Symptoms: vomiting, temperature without diarrhea in a child. High fever and vomiting in children without diarrhea

Severe vomiting without fever and diarrhea may indicate the development of several diseases, including:
inflammation of the digestive organs,
diseases of the gastrointestinal tract,
pathology of the endocrine system, traumatic brain injury,
disorders of the nervous system.

In addition, vomiting without fever can cause intestinal obstruction or appendicitis. What are the causes of vomiting in children?

Vomiting without fever or diarrhea

Vomiting is always a symptom. With intestinal infections, poisoning and some viral diseases, it is accompanied by fever or diarrhea. What is he talking about then?

The main reasons that can provoke vomiting without fever.

1. Food poisoning. With food poisoning, as a rule, repeated vomiting occurs without fever or with fever, and diarrhea.
But only the stomach can react to minor intoxication. In this case, the child experiences only one-time vomiting. Overeating and taking medications can also cause one-time vomiting.

2. Metabolism. Impaired metabolism is hereditary character, in particular diabetes mellitus. To establish an accurate diagnosis, tests and ultrasound of the digestive and kidney organs are required. In this case, there may be an individual intolerance to certain foods, which causes vomiting.

3. Intestinal obstruction. Most often, this pathology occurs in newborns and children under 6 years of age. When a section of the intestine is unable to push feces into the rectum, the child experiences pain in the lower abdomen and a gag reflex.

4. Neurological disorders. In medicine, there is such a thing as cerebral vomiting, which is characteristic of concussions, head injuries and brain tumors in children. In addition, the gag reflex causes migraine, meningitis, epilepsy and encephalitis.

5. Entry of a foreign body into the esophagus. Children love to put everything in their mouths and it is not always possible for parents to keep track of all this. The main symptoms of a foreign body entering the esophagus are refusal to eat, pain when swallowing, and foamy formation in the throat. The child becomes nervous, cries, and a large foreign body can cause difficulty breathing. Repeated vomiting does not bring relief. Therefore, if at least one of the listed symptoms is present, the child must be shown to a surgeon.

6. Appendicitis. The main signs of acute appendicitis are frequent bowel movements, pain in the navel, loss of appetite, and frequent vomiting.

7. Digestive organs. Frequent vomiting is observed in children with pancreatitis, colitis, stomach ulcers, gastritis, cholecystitis and other diseases of the digestive system. Acute gastritis is usually accompanied by repeated vomiting. In some cases, it is accompanied by diarrhea and fever. An admixture of bile and mucus can be found in the vomit.

8. Neurotic vomiting. This pathology is often observed in children with three years old. In medicine, there is such a term as psychogenic functional vomiting, which can occur as a result of fear, increased anxiety, or overexcitation. Neurotic vomiting is also characteristic of children who are deprived parental love. In addition, it can occur as a reaction to tasteless food.

9. Acetone crisis. Signs: nausea, headache, specific smell from the mouth. The exact reasons for this crisis have not yet been established. But the most likely causes are long breaks between meals, fatty foods, undereating or overeating, impaired metabolism, emotional outbursts and intestinal infections. When taking the test, it is possible to detect the presence of acetone in the blood and urine. Distinctive feature– profuse and repeated vomiting, which can last for several days.

10. Cardiospasm. Impaired motor function of the esophagus. The gag reflex in children can occur during or immediately after eating. In this case, vomiting is accompanied by a cough, and the patient complains of chest pain.

11. Pylorospasm. Constant spasm of the pylorus, which is located between the duodenum and the stomach, makes it difficult for food to pass into the intestines. As a result of this pathology, children may experience a gag reflex. In the case when the baby is still at breastfeeding, the doctor recommends giving a small amount of formula before each feeding.

12. Infant feeding. Often the gag reflex occurs in children who are breastfed. Reasons: introduction of complementary foods, New Product in the diet. Doctors recommend temporarily stopping the product that causes vomiting.

