"Conducting physical education sessions in the classroom." A set of exercises for physical education minutes
Complexes of exercises for physical education
For children of primary school age
standing exercises
1. Raise your arms up, moving your leg back, take a breath; return to the starting position (main stance - exhale). The same with the other leg.
2. I. p. - feet shoulder width apart, hands on the belt. 1-2 - spread the elbows to the sides, bringing the shoulder blades together - inhale; 3-4 - starting position - exhale.
3. Squatting with a straight back on the toes (do not fall on the heels). Spread your knees to the sides, arms forward or to the sides at the expense of 1-2, at 3-4 slowly return to and. P.
4. I. p. Legs shoulder-width apart, hands to the shoulders. Rotation in the shoulder joints back.
5. I. p. - feet shoulder width apart, hands to the shoulders. Tilt the body forward with a straight back.
6. "Mill". Connect the hands behind the back (from above, then the right, then the left hand).
7. I. p. - feet shoulder width apart, arms to the sides. Hand rotation back.
8. Raising straight arms through the sides up - inhale. Return to and p. - exhale.
9. I. p. - feet shoulder width apart, hands behind the back. Lateral tilts of the body to the side on exhalation.
10. Walking on a bench on the floor, or on the rail of an inverted bench. Hands to the sides, a bag of sand on the head (the weight is different, depending on age and fitness).
A few more examples of exercises that help avoid fatigue, restore strength in the classroom. They are quite simple and effective, they do not require special equipment, and therefore they can be performed in the classroom, in the physical education program.
Exercise to relieve fatigue from the muscles of the body.
I. p. - stand, legs apart, hands on the belt. 1 - turn the body to the right; 2 - turn the body to the left. During the turn, the legs remain motionless. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is average.
Attention mobilization exercise.
I. p. - standing, arms along the body. 1 - right hand on the belt; 2 - left hand on the belt; 3 - right hand on the shoulder; 4 - left hand on the shoulder; 5 - right hand up; 6 - left hand up; 7-8 - claps with hands above the head; 9 - lower the left hand on the shoulder; 10 - right hand on the shoulder; 11 - left hand on the belt; 12 - right hand on the belt; 13-14 - hand claps on the thighs. Repeat 4-6 times. Tempo - 1 time slow; 2-3 times - medium; 3-4 - fast; 1-2 - slow.
Corrective exercises to normalize posture
1. Standing, heels together, socks apart, shoulders retracted, connect the shoulder blades, tighten the stomach, raise the chin.
2. Walking is normal, keeping an eye on your posture.
3. Walking on toes, hands behind the head.
4. Walking on heels, hands on the belt.
5. Walking on the outer edge of the foot, fingers tucked in, hands on the belt, elbows laid back.
Exercises to improve cerebral circulation .
I. p. - sitting, hands on the belt. 1 - head turn to the right; 2 - ip, 3 - head turn to the left; 4 - and. P.; 5 - tilt your head forward, 6 - and. n. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is slow.
Exercises to relieve fatigue from the small muscles of the hand .
I. p. - sitting, hands raised up. 1 - clench the brushes into a fist; 2 - unclench the brushes. Repeat 6-8 times, then relax your arms down and shake your hands. The pace is average.
eye exercise
Headaches are often caused by overwork or unusual strain on the eyes. This exercise is the simplest and is designed to develop the habit of doing eye exercises regularly.
Open your eyes wide. Look up to the limit, hold your eyes for one second. Then move your eyes to the limit to the right, fixing this position for a second. Then the eyes go all the way down, fixing for a second, and then all the way to the left, also fixing for a second. Keep your eyes wide open. Perform the exercise 10 times in a clockwise direction and the same number of times - counterclockwise.
After completing the exercise, it is useful for schoolchildren to be reminded that it is very important for eye care that the workplace is well and properly lit. Blinding light should be avoided. It is useful several times an hour to stop working for a few seconds and give your eyes a rest, i.e. close them with your palms so that they rest in complete darkness.
Exercise "squatting" facilitates the work of the heart, lowers blood pressure. It is carried out simply: freely squat down (the foot is completely on the floor), relax as much as possible, holding your head and hands on weight. Sit in this position for one minute.
Fatigue Relief Exercises , proposed by I. A. Vasilyeva, help to quickly restore strength after a heavy load. They should be performed at the first sign of trouble, fatigue.
1. Fold your palms in front of your chest, fingers up, do not breathe, squeeze the bases of your palms with all your might. The muscles of the shoulders and chest are tense. Pull in the stomach and rise up, as if leaning on your hands, looking out of the window. Only 10-15 minutes - and it became hot. Repeat three times.
2. Fold your hands into the lock, clasp the back of your head with them, point your elbows forward. Pull your head to your elbows, do not resist, stretch the cervical spine. Pull evenly - so that it is pleasant, 10-15 seconds.
3. Rub your ears with your palms - at first only the lobes, and then the whole ear: up and down, back and forth. At the same time, “click” with your tongue like a horse (15-20 seconds).
4. "Crow". Say “Ka-aa-aa-aar!”, while trying to raise the soft palate and small tongue as high as possible (6 times). Then try to do it silently, with your mouth closed.
5. "Ring". With effort, directing the tip of the tongue back along the upper palate, try to touch the small tongue with the tongue. Try to do it silently, with your mouth closed. Easier, faster, even faster! (10-15 seconds.)
6. "Lion". Reach out to your chin with your tongue. Even further! (Repeat 6 times.)
For middle and high school students
1. Physical education session of general impact (option 1).
Exercise 1 . Starting position - main stance. At the expense of "one" - stand on your toes, arms up outward, at the expense of "two" - reach up for your hands. On the count of "three" - lower your arms in arcs through the sides down, on the count of "four" - cross your arms in front of your chest, tilt your head forward. Repeat the exercise at a fast pace 6-8 times.
Exercise 2 . Starting position - stand legs apart, arms forward. At the expense of "one" - turn the body to the right, swing the left hand to the right, right back behind the back. On the count of two, return to the starting position. At the expense of "three, four" - the exercise is performed in the other direction. Repeat 6-8 times at a fast pace.
Exercise 3 Starting position - leg stand apart. At the expense of "one" - bend the right leg forward and, clasping the lower leg with your hands, pull it to your stomach. On the count of "two" - pull the leg, raising your hands up. At the expense of "three, four" - the same is performed, but with the left leg. Repeat the exercise at an average pace 6-8 times.
Physical education minute of general impact (option 2).
Exercise 1 . Starting position - leg stand apart. At the expense of "one" - hands are laid back. At the expense of "two" - spread your arms to the sides, at the expense of "three" - raise your hands up, stand on your toes. On the count of "four" - relaxing the shoulder girdle, lower the arms with a slight inclination forward. Repeat 4-6 times at a slow pace.
Exercise 2. Starting position - leg stand apart, arms bent forward, hands in fists. At the expense of "one" - with a turn of the body to the left, strike with the right hand forward. At the expense of "two" - take the starting position. At the expense of "three, four" - do the same, but in the other direction. Repeat 6-8 times without holding your breath.
2. Physical education to improve cerebral circulation (option 1).
Exercise 1. Starting position - main stance. At the expense of "one" - hands behind the head, elbows wide apart, head tilted back. On the count of "two" - the elbows move forward. On the count of "three" - hands relaxed down. At the expense of "four" - take the starting position. Exercise at a slow pace is repeated 4-6 times.
Exercise 2. Starting position - stand legs apart, hands in fists. At the expense of "one" - swing the left hand back, right up. At the expense of "two" - with oncoming swings, change the position of the hands. The swings end with jerks of the hands back. The exercise is repeated 6-8 times at an average pace.
Exercise 3 It is performed while sitting on a chair. At the expense of "one" - take your head back. On the count of "two" - tilt your head forward, do not raise your shoulders. The exercise is repeated 4-6 times at a slow pace.
Physical education to improve cerebral circulation (option 2).
Exercise 1 . It is performed sitting on a chair or standing. At the expense of "one, two" - perform a circular motion with the right hand back with a turn of the torso and head to the right. At the expense of "three, four" - perform a circular motion with the left hand back with a turn of the torso and head to the left. Repeat the exercise 4-6 times at a slow pace.
