Who was the first president of the USSR. Election of m.s.

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Twenty-one years ago, on March 15, 1990, at the Third Extraordinary Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR, Chairman of the Supreme Soviet Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev was elected the first and only president in the history of the Soviet Union.

He stayed in this post for about two years, until Judas Yeltsin, by deceit and thieves' manipulations, sent his old political opponent to the dustbin of history. It is still not known for certain whether the resignation of the current president of the USSR was accepted in the prescribed manner by the State Council.

However, neither then, nor now, no one was interested in it. Scavengers and marauders from all over the world flocked to the stiffening corpse of the Soviet Union. A camarilla of crooks and thieves came to power in Russia, "free" from 1/3 of its territory.

But let's leave the gangster junta of EBN, who shot the parliament from tanks, in the best traditions of Pinochet, and brought the once mighty state to its knees. Let us return to Mikhail Sergeevich, the restless talker, who still firmly believes that he is speaking the truth. Probably, like any Soviet citizen, my attitude towards Gorbachev changed from enthusiastic to contemptuous. This figure is controversial, which has been written about more than once, there is no point in repeating about his mistakes and miscalculations. I want to say only about two things for which, to this day, I can thank him.

First, this is something that many have forgotten. It was Gorbachev who gave us the freedom to think, read and speak. And all the myths that the alcoholic Boris Yeltsin did it are simply the result of shameless propaganda organized by his former accomplice Boris Berezovsky.

In 1987-1988 we stood in queues for new issues of newspapers, we were thirsty for spiritual food, and like a sponge we absorbed thousands of pages of books, newspapers and magazines. Every day we become different. The air of freedom intoxicated and parted our shoulders. We were waiting for change. The atmosphere in society was filled with energy hitherto unknown to us. We were waiting for real deeds and new worthy tasks. And on this wave, we could catch up and overtake both Europe and America. But this did not happen. Gorbachev blabbed his greatest accomplishment.

And the second. Gorbachev was certainly not a sufficiently sober and pragmatic leader, indeed, such could not appear in the Soviet system of promotion up the party ladder. Mikhail Sergeyevich was a vain romantic talker who, for a friendly pat on the shoulder from the US President, could surrender the GDR, and our troops there, with all the giblets. Who believed the "word" of Western politicians, who quietly laughed at his naivety. But…Mikhail Sergeevich always tried to avoid violence. He is perhaps one of the few leaders of our country whose hands are not up to the elbows in blood. He did not cling convulsively to the presidential chair, as did the EBN and his successors. He did not create a "family" that mercilessly robbed everything in Russia that could be robbed. He did not bring to power a gang of crooks and thieves from St. Petersburg, who call themselves "statists". Statesmen who saw the state good.

Gorbachev himself once said about three mistakes he made: He didn’t reform the party on time, he was late with the reform of the Soviet Union as a multinational community, and he didn’t exile Yeltsin to some distant country to harvest bananas ...

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Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev He was elected President of the USSR on March 15, 1990 at the Third Extraordinary Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR.
On December 25, 1991, in connection with the termination of the existence of the USSR as a state entity, M.S. Gorbachev announced his resignation from the post of President and signed a Decree on the transfer of control of strategic nuclear weapons to Russian President Yeltsin.

On December 25, after Gorbachev's resignation, the red state flag of the USSR was lowered in the Kremlin and the flag of the RSFSR was raised. The first and last President of the USSR left the Kremlin forever.

The first president of Russia, then still the RSFSR, Boris Nikolaevich Yeltsin was elected on June 12, 1991 by popular vote. B.N. Yeltsin won in the first round (57.3% of the vote).

In connection with the expiration of the term of office of the President of Russia, Boris N. Yeltsin, and in accordance with the transitional provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the election of the President of Russia was scheduled for June 16, 1996. It was the only presidential election in Russia where it took two rounds to determine the winner. The elections were held on June 16 - July 3 and were distinguished by the sharpness of the competitive struggle between the candidates. The main competitors were the current President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin and the leader of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation G. A. Zyuganov. According to the election results, B.N. Yeltsin received 40.2 million votes (53.82 percent), well ahead of G. A. Zyuganov, who received 30.1 million votes (40.31 percent). 3.6 million Russians (4.82%) voted against both candidates .

December 31, 1999 at 12:00 Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin voluntarily ceased to exercise the powers of the President of the Russian Federation and transferred the powers of the President to Prime Minister Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin. On April 5, 2000, the first President of Russia, Boris Yeltsin, was presented with certificates of a pensioner and labor veteran.

December 31, 1999 Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin became acting president.

In accordance with the Constitution, the Federation Council of the Russian Federation has set March 26, 2000 as the date for the early presidential elections.

On March 26, 2000, 68.74 percent of the voters included in the voting lists, or 75,181,071 people, took part in the elections. Vladimir Putin received 39,740,434 votes, which amounted to 52.94 percent, that is, more than half of the votes. On April 5, 2000, the Central Election Commission of the Russian Federation decided to recognize the elections of the President of the Russian Federation as valid and valid, to consider Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin elected to the post of President of Russia.

Period from 1985 to 1991 went down in history as a time of great change, which eventually led to the collapse of a large and powerful state. The highest post of General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU in 1985 was taken by Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev, who in 1990 was elected President of the USSR. After he came to power, a number of reforms were adopted aimed at changing the economic situation in the country and rapprochement with many world states, including the United States. This whole process was called "perestroika". The essence of these reforms and the results to which they led, we will try to consider in the article.

Socio-economic and political situation in the USSR in the middle of the 80s of the XX century

As part of the democratization process that had begun, laws were passed to expand freedom of speech. At this time, newspapers began to appear, on the pages of which one could find criticism of the current government. Citizens were given the right to engage in entrepreneurial activities. For the first time in the history of the country, a reform was carried out, as a result of which the CPSU lost the status of the leading party of the USSR. This made it possible to create a multi-party system of power with equal chances for the victory of any of the political organizations. The Secretary General initiated a large-scale program for the rehabilitation of political prisoners, as a result of which many repressed citizens were acquitted, including Academician Andrei Sakharov.

One of the most radical decisions of Gorbachev, aimed at changing the established foundations of socialist society, was the establishment of the post of President of the USSR instead of the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU. A relevant law was adopted and amendments were made to the constitution, according to which citizens of the country aged 35-65 could be elected to this position for a period of 5 years. The same person could not hold this post more than 2 times. All citizens of the Soviet Union who had reached the age of majority could take part in the election of the head of state. But the first president of the USSR was not elected by popular vote, but by the decision of politicians at the Third Extraordinary Congress of People's Deputies, which took place in March 1990.

It was unanimously decided to appoint Mikhail Gorbachev to the highest office of the country. But he could not hold out for a long time in a new place, and on December 25, 1991 he had to resign. And the next day, a decision was approved to terminate the existence of the largest state on the planet. In the light of those events, Gorbachev went down in history as well as the last president of the USSR.

Foreign policy

In the process of general democratization, serious steps were taken in the foreign policy arena aimed at rapprochement and cooperation with the countries of Western Europe and the United States. A whole program was formed, which had the name "New Thinking". She said that the world should not be divided into two hostile camps, where conflicts are resolved with the help of military force.

The new conditions recognized the freedom of choice of all citizens. To this end, the influence of the Communist Party on the governments of the states of Eastern Europe was reduced. This led to the emergence of uprisings, as a result of which the socialist leadership was defeated in many states of Central and Eastern Europe. During Gorbachev's talks with Reagan, a decision was made to reduce the nuclear potential of both countries, including medium and short-range missiles. This marked the beginning of the end of the Cold War. The issue of Russian troops in Afghanistan remained unresolved. But in the course of negotiations with the United States, an agreement was reached, on the terms of which the Americans stopped providing military assistance to the Mujahideen, subject to the withdrawal of the Russian contingent from the territory of the country.

Board results

The political activity of Mikhail Gorbachev cannot be assessed unambiguously. On the one hand, he is a reformer who struggled to pull the country out of stagnation and establish a dialogue with the West. On the other hand, all the decisions he made were ineffective and as a result accelerated the collapse of the USSR. President Gorbachev was never able to consolidate his position, and among the masses he earned the glory of a pro-American politician who destroyed the Soviet Union. Be that as it may, Gorbachev went down in history as the first and last president of the USSR, who was able to put an end to the Cold War.

Who was the president of the USSR and the Russian Federation. ReferenceStoryline: Elections of the President of the Russian Federation: legislation, references, biographies (10)18:0529.02.2008 (updated: 12:25 06/08/2008) 068035305 During the years of existence of the institution of presidency on the territory of the USSR and the Russian Federation, there were three heads of state in the country - Mikhail Gorbachev (the first and only president of the USSR), Boris Yeltsin and Vladimir Putin.

Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev was elected President of the USSR on March 15, 1990 at the Third Extraordinary Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR.
On December 25, 1991, in connection with the termination of the existence of the USSR as a state entity, M.S. Gorbachev announced his resignation from the post of President and signed a Decree on the transfer of control of strategic nuclear weapons to Russian President Yeltsin.

The first president of Russia, then still the RSFSR, Boris Nikolaevich Yeltsin was elected on June 12, 1991 by popular vote. B.N. Yeltsin won in the first round (57.3% of the vote).

December 31, 1999 at 12:00 pm Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin voluntarily ceased to exercise the powers of the President of the Russian Federation and transferred the powers of the President to the Prime Minister Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin.

In accordance with the Constitution, the Federation Council of the Russian Federation has set March 26, 2000 as the date for the early presidential elections.

March 14, 2004 - Vladimir Putin was elected President of the Russian Federation for a second term. Six candidates fought for the post of President of Russia. 71.31 percent of the total number of voters (49,565,238 people) voted for Vladimir Putin. He took office on May 7, 2004.

The Constitution of the Russian Federation prohibits the current president of the country from running for a third consecutive term.