Diagnosis and treatment

The effectiveness of treatment always depends on a correctly identified source that causes the gag reflex. For profuse vomiting that is not accompanied by fever, the following examination methods are used:

Visual inspection of vomit. In order for the doctor to be able to determine the type of vomiting, it is necessary to pay attention to the amount of vomit, the presence of impurities and consistency. In addition, the determining parameter is also its color and smell.
Laboratory research will allow you to confirm or reject the preliminary conclusion of the doctor.
Instrumental examination - x-ray, ultrasound, gastrofibroscopy.

After the exact reasons that cause vomiting in children have been established, treatment is carried out by a specialist of a narrow profile.

1. Gastroenterologist. Treatment by a gastroenterologist is carried out in cases of gastrointestinal tract disease.
2. Surgeon. A pediatric surgeon treats cases where a foreign body enters the esophagus, intestinal obstruction, cardiospasm, pyloric stenosis and appendicitis.
3. Neurologist. A neurologist reviews treatment options for something called cerebral vomiting. Drug treatment, massage and physiotherapy are used.

If your child vomits repeatedly without a fever, call a doctor immediately. In this case, parents must comply with the following requirements.

1. The child should not be alone. In case of vomiting infant, the mother should hold him in her arms, tilting him slightly forward. This will prevent vomit from entering the respiratory tract.
2. Cleanse your mouth. Especially if an infant is vomiting.
3. Do not feed while vomiting.
4. Seal with rehydration solutions. You need to give your baby small amounts of water every 5 minutes.

If a child has vomiting and fever without diarrhea, then this is a reason for parents to worry and worry. It is necessary to show maximum attention, since there are many reasons that cause such a reaction in the body. You should not panic and immediately give a variety of medications - it is important to understand, calculate the main factor negative situation and call a doctor. A temperature of 37.2-37.5 degrees is considered elevated. is the body’s defense against emerging health problems.

The main reasons that can cause a child to have a fever, attacks of vomiting, as well as general weakness against this background:

Vomiting in a child always occurs with these diseases; the absence of diarrhea indicates the severity of the disease, and also allows us to exclude some ailments. Only a specialist can determine the exact cause that caused such a reaction, so you cannot self-medicate.

Features of some diseases

In order to provide the child with proper first aid, you should know the characteristics of the disease, which are accompanied by general weakness, malaise, nausea and fever.

• Appendicitis – no diarrhea, symptoms – fever, abdominal pain, sometimes severe vomiting.
• Childhood infections– fever, rashes on the body, intoxication, sore throat, presence of vomiting or the urge to vomit.
• Viral infections the child is accompanied by pain in the throat during swallowing, runny nose, and high fever. Rotaviruses can be accompanied by diarrhea.
• Meningitis is characterized by an acute headache and a thermometer reading above 38.
• Bronchitis, pneumonia are also accompanied by coughing and pain when taking a deep breath.
• Intestinal diseases manifested by weakness, abdominal pain, accompanied by vomiting, which can recur several times a day.

If acute pathologies of the abdominal cavity are present, then vomiting and fever in 90% of cases are accompanied by diarrhea.

First aid

If a child is vomiting, accompanied by a fever, first aid is provided before the doctor arrives. An aqueous salt solution will help restore the balance of fluids and minerals. For a glass of water you will need 1 tsp. salt and 5 tsp. Sahara. It is prohibited to give:

• carbonated drinks;
• milk;
• chicken bouillon.

All of these fluids can cause severe dehydration. It is recommended to give adsorbents - “Smecta” or Activated carbon– the amount is calculated according to the child’s age.

These symptoms are especially dangerous for a child under 1 year of age.

If a child refuses to eat food for more than 5 hours in a row, there is vomiting or the urge to eat, fever and other symptoms, a doctor’s call is required. Dehydration is determined by:

• prolonged absence of urination;
• pale and dry skin;
• rapid weight loss;
• retraction of the fontanel.

