How to draw frost from a fairy tale. The fairy-tale world of Elena Polenova: magical illustrations for Russian fairy tales that were born in a dream
Once upon a time, a grandfather lived with another wife. The grandfather had a daughter, and the woman had a daughter. Everybody knows, how to live with a stepmother : If you turn over, it’s a bat, and if you don’t turn over, it’s a bat. And no matter what my own daughter does, she gets a pat on the head for everything: she’s smart.
MOROZKO'S TALE
The stepdaughter fed and fed the cattle, firewood and carried water to the hut, lit the stove, chalk hut - even before the light... You can’t please the old woman with anything - everything is wrong, everything is bad. Even if the wind makes a noise, it dies down, but the old woman disperses - she won’t calm down soon.
So the stepmother came up with the idea to take her stepdaughter away from the world.
Take her, take her, old man,” he says to his husband, “where you want my eyes not to see her!” Take her to the forest, into the bitter cold.
The old man groaned and cried, but there was nothing to do, you couldn’t argue with the women. Harnessed the horse:
Sit down, dear daughter, in the sleigh.
He took the homeless woman into the forest, dumped her in a snowdrift under a large fir tree and left.
A girl sits under a spruce tree, trembling, and a chill runs through her. Suddenly he hears - not far away Frost crackles on the trees, jumps from tree to tree, clicks.
He found himself on the spruce tree under which the girl was sitting, and from above he asked her:
- Are you warm, girl?
- Warm, Morozushko, warm, father.
Morozko began to descend lower, crackling and clicking louder:
She takes a slight breath:
Warmth, Morozushko, warm, father.
Morozko descended even lower, crackled louder, clicked louder:
Are you warm, girl? Are you warm, red one? Are you warm, honey?
The girl began to stiffen, moving her tongue slightly:
Oh, it’s warm, my dear Morozushko!
Here Morozko took pity on the girl, wrapped her in warm fur coats, warmed her with down blankets.
And her stepmother is already holding a wake for her, baking pancakes and shouting to her husband: Go, old man, take your daughter to be buried!
The old man went into the forest, reached that place - his daughter was sitting under a large spruce tree, cheerful, rosy-cheeked, in a sable fur coat, all in gold, in silver, and nearby was a box with rich gifts.
The old man was happy, put everything in the sleigh, put his daughter in, and took her home.
And at home the old woman is baking pancakes, and the dog is under the table:
- Bang, bang! They take the old man's daughter in gold and silver, but they don't marry the old woman.
The old woman will throw her a pancake: - You're not yapping like that! Say: “They marry an old woman’s daughter, but they bring bones to an old woman’s daughter...”
The dog eats the pancake and again: - Bang, bang! They take the old man's daughter in gold and silver, but they don't marry the old woman. The old woman threw pancakes at her and beat her, the dog did everything of her own...
Suddenly the gates creaked, the door opened, the stepdaughter walked into the hut - in gold and silver, and shining. And behind her they carry a tall, heavy box. The old woman looked - and her hands were apart...
Harness another horse, old man! Take, take my daughter to the forest and put her in the same place...
The old man put the old woman's daughter in a sleigh, took her into the forest to the same place, dumped her in a snowdrift under a tall spruce tree and drove off. 
The old woman's daughter is sitting, chattering her teeth. A Frost crackles through the forest , jumps from tree to tree, clicks, the daughter glances at the old woman:
Are you warm, girl?
And she told him: - Oh, it’s cold! Don’t creak, don’t crack, Morozko...
Morozko began to descend lower, crackling and clicking more loudly.
- Are you warm, girl? Are you warm, red one?
- Oh, my hands and feet are frozen! Go away, Morozko...
Morozko descended even lower, hit harder, crackled, clicked:
- Are you warm, girl? Are you warm, red one?
- Oh, I've got a cold! Get lost, get lost, damned Morozko!
Morozko got angry and got so angry that the old woman’s daughter became numb.
At first light the old woman sends her husband:
Harness it quickly, old man, go get your daughter, bring her in gold and silver...
The old man left. And the dog under the table:
Bang, bang! The grooms will take the old man's daughter, but the old woman's daughter will carry the bones in a bag.
The old woman threw her a pie:
You're not yapping like that! Say: “The old woman’s daughter is being carried in gold and silver...”
And the dog is all his own: Tyaf, tyaf! The old woman's daughter is carrying bones in a bag...
The gate creaked and the old woman rushed to meet her daughter. Rogozha turned away, and her daughter lay dead in the sleigh. The old woman cried out, but it’s too late.
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The old Russian fairy tale "Morozko" has dozens of variations and is found in children's books different nations peace. The most popular interpretation is presented by the great Russian writer Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy.
In the villages, folk storytellers replaced the radio. They told tales in a sing-song voice, changing their voices and intonations. The children listened fairy tales, holding breath. Magic legends, told at night, immediately sank into children's souls and remained in memory for many years.
What is so remarkable about the fairy tale “Morozko”, and what heroes are present in it? Let's take a closer look at the plot and typical characters:
Old man - a simple peasant, a widower, who married again and brought into the house evil stepmother for your daughter. More than anything else, the old man was afraid of the caustic tongue of his new wife and obeyed all her orders.
Old woman – a feisty and grumpy stepmother. According to the laws of the genre, she cares for and cherishes her daughter, and dumps all the dirty work on the poor orphan. The stepmother decided to destroy her stepdaughter and sent her and the old man into the forest. Only the mischievous woman miscalculated, and the little girl returned from the forest with expensive gifts from the generous Morozko.
Old woman's daughter - lazy and envious girl. She lay on the stove all day, and when she found out that her stepsister had received gifts, she immediately got ready to go to the forest. Only slackers and mean-spirited girls will not get anything from Morozko!
Stepdaughter – main character fairy tales. She always resignedly submitted to fate and worked tirelessly. When the kind Morozko gave her a cold test, she did not argue and endured the severe frost until it chilled her to the very bones. For her work and persistent character, the girl received warm clothes and expensive gifts.
Yard dog - foreshadowed trouble in the house. If a dog constantly barked, the owner perceived this as an unkind sign and always listened to the four-legged guards.
The tale about Morozko is both kind and tragic at the same time. She proves to the kids again and again that nothing in life comes easy! To get a casket with untold riches, you need to work hard, and perhaps go through severe, life-threatening tests.
Getting to know the fairy tale through illustrations
To understand the wisdom of a real Russian fairy tale and plunge into the atmosphere of the upcoming New Year, the test on the page is accompanied by beautiful pictures . Some of the drawings look very realistic! It’s as if a wizard photographer has been transported back to ancient times and captured scenes of a simple village world. These are skilled craftsmen from the famous villages of Fedoskino, Mstera, Kholuya through lacquer miniature conveyed beauty and magic.
Until recently, the name of Elena Polenova remained in the shadow of the glory of her brother, the famous Russian artist XIX V. Vasily Dmitrievich Polenov, although her work was no less original. She stood at the origins of the Russian neo-romantic style, following the traditions of painting by V. Vasnetsov. Elena Polenova is the author of magical illustrations for Russian fairy tales, embodying the “captivating madness of childhood fantasy.” In 2012 in Tretyakov Gallery passed it personal exhibition- the first after 1902. After that, people remembered and started talking about her again, and her work became known to a wide audience.
A. Benois wrote about her with admiration: “Polenova has earned herself the eternal gratitude of Russian society because she, the first of the Russian artists, paid attention to the most artistic field in life - on Child's world, to his strange, deeply poetic fiction. She is gentle, sensitive and truly a kind person, penetrated into this closed, so abandoned children’s world in our country, guessed its unique aesthetics, and became completely infected with the captivating “madness” of children’s imagination.”
For Polenova, fairy tales became a kind of escape from reality: at the age of 27, she experienced a personal tragedy that broke her and almost caused her to go insane. The girl got ready to marry a doctor whom she met while working in a hospital during Russian-Turkish war. But her parents were categorically against it and upset the marriage. After this, Elena decided to devote the rest of her life social activities and art.
Her brother, the artist Vasily Polenov, helped the girl find salvation in art. At the estate famous philanthropist Savva Mamontov was going to Abramtsevo at that time best representatives creative intelligentsia. Together with Mamontov's wife, Elena traveled to villages, collecting folk costumes, household utensils, towels and tablecloths for the future museum. In the carpentry workshop, unique furniture was created based on her sketches.
Fairy tales became a real outlet for Polenova: she created illustrations for “The War of the Mushrooms”, “Frost”, “The Cat and the Fox”, “White Duck”, “The Wolf and the Fox”, “The Hut on Chicken Legs”, “Stepmother and Stepdaughter”. She said about many works that they came to her in a dream. The atmosphere of her paintings is so mysterious and mystical that it is easy to believe. To illustrate, she took not only famous fairy tales from Afanasyev’s collection, but also those that I heard and recorded myself in the surrounding villages.
Polenova's passion folk art was versatile: she created sketches of furniture inspired folk motives, selected for theatrical productions The Mamontov circle wore peasant costumes brought from the Tula province, made sketches for embroidery and wallpaper, not only wrote illustrations for fairy tales, but also stylized the text in an ancient font. According to critics, Polenova’s work contributed to the formation of the Russian national version of the Art Nouveau style and stood at the origins of the neo-romantic style.
“I would like,” the artist wrote, “not to lose two abilities - the ability to help, inspire, serve as a support and impetus for other artists to work. Another ability is to love and believe and be passionate about your work. I don't need anything else. Of course, the appreciation, support, and interest of other people, especially those whose opinions you value, are very precious, but immeasurably more important are the forces that live inside and that feed the fire burning in the soul. If only it didn’t go out..."
Elena Polenova was not the only artist who saw the subjects of her paintings in her dreams:
Drawing lesson on illustrations for fairy tales. We will learn how to draw Morozko's fairy tale with a pencil step by step. Morozko is Russian folk tale, which has two versions. According to the first version, the stepmother forces the father to put the girl in a sleigh and take her to the forest, leaving her there. It’s cold in the forest, Morozko is angry and asks the girl: “Are you warm, girl, are you warm, red one?” She replies that it is warm. Then he whips up even more cold and blizzard and asks again, and she respectfully answers that it’s warm. Then he feels sorry for her and gives her fur coats. According to the second version, Morozko offers to knit a shirt, the girl does not refuse and sews it all night. In the morning, Morozko appreciates hard work and gives a chest of jewelry. In all two options, the father takes his daughter home in the morning, the stepmother is evil, what kind of business is this and sends her daughter in the hope of also getting riches, but her daughter is not well-mannered and in the first case, she says: “Get lost Morozko,” but in - second - “I won’t do anything.” Morozko gets very angry and creates a blizzard, covering him with snow. In the morning no one finds her.
We will draw Morozko, who brings a blizzard.
We draw a circle, then mark the line of the eyebrows, eyes, nose. We do this by eye. Then we measure the distance from the nose to the eyebrows and adjust downwards.
We draw the eyes, eyebrows and nose of Morozko. Divide the distance from the nose to the chin into three equal parts.
The mouth section is on the first line. We draw a mustache up to this line, wrinkles around the eye, and a hat.
Draw the beard, part of the collar, arms and hands, as well as the wind from his mouth.
You can, as in the original, draw a silhouette of a girl and a blizzard around. That's it, the drawing based on Morozko's fairy tale is ready. 
