The wind blew merrily. Simple and compound sentences

53. Read. Where are commas missing? Explain your answer.

      The wind is blowing on the sea
      And the boat is pushing.
      (A. Pushkin)

      Autumn winds blow
      In a gloomy oak forest.
      (N. Karamzin)

    The wind blew merrily
    All the trees shook.
    (A. Leontiev)

    The wind drives the clouds
    The wind groans in the pipes.
    (G. Ladonshchikov)

  • What topic can unite all the proposals? Determine the type of each sentence: is it simple or complex?
  • Write down simple sentences with homogeneous members. Put commas where necessary. Underline the main clauses in the sentences.
  • 54. Read. Where are commas missing?

    1. Prokr..chala oriole clicked in the bushes with..l..vey.
    2. Large drops of rain z..knocked z..slapped and on the leaves..pits.
    3. With a sharp beak, a woodpecker hammers a tree..roar..I and extracts bugs and larvae from under the bark.
    4. The cook was cooking.
    5. An owl hunts not during the day, but at night..yu.
    6. The morning was frosty, but the puddles did not freeze.
    • First write out simple sentences with homogeneous members, and then complex sentences. Put commas where necessary and insert missing letters into words.
    • Explain the use of commas in sentences.

    55. Read the beginning of the sentences. Come up with their continuation so that at first you get a simple sentence with homogeneous members, and then a complex sentence.

    1. I came to a friend...
    2. The cloud ran ....
    3. Dog Polkan... .
    • Write down any pair of sentences. Explain the placement of punctuation marks in them.

    56. Read. Title the text.

    Cat Epifan and the old man often went fishing together. The old man was fishing, and Epifan was sitting next to him. The old man always gave the small fish to the cat.

    One day the old man pulled a ruff out of the water and handed it to the cat. But there is no Epifan. Where did he go? The old man saw a cat far away on rafts.

    The fisherman came up and was surprised. The cat lies on a log, lowered its paw into the water. Here, a flock of fishes are swimming, and the cat will pick up one fish with its claws and eat it.

    Now the cat and the fisherman are fishing separately. The cat fishes with a paw with claws, and the fisherman with a fishing rod with a hook.

    (E. Charushin)

    • Determine the type of text, topic and main idea.
    • Find in the text simple sentences with homogeneous members and complex sentences. How did you distinguish between them? Explain the placement of commas in them.
    • Prepare to write a summary of this text (see Handout 2).

    Letskikh L.A.
    primary school teacher
    MAOU secondary school №21, Kungur
    Russian language lesson in grade 4 on the topic: “How to distinguish a complex sentence from a simple sentence with
    homogeneous members? EMC "School of Russia"
    Lesson type
    Pedagogically
    e tasks
    Planned
    subject
    results
    metasubject
    th UUD
    Mastering new material
    Create conditions for familiarization with the role of the unions "and", "a", "but" in a complex sentence and in a simple sentence with
    homogeneous members; improve the ability to put commas in a complex sentence with unions, make
    schemes of simple and complex sentences; promote the development of students' speech, the formation of skills
    develop their own opinion on the basis of comprehension of various experiences, ideas and ideas, the ability to
    independent analytical and evaluation work with information of any complexity; promote education
    interest
    to the Russian language, the culture of educational work in the classroom
    Get acquainted with the role of the unions "and", "a", "but" in a complex sentence and in a simple sentence with homogeneous
    members; learn to recognize simple sentences with homogeneous members and complex sentences; use
    complex sentences in oral and written speech; match sentence schemes and sentences corresponding to
    these schemes; make complex sentences from given simple sentences
    Cognitive: to analyze the studied facts of the language with the allocation of their distinctive features, to implement
    synthesis as a compilation of a whole from parts (under the guidance of a teacher); draw conclusions as a result of joint work
    class and teacher; to bring the linguistic fact under the concepts of different levels of generalization (the subject and the word denoting
    item; words denoting natural phenomena, school supplies, etc.); regulatory: use when
    performing tasks reference books and dictionaries; determine independently evaluation criteria, give self-assessment;
    to express their assumptions about the ways of solving the educational problem; evaluate together with the teacher or
    classmates the result of their actions, make appropriate adjustments; communicative: performing
    different roles in the group, cooperate in the joint solution of the problem (task); defend your point of view
    following the rules of speech etiquette; justify your point of view with the help of facts and additional
    information; participate in the work of the group, distribute roles, negotiate with each other; foresee the consequences
    collective decisions
    Personal Consciously prepare for the lessons of the Russian language, complete assignments, formulate your questions and assignments for

