A message on the topic of youth in the modern world. Problems of self-realization of youth in modern conditions

Youth is the main bearer of the intellectual and physical potential of society; it has great abilities for work, technical and cultural-artistic creativity, productive activity in all spheres of human existence;

Young people have a great social and professional perspective; they are able to master new knowledge, professions and specialties faster than other social groups of society.

The fundamental issue when considering the role of youth in society is the question of youth as the subject and object of social change. Entering life, a young person is subject to the influence of social conditions, family, educational institutions, and later, in the process of growing up and transitioning to more mature phases of development, he himself begins to significantly influence society. That is, youth acts as a subject when they influence society, giving away their potential, at the same time they are an object, since social influence is directed at them with the aim of their development. Young people act as an object both to society and to themselves.

Without a doubt, youth are a very important part for Chuvashia and for Russia as a whole, since they are the most active component of the state. Young people are best suited to introduce new technologies, innovations and reforms. They are mobile and full of strength, so the Russian state is interested in the younger generation being involved in the economic life of Russia and the political... More recently, our country has passed the economic crisis, and is now at the stage of stabilization, so young specialists in the field of economics are simply necessary for Chuvashia. It follows that the state should be interested in the formation of a viable and healthy new generation, because youth are the “salvation” for the state in terms of creating a family and eliminating the demographic crisis.

In a word, Chuvashia in our time is doing everything for the successful development of the younger generation - the rest depends on us. Determination and ambition are the main components of a happy life and a prosperous future, so it is important to choose your path correctly now, because Youth is not eternal and goes away every day... Giving up bad habits, doing something worthy, finding a job you love will help change your life for the better . The future of Russia is in the hands of young people and this should always be remembered.

YOUTH is a socio-demographic group identified on the basis of age parameters, characteristics of social status and socio-psychological qualities.

One of the first definitions of the concept of “youth” was given in 1968 by V.T. Lisovsky:

“Youth is a generation of people going through the stage of socialization, acquiring, and at a more mature age having already acquired, educational, professional, cultural and other social functions; depending on specific historical conditions, the age criteria of youth can range from 16 to 30 years.”

Later, a more complete definition was given by I.S. Konom:

“Youth is a socio-demographic group, identified on the basis of a combination of age characteristics, characteristics of social status and socio-psychological properties determined by both. Youth as a certain phase, stage of the life cycle is biologically universal, but its specific age framework, the associated social status and socio-psychological characteristics are of a socio-historical nature and depend on the social system, culture and the patterns of socialization characteristic of a given society.”

In developmental psychology, youth is characterized as a period of formation of a stable system of values, the formation of self-awareness and social status of the individual.

The consciousness of a young person has a special sensitivity, the ability to process and assimilate a huge flow of information. During this period, they develop: critical thinking, the desire to give their own assessment of various phenomena, the search for argumentation, original thinking. At the same time, at this age some attitudes and stereotypes characteristic of the previous generation still remain. Hence, in the behavior of young people there is an amazing combination of contradictory qualities and traits: the desire for identification and isolation, conformism and negativism, imitation and denial of generally accepted norms, the desire for communication and withdrawal, detachment from the outside world.

Youth consciousness is determined by a number of objective circumstances.

Firstly, in modern conditions the process of socialization itself has become more complicated and lengthened, and, accordingly, the criteria for its social maturity have become different. They are determined not only by entry into an independent working life, but also by the completion of education, the acquisition of a profession, real political and civil rights, and material independence from parents.

Secondly, the formation of the social maturity of young people occurs under the influence of many relatively independent factors: family, school, work collective, mass media, youth organizations and spontaneous groups.

The boundaries of youth are fluid. They depend on the socio-economic development of society, the level of well-being and culture achieved, and the living conditions of people. The impact of these factors is really manifested in the life expectancy of people, expanding the boundaries of youth age from 14 to 30 years.

Since ancient times, the formation of society has been accompanied by the process of socialization of new generations. One of the main problems of the socialization of young people is that they either accept the values ​​of their fathers or completely reject them. More often the latter happens. Young people believe that the social values ​​that the "fathers" lived by lose their practical significance in any new historical situation and, therefore, are not inherited by children.

Today, the main task of the survival of Belarusian society is to solve the problem of maintaining social stability and transferring cultural heritage from one generation to another. This process has never been automatic. It always assumed the active participation of all generations in it. It is necessary to remember that it is at a young age that a system of value orientations is formed, the process of self-education, self-creation of the individual and establishment in society is actively underway.

In today's rapidly changing, dynamically developing world, young people have to decide for themselves what is more valuable - enrichment by any means or acquisition of high qualifications that help them adapt to new conditions; denial of previous moral norms or flexibility, adaptability to new reality; unlimited freedom of interpersonal relationships or family.

Values ​​are a relatively stable, socially conditioned attitude of a person to the totality of material and spiritual goods, cultural phenomena that serve as a means of satisfying the needs of the individual.

Core values ​​include:

1. Humanity;

2. Good manners;

3. Education;

4. Tolerance;

5. Kindness;

6. Honesty;

7. Hard work;

8. Love;

Young people have acquired a number of new qualities, both positive and negative.

The positive ones include:

1. The desire for self-organization and self-government;

2. Interest in political events in the country and region;

3. Concern for the problems of national language and culture;

4. Participation in organizing your leisure time;

5. Focus on self-education;

Negative qualities such as:

1. Tobacco smoking, drug use and teenage alcoholism;

2. Doing nothing;

3. Sexual experimentation;

4. Infantility and indifference (nihilism);

5. Uncertainty and unpredictability;

Several important sociocultural conditions for successful personal socialization can be identified:

1. Healthy family microenvironment;

2. Favorable creative atmosphere at school, lyceum, gymnasium;

3. The positive impact of fiction and art;

4. Media influence;

5. Aestheticization of the nearest macroenvironment (yard, neighborhood, club, sports ground, etc.)

6. Active involvement in social activities;

Social adaptation is a controlled process. It can be managed not only in line with the impact of social institutions on the individual during his production, non-production, pre-