. Just specify the region in the search - and you will be automatically transferred to the "local" portal of small and medium-sized businesses.

On the website of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, you can use the list of authorized bodies to support small and medium-sized businesses in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Federal business support programs

This type of business support can be divided into programs from:

Ministry of Economic Development of Russia

His area of interest extends to the implementation of the program for the provision of subsidies from the federal budget to provide state support to SMEs in the regions (in accordance with and annually issued orders of the Ministry of Economic Development).

Funds are distributed on a competitive basis between the regions and are allocated for activities provided for by regional programs, but on the condition that the costs are co-financed by the regions.

The program of the Ministry of Economic Development provides for direct and indirect support measures that can be counted on by those who are engaged in the production of goods, develop and implement innovative products, specialize in folk art crafts, carry out handicraft activities, promote rural and ecotourism, and develop social entrepreneurship.

SME corporations

This organization deals with a variety of tasks, including financial, property, legal, infrastructural, methodological support; organizes various types of support for investment projects, etc.

JSC "SME Bank"

More information about support programs and the conditions on the basis of which you can apply for government assistance in business development can be found on the regional portals of small and medium-sized businesses. For example, the Ryazan portal provides detailed information on types, forms, and support infrastructure.

Subsidies for reimbursement of interest on loans

A business can count on compensation for the cost of paying interest on loans received from credit institutions for the support and development of activities, including the renewal of fixed assets (with the exception of loans received for the purchase of passenger vehicles).

The conditions for obtaining a subsidy must be clarified in the regions. For example, in Moscow they are as follows:

the organization meets the criteria of an SME entity;
the organization or individual entrepreneur is registered and operates on the territory of Moscow, and the duration of registration is at least 6 months before the date of filing an application for a subsidy;
the period of overdue debt on taxes, fees and other obligatory payments on the day of filing the application does not exceed one month;
there are no pending contracts for the provision of subsidies from the budget of the city of Moscow on the day of application;
there are no violations of contractual obligations secured at the expense of the budget of the city of Moscow;
there is a loan agreement with a credit institution included in the list of credit institutions selected in accordance with the established procedure by the Federal Corporation for the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises JSC, and which has entered into a cooperation agreement with the Department of Science, Industrial Policy and Entrepreneurship of the City of Moscow, or has received the approval of a credit organizations for loans.

In 2019, the state will allocate 7.2 billion rubles to banks. on preferential loans for entrepreneurs, thus increasing budget subsidies for the program of preferential loans for small businesses in priority sectors by 11 times. This is provided for in the draft federal budget for 2019 and subsequent 2020-2021. The total amount of expenses for the next 6 years will amount to 190.9 billion rubles.

The proposal is to issue loans to small and medium-sized businesses for projects in priority sectors at a rate of 6.5%. It will apply to industries such as agriculture, construction, transport, communications, tourism, manufacturing, electricity, gas and water production, healthcare, collection, processing and disposal of waste, industries that implement priority areas for the development of science and technology. and technology.

According to the rules, the difference with market rates (3.1% for a loan agreement for medium-sized businesses and 3.5% for small businesses) is reimbursed by the budget to banks. In 2019, thanks to innovations, concessional lending will be carried out for more than 200 billion rubles.

Small Business Support: Changes in 2019

In the summer of 2018, the President signed, which expands property support for small and medium-sized businesses. This law establishes an indefinite right to purchase leased state and municipal property and the possibility of using land plots when providing property support to SMEs.

Also, shortly before 2019, Government Decree dated 10.10.2018 No. 1212 was presented. The document amends the rules for granting subsidies from the federal budget to credit institutions to compensate for their lost income on loans issued to SMEs at a reduced rate.

According to the document, the maximum amount of a loan granted to an SME for investment purposes at a preferential rate has been reduced from 1 billion rubles. up to 400 million rubles But the maximum size of the total amount of loans that can be issued to one borrower is still 1 billion rubles. The changes were made to enable banks to lend to more SMEs.

In addition, it is important to mention Government Decree No. 2586-r dated November 26, 2018, which refers to a draft federal law amending Art. 25 of the Federal Law "On the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation". This bill has been prepared for the implementation of the national project "Small and Medium Enterprises and Support for Individual Entrepreneurial Initiatives", which provides for expanding the access of SMEs to financial resources, including concessional financing.

When the draft law is adopted, the guarantee support provided by SME Corporation JSC to SMEs will be expanded. This will affect companies operating in high-tech industries, start-ups, agricultural cooperatives, fast-growing innovative companies and SMEs implementing projects in the Far Eastern and North Caucasian Federal Districts and in single-industry towns.