    results
    classmates; use forms of self-assessment and mutual assessment in the lesson

    O r g a n i z a t i o n n a n d struc ture of the lesson
    Lesson stage
    The content of the teacher's activity
    The content of the student's activity
    (actions taken)
    1
    II.
    Updating
    I am knowledge.
    Examination
    homemade
    tasks
    (working
    notebook).
    minute
    calligraphy.
    2
    3
    Checks homework. Conducts a conversation
    about the work done.
    – Read task 51. Read the simple
    sentence and compound sentence that you
    made up.
    - List the basics of complex sentences.
    Answer the teacher's questions. Tell about
    work done at home. Read compiled
    offers. Name the basics of complex
    offers. (See RM, Appendix 2.)
    Perform cleansing.
    ℓ ℓ ℓ
    ℓ ℓ ℓ
    u a n o a n o u
    An elder bush grew nearby, and on it sat
    young sparrows.
    Spends a minute cleaning.
    Can these letters be words?
    How are these words called in grammar?
    (Unions.)
    When do we use conjunctions in our speech?
    – Calligraphically and correctly write
    offer.
    - Analyze the proposal by composition. Compose
    scheme. What can we say about this offer?
    How are simple sentences connected?
    yourself? (Conjunction "and".)
    What is the punctuation mark before the conjunction "and"?
    - When do we not put a comma before the union "and"?
    Formed
    ways
    activities
    student
    4
    nominate
    hypothesis and
    substantiate
    her.
    Realize
    updating
    personal
    vital
    experience. Be able to
    listen in
    According to
    target
    installation.
    Accept and
    keep
    learning goal
    and task.
    To complement,
    clarify
    expressed
    me
    according to
    merits
    received
    tasks

    1
    Work on
    words with
    unverifiable
    m spelling
    III.
    Message
    lesson topics.
    Definition
    lesson objectives
    2
    3
    4
    Continuation of the table.
    Organize word work
    unverifiable spelling.
    - Guess the riddles:
    Orange's younger brother
    Because it's small.
    (Mandarin.)
    He looks like a red ball,
    Only now it does not rush galloping.
    It contains a useful vitamin.
    This is a ripe ... (orange).
    Growing under the scorching sun
    Golden ... (apricot).
    – Read the words according to the arrows and explain them
    spelling.
    - Make one sentence using all
    four vocabulary words.
    - Why is this proposal interesting?
    - Put punctuation marks
    Asking questions. Commenting on answers
    proposes to formulate the purpose of the lesson
    Draw up a complex sentence.
    [ = - ], and [ = - ].
    Dictionary words are read by the arrows: "orange",
    "apricot", "harvest", "tangerine".
    Compose and write proposals.
    (See RM, Appendix 3.)
    - This is a sentence with homogeneous members
    Discuss the topic of the lesson. Answering questions
    state the purpose of the lesson. Under the direction of
    teachers determine the objectives of the lesson: do not confuse
    compound sentences and simple sentences
    homogeneous members, correctly write complex
    sentences and punctuation
    Accept
    and save
    learning goal
    and task