The nutrition of children over 12 months should be gentle. Allowed:

• pears;
• bananas;
• light porridge with water.

Completely abandon:

• fat;
• sweet;
• flour;
• fried.

Give an aqueous solution of salt and sugar 50 ml per 1 kg of weight. Antibiotics should not be used without a doctor's recommendation. Drugs against the background of vomiting and fever cause:

• dysbacteriosis;
• decreased immunity;
• addiction (decreased effectiveness in the future).

Antibiotics are prescribed by a doctor if negative signs persist for a long time. Additionally, a course of probiotics is prescribed, which restore the disturbed intestinal microflora. Therefore, conditions accompanied by vomiting and fever without diarrhea in a child should be monitored by medical professionals.

Calling a doctor

You should call your doctor home when the following symptoms appear:

• vomiting is frequent and repeated;
• the child cannot drink liquids;
• temperature above 38 degrees;
• lethargy and lethargy appeared;
• diarrhea appeared;
• there is pain in the head or stomach;
• dehydration.

Examination is also necessary after injury.

Treatment

Treatment methods depend on the cause that caused the negative reaction of the body. Attacks of vomiting, repeated 4-6 times a day, require intensive drinking, as it is necessary to remove accumulated toxins and restore the water-salt balance.

When a baby is poisoned, inducing vomiting is mandatory: it is necessary to cleanse the stomach of toxins, reducing their concentration. If diarrhea appears, then you cannot give medications to treat it, since this is an additional mechanism for protecting the body from poisons and toxins.

Some substances cannot be removed from the body by vomiting. In this case, it is better to give the baby an adsorbent. Eating is postponed until the symptoms of poisoning completely disappear.

If there are suspicions of other causes of poor health, then treatment measures can only be taken after consultation with a doctor. Diagnostic measures will help determine the exact cause and severity of the disease. Therapy and duration of medication is determined by the doctor after receiving the examination results.

Prevention

After vomiting stops and temperature levels return to normal, home treatment and prevention will be required. What is allowed to do?

• Create a light and nutritious menu - porridge, baked vegetables, white crackers, steamed cutlets, low-fat cottage cheese.
• Maintain bed rest - 1 - 3 days.
• Take medications to restore fluid.
• Drink raisin decoction, chamomile tea.
• Reduce stress – physical and mental.

For infants the feeding regimen remains the same. Also, antipyretic, antiemetic, and painkillers can be prescribed for home treatment and prevention. It is recommended to maintain increased attention to the child's condition after the cessation of the main symptoms. Timely (according to schedule and age) vaccinations will help you avoid many health problems. You should not neglect taking vitamins and restoratives, as they allow the immune system to quickly cope with the load.

Conclusion

The manifestation of the body’s protective reactions in the form of an increase in the thermometer to 37.2, the urge to vomit and other symptoms are a cause for alarm. There are many reasons for the development of this condition, but timely examination and proper treatment give a positive result in 98% of cases. Self-medication is prohibited, except for providing first aid according to the presenting symptoms.

No one is immune from diseases or from the penetration of various kinds of viruses and bacteria into the body. And even despite the fact that parents try in every possible way to protect their child from illness, the child’s body is also susceptible to colds, runny nose, digestive system disorders, etc. But when faced with such a phenomenon as vomiting, mothers naturally begin to worry and often even panic. Especially if vomiting is repeated and is accompanied by an increase in body temperature to 38 degrees. What should parents do if their child is vomiting and has a high fever? How to explain the fact that with such symptoms there is no diarrhea.

Vomiting and high fever in a child without diarrhea are the main causes

Mothers' worry is justified, because in some cases, diarrhea and a temperature above 37 degrees can be the result of simple overheating, but sometimes such symptoms can indicate the development of serious illnesses. Let's look at some of the main causes of vomiting and fever in a child, and what parents should do in such a situation.

