Phraseologism in Russian with examples. Phraseologisms with the word "head"

It is useful for schoolchildren to know what phraseologism is, since this concept is often required at school. Phraseologism is a stable indivisible combination of words in which words stand in certain forms and in certain places. Phraseologism should be perceived only as a whole lexical unit, and not add up its meaning from the meanings of individual words included in it.

The essence and signs of phraseological units

To understand what Russian phraseological units are, it is necessary to understand the main meaning of these expressions. The meaning of such statements is to vividly and emotionally express this or that thought.

It is also customary to single out several main features that are inherent in phraseological units.

The first and most important feature is the stability of this phrase. In phraseological units, one cannot interchange words or replace them with synonyms, since this will lose the meaning of the expression. For example, the phrase “whatever it takes” cannot be pronounced as “whatever happens to me” or otherwise modify this expression.

It is also worth remembering that many phraseological units can be replaced with one word that fully conveys the meaning of the statement. For example, such a phraseological unit as "headlong" is easily replaced by the word "quickly". This is the second sign of phraseological units.

The third feature of phraseological units is their history of origin. The fact is that in some expressions the direct meaning has changed to a figurative one. In other words, such an expression of the railroad as "to confuse", which had a direct meaning, received a figurative meaning in a phraseological unit that means "to confuse someone".

The history of phraseological units with examples

If you understand in more detail, then the question of what phraseological units are, examples will explain in the best possible way. They can be considered from the point of view of the occurrence of these expressions.

For example, the expression "money does not smell" has its own history. This phraseological unit describes the attitude towards money. It means that a person is somewhat illegible in the ways of obtaining material wealth. There was such a statement thanks to the emperor Vespasian. When he introduced a tax on public toilets, his son approached him and reproached him for this act. The emperor took out the first money collected from this tax and asked if they had a smell, to which he received a negative answer from his son.

Phraseologism "there is nothing behind the soul" has several formulations. Some interpret its meaning in such a way that a person has no money. Others prefer to talk like that about completely unspiritual people. This expression appeared in those days when it was believed that the soul of a person is located in a recess in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe collarbones. Also, a bag of money used to be kept near this recess. Hence the meaning of the expression “there is nothing behind the soul” - there is no money.

Each person, usually without knowing it, uses several phraseological units in his speech every day. Some of them exist in the Russian language for several centuries.

What are phraseological units, what are their distinguishing features and why are they needed? We will try to answer all these questions.

Phraseological units are called stable phrases that are used to make speech expressive, dynamic, better convey emotions, etc. Phraseologisms can be found in oral speech, in fiction, they are widely used in journalism and politics. Perhaps, to a lesser extent, they are found only in official documents and specialized literature.

Phraseological units are widespread in Russian. They are necessary so that the speaker can express his attitude to what he is saying, show his temperament and mental alertness. From the point of view of vocabulary, the main meaning of the phrase, which is a phraseological unit, can be conveyed in one word, but without emotional overtones.

Phraseologisms surprise with their stability: it is impossible to make changes in them without destroying their meaning. Even a simple word form destroys a phraseological unit. At the same time, the process of formation of new phraseological units is constantly taking place in the language, and obsolete ones are gradually being phased out.

The main task of these phrases is to influence the imagination of the interlocutor or reader in order to make what was said more prominent, to make him empathize, to feel certain emotions.

Phraseologisms become known to native speakers from early childhood. Often we perceive them under other names - sayings, catchphrases, idiomatic expressions,. For the first time they were described by M.V. Lomonosov when drawing up a plan for a dictionary of the Russian language. However, a serious study of Russian phraseological units began only in the middle of the twentieth century.

Most phraseological units used today have distinct historical roots. So, the expression "give the go-ahead" goes back to the signals of the Russian navy. In the pre-revolutionary alphabet, the letter D was called "good". The “good” signal, transmitted using the naval signal system, meant consent, permission. Hence the meaning of the expression "give good" - to allow, to agree.

A considerable part of phraseological units is based on the transfer of the properties of one object to another. The expression "pot cooks", denoting a smart person, is based on a comparison of the head with a bowler hat: cooks - it means he thinks.

Often the basis of a phraseological unit is a part of a well-known proverb or a stable professional term.


Philologists subdivide phraseological units into their own, which originated in the Russian language, and borrowed ones, which came through translations of foreign literature.