    Continuation of the table.
    1
    IV.
    Explanation
    new
    material.
    Observation
    over linguistic
    material.
    Job
    according to the textbook
    (exercise
    53)
    V. Primary
    consolidation
    knowledge.
    independent
    naya work.
    2
    3
    Organizes work on the topic of the lesson. Explains
    new material, answers students' questions.
    How can simple sentences be combined into
    complex?
    – Read. Where are commas missing? Explain
    your answer. (Comma omitted from the sentence
    "The wind drives the clouds, the wind howls in the pipes." This
    complex proposal.
    - What theme can unite everything
    offers? (Theme "Wind".)
    – Determine the type of each sentence: simple
    or complex.
    – Write down simple sentences with homogeneous
    members. Put commas where necessary. underline
    main members in sentences
    Asking questions. Commenting and correcting
    answers. Supervises student work.
    Helps, checks if necessary
    answers. Comment on the decision.
    Organizes independent work.
    - Choose 2-3 schemes and make them
    sentences on the theme "Leaf fall". Do not forget,
    that names make our speech beautiful
    adjectives. What are the leaves in autumn? (gold,
    multi-colored, carved.)
    “Now get on with the task.”
    Deduce linguistic patterns that lie in
    the basis of the concept or rule being studied.
    Analyze the wording of the rule (concept),
    given in the textbook. Conducting observations on
    related text material.
    Write down simple sentences. They put
    missing commas. Emphasize the main
    sentence members.
    The wind on the sea walks and the boat drives.
    Autumn winds blow in the gloomy oak forest.
    The wind rushed merrily, shook all the trees.
    Perform didactic exercises
    questions and express their opinion. Apply
    new knowledge on new language material.
    Do analytical exercises. Participate
    in discussions on the topic.
    Make proposals according to these schemes.
    4
    Realize
    analysis
    objects with
    relying on
    visualization
    Consciously and
    arbitrarily
    build
    speech
    statement
    in oral
    form,
    substantiate
    your opinion.
    agree
    efforts to
    decision
    educational

    Continuation of the table.
    4
    tasks.
    Number of points
    Negotiate with
    I
    and come
    to the general
    opinion at
    working in pairs.
    Consider
    neighbor's opinion
    by party.
    Realize
    control
    by result
    3
    Scheme
    ].
    1 point
    2 points
    2 points
    2 points
    3 points
    3 points
    3 points
    During the test, the responding student calls
    number of the scheme and read out the proposal, and
    rest
    check and show with signal cards,
    whether the proposal matches the scheme.
    They work in pairs.
    Prepare an oral story on the topic “What do I know about
    complex sentence" according to the plan.
    1
    2
    Conducts self-assessment.
    - How many points did you manage to score?
    - Say the number of the scheme and read out the most
     and ].
    interesting offer.
    And
    - Pay attention to schemes 2-5. Why in the scheme
    And
    5 before the union "and" is a comma, and in the rest
    no cases? (A comma is placed if
    the sentence is complex, as she shares
    write two simple sentences.)
    [ – =], and [ = – ].
    [ – =], and [ = – ].
    [ – =], but [ = – ].
    ]
    Work in
    steam.
    Organize work in pairs.
    - Prepare in pairs a coherent story on the topic
    "What I Know About Compound Sentence". Build
    your story will help you plan. Don't forget that
    every thought must be confirmed
    example.
    Plan of oral communication:
    1. What sentence is called complex? How
    to distinguish it from a simple one?
    2. How the parts can be related
    complex sentence?
    3. What do the unions “and”, “a”, “but”, and how do they
    differ?

    1
    2
    3
    4
    Continuation of the table.
    4. Statement and role of a comma in a complex
    offer.
    5. What you need to remember in order not to make a mistake in
    placing a comma in a complex sentence with
    unions "and", "a", "but" and in a sentence with
    homogeneous members?
    – Read. Where are commas missing?
    - First write simple sentences with
    homogeneous members, and then complex
    offers.
    - Put commas where necessary and define
    what letters are missing in the words.
    - Explain the placement of commas in sentences
    Organize work in a workbook.
    - Read an excerpt from the poem.
    Fedorovskaya. Insert the missing letters and
    commas.
    - Which of the given schemes is suitable for the first
    offer and why? Circle the number of this
    scheme
    in a circle. (See RM, Appendix 5, 6.)
    Job
    according to the textbook
    (exercise
    nie 54)
    VI.
    Further
    Job
    By
    consolidation
    and generalization
    purchased
    knowledge and
    skills.
    Work in tet
    for the sake of
    nie 52)
    They write out simple ones, and then complex ones.
    offers. Insert missing letters and
    commas.
    Perform a sound-letter analysis of the word "lunch".
    (See RM, Appendix 4.)
    Complete the task in the workbook: insert
    missing letters and commas.
    (See RM, Appendix 7.)
    Realize
    analysis for the purpose
    finding
    compliance
    given
    standard.
    formulated
    your opinion
    and position