Exercise 2. It is performed sitting on a chair or standing, arms to the sides, palms forward, fingers apart. At the expense of "one" - grab yourself by the shoulders as tightly as possible. At the expense of "two" - take a starting position. Repeat the exercise 4-6 times at a fast pace.
Exercise 3 Performed sitting on a chair, hands on the belt. At the expense of "one" - turn your head to the right. At the expense of "two" - the starting position. At the expense of "three" - repeat the same to the left. Repeat 6-8 times at a slow pace.
Physical education to improve cerebral circulation (option 3)
1. Starting position (ip) - sitting on a chair. 1 - tilt your head to the right; 2 - i. P.; 3 - tilt your head to the left; 4 - and. P.; 5 - tilt your head forward, do not raise your shoulders; 6 - i. n. Repeat 3-4 times. The pace is slow.
2. I. p. - sitting, hands on the belt. 1 - head turn to the right; 2 - i. P.; 3 - turning the head to the left; 4 - and. n. Repeat 4-5 times. The pace is slow.
3. Physical education to relieve fatigue from the shoulder girdle and arms (option 1)
Exercise 1 . Starting position - main stance. At the expense of "one" - raise your shoulders. On the count of two, lower your shoulders. Repeat 6-8 times, then pause for 2-3 seconds, relax the muscles of the shoulder girdle. Perform at a slow pace.
Exercise 2 . Starting position - arms bent in front of the chest. At the expense of “one, two”, perform two springy backward movements with bent arms. At the expense of "three, four" - perform the same jerks with straight arms. Perform the exercise 4-6 times at an average pace.
Exercise 3 . Starting position - main stance. At the expense of "one", bend slightly, swinging your arms to the sides. At the expense of "two" - relaxing the muscles of the shoulder girdle, "drop" your hands.
Physical education to relieve fatigue from the shoulder girdle and arms (option 2)
1. I. p. - standing, hands on the belt. 1 - right hand forward, left up; 2 - change the position of the hands. Repeat 3-4 times, then relax down and shake your hands, tilt your head forward. Then repeat 3-4 more times. The pace is average.
2. I. p. - standing or sitting, hands with the back on the belt. 1-2 - bring your elbows forward, tilt your head forward; 3-4 - elbows back, bend. Repeat 5-6 times, then arms down and shake them loosely. The pace is slow.
3. I. p. - sitting, hands up. 1 - clench the brushes into a fist; 2 - unclench the brushes. Repeat 6-8 times, then relax your arms down and shake your hands. The pace is average.
4. Physical education to relieve tension from the muscles of the body
1. I. p. - stand, legs apart, hands behind the head. 1-5 - circular movements of the pelvis in one direction; 4-6 - the same in the other direction; 7-8 - hands down and shake your hands in a relaxed way. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is average.
2. I. p. - leg stand apart. 1-2 - tilt to the side, the right hand slides down along the leg, left, bend, along the body up; 3-4 - and. P.; 5-8 - the same in the other direction. Repeat 5-6 times. The pace is average.
5. Physical education for the eyes
Engage in prevention, and you will not allow visual fatigue. Ask - how? We recommend that we compiled - based on the materials of the ophthalmologist V.F. Bazarny - a special complex of five simple exercises, called "Physical education for the eyes."
Perform exercises at home every 20-25 minutes of visual work. The whole complex will take no more than one and a half to two minutes. It would be helpful for teachers to use these tips in the middle of each lesson.
The starting position of each exercise is standing or sitting.
Exercise 1. Make 15 oscillatory eye movements horizontally from right to left, then from left to right.
Exercise 2. 15 oscillatory movements of the eyes vertically - up and down and down and up.
Exercise 3 . Also 15, but circular rotational eye movements from left to right.
Exercise 4 The same, but from right to left.
Exercise 5 . Make 15 circular rotational movements with your eyes, first to the right, then to the left, as if drawing the figure 8 laid on its side with your eyes.
The need for motor activity in preschool children is very high. Restriction of activity during this period can lead to a delay in the mental and speech development of the child. It is important to encourage various forms of physical activity: outdoor and sports games, exercises for the development of vital movements (walking, running, crawling, climbing, throwing, balance exercises). The main means of developing motor skills in preschool educational institutions are physical education classes.
In addition to physical education classes in preschool educational institutions, the motor activity of children must be developed by increasing the dynamic component of various activities: introduction physical culture breaks And physical education minutes during classes, accompanying everyday moments with various nursery rhymes and movements, motor discharges during games, dynamic pauses between classes, etc.
PHYSICAL MINUTES- short-term physical exercises - carried out in the middle, senior and preparatory groups during a break between classes, as well as in the process of classes that require intellectual stress (speech development, drawing, mathematics, etc.).
Physical culture minute as a form of active recreation during sedentary activities is widely used with preschool children.
Purpose of the exercise session- increase or maintain the mental performance of children in the classroom (in terms of counting, speech development, etc.), provide short-term active rest for preschoolers during classes, when the organs of vision and hearing experience a significant load; muscles of the body, especially the back, which are in a static state; muscles of the hand of the working hand.
Often the child shows "motor anxiety" in the classroom. He seeks to change his posture, his attention drops, he is distracted. This indicates mental fatigue, which is recognized primarily by a decrease in attention. As a result of prolonged static stress, the child’s back stoops, shoulders sag, blood circulation slows down, which leads to a violation of posture, negatively affects the work of the vital functions of the body, and as a result negatively affects the health of the preschooler.
Studies show the need to change activities every 20 minutes
Physical education minute promotes a change in posture and nature of activity through motor activity..
Thanks to the exercises included in the physical education session, children improve posture, increase metabolism in the body, develop voluntary attention and memory, the ability to concentrate, children receive a variety of sensory impressions, and a positive emotional state is restored.
For a physical culture minute, they are set of exercises, which includes 3-4 simple exercises for large muscle groups (legs, arms, shoulder girdle, torso), activating breathing and blood circulation, pull-ups, tilts, torso turns. At physical education sessions, you can widely use exercises for the hand and various hand gestures with balls, nuts, a hexagonal pencil, massage balls, hand expanders; cross movements; systematic exercises such as "Castle Pose"; exercises "Owl", "Smart Hat", etc. Jumps and walking are also included in the physical education. They are performed within 1.5-2 minutes.
Initially, exercises of an imitative-imitative nature are offered for kids - how birds drink water, how it rains, how leaves fall, how snowflakes spin, how a train rides, etc.
Duration physical culture breaks, unlike physical culture minutes, a little longer. In addition to gymnastic exercises, it is useful to include sedentary games in the complexes of physical culture breaks.
Funny poems and funny nursery rhymes, a variety of exercises, imitating the movements of their content, allow you to conduct an interesting, meaningful and bright physical education session at any time, as soon as the teacher notices that the attention of children is becoming scattered and they need to cheer up.
Children should learn the movement of each exercise together with the educator, so that later they can perform them on their own, only when they hear the name of a physical education minute or look at a picture with an illustration for a particular nursery rhyme or poem.
The most favorable time for physical education should be considered transition between stages of work in one lesson when you need to switch the attention of children from one activity to another or the second half of the lesson, when the teacher notices the fatigue of children. In the second case, it is often difficult to catch the right moment, but with a good knowledge of the group of children and the ability to observe them, this is quite accessible.
But it must be borne in mind that with a great interest of children in the lesson, especially when visual aids are used, a physical education minute can interfere with its successful implementation. Hence, not all classes require the introduction of physical education as a mandatory element.
For example, in music education classes there is no need to include a physical education minute, such classes are usually full of movements, songs that do not allow children to get tired, but, on the contrary, invigorate them, increase the emotional mood of children for work.
Also, not every lesson in fine arts necessarily needs a physical education minute. If children are given an interesting topic for creativity, then, as a rule, without being distracted with enthusiasm, they work on it until the end of the result. If the teacher sees that the children are working with concentration, then a physical education session should not be carried out.
However, if children draw with pencils, then their fingers quickly get tired due to still insufficiently developed fine motor skills, and in this case, do rest in the form of a physical education session for the muscles of the hands is simply necessary. She also needed in literacy classes, the development of elementary mathematical concepts requiring great perseverance and attention of children.
TYPES OF PHYSICAL MINUTES
All physical education minutes conditionally can be divided into three groups:
1. Physical education minutes that can be carried out in any class in the second half when the fatigue of children is noticeable, or between different types of work, when it is necessary to switch the attention of children from one type of activity to another in order to increase the efficiency of assimilation of the material given in the lesson and in order to take care of the health of preschoolers, strengthen their body.
Such physical exercises include poems and nursery rhymes, which include exercises that cover large muscle groups. These are exercises associated with sipping, straightening the spine; light running, walking in place, jumps, squats at a fast pace, side bends, arm swings, etc., accompanied by text, usually in poetic form. The heroes and characters of such physical education sessions are mice, a black cat, a hamster, a grasshopper, a hare, bears, a rooster, a stork, a beetle, a crow; swimmers; trees, etc.
2. Physical education, including exercises for the muscles of the hands. They are carried out with the aim of resting the fingers of children after holding a brush or pencil in their hands for a long time in visual activity classes in all kindergarten groups and in literacy classes in older groups.
These are exercises for flexion and extension of the hands, their abduction and adduction, circular movements in the wrist joint; the same movements and fingers. These are such physical exercises as: “Flowers”, “Pigs”, “Brother, where have you been?”, “Fingers”, “Two sisters” and others. They give children the opportunity to relax, at the same time develop their speech and fine motor skills.
3. Physical exercises that can be done in the morning exercises with the goal of making them more interesting, varied, bright, expressive and meaningful. It has been noticed that children with great desire and enthusiasm do the same exercises familiar to them, if they are carried out in a playful, poetic form, and not according to the usual pattern.
This group includes, basically, the same exercises as the first one, which cover large muscle groups, but the content of the text of the physical education minute deals with exercises, bending over, sipping, etc. These are such physical exercises as: "Exercise", "Pinocchio", "Sun", "Maple", "Wind", "Steam locomotive", "Watch", "Clumsy bear", "Soldier", "Butterflies", "Funny ball" , "Walk" and others.
In the selection of exercises and poems for physical education, one must remember that this is a kind of game and one must be guided by the following recommendations:
1. Before getting acquainted with the physical education session, it is necessary to discuss its content, practicing the necessary gestures, finger combinations, and movements. This will not only prepare children for the correct exercise, but also create the necessary emotional mood.
2. Exercises should be familiar to children and easy to perform; they should cover mainly large muscle groups. These are exercises associated with sipping, straightening the spine. Sometimes it is advisable to include walking in place, jumping, squatting at a fast pace. In some cases, for example, if the children held a pencil or a brush in their hands for a long time, it is advisable to include an exercise for the muscles of the hand: flexion and extension, abduction and adduction, circular movements in the wrist joint; the same finger movements.
3. Exercises should be performed together with the children, while demonstrating their own passion for the game in the form of a physical education minute.
4. To pronounce the texts of physical education minutes The teacher should be as expressive as possible: either raising or lowering his voice, pausing, emphasizing individual words, and performing movements synchronously with the text or in pauses.
5. With repeated physical education sessions, children often begin to pronounce the text partially (especially the beginning or end of phrases). Gradually, the text is learned by heart, the children pronounce it in its entirety, correlating words with movements.
6. Do not set several complex tasks for children at once (for example, show movements and pronounce text). The amount of attention in children, especially in younger groups, is limited, and an impossible task can “beat off” interest in physical education.
7. Encourage children to sing along, speak with you, "don't notice" if they do something wrong at first, encourage success.
8. Physical education, as well as other poems and games, encourage children to be creative, and in the case when a child comes up with his own texts, even if not very successful movements, he should be praised and shown his creative achievements to other children, parents.
9. Having chosen two or three physical minutes, gradually replace them with new ones. The most liked verses and exercises can be left in your repertoire and returned to them at the request of the children.
10. Never force a physical education session if the child does not want to. Try to understand, understand the reasons for the refusal, if possible, eliminate them (for example, by changing the task) or change the physical education minute by choosing a similar one.
12. If you see that the children are working with concentration, then you should not conduct a physical education session, otherwise you can scatter their attention, distract them from the task and then return the children to work will be very difficult.
EXAMPLES OF PHYSICAL MINUTES:
Hare in the woods for housewarming
Invites to fun.
(Hands on the belt, turns to the right and left)
Let's go to the forest to him now,
We are waiting for a visit today.
(walking in circles)
Legs top, top, top - we go around the corner.
Hands clap, clap, clap - we are a cheerful people!
(Clap in front of the chest and continue to walk)
Raise your legs up -
We walk through the snowdrifts.
(Raise your knees high as you move forward)
Smile at the sun in the sky
(We raise our hands up, rise on our toes, smile)
And bow to the trees.
(lean forward)
Let's jump across the ditch
(Jumping on two legs moving forward)
To the hare we go to the oak forest!
(walking in circles)
Pinocchio stretched,
One-bent, two-bent,
Raised hands to the sides
Apparently the key was not found.
To get him the key
You have to get on your toes.
Stay strong Pinocchio,
Here it is - the golden key
Batalygina Elena Vadimovna
Job title: primary school teacher
Educational institution: MBOU "Gymnasium 73"
Locality: Novokuznetsk city, Kemerovo region
Material name: article
Subject: Physical education minutes in the GEF format.
Publication date: 04.12.2017
Chapter: elementary education
Physical education minutes in the GEF format.
Children's health is our concern, and the use of physical education is one of the
conservation.
Sukhomlinsky
convinced us that about 85% of all underachieving students
the main reason for lagging behind in school is poor health,
any ailment or illness." GEF of the new generation is not
introduces no new requirements for health saving in the classroom. However
active
allows
in a new way
look at the physical education lesson in the lesson. First, one must understand that in
health saving, different concepts of physical activity are distinguished
at the lesson:
1. physical education;
2. dynamic pause;
3. change of dynamic poses.
Physical education minute
specially
developed
complex
exercises.
daily
repetition
similar
complexes
rejection
students
will bring
use other types of workouts.
Dynamic
movements
quality
activities and the introduction of motor activity in the lesson. Enough
initial
uses
various
poetic
physical education minutes,
finger
gymnastics
gymnastics
using presentations, jumping to music, walking and running in place,
auto-training-relaxation.
Change of dynamic postures - a change in the position of the body in space during
lesson time. This technique is based, for example, on multi-level desks in
Dr. Bazarny's system. Or those who came from theatrical pedagogy
change of mise-en-scenes of the lesson. Rest while exercising is essential
children. Small motor pauses help relieve emotional and
physical
voltage,
switch
attention,
contribute
concentration
studied
subject.
Physical education minutes are an interesting and effective form of active
holding
Physical education minute
is
small
complex
physical
exercise,
conducted
within 2-3 minutes during classes at school, as well as at home when performing
homework. It is built from 4-5 exercises for the arms, torso,
requiring
coordination.
Physical education minutes
are
compulsory
element
health-saving
organizations
accordance with modern requirements. enough for the first lesson.
one physical education minute at the 25-30th minute of the lesson, at the second and third
physical education minutes
fourth 3 minutes of rest. The duration of physical education minutes is
includes
complex
exercises.
Right
an organized educational process contributes not only to
quality
mastering
general educational
skills
skills
student, but also favorable growth and development of the student, strengthening
his health.
Fitness minutes:
Provide active recreation for students
Shift attention from one activity to another
Help to eliminate congestion in organs and systems
Improve metabolic processes
Contribute to increasing the attention and activity of children in the subsequent
lesson stage.
Tasks of physical education minutes:
Relieve mental stress in students by switching
another type of activity;
achieve
recreational
use
physical
exercises;
Arouse children's interest in physical exercises;
Form
protozoa
representation
physical
exercises
well-being
initial
self-exercise
Physical education, as a form of active recreation for schoolchildren, is held
warnings
fatigue,
raise
active
attention
performance.
are selected
complex exercises,
dependencies
character,
include
pull-ups,
half-squats and squats, exercises for the hands and fingers. These
exercises cover large muscle groups and relieve static
voltage,
activate
amplify
circulation,
relieve congestion caused by prolonged sitting at the table.
This is achieved by the fact that the switching of nervous activity in some
areas
head
opportunity
functioning areas of the cortex to restore metabolism. Except
In addition, vigorous movement and breathing increase blood circulation in the brain,
promotes
fatigue.
result
is
recovery
sustainability
attention
uplift
promotion
performance.
Fulfilling
exercises,
necessary
make sure that the phases of muscle tension alternate rhythmically with
relaxation phases. It is known that the tone of the muscles of the anterior part of the trunk
has a natural predominance over the muscle tone of the back surface,
which is one of the main causes of postural disorders - stoop,
head tilt forward. Therefore, when conducting a physical education session, it is necessary
pay attention to strengthening the muscles of the back of the body. In complexes
physical education minutes, the predominant place is occupied by exercises that
associated with torso tilts back with strong muscle tension. WITH
warnings
lateral
curvature
spine
(scoliosis)
it is necessary to strengthen the muscles of the lateral surface of the body. For this
perform tilts to the right and left with the tension of the corresponding muscles.
fulfillment
printing
drawing
the muscles of the writing hand get tired quickly. As a result, it breaks
the skill of correct writing, the speed of typing and drawing slows down.
To eliminate fatigue of the muscles of the hand, perform various exercises in
in the form of rhythmic squeezing of fingers, shaking with brushes and others. In
while sitting, the lower limbs are also very tired, they are observed
congestive
complex
exercises
limbs are introduced squats, stepping from foot to foot, walking on
Physical education minutes
drawing
printing
it is advisable to carry out standing at the tables or near them.
Oral
physical education classes can be carried out sitting at the table, because on
classes
are
free
the ability to change body position more often.
There are several types of physical education:
Exercises to relieve general or local fatigue;
Hand exercises;
Gymnastics for the eyes;
Gymnastics to improve hearing;
Exercises for the prevention of flat feet;
Exercises that correct posture;
Breathing exercises.
Inclusion in the educational process of developing games, physical education
of a different nature gives a noticeable effect in the development of children, expands
creative
possibilities,
emotional
state
keeping younger students interested in learning activities and
contributes to the formation of universal educational activities.
Physical education minutes.
"Sun Bunnies"
Sunbeams play on the wall
I beckon them with my finger, let them run to me.
Well, catch it, catch it soon!
Well, left, left, left,
Now right, right!
Ran to the ceiling.
Bunny on the left, on the right, below, above - repeated several times in a scatter.
"Rocket".
And now we are with you, children,
We're flying on a rocket
Raised on toes
And then all hands down.
(Stand on toes, hands up, palms form a "rocket dome")
Three four
(Main rack)
Here the rocket flies up -
Run away, get away!
"Cosmonauts".
We will try very hard, (Children make jerks with bent arms in front of
Play sports together:
Run fast like the wind (Run on toes)
Swimming is the best in the world. (Do strokes with hands)
Squat and get up again (Squat)
And lift dumbbells. (Straighten bent arms up)
Let's be strong and tomorrow
All of us will be taken as astronauts! (Hands on the belt)
- Everyone got up.
"Walk".
Only in the forest we all went
Mosquitoes have appeared
Hands up - clap,
Hands down - clap.
(Walking with arms raised up, clap, lowering).
And we meet a bear -
We put our hands behind our heads
And we're going to hell.
(Walking on the outer and inner sides of the feet with swaying).
In front of us is a pond
We already know how to jump
We will jump more boldly.
One-two, one-two-
There is water behind.
(Jumping from foot to foot, on “pebbles”).
To the side of the hand
Let's wave them
The birds are flying towards us
How do they sit
We will also show
They are sitting.
The wind flew through the forest
The wind counted the leaves.
Here is oak
Here is maple
Here from a golden birch.
Here is the last leaf from the aspen
The wind threw on the path.
"Our Pens"
We raise our hands up,
And then we let them go.
And then we unfold them
And we'll take it to ourselves soon.
And then faster, faster
Clap, clap more cheerfully.
Carousels, carousels
They flew on a rocket.
Carousels, carousels
They got on the car.
Carousels, carousels
We went on a scooter.
Carousels, carousels
They sat on the horse.
Carousels, carousels
And they sat quietly at the desk.
Are you tired?
Well, then everyone stood up together!
They sank their feet.
They clapped their hands.
Twisted, turned.
And everyone sat down at the desks.
We close our eyes tightly
We count to five together.
We open, we blink
And we continue to work
"Cha, cha, cha."
Cha, cha, cha (3 thigh claps)
The stove is very hot (4 jumps on two legs)
Chi, chi, chi (3 overhead claps)
Oven bake kalachi (4 squats)
Choo, choo, choo (3 claps behind the back)
Higher legs! Stop, one, two! (Walking in place.)
Raise your shoulders higher
And then we drop them. (Raise and lower shoulders.)
Put your hands in front of your chest
And we do jerks. (Hands in front of chest, jerking hands.)
You need to jump ten times
Let's go higher, let's go together! (Jumping in place.)
We raise our knees
We take a step on the spot. (Walking in place.)
From the heart we stretched, (Sipping - arms up and to the sides.)
And they returned to their place. (Children sit down.)
"Pinocchio".
Pinocchio stretched,
Once - bent, unbent!
Two - two clap in the hands,
Three nods of the head
Four - arms wider,
Five - wave your hands,
Six - sit quietly at the desk
"Oh, how long we've been writing."
Oh how long we wrote
The children's eyes are tired.
(Blink eyes.)
Look everyone out the window
(Look left and right.
Ah, how high the sun is.
(Look up.)
We'll close our eyes now
(Close your eyes with your palms.)
Let's build a rainbow in class
Let's go up the rainbow
(Look up in an arc
right and up-left.)
Turn right, turn left
And then we slide down
(Look down.)
Squint hard, but hold on.
(Close your eyes, open and blink them.)
"Stork".
(The back is straight, hands are on the belt. Children smoothly and slowly raise that
the right, then the left leg, bent at the knee, and also smoothly lowered.
Watch your back.)
Stork, long-legged stork,
Show me the way home. (Stork answers.)
Stomp with your right foot
Stomp with your left foot
Again with the right foot
Again, left foot.
After - with the right foot,
After - the left foot.
And then you come home.
"Snowflakes".
We are snowflakes
we are fluff
(I.p.: feet shoulder-width apart, hands on the belt, head tilt to the right, to the left.)
We are not averse to spinning.
(Rotate 360 degrees.)
We are ballerina snowflakes
(Tilts of the body to the right, to the left.)
We dance day and night.
(Added step to the right and left.)
We whitewashed the trees
(Rise on toes with raising hands, return to ip)
The earth was covered with velvet
(Squat with arms extended.)
And saved from the cold.
(Return to ip with arms extended to the sides and down.)
"Owl-owl".
Oh, you owl-owl,
(I.p.: o.s. Hands on shoulders, circular movements.)
You are a big head!
(Hands on the back of the head, tilts to the left, to the right.)
You were sitting on a tree
(High knees.)
You turned your head
(Head turns to the right, to the left.)
Fell into the grass
Rolled into the hole.
(Deep forward bend. 2 squats.)
If you like it, then do this (2 clicks above your head.)
If you like it, then do this (2 claps.)
If you like it, then do it like this (2 claps behind the knees.)
If you like it, then do it like this (2 stamps with your feet.)
If you like it, then tell me "Good!"
If you like it, then show it to others.
If you like it, then do it.
(2 clicks, 2 claps, 2 claps, 2 stomp, "Okay!")
Here we spread our hands
As if surprised
And each other to the ground
They bowed to the belt!
Bent over, straightened up.
Bent over, straightened up.
Below, children, bow down,
Don't be lazy, smile.
« Khomka.
Homka, hamster, hamster (Children puff out their cheeks)
Striped barrel. (stroke their sides)
Homka gets up early, (Stretching movements)
Washes cheeks, rubs neck, (rubbing face and neck)
Homka sweeps the hut (movements imitate sweeping)
And goes out to charge (marching in place)
One, two, three, four, five (3-4 movements imitating charging)
Homka wants to become strong. (Tension of the muscles of the arms)
"We stomp our feet."
We stomp our feet
We clap our hands
We nod our heads.
We raise our hands
We lower our hands
And we start writing again.
Finger gymnastics.
The hedgehog stomped along the path
And he carried mushrooms in a basket.
You need to curl your fingers.
(Children bend their fingers in turn, first on the left, then on the right hand.
At the end of the exercise, their hands should be clenched into fists.)
“We came to school with you” - Children march in place.
“They found all their friends” - Hands on the belt. Tilts from left to right
“We will write at school” - Squeezing-unclenching fingers on outstretched
“And of course, and of course, we will know a lot, a lot!” - Children make
several "squats" at the desk and getting up because of it.
We chop cabbage, chop,
(sweeping hand movements like an axe)
We mash cabbage
("mash cabbage")
We salt-salt cabbage,
("take" a pinch of salt and "salt")
We are eating cabbage.
(flexion and extension of the hands)
The sun is sleeping, the sky is sleeping, - (they put their head in their hands)
Even the wind doesn't make noise.
The sun rose early in the morning
They sent their rays to everyone - (hands up with fingers apart)
Suddenly a breeze blew - (wave your arms from side to side with inclinations
torso)
The sky was clouded with a cloud - (circular movements of the hands to the left, then to the right)
The rain pounded on the roofs.
Drumming rain on the roof - (drumming fingers on the table)
The sun is sinking lower and lower.
That's hidden behind the clouds
Not a single ray is visible - (gradually they sit down and put their head in their hands).
We walk through the forest together
We walk through the forest together
We are not in a hurry, we are not behind.
Here we go to the meadow. (Walking in place.)
A thousand flowers around! (Sipping - arms to the sides.)
Here is a chamomile, a cornflower,
Lungwort, porridge, clover.
The carpet is spread
And right and left. (Bend over and touch the left foot with the right hand,
then vice versa - the right foot with the left hand.)
Hands stretched to the sky
The spine was stretched. (Sipping - hands up.)
We all had time to rest
And they sat down again. (Children sit down.)
The mice came out
The mice came out once (Walking in place or moving forward in
column.)
See what time it is. (Turns left, right, fingers "tube"
before your eyes.)
One, two, three, four (claps overhead with hands.)
The mice pulled the weights. (Hands up and squats with lowering hands
"pulled the weights").
Suddenly there was a terrible ringing, (clapping in front of him.)
The mice ran away. (Running in place or to your place.)
A turkey walks around the yard Steps in place
Among ducks and girlfriends.
Suddenly he saw a rook (Stop, look in surprise
Got pissed off.
Hastily stomped (Stomp your feet)
He flapped his wings (Hands, like wings, pat yourself
On the sides)
All swollen like a ball (Hands on the belt)
Or a copper samovar. (clasp rounded hands in front of chest)
Shaking his beard (Shake his head, saying "bala - bala -
bala" like a turkey)
Rushed with an arrow. (Running in place)
Who is this? What is this?
How to guess?
Who is this? What is this?
How to unravel? Turns left and right with outstretched arms.
Hands are raised up. Perform swinging movements left and right.
This is a fishing boat.
Legs shoulder width apart. Hands to the sides, hands raised up. In such
position, swing from side to side.
This is a starfish.
We raise our hands up, squeezing and unclenching our fingers, lower our hands down.
It is, of course, a snail. Hands to the sides, perform circular movements.
I will solve all of you. We spread our hands to the sides.
We'll get some rest
Let's get up, take a deep breath.
Hands to the side, forward
At the edge of the bunny is waiting.
(Children perform movements)
Bunny jumped under a bush,
Inviting us into your home.
(Jumping on one leg,
then on the other, on two at once.)
Hands down, on the belt, up,
We run away from everyone
(Running in place.)
Hands down, on the belt, up,
We run away from everyone.
(Running in place.)
Let's run to class
Let's listen to the story.
(Sit down at desks)
Gymnastics for the eyes.
Oh, how long we wrote, The eyes of the guys are tired.
(Blink your eyes.) Look out the window,
(Look left - right.) Oh, how high the sun is.
(Look up.) We will now close our eyes,
(Close your eyes with your palms.) In the class, we will build a rainbow, up the rainbow
(Look
turn around and then roll down
(Look
(squint
open and blink them.)
"Butterfly".
relax,
massage
pressing them clockwise and counterclockwise.)
And suddenly woke up, (Blink your eyes.)
I didn’t want to sleep anymore, (Raise your hands up (inhale). Look at
Startled, stretched, (Arms bent to the sides (exhale).)
Soared up and flew. (Shake brushes, look to the right-
Hands behind your back, heads back.
Hands behind your back, heads back.
(Close your eyes, relax.) Let your eyes look at the ceiling.
(Open your eyes, look up.) Let's lower our heads - look at the desk.
(Down.) And up again - where is the fly flying there?
(Up.) Let's turn our eyes, look for her.
(On the sides.) And we read again. A little more.
Pinocchio-Pinocchio draws with his pancake curious nose. All
exercises are accompanied by eye movements.
"Sun"- soft movements of the nose in a circle.
"Carrot"- turning the head to the right to the left, with the nose “draw” a carrot.
"Tree"- tilts forward - backward, with the nose we “draw” a tree.
"Circle"- imagine a big circle. Circle his eyes first
clockwise, then counterclockwise.
"Square"- Ask the children to imagine a square. Translation of look
from the top right corner to the bottom left - to the top left, to the right
simultaneously
look
imaginary
square.
"Pinocchio" - offer
look
imagine that their nose starts to grow, they continue with closed
follow the tip of the nose with your eyes. Then, without opening your eyes, with the reverse
counting from 1 to 8, monitor the decrease in the spout.
eye exercise
P.p. - sitting at the desk.
1. Close your eyes. Rest 10-15 sec. Open eyes. Repeat 2-3 times.
2. Movements with eyeballs.
Eyes to the right - up.
Eyes to the left - up.
Eyes to the right - down, - eyes to the left - down.
Repeat 3-4 times. Close your eyes. Rest 10-15 sec.
1. Self-massage. Rub your palms. Close your eyes, put your hands over your eyes,
fingers together. Hold 1 sec. Palms on the table. Open eyes.
Breathing exercises
(according to Strelnikova)
Exercise rules.
1. During breathing exercises, it is necessary
breathe only through the nose.
2. Inhalation is done simultaneously with the movement.
3. All breaths-movements are done in the combat step mode, i.e. 55 - 60
breaths per minute.
4. Gymnastics is performed under the count of eight. (Students consider
only to yourself: “and” - inhale, “number” - exhale)
5. The minimum number of exercises is three.
6. It is used without age restrictions from 3-4 years old, standing, sitting and
7. Gymnastics is both curative and preventive.
Complexes of exercises.
"Palms"
I.p. - stand up straight, arms bent at the elbows, elbows down, palms away from you;
Produced
short,
rhythmic
simultaneous
contraction
are happening
on one's own
expulsion with the help of muscles. 4 breaths are taken followed by a pause of 3
to appear
dizziness from a large amount of fresh air).
"The chauffeurs".
I.p. - stand up straight, hands clenched into fists and pressed to the stomach on
belt level. At the moment of inhalation, a sharp push with fists down, after which
hands return to sp. with simultaneous exhalation. Hands above
lift up.
Fulfill
breaths, movements
breaks between the 8th - 3-4 seconds. Performed standing, sitting, lying down.
"Cat"
get off the floor. On inspiration, a half-squat is done with simultaneous
turn
torso
grasping
movement at waist level. The back is straight.
"Pump"
I.p. - stand up straight, legs slightly narrower than shoulder width, feet should not
off the floor, arms along the body.
On inhalation, a slight bow is made, hands reach for the floor, but do not touch it.
As you exhale, straighten up slightly, but do not go into the main stance. Back
Restrictions:
spine,
high blood pressure.
"Hug your shoulders"
I.p. - stand up straight, legs slightly narrower than shoulder width, feet should not
off the floor, arms bent at the elbows and raised to shoulder level.
towards
deep breath at the same time. Hands go parallel to each other. At
return to i.p. - passive exhalation Limitations: congenital defect
"Big Pendulum"
I.p. - stand up straight, legs slightly narrower than shoulder width, feet should not
get off the floor. Tilt forward, hands reach for the floor - inhale. Slightly
bending back in the lower back, arms hugging the shoulders and also inhale.
going on
Restrictions:
spine, osteochondrosis, displacement of intervertebral discs.
"Head Turns"
I.p. - stand up straight, legs slightly narrower than shoulder width, feet should not
get off the floor. Turning the head to the right is a noisy short breath.
Turning the head to the left - noisy short breath. Head in the middle
stops, the neck does not strain. Exhale through the mouth during the shift
Exercise to improve hearing.
Working on improving vision has a positive effect on hearing. And, in
improvement
renders
fruitful
impact on the organs of vision. Here are some development exercises
Bend the top of the ear down. Unbend, bend, as if
rolling and rolling the ear. Ears should be warm.
Find a dimple near the tragus. Pressed on the dimples of both ears at once -
released, pressed, released.
They pressed their fingers on the earlobes, massaged, released.
We massage the whole ear in a circular motion in one direction, in the other.
You need to massage both ears at once.
We begin to pull ourselves by the ears - first 20 times down, and then we take on
middle and pull also 20 times.
Grasp the earlobe again and massage it well.
Pull the ears to the side - again 20 times.
Now we bend them forward, and then in the opposite direction (20 times)
Used Books:
AST-PRESS, 1997
O. Moskalenko Fizkultminutki in elementary school. - M .: Graf-press,
Kovalko V.I. Younger students in the classroom. M: Eksmo Education, 2007
Abramova
Bochkareva
Health saving
technologies
elementary school, Samara, 2004
Kovalko V.I. Health-saving technologies at school. 1-4 class, M.,
Kovalko V.I. Junior schoolchildren in the lesson: 1000 educational games,
exercises, physical education minutes (grades 1-4), M., Eksmo, 2007
Vetrova Elizabeth
Physical education in preschool
The need for motor activity in preschool children is very high. Restriction of activity during this period can lead to a delay in the mental and speech development of the child. It is important to encourage various forms of motor activity: outdoor and sports games, exercises for the development of vital movements (walking, running, crawling, climbing, throwing, balance exercises). The main means of developing motor skills in preschool educational institutions are physical education classes.
Apart from physical education classes in preschool, the motor activity of children must be developed by increasing the dynamic component of various types activities: introduction physical culture breaks and physical education minutes during classes, accompanying everyday moments with various nursery rhymes and movements, motor discharges during games, dynamic pauses between classes, etc.
PHYSICAL MINUTES - short-term physical exercises - is carried out in the middle, senior and preparatory groups during the break between classes, as well as in the process of classes that require intellectual stress (development of speech, drawing, mathematics, etc.).
Physical education a minute as a form of active recreation during sedentary activities is widely used with preschool children.
The purpose of the physical education minutes - to increase or maintain the mental performance of children in the classroom (in terms of counting, speech development, etc., to provide short-term active rest for preschoolers during classes when the organs of vision and hearing experience a significant load; the muscles of the body, especially the back, which are in static condition; muscles of the hand of the working hand.
Often the child shows in the classroom "motor anxiety". He seeks to change his posture, his attention drops, he is distracted. This indicates mental fatigue, which is recognized primarily by a decrease in attention. As a result of prolonged static stress, the child’s back stoops, shoulders sag, blood circulation slows down, which leads to a violation of posture, negatively affects the work of the vital functions of the body, and as a result negatively affects the health of the preschooler.
Studies show the need to change activities every 20 minutes
Physical education minute promotes a change in posture and nature of activity through motor activity.
Thanks to the exercises included in physical education minute, children improve posture, increase metabolism in the body, develop voluntary attention and memory, the ability to concentrate, children receive a variety of sensory impressions, and a positive emotional state is restored.
For physical education minutes make up a set of exercises that includes 3-4 simple exercises for large muscle groups (legs, arms, shoulder girdle, torso, activating breathing and blood circulation, pull-ups, tilts, torso turns. On physical education minutes you can widely use hand exercises and various hand gestures with balls, nuts, hexagonal pencil, massage balls, hand expanders; cross movements; systematic exercises like "Castle Pose"; exercises "Owl", "Smart Hat" etc. Included in physical education minute also jumping and walking. They are performed within 1.5-2 minutes.
Initially, exercises of an imitative-imitative nature are offered for kids - how birds drink water, how it rains, how leaves fall, how snowflakes spin, how a train rides, etc.
Duration physical culture breaks, Unlike physical culture minutes, somewhat longer. In addition to gymnastic exercises in complexes physical education pauses are useful to include sedentary games.
Funny poems and funny nursery rhymes, a variety of exercises that imitate the movements of their content, allow for an interesting, meaningful and bright exercise at any time as soon as the teacher notices that the attention of the children becomes scattered and they need to cheer up.
The children should learn the movement of each exercise together with the teacher, so that later they perform them on their own, only after hearing the name. physical education minutes or looking at a picture with an illustration for a particular nursery rhyme or poem.
The most favorable time for physical education minutes it should be considered the transition between the stages of work in one lesson, when you need to switch the attention of children from one activity to another or the second half of the lesson, when the teacher notices the children's fatigue. In the second case, it is often difficult to catch the right moment, but with a good knowledge of the group of children and the ability to observe them, this is quite accessible.
But it must be borne in mind that with a great interest of children in the lesson, especially when visual aids are used, physical education minute may hinder its success. Therefore, not all classes require the introduction physical education minutes as a required element.
For example, in music education classes there is no need to include physical education minute, such classes, as a rule, are full of movements, songs that do not let children get tired, but, on the contrary, invigorate them, increase the emotional mood of children for work.
Also, not every class in fine arts necessarily needs physical education minute If children are given an interesting topic for creativity, then they, as a rule, without being distracted with enthusiasm, work on it until the end of the result. If the teacher sees that the children are working with concentration, then spend physical education should not be.
However, if children draw with pencils, then their fingers quickly get tired due to the still insufficiently developed fine motor skills, and in this case, take rest in the form physical education minutes for the muscles of the hands is simply necessary. It is also needed in literacy classes, the development of elementary mathematical concepts that require great perseverance and attention of children.
KINDS PHYSICAL MINUTES
All physical education minutes can be roughly divided into three groups:
1. Physical education minutes, which can be carried out in any class in the second half, when children are noticeably tired, or between different types of work, when it is necessary to switch the attention of children from one type of activity to another in order to increase the efficiency of assimilation of the material given in the lesson and in order to take care of the health of preschoolers , strengthening their body.
To such physical education minutes include poems and nursery rhymes that include exercises that cover large muscle groups. These are exercises associated with sipping, straightening the spine; light running, walking in place, jumps, squats at a fast pace, leaning to the sides, swinging arms, etc., accompanied by text, usually in poetic form. Heroes and characters physical education - mice, black cat, hamster, grasshopper, hare, bears rooster, stork, beetle, crow; swimmers; trees, etc.
2. Physical education minutes, including exercises for the muscles of the hands. They are carried out with the aim of resting the fingers of children after holding a brush or pencil in their hands for a long time in visual activity classes in all kindergarten groups and in literacy classes in older groups.
These are exercises for flexion and extension of the hands, their abduction and adduction, circular movements in the wrist joint; the same movements and fingers. These are physical education minutes as: "Flowers", "Pigs", "Brother, where have you been?", "Fingers", "Two sisters" and others. They give children the opportunity to relax, at the same time develop their speech and fine motor skills.
3. Physical education minutes, which can be carried out on morning exercises with purpose: to make them more interesting, varied, bright, expressive and meaningful. It has been noticed that children with great desire and enthusiasm do the same exercises familiar to them, if they are carried out in a playful, poetic form, and not according to the usual pattern.
This group includes, basically, the same exercises as the first one, which cover large muscle groups, but in the content of the text physical education is about charging, bending, sipping, etc. These are physical education minutes as: "Charger", Pinocchio, "Sun", "Maple", "Wind", "Locomotive", "Watch", "Bear clubfoot", "Soldier", "Butterflies", "Funny ball", "Walk" and others.
In the selection of exercises and poems for physical education must be remembered that this is a kind of game and you need to be guided by the following recommendations:
1. Before getting to know physical education minute it is necessary to discuss its content, working out the necessary gestures, combinations of fingers, movements. This will not only prepare children for the correct exercise, but also create the necessary emotional mood.
2. Exercises should be familiar to children and easy to perform; they should cover mainly large muscle groups. These are exercises associated with sipping, straightening the spine. Sometimes it is advisable to include walking in place, jumping, squatting at a fast pace. In some cases, for example, if the children held a pencil or a brush in their hands for a long time, it is advisable to include an exercise for the muscles of the hand hands: flexion and extension, abduction and adduction, circular movements in the wrist joint; the same finger movements.
3. Exercises should be performed together with children, while demonstrating their own passion for playing in the form physical education minutes.
4. Speak texts physical education minutes The educator should as much as possible expressively: then, raising, then lowering the voice, making pauses, emphasizing individual words, and performing movements synchronously with the text or in pauses.
5. When repeating physical education minutes children often begin to pronounce the text partially (especially the beginning or end of phrases). Gradually, the text is learned by heart, the children pronounce it in its entirety, correlating words with movements.
6. Don't give your kids multiple challenges at once. (for example, show movements and speak text). The amount of attention in children, especially younger groups, is limited, and an impossible task can "beat off" interest in physical education minute.
7. Encourage children to sing along, talk along with you, "don't notice" if they do something wrong at first, reward them for success.
8. Physical education minutes, as well as other poems and games, encourage children to be creative, and in the case when a child comes up with his own, even if not very successful, movements for texts, he should be praised and shown his creative achievements to other children, parents.
9. Choosing two or three physical education minutes gradually replace them with new ones. The most liked verses and exercises can be left in your repertoire and returned to them at the request of the children.
10. Never force to do physical education minute if the child does not want to. Try to understand, understand the reasons for the failure, if possible, eliminate them (e.g. by changing the assignment) or change physical education minute by choosing a similar one.
12. If you see that the children are working with concentration, then spend physical education should not be, otherwise you can scatter their attention, distract from the task and then return the children to work will be very difficult.
EXAMPLES PHYSICAL MINUTES:
Hare in the woods for housewarming
Invites to fun.
(Hands on the belt, turns to the right and left)
Let's go to the forest to him now,
We are waiting for a visit today.
(walking in circles)
Legs top, top, top - we go around the corner.
Hands clap, clap, clap - we are a cheerful people!
(Clap in front of the chest and continue to walk)
Raise your legs up -
We walk through the snowdrifts.
(Raise your knees high as you move forward)
Smile at the sun in the sky
(We raise our hands up, rise on our toes, smile)
And bow to the trees.
(lean forward)
Let's jump across the ditch
(Jumping on two legs moving forward)
To the hare we go to the oak forest!
(walking in circles)
Pinocchio stretched,
Ras-bent down, two-bent down,
Raised hands to the sides
Apparently the key was not found.
To get him the key
You have to get on your toes.
Stay strong Pinocchio,
Here it is - the golden key
Department of internal and personnel policy of the Belgorod region
Regional State Autonomous
professional educational institution
"Shebekinsky Agrotechnical Craft College"
on the implementation of complexes of exercises of physical education minutes
Prepared by:
Physical education teacher
Iqualification category
Lazareva Xenia Alexandrovna
Head of Physical Education
highest qualification category
Pitaev Ruslan Rashidovich
Shebekino,
2015
Physical education minute (FM) helps to relieve local fatigue. According to the content of FM, they are different and are intended for a specific effect on a particular muscle group or body system, depending on well-being and a feeling of fatigue.
Physical education sessions are held during lessons and consist of 2-3 exercises aimed at relieving tension in the muscles of the back, fingers, shoulder girdle, and organs of vision.
All general education lessons in an educational institution should include physical culture “minutes” (1-2 minutes) and physical culture pauses (3-4 minutes) to increase attention, mental performance and emotional tone. In addition, they help reduce the static load on the spine and prevent posture disorders.
These forms of physical culture and health-improving classes are carried out in groups during the period of fatigue in the classroom (approximately at the 10th and 20th minute), with the exception of tests and some practical exercises.
The time for physical education sessions is determined by the teacher leading the lesson.
You should open the window, loosen the restrictive clothing (belt, buttons).
The options for performing physical education complexes are different: sitting at a desk or standing near it. The pace of the exercises is slow and medium.
Complexes of physical culture minutes are selected depending on the type of lesson, its content. Exercises should be varied, since monotony reduces interest in them, and, consequently, their effectiveness.
Physical education is also recommended during homework. At home, students repeat the complexes of physical exercises already familiar to them while doing their homework, while studying on the computer, while reading books or watching TV shows.
We offer options for sets of exercises to relieve tension from the eyes, to improve cerebral circulation, to relieve fatigue from the shoulder girdle and arms, to relieve fatigue from the torso and legs, as well as complexes of general impact.
Complexes of exercises for the eyes
Exercises are performed sitting or standing, with rhythmic breathing, with a maximum amplitude of eye movement.
Option 1
1. Close your eyes, strongly straining your eye muscles, at the expense of 1-4, then open your eyes, relaxing the muscles of the eyes, look into the distance at the expense of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.
2. Look at the bridge of your nose and hold your gaze at the expense of 1-4. Do not bring your eyes to fatigue. Then open your eyes, look into the distance at the expense of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.
3. Without turning your head, look to the right and fix your eyes on the count 1-4, then look into the distance directly on the count 1-6. Exercises are carried out in a similar way, but with fixation of the gaze to the left, up and down. Repeat 3-4 times.
4. Move your gaze quickly diagonally: up to the right - down to the left, then straight into the distance at the expense of 1-6; then left up right down and look into the distance at the expense of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.
Option 2
1. Close your eyes, without straining the eye muscles, at the expense of 1-4, open your eyes wide and look into the distance at the expense of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times
2. Look at the tip of the nose for a count of 1-4, and then look into the distance for a count of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.
3. Without turning your head (head straight), make slowly circular movements with your eyes up-right-down-left and in the opposite direction: up-left-down-right. Then look into the distance at the expense of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.
4. With a motionless head, move the gaze with fixing it to the count 1-4 up, to the count 1-6 straight; then in the same way down-straight) to the right-straight, to the left-straight. Make a movement diagonally in one direction and the other with the translation of the eyes directly to the account 1-6. Repeat 3-4 times.
Option 3
1. Keep your head straight. Blink, without straining the eye muscles, at the expense of 10-15.
2. Without turning your head (head straight) with your eyes closed, look to the right for a count of 1-4, then to the left for a count of 1-4 and straight for a count of 1-6. Raise your eyes up to a count of 1-4, lower them down to a count of 1-4 and look directly at a count of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.
3. Look at the index finger, at a distance of 25-30 cm from the eyes, at the expense of 1-4, then look away at the expense of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.
4. At an average pace, do 3-4 circular movements to the right side, the same amount to the left side and, having relaxed the eye muscles, look into the distance at the expense of 1-6. Repeat 1-2 times.
Physical education minute of general impact
Option 1
1. I.p - o.s. 1-2 - stand on your toes, arms up and out, reach up for your hands. 3-4 - in arcs to the sides, arms down and relaxed in front of the chest, tilt the head forward. Repeat 6-8 times. The pace is fast.
2. I.p. - stand legs apart, arms forward., 1 - turn the body to the right, swing the left hand to the right, right back behind the back. 2 i.p. 3-4 - the same in the other direction. Exercises are performed sweepingly, dynamically. Repeat 6-8 times. The pace is fast.
3. I.p. 1- bend the right leg forward and, clasping the lower leg with your hands, pull the leg to the stomach. 2 - put a leg, arms up and out. 3-4
The same with the other leg. Repeat 6-8 times. The pace is average.
Option 2
1. I.p. - o.s. 1-2 - arcs inward two circles with hands in the front plane. 3-4 - the same, but circles outward. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is average.
2. I.p. - stand legs apart, right hand forward, left on the belt. 1-3 - circle with the right hand down in the lateral plane with the body turning to the right. 4 - finishing the circle, right hand on the belt, left forward. The same on the other side. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is average.
3. I.p. - o.s. 1 - with a step to the right, arms to the sides. 2 - two springy slopes to the right. Hands on the belt. 4 - i.p. 1-4 is the same to the left. Repeat 4-6 times on each side. The pace is average.