In Russian, phraseological units are found literally at every step. Examples of popular phraseological units:

- like two drops of water - about a striking resemblance;

- at hand - very close;

- one leg here, the other there - to quickly run away on some business;

- slipshod - do the job somehow;

- to reach the handle - to lose human appearance, to sink.

Each of us can remember many similar expressions and phrases in a few minutes - these are phraseological units.

Many phraseological units have been preserved in the Russian language since ancient times. It often happens that the reason for the formation of a phrase has long been forgotten, but it itself lives in folk speech.

Examples:

- Bosom friend - the expression was formed from the old phraseological unit "pour over the Adam's apple", i.e. drink alcohol, get drunk and denotes a person with whom you can "fill in the Adam's apple" without fear of trouble.

- To hack on the nose - in the old days, a wooden die was called a “nose”, on which a worker was given notches for each day worked. Hack on the nose - firmly remember.

- To beat the buckets - to mess around. Baklush called wooden chocks, which were prepared for cutting spoons, breaking off from a birch log. This occupation was considered an easy task, almost idleness.

- Chasing a long ruble - striving for easy money. In the ancient Russian state, the main monetary unit was the hryvnia - an ingot of silver, which was chopped into pieces - rubles. The largest of these pieces was called a long ruble, and to get it means to earn more without making any effort.

- Not two, not one and a half - about something indefinite, without a clear description.

- A double-edged sword is a business or event that can have good or bad consequences.

- Seven Fridays a week - about a capricious, eccentric, fickle person.


- The seventh water on jelly is a very distant relationship.

- Twenty-five again - about something boring, invariably repeating.

The Russian language is so mobile and flexible that it allows you to use many special speech techniques: proverbs, sayings, metaphors and much more. Separately, I want to talk about what phraseology is.

Phraseologisms are called phrases, the meaning of which is able to decorate speech, give it a special emotional connotation. Phraseological turnover is indivisible in meaning, that is, it has the common meaning of all the words included in it. Each word separately does not carry such information load. It is better to consider examples with an explanation of phraseological units.

The horse didn't roll

Ordinary speech would be dry and less emotional if there were no special lexical units in it. - phraseological units. For example, you could say, “I got really angry.” And you can say this way: "I was angry as a dog." The listener has completely different associative images in his mind. The brain perceives the image of an angry dog ​​instantly, at the level of a reflex. Affects life experience accumulated in the subconscious.

Or such an example of the phrase: “I have not yet begun to carry out the planned work.” It sounds much better: “I have not yet rolled a horse.” For a foreigner to understand this is a real headache! What kind of horse and why didn't he roll? And a Russian person instantly grasps the essence of the speaker's problem.

Phraseologism “one foot here, one foot there” very often used in speech. It is literally impossible for a person's legs to be in different places at the same time! But it means that the speaker is already on his way and rushing very fast and is about to be in the right place.

An interesting observation. Phraseological turns sometimes reduce the sharpness of the perception of a negative action and enhance the positive.

Whose authorship?

Many people think about origin of set expressions. Phraseological units have no authors. Or so, the authors are the people. In the process of life, accumulation of experience, people apply their knowledge, transforming it into new forms.

The origin of vivid turns of speech is also associated with literary and historical facts. Everyone has an idea about the exploits of Hercules, and in particular, about one of them - how quickly the strong man managed to clear the stables of King Avgii. The hero showed resourcefulness, coped quickly with an exorbitantly difficult task. He did the seemingly impossible! So it was customary for the people to say: “I’ll go to rake the Augean stables ...” Or: “What a fine fellow, I cleaned the Augean stables!”

In addition to the “rolling horse”, the turnover about "buried dog". Example: “So this is where the dog is buried!” This means that at last there was a solution to a problem or issue that had been haunting for a long time. The topic of the origin of popular expressions with this animal is very popular. Known are the stories of dogs whose graves served as a kind of memory for their owners (they were lost, and then found).

Everyone who deserves punishment, in Russian speech, “is poured into the first number.” It came from the school when the students were flogged with rods. The punishment was effective and the student behaved well until the beginning of the next month of study (until the 1st day).

Let's go through phraseological units

Introducing a small list of turns of speech for reference. They are most often used in relation to a specific person:

Phraseologisms in sentences

Also exists many other catchphrases. It is interesting to look at examples.