    2
    3
    1
    VII. Outcome
    lesson.
    Reflection
    homemade
    exercise
    Organizes evaluation of performance results
    assignments in the lesson. Encourages children to evaluate
    work in the classroom by filling out a self-assessment table.
    Conducts discussions on:
    What was the most interesting thing for you during the lesson?
    - What did you learn at the lesson?
    What is a complex sentence? Like him
    distinguish from simple
    How do parts of a complex fit together?
    offers?
    - Does the setting of a comma depend on which
    it is the union that connects the parts of the complex
    offers?
    - Did you enjoy the lesson? Rate
    myself
    Speaks and explains homework.
    Formulates the tasks of the exercise,
    gives related comments.
    - Complete task 53 in the workbook,
    exercise 55 in the textbook
    The end of the table.
    4
    Realize
    self-control
    educational
    activities
    They answer questions. Define their
    emotional state in the classroom. Spend
    self-esteem, reflection. Speak out the goal
    lesson, determine whether the result is achieved or not,
    talk about the difficulties that
    encountered in class.
    The statements continue:
    I managed…
    I learned…
    Today in class I was able to...
    Lesson taught me for life...
    For the lesson I...
    Listen carefully, ask clarifying questions
    questions
    be aware
    accept,
    keep
    educational
    tasks
    Annex 1
    Check readiness for the lesson. General setting for the lesson. Greeting students.
    Let's check the readiness for the lesson.
    Organization of the beginning of the lesson

    A text is a statement consisting of two or more sentences. The sentences in the text are united by a common theme and are related to each other in meaning. The text can be titled.

    The topic of a text is who or what the text is about.

    The main idea of ​​the text is the main thing that the author wanted to tell the writer.

    The text has a beginning, main part, ending.

    A text is a statement consisting of two or more sentences. The sentences in the text are united by a common theme and are related to each other in meaning. The text can be titled.

    The topic of a text is who or what the text is about.

    The main idea of ​​the text is the main thing that the author wanted to tell the writer.

    The text has a beginning, main part, ending.

    A text is a statement consisting of two or more sentences. The sentences in the text are united by a common theme and are related to each other in meaning. The text can be titled.

    The topic of a text is who or what the text is about.

    The main idea of ​​the text is the main thing that the author wanted to tell the writer.

    The text has a beginning, main part, ending.

    TYPES OF TEXT

    Text narration

    Text Description

    (what? what? what? what?)

    Text reasoning

    TYPES OF TEXT

    Text narration
    tells about something.

    (what? where? how? when did it happen?)

    Text Description

    describes the appearance of someone or something.

    (what? what? what? what?)

    Text reasoning

    explains, proves something; talks about the causes of phenomena, events.

    _____________________________________________

    TYPES OF TEXT

    Text narration
    tells about something.

    (what? where? how? when did it happen?)

    Text Description

    describes the appearance of someone or something.

    (what? what? what? what?)

    Text reasoning

    explains, proves something; talks about the causes of phenomena, events.

    _____________________________________________

    TYPES OF TEXT

    Text narration
    tells about something.

    (what? where? how? when did it happen?)

    Text Description

    describes the appearance of someone or something.

    (what? what? what? what?)

    Text reasoning

    explains, proves something; talks about the causes of phenomena, events.

    _____________________________________________

    OFFER.

    Incentives: Go quickly!

    2. By intonation:

    OFFER.

    A sentence is a word or several words that express a complete thought.

    The words in a sentence are related in meaning.

    Each sentence has a main word that expresses the main idea of ​​the sentence.