Option 3
1. I.p. - stand legs apart, 1-hands back. 2-3 - arms to the sides and up, stand on your toes, 4-relaxing the shoulder girdle, arms down with a slight inclination forward. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is slow.
2. I.p. - stand legs apart, arms bent forward, hands in fists. 1 - with the body turned to the left "hit" with the right hand forward. 2 - i.p. 3-4 - the same in the other direction. Repeat 6-8 times. Don't hold your breath.
Option 4
1. I.p - hands to the sides. 1-4 - figure-of-eight hand movements. 5-8 - the same, but in the other direction. Do not strain your hands. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is slow. Breathing is arbitrary.
2. I.p. - stand legs apart, hands on the belt. 1-3 - three springy movements of the pelvis to the right, keeping the i.p. shoulder girdle. 4 i.p. Repeat 4-6 times on each side. The pace is average. Don't hold your breath.
3. I.p. - o.s. 1 - arms to the sides, torso and head turn to the left. 2 - hands up. 3 - hands behind the head. 4 - i.p. Repeat 4-6 times on each side. The pace is slow.
Physical education to improve cerebral circulation
Tilts and turns of the head have a mechanical effect on the walls of the cervical blood vessels, increase their elasticity, irritate the vestibular apparatus and cause the expansion of the blood vessels of the brain. Breathing exercises, especially breathing through the nose, change the blood supply to the vessels. All this enhances cerebral circulation, increases its intensity and facilitates mental activity.
Option 1
1. I.p. - o.s. 1 - hands behind the head; spread your elbows wider, tilt your head back. 2 - elbows forward. 3-4 - arms relaxed down, head tilted forward. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is slow.
2. I.p. - stand legs apart, hands in fists, 1-max left hand back, right up - back. 2 - with oncoming swings, change the position of the hands. Mahi finish with jerks with hands back. Repeat 6-8 times. The pace is average.
3. I.p. - sitting on a chair. 1-2 take your head back and gently tilt back. 3-4 - tilt your head forward, do not raise your shoulders. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is slow.
Option 2
1. I.p. - standing or sitting, hands on the belt. 1-2 - circle with the right hand back with a turn of the torso and head to the right. 3-4 - the same with the left hand. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is slow.
2. I.p. - standing or sitting, arms to the sides, palms forward, fingers apart. 1 - wrapping your arms around your shoulders as tightly as possible and further. 2 - sp .. The same to the left. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is fast.
3. I.p. - sitting on a chair, hands on the belt. 1 - turn your head to the right. 2 - i.p. The same to the left. Repeat 6-8 times. The pace is slow.
Physical education to relieve fatigue from the shoulder girdle and arms
Dynamic exercises with alternating tension and relaxation of individual muscle groups of the shoulder girdle and arms, improve blood circulation, reduce tension.
Option 1
1. I.p. – o.s. 1 - raise your shoulders. 2 - lower your shoulders. Repeat 6-8 times, then pause for 2-3 seconds, relax the muscles of the shoulder girdle. The pace is slow.
2. I.p. – arms bent in front of the chest. 1 - 2 - two springy jerks back with bent arms. 3 - 4 - the same with straight arms. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is average.
3. I.p. - leg stance apart. 1 - 4 - four consecutive circles with arms back. 5 - 8 - the same forward. Do not strain your arms, do not turn your body. Repeat 4-6 times. End with relaxation. The pace is average.
Option 2
1. I.p. - o.s. - brushes in fists. Counter swings with arms forward and backward. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is average.
2. I.p. - o.s. 1-4 - with arcs to the sides of the arms up, at the same time making small funnel-shaped movements with them. 5-8 - arcs to the sides of the arms relaxed down and shake the brushes. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is average.
3. I.p. - with the back of the hand on the belt. 1-2 - bring forward, tilt your head forward. 3-4 - elbows back, bend. Repeat 6-8 times, then arms down and shake relaxed. The pace is slow.
Option 3
1. I.p. - stand legs apart, arms to the sides, palms up. 1.- arc upwards relaxed right hand to the left with clapping in the palm of your hand, at the same time turn the body to the left. 2 - i.p. 3-4 - the same in the other direction. Do not strain your hands. Repeat 6-8 times. The pace is average.
2. I.p. - o.s. 1 - hands forward, palms down. 2-4 zigzag hand movements to the sides. 5-6 - hands forward. 7-8 - arms relaxed down. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is average.
3. I.p. - o.s. 1 - hands freely swing to the sides, bend slightly. 2 - relaxing the muscles of the shoulder girdle, "drop" the arms and raise them crosswise in front of the chest. Repeat 6-8 times. The pace is average.
Option 4
1. I.p. - o.s. 1 - arcs inward, arms up - to the sides, bend over, head back. 2 - hands behind the head, tilt the head forward. 3 - "drop" hands. 4 - i.p. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is average.
2. I.p. - hands to shoulders, hands in fists. 1-2 - tensely turn the arms with the forearms and straighten them to the sides, the hands with the back side forward. 3 - arms relaxed down. 4 - i.p. Repeat 6-8 times, then relax down and shake with brushes. The pace is average.
3. I.p. - o.s. 1 - right hand forward, left up. 2 - change the position of the hands. Repeat 3-4 times, then relax down and shake your hands, tilt your head forward. The pace is average.
Physical education to relieve fatigue from the torso and legs
Physical exercises for the muscles of the legs, abdomen and back increase venous circulation in these parts of the body and help prevent congestion of blood and lymph circulation, swelling in the lower extremities.
Option 1
1. I.p. - o.s. 1 - step to the left, hands to the shoulders, bend. 2-i.p. 3-4 - the same in the other direction. Repeat 6-8 times. The pace is slow.
2. I.p. - stand legs apart. 1 - crouching emphasis. 2 - i.p. 3- tilt forward, hands in front. 4 - i.p. Repeat 6-8 times. The pace is average.
3. I.p. - stand legs apart, hands behind the head. 1-3 - circular movements of the pelvis in one direction. 4-6 - the same in the other direction. 7-8 - hands down and shake your hands in a relaxed way. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is average.
Option 2
1. I.p. - o.s. 1 - lunge to the left, arms arcing inward, up to the sides. 2 - with a push of the left leg, put the arches inward with the arms down. 3-4 - the same in the other direction. Repeat 6-8 times. The pace is average.
2. I.p. - o.s. 1-2 - squat on toes, knees apart, arms forward - to the sides. 3 - stand on the right, swing the left back, arms up. 4 - put the left, hands freely down and shake your hands. 5-8-the same with a swing of the right foot back. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is average.
3. I.p. - stand legs apart. 1-2 - tilt forward, the right hand slides down along the leg, the left, bending, up along the body. 3-4 - i.p. 5-8 is the same in the other direction. Repeat 6-8 times. The pace is average.
Option 3
1. I.p. - hands crossed in front of the chest. 1 - swing the right leg to the side, arms with arcs down, to the sides. 2 - i.p. 3-4 - the same in the other direction. Repeat 6-8 times. The pace is average.
2. I.p. - stand legs apart wider, arms up - to the sides. 1- semi-squat on the right, turn the left leg with the knee inward, hands on the belt. 2 - i.p. 3-4 is the same in the other direction. Repeat 6-8 times. The pace is average.
3. I.p. - lunge left forward. 1 - swing your arms to the right with a turn of the torso to the right. 2 - swing arms to the left with a turn of the torso to the left. Perform exercises with sweepingly relaxed hands. The same with the right lunge. Repeat 6-8 times. The pace is average.
Option 4
1. I.p. - stand legs apart, arms to the right. 1 - half-crouching and bending over, hands swing down. Unbending the right leg, straightening the body and transferring the weight of the body to the left leg, swinging the arms to the left. 2 is the same on the other side. Perform exercises together. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is average.
2. I.p. - hands to the side. 1-2 - squat, knees together, hands behind the back. 3 - straightening the legs, leaning forward, touch the floor with your hands. 4- i.p. Repeat 6-8 times. The pace is average.
3. I.p. - stand legs apart, hands behind the head. 1 - sharply return the pelvis to the right. 2 - sharply turn the pelvis to the left. During turns, the shoulder girdle should remain motionless. Repeat 6-8 times. The pace is average.