1. It's time to "wash your hands". This sentence means that the time has come to move away from the problem, to indicate your non-participation in it.
2. In life, he liked to “go with the flow”. The hero is passive and lived by the will of circumstances, without resisting them in any way.
3. My worries are “a dime a dozen”. There are a lot of things to do.
4. Relatives came to visit - "the seventh water on jelly." Here the degree of kinship is very blurred, there is no way to figure out who - to whom and by whom.
5. He married according to the principle “do not drink water from your face”. This is a sad story, here is an attempt to love the inner world of a person, implying that not everything is in order with the appearance.
6. See you “after the rain on Thursday”. This sentence matters: we will never see each other, and a dismissive attitude towards a person is also shown.
7. In his stories, he liked to "force the atmosphere." This is about a man who obviously exaggerates the complexity and horrors of events in his narratives, heating up the situation.
8. We left home “not salty slurping”. The meaning of the phraseological unit: I had to return without earnings, profit or other result, previously conceived.

The given examples show how vividly, briefly and succinctly phraseological units are able to characterize some situations. They also add to speech shades of sound, semantic accents. Origin may not matter. Moreover, the lexical meaning of phraseological units is integral, it is perceived as a short signal of an associative series stored in a person’s memory.

About labor

Let's talk about phraseological units that mention job or profession. People wrote a lot of sayings, fables and other lexical forms about labor. Let's give examples of phraseological units and their meanings.

Phraseological units for children

Work and acquaintance with phraseological units starts at school. Children are taught to understand set expressions and be able to explain them. Younger students practice in the lessons of their native speech to build statements using phraseological units. Thus, they enrich the vocabulary and lexical stock of knowledge. Children learn to explain phraseological units with one short word or a related phrase.

Phraseologisms are quite simple to understand and remember, according to the age of elementary school children. Consider examples:

• lock your mouth (shut up);
• keep your mouth shut (keep a secret);
• do not believe your ears (be surprised at what you hear);
• nod off (fall asleep);
• lead by the nose (deceive);
• fly headlong (run fast) and others.

The use of phraseological units in elementary school contributes to the development of their "feelings of language" inherent in the Russian people. Forms the imagery of thinking, the speed of creation of thought forms. Aphorisms are compiled from pictures or work is underway with texts.

At Russian language lessons, students perform written assignments in which they replace phraseological units with one word (insert the missing word).

At the lessons of literary reading, they learn to compare the images of fairy-tale characters with phraseological phrases. For example, Emelya - “lies and does not blow in the mustache”.

Studying mathematics, they analyze stable phrases: “square head”, “two inches from the pot” and others.

Phraseological units are applicable in various fields of activity, fields of knowledge, life situations. The main thing is to understand their meaning.! A true connoisseur of the Russian language will definitely use winged expressions in his speech both for his own pleasure (create a picture) and for a “red word”.

Phraseology is a branch of the science of language that studies stable combinations of words. Phraseologism is a stable combination of words, or a stable expression. Used to name objects, signs, actions. It is an expression that arose once, became popular and entrenched in the speech of people. The expression is endowed with figurativeness, it can have a figurative meaning. Over time, the expression can take on a broad meaning in everyday life, partially including the original meaning or completely excluding it.

The phraseological unit as a whole has lexical meaning. The words included in the phraseological unit separately do not convey the meaning of the entire expression. Phraseologisms can be synonymous (at the end of the world, where the raven did not bring bones) and antonymous (lift up to heaven - trample into the dirt). Phraseologism in a sentence is one member of the sentence. Phraseologisms reflect a person and his activities: work (golden hands, fool around), social relations (bosom friend, put sticks in wheels), personal qualities (turn up your nose, sour mine), etc. Phraseologisms make the statement expressive, create imagery. Set expressions are used in works of art, in journalism, in everyday speech. Set expressions are otherwise called idioms. Many idioms in other languages ​​- English, Japanese, Chinese, French.

To clearly see the use of phraseological units, refer to their list on the page below or.

This page contains phraseological units of various kinds, everything is described in detail and sorted out, so that everything is convenient. Otherwise, they are called phraseological turns. These are phrases that, in terms of the composition of their words, do not correspond to true words, but at the same time are solidary in meaning. Proverbs and sayings do not count :-)

As you have already noticed, sorted into groups. The most popular of them concern water, body parts (nose, tongue, etc.) and bread. And also about animals and food. So let's go.

Phraseologisms with the word "water" and related to it

Storm in a teacup- strong excitement or irritability over trifles.
It is written with a pitchfork on the water- purely theoretical; that is, it is not known what will happen next.
Carry water in a sieve- to waste time in vain, to idle.
Get water in your mouth- to be silent, as if in fact the mouth is full of water.
Bring to clean water- reveal the truth, expose, find out the true face.
Come out dry from water- go unpunished, without consequences.
ride the wave- provoke aggression, raise unnecessary noise.
Money is like water- they disappear very quickly, and it is not so easy to return them.
To stay afloat- to continue to develop in spite of difficulties, to successfully conduct business.
Wait by the sea for the weather- expect pleasant events that are unlikely to wait.
Life abounds- when life is full of bright events, it does not stand still.
How to look into the water- predicted, as if he knew in advance. By analogy with divination by water.
How to sink into the water disappeared, disappeared without a trace.
Down in the mouth- about sadness, sadness.
Like water through your fingers- about what goes quickly and imperceptibly. Usually in pursuit.
As two drops of water- very similar.
How to drink to give- very simple; exactly, no doubt.
Like water off a duck's back- all for nothing. Similar to phraseologism - Come out dry from water.
Like snow on your head- about an impending event. Suddenly, suddenly, out of nowhere.
Sink into oblivion- to disappear forever, to indulge in oblivion.
Bathe in gold about very rich people.
The ice has broken- about the beginning of any business.
Pour water- to show negativity, to provoke.
A lot of water has flowed- a lot of time has passed.
Reckless- about a brave man who cares nothing.
Darker than clouds- Excessive anger.
muddy the waters- confuse, bewilder.
At the top of the wave- to be in favorable conditions.
Do not spill water- about a strong, inseparable friendship.
Pour from empty to empty
To go with the flow- act passively, obeying the prevailing circumstances.
Underwater rocks- about any hidden danger, trick, obstacle.
After the rain on Thursday Never, or not at all soon.
Last straw- about an event in which a person's patience is running out.
Pass fire, water and copper pipes- go through difficult trials, difficult situations.
a dime a dozen- a lot, a lot.
Don't drink water from your face- love a person not for appearance, but for internal qualities.
Get from the bottom of the sea- solve any problem without looking at any difficulties.
Hide the ends in the water- hide the traces of the crime.
Quieter than water, lower than grass- about quiet, modest behavior.
Pound water in a mortar- do something useless.
Wash your hands- to evade participation or responsibility in any business.
pure water- about something obvious, not having any doubts.

Phraseological units with the word "nose" and other parts of the body

grumble under your breath- to grumble, to speak indistinctly.
hang your nose- to be discouraged, upset.
lead by the nose- to deceive, to lie.
Chin up!- a command not to lose heart, not to be upset.
Turn up one's nose- to put oneself above others, to put on airs, to think of oneself as the main one.
Nick down- to remember completely.
nod off- doze with your head down.
Wrinkle your nose- think about a difficult task.
On the nose- about an event that should happen in the near future.
Can't see beyond your nose- limit yourself, do not notice what is happening around.
Nose to nose or Face to face- very close, on the contrary, very close.
Keep your nose to the wind- be aware of all events, make the right decision.
Stay with your nose or Get away with your nose- do without what you expected.
Right under your nose- Very close.
With a goofy nose- about a dove that has a small nose, that is, very little.
Poke your nose into other people's business- about excessive curiosity.
Poke your nose- that is, until you poke your nose, you yourself will not see.
Wipe your nose- to prove one's superiority, to win over someone.
bury your nose- Get completely immersed in something.

speak through teeth- that is, to speak indistinctly, barely opening your mouth.
speak teeth- divert attention from the essence of the conversation.
Know by heart- that is, to know firmly, firmly.
Bare teeth or Show teeth- snarl, get angry; mock.
Too tough- not under force.
Not in the tooth with a foot- to do nothing, to know nothing.
Put your teeth on the shelf- starve, annoy, lacking in something.
Grit your teeth- go into battle without despair. Restrain yourself without showing your weakness.

Keep your mouth shut- be silent, do not say a word.
Long tongue- about a person who likes to talk a lot.
bite your tongue- refrain from words.
Dissolve language- to say too much without refraining.
Tongue swallow- be silent, not having the desire to speak.

Be careful- be careful to avoid an emergency.
Keep ears up- be careful, careful, do not trust anyone.
For eyes and ears- about giving time with a surplus to complete any business.
Can't see your ears- about an item that will never get.
Blush up to your ears- to be very ashamed, embarrassed.
hang your ears- listen with excessive enthusiasm, trust everything.