    1. According to the purpose of making sentences, there are:

    Narrative: The weather is beautiful outside.

    Interrogative: Why don't you walk?

    Incentives: Go quickly!

    2. By intonation:

    Exclamatory: They gave me a puppy!

    Non-exclamatory: They gave me a puppy.

    3. By the presence of secondary members:

    Uncommon: Spring has come.

    Common: The long-awaited spring has come.

    4. Simple and complex sentences:

    The narrow path led far into the woods. - simple (has one grammatical basis)

    In the morning the sun warmed up, and in the evening frost hit. - complex

    (has two or more grammatical stems)
    5. With homogeneous members and without homogeneous members.

    MEMBERS OF THE OFFER.

    to whom? what?

    whom? What?

    about whom? about what?

    and underlined with a dotted line -------- . Complement is most commonly expressed with a noun or .5. 5. Circumstance is a minor member of the sentence that answers the questions: where? Where? where? How? When? and is underlined by a broken line and a dot. The circumstance is most often expressed by a noun or an adverb.

    MEMBERS OF THE OFFER.

    1. The subject is the main member of the sentence, which denotes who or what the sentence is talking about, and answers the question who? or what? The subject is most often expressed by a noun. Highlighted with one line.

    2. The predicate is the main member of the sentence, which means that the sentence refers to the subject, and answers the question what does it do? what do they do? What did you do? what did you do? Most often expressed as a verb. Emphasized by two lines.

    3. Definition - this is a minor member of the proposal, which answers the questions what? which? which? which? and emphasized

    wavy line. The definition is expressed by an adjective.

    4. Addition is a minor member of the proposal, which answers the questions: whom? what?

    to whom? what?

    whom? What?

    about whom? about what?

    and underlined with a dotted line -------- . Complement is most often expressed by a noun or a pronoun.5. 5. Circumstance is a minor member of the sentence that answers the questions: where? Where? where? How? When? and is underlined by a broken line and a dot. The circumstance is most often expressed by a noun or an adverb.

    For example: In a green grove, travelers were greeted by cheerful voices of birds.

    LEXICAL MEANING OF WORDS

    What a word stands for is its lexical

    value.

    Words can name: people, animals, plants, things, natural phenomena, feelings, actions, signs, numbers, etc.

    If words have several meanings, then they are called polysemantic.

    The main difference between a two-part sentence and a one-part sentence is the presence of a subject and a predicate. That is, it has both main members.

    Roman didn't do his homework today.

    Autumn has come.

    Having warmed up, the ladybug crawled out onto the stone.

    One-part sentences

    They have only one of the main members of the proposal. They have a complete thought and are understandable outside the text.

    Lake Shore.

    It was evening.

    In winter I will go to the mountains.

    Types of one-part sentences diagram and table with examples

    One-part sentences are divided into two groups depending on which of the main members is present. If it is a subject, then it will be denominative, if it is a predicate, then it can be one of 4 types: definitely personal, indefinitely personal, impersonal and generalized personal (the latter type is not distinguished by all linguists, sometimes they talk about the meaning of generalization in definite-personal and indefinitely-personal sentences).

    So there are five types:

    • , they are also called nominative;
    • generalized personal;

    In our general table, we will combine all types.


    In speech, one-part and two-part sentences enter into synonymous relations: we can convey the same idea with different syntactic constructions, that is, syntactic synonyms.

    For example:

    Evening came. (two-part).

    Evening. (One-part denominative).

    It's evening. (One-part impersonal).

    One-part video sentences

    Lesson summary grade 8

    Note:

    The synopsis was compiled according to the textbook by L. M. Rybchenkova.

    Two-part and one-part sentences (of different types) as syntactic synonyms.

    Lesson Objectives:

    • generalization of the studied material on one-component sentences;
    • developing the ability to determine the types of one-part sentences, use two-part and one-part sentences in speech, of different types as synonymous constructions;
    • developing the ability to work in pairs.

    Lesson type:

    Lesson of generalization and systematization of knowledge.