1. It should be noted that this is, first of all, defensive reaction his body. In many cases, vomiting can be caused by a sharp increase in body temperature. But at the same time it will only be one-time, and when the temperature rises above 38 degrees, it will stop.
2. The simultaneous combination of vomiting and fever without diarrhea may indicate the development of a serious illness, most often - acute poisoning or intestinal infection. But in this case, the development of diarrhea begins later. And if there is no diarrhea, then such symptoms may raise suspicion of acute appendicitis or intestinal obstruction
3. With sore throat and flu, the first symptoms most often are vomiting, fever and headaches.


4. Acute headache, vomiting and temperature above 38 degrees raises suspicion of meningitis. Therefore, parents should know that when meningitis develops, the above symptoms are present, but the baby takes the “trigger” position. That is, the legs are pulled towards the stomach, and the head is thrown back. He will not be able to tilt his head forward.
5. If a baby has vomiting and fever without diarrhea, a specific smell is felt, the baby is excited and restless, then most likely the level of acetone in his body is increased. In this case, there is pallor of the skin, against which there is a characteristic blush.
6. Vomiting, cough and temperature of 37 degrees are typical for bronchitis, pneumonia, tracheitis and pharyngitis.

As you can see, there are many reasons and symptoms such as high fever and vomiting in a child. Therefore, first of all, be sure to call a specialist, and before he arrives, create comfortable living conditions for the baby.

What should parents do if their baby is vomiting and has a high fever?

The only request is not to panic. Symptoms such as fever and vomiting in a child are observed quite often. Every mother has encountered them at least once. Therefore, you should not worry too much, but just inform your doctor immediately. Before his arrival, the mother must calm the baby. Understand that vomiting causes a kind of fear in the baby, and that is why you need to be calm. At the very least, the baby should not see your anxiety, so as not to stimulate a sharp rise in temperature. Moreover, vomiting can often occur during stress or nervous shock.

A parent is the person whom the child trusts the most. Therefore, the baby’s health is in your hands.

So, you called the doctor and explained to him the reason for the call. Doctors often give advice over the phone and explain what needs to be done before he arrives. But, we will allow ourselves to describe everything in our article.

1. Thoroughly ventilate the room and ensure normal humidity levels. To do this, you can do a wet cleaning and wipe the window sills with a wet rag. If you have a humidifier in your home, you can use it.
2. Put the baby in bed. The room where it will be located should have pleasant light and no sharp sounds. In this state, the child requires peace.
3. Prepare him a compote of dried fruits or a decoction of raisins. You can also give your baby tea, moderately sweetened, or rosehip decoction. Remember that vomiting and fever cause dehydration, so plenty of fluids should be provided. Dehydration is indicated by a sunken fontanelle, dry skin and pale skin. Therefore, it is very important to prevent this process.
4. If the baby refuses to drink, which sometimes happens, then he should be taken to the hospital and an IV should be installed.
5. Don't force feed your baby. Let's eat only if he asks. At the same time, you should not give him heavy foods, but opt ​​for low-fat, viscous and non-spicy foods. Yogurt, jelly, rice or wheat porridge are good options.
Remember that repeated and persistent vomiting can injure the gastric mucosa, as evidenced by the admixture of blood in the vomit. Carefully inspect the masses after each reflex, and if you suspect something is wrong, immediately call an ambulance.
Also, be sure to be present near the child during vomiting. There is a high risk of suffocation from vomit that may enter the respiratory tract. The highest risk is observed in infants and unconscious children.

Sometimes vomit can enter the lungs, resulting in aspiration pneumonia. The fact is that gastric juice is very dangerous for the lungs. In this case, the child must be taken to the hospital immediately and mucus from the trachea must be suctioned, as well as antibacterial therapy. In especially severe cases, artificial ventilation is performed.

It is strictly forbidden to hesitate and self-medicate in all these situations. Therefore, parents are the guardians of the child’s condition, and the child’s life sometimes depends on their correct and timely reaction.