Eyes popped out- about sincere surprise, amazement.
Eyes lit up- longing for something.
shoot with eyes- expressively, coquettishly look at someone.
Like an eyesore- to bother someone, to annoy.
Pull the wool over someone's eyes- create a false, overly pleasant impression of yourself. Boast.
From point of view- about someone's opinion, judgment on a particular topic.
See through your fingers- look inattentively at the problem, do not be picky.
Ogle- to attract attention, to suck up.

You won't take it in your mouth- about food cooked tastelessly.
Lip no fool- about a person who knows how to choose something to taste.
pout lips- to make a displeased face, to be offended.
Roll your lip- wanting a lot with minimal opportunities.
With an open mouth- listen attentively; be surprised.

Flew out of my head- about forgetfulness, inattention.
Have a head on your shoulders- to be smart, quick-witted.
Puzzle over- to think hard, hard, trying to understand something.
fool your head- to deceive, fool, confuse.
From head to toes- completely, in full growth.
Put upside down- to give the opposite meaning to something, to distort.
Breaking my head- very fast.
Hit your face in the dirt- disgrace, disgrace before someone.

be at hand- about something accessible, close.
Keep yourself in hand- to maintain self-control, to be restrained.
How it was removed by hand- about the quickly passed pain, illness.
Bite your elbows- regret what you have done, with the inability to return back.
Hands down- Do the work diligently, without interruptions.
Hand in hand- about a joint, agreed deal or friendship.
At hand- about an object that is nearby, very close.
Grab with both hands- to take pleasure in any business.
Skillful fingers- about a talented person who skillfully copes with any work.

Get up on the wrong foot- Wake up feeling down.
Wipe your feet (about someone)- to harm, to get on your nerves, to annoy.
making feet- go, move.
Step on your heels- to catch up with someone or pursue, hanging on it.
Legs to hands- Do something immediately.
The devil himself will break his leg- about disorder, chaos in business or anywhere.
Get off your feet- very tired in any business or path.

Phraseologisms with the word "bread"

There is a gift of bread- do no good.
And that bread- about the estate of at least something, than nothing at all.
On your bread- live on your salary, without the possibility of anyone.
Not by bread alone- about a person who lives not only materially, but also spiritually.
Beat bread- to deprive the opportunity to earn money by selecting a job.
Survive from bread to kvass (to water)- to live in poverty, starve.
Sit down on bread and water- eat the cheapest food, save on food.
Daily bread- about the necessary for human life, its existence.
Bread and salt- an expensive greeting to guests, an invitation to the table.
Meal'n'Real!– an exclamation about the filing of vital priorities.
Don't feed bread- about a very busy or rich, not hungry person.

Phraseologisms on the topic of cuisine and food

free cheese- bait, luring into a trap.
Boil in your own juice- live your life. Or help yourself without the help of others.
Not worth a damn- about what is insignificant and not worth any cost.
donut hole- about something empty, not having any content.
For seven miles of jelly slurp- go somewhere unnecessarily.
brew porridge- to create a problem, they say, he brewed it himself - and disentangle it yourself.
And you can’t lure with a roll- about someone who can't be forced to change his mind.
Like chickens in cabbage soup- about getting into unexpected trouble. Kur - in old Russian "rooster".
Like clockwork- very simple, no problem.
Live like a lord- about a profitable, comfortable life.
You can't cook porridge- about joint action with someone with whom there will be no sense.
Milk rivers, kissel banks- about a fabulous, fully provided life.
Not at ease- feel uncomfortable. In an awkward situation.
Not salty slurping- not getting what you expected. To no avail.
For no rugs- an analogue of a phraseological unit And you can’t lure with a roll.
Neither fish nor fowl- about an ordinary person who does not have anything bright, expressive.
cut off hunk- about a person living independently, independent of others.
Professor of sour cabbage soup- about a person who talks about things that he himself does not really know.
Easier than a steamed turnip- nowhere is easier, or very simple.
To fix the mess- Solving complex, advanced problems.
The fish goes out from the head- if the government is bad, then the subordinates will become the same.
Side of the bake- about someone or something unnecessary, optional, secondary.
Seventh water on jelly- about distant relatives, which are difficult to determine.
dog eat- about any business with a rich amount of experience.
Grated roll- about a person with rich life experience, not lost in difficult situations.
Radish horseradish is not sweeter- about an insignificant exchange for something that is not better.
Worse than bitter radish- about something completely unbearable, unbearable.
Nonsense on vegetable oil- that does not deserve any attention. Absurdity.
An hour later, a teaspoon- about inactive, unproductive work.

Phraseologisms with animals

Chasing two rabbits Trying to do two things at the same time.
To make mountains out of molehills- greatly exaggerate.
tease the geese- to annoy someone, to provoke anger.
No brainer (Goat understandable)- about something very clear, obvious.
And the wolves are full, and the sheep are safe- about a situation in which both here and there are good.
look for tails– look for sources for cooperation in any enterprise.
Like a cat with a dog- living together with constant swearing.
Like a chicken paw- to do something carelessly, carelessly, crookedly.
Like a chicken and an egg- about any subject that is difficult to part with.
Like a mouse to groats- to pout, to express dissatisfaction, resentment.
When cancer on the mountain whistles Never, or not at all.
Cats scratch at heart- about a sad, difficult condition or mood.
crocodile tears- crying for no reason, compassion for a non-existent sign.
Chickens for laughter- stupid, absurd, absurd, ridiculous.
Chickens don't peck- a person has a lot of money.
Lion's share- a big advantage in the direction of something. The biggest part.
Martyshkin labor- a useless process of work, vain efforts.
bear stepped on ear- about a person without a musical ear.
bear corner- a remote, isolated place. Far from civilization.
Disservice- help that brings more evil than good.
Cast pearls before swine- to conduct intelligent conversations in front of little understanding fools.
You can't ride on a crooked goat- about any person to whom it is difficult to find an approach.
On a bird's eye- not to have any legal grounds, provisions.
Not in horse food (oats)- about efforts that do not give the expected results.
Don't sew the mare's tail- completely unnecessary, out of place.
I'll show you where the crayfish hibernate- a prediction of revenge, an undesirable position.
Release the red rooster- arson, start a fire
Bird's-eye- from a great height, giving an overview of a large space.
Put a pig- to mischief, to do something unpleasant.
Watch like a ram on a new gate- to look at something with a stupid expression.
dog cold- severe cold, causing inconvenience.
Count the crows- to yawn, to be inattentive to something.
A dark horse- an obscure, little-known person.
Pull the cat's tail- to delay the case, to work very slowly.
Kill two birds with one stone solve two problems at the same time.
Though the wolf howl- about any situation without the possibility of changing it for the better.
The black cat ran- to break off friendly relations, to quarrel.

Phraseological units with objects, other phraseological units

dead hour- for a long time.
Beat the thumbs- to do simple, not so important business.
Throw to the mercy of fate- to leave somewhere without helping and without being interested.
Put a spoke in wheel to intervene, intentionally interfere with someone.
go around the mountain- do something great.
Keep in line- treat someone strictly, for the good of one's will.
Keep your pocket wider- about too high and unrealizable hopes, expectations.
From dirt to Kings- suddenly and abruptly achieve amazing success.
out of the ordinary- different from the usual, special.
Reinvent the wheel- try to do something from an already proven, reliable means.
From time immemorial- a long, long time ago.
The stone fell from the soul (from the heart)- a feeling of relief when getting rid of something oppressive.
oil painting- Everything is well and beautifully converged.
Roll a barrel- act aggressively towards someone.
Mom don't worry- about something extraordinary, beyond the ordinary understanding of things.
Change the awl for soap It's pointless to change one useless thing for another.
Cover yourself with a copper basin- suddenly and abruptly disappear, deteriorate; perish.
Found a scythe on a stone- Faced with an irreconcilable contradiction of opinions and interests.
Does not burn- not so important, not urgent.
Not far away- nearby, not too far away in time or space.
Not a bastard- not simple, not stupid.
It is too expensive- about the inconsistency with someone's income, financial capabilities.
From our table to yours- the transfer of any property to another person.
Shelving- leave something for an indefinite period of time.
Go too far- to be overzealous in something.
The song is sung- someone or something has come to an end.
Shoulder- about the ability to cope with something.
Essentially- Naturally, of course.
Add fuel to the fire- deliberately aggravate the conflict, provoke.
The train left- lost time to do something.
One, two - and miscalculated- about something in a small amount that is easy to count.
Born in a shirt- about a very lucky person who miraculously escaped tragedy.
Make ends meet- Difficulty coping with financial difficulties.
move a mountain- a lot to do.
Sitting on pins and needles- to be impatient, waiting, if you want to achieve something.
At least henna- about the indifference of a person who does not care about someone else's misfortune.