    1. Checking homework.

      The student at the blackboard fills in the table “Types of one-part sentences”, gives examples.

      At this time - checking written homework: selectively several works are checked by the teacher; one student reads aloud, everyone checks.

      The student's answer is according to the table (the class is participating: they give examples from homework, come up with their own).

      Creating a problem situation:

      Why are one-part sentences used in speech?

      Is it possible to replace two-part with one-part (and vice versa)? Will this change the value?

      This is the topic of our today's lesson.

      (Announcement of the topic, pay attention to the organization of work in the lesson: work in pairs).

    2. Tasks (printed by the number of pairs):






      (Click on the plus sign to read the text.)

      Card answers:

      Option 1: I want to learn how to skate. Petya was unwell yesterday. The kids don't want to come home from camp.

      Option 2: In the camp, due to the threat of an epidemic, it is forbidden to visit children. It was ordered to declare a quarantine. It is recommended that everyone use gauze bandages.

      Option 3: Snow covered winter crops. - Winter crops were covered with snow. - Snow covered the winter crops. The sand put out the fire. - The fire was put out with sand. - Sand put out the fire. The explosion destroyed the building. - The explosion destroyed the building. The explosion destroyed the building.

      Option 4: The window is blowing. Howls in the pipe. Somewhere it rumbles.

      Option 5: You're having fun. Can you see the inscription? Can I call?

      Option 6: You can't convince me. You are the first to speak at the meeting. We would like to talk to you before the lesson.

      You have 3-5 minutes to complete the tasks. 4th and 5th assignments can be given to weaker students, 3rd - to strong ones. When checking, one student from a pair writes one example on the board, the second one reads all the sentences, answers the question about their meanings. The class writes an example from the board.

      Students conclude that there are synonymous constructions in the language - one-part and two-part sentences, they have differences in shades of meanings, and this must be taken into account.

      "Constructor": from two simple sentences we build one complex one (continuation of work in pairs).

      Two students go to the blackboard and write down one sentence each, which the teacher dictates. They emphasize the main members, determine the type (two-part or one-part, if one-part, then which one). We are building a complex one: one student writes down (and the whole class with him), explaining the spellings encountered, the second builds a diagram and writes down his characteristics.

      Mid January. - one-part, denominative. The entire offer is subject to.

      There is almost no snow on the fields. - one-piece, impersonal. The predicate consists of two words: no snow.
      Mid-January, and there is almost no snow in the fields. , A .
      Complex, consists of two simple ones, 1st - one-component, denominative, 2nd - one-component, impersonal.

      Here is the new kindergarten building. A stadium is being built next to it.

      The moon was covered by a huge shaggy cloud. It started pouring rain.

      You will go to the city in the morning. Be sure to buy a collection of scanwords.

      Late fall. Evening and pulling cool.

      We bring students to the solution of the problem situation, to the conclusion: what role do single-component sentences play in speech, what are they used for?

      (Create a variety of forms of expression of thought; there is no repetition of similar designs; speech becomes clear and expressive).

    3. Observations on the methods of creating expressiveness in a literary text (excerpts were previously recorded on the closed part of the board).

      A chill blew

      From the rising cloud.

      And her blackness

      Everything in nature is eclipsed.

      Suddenly lightning spear,

      Flashing, it broke.

      The forest crumbles across the river.

      The swamp turned yellow behind the forest.

      And in the autumn azure of the sky

      Crane thread twists.

      Look and listen my friend

      How these wise birds cry

      Flying to the sunny south

      To return to the north.

      What are these verses about? What artistic technique do they use? (Metaphor). What offers are being used? ( One-part and two-part, in the first passage - impersonal, in the second - impersonal as part of a complex).

      Lesson summary:

      the use of one-component sentences makes speech brighter and more expressive, helps to avoid repetition, so we find them in literary texts; when using synonymous sentences, you need to be careful, as the shades of meanings change.

    4. The results of the lesson, assessment, reflection.

      Homework: ex. 141 (preparation for a speech development lesson). Read the text. Why is it called that? Complete the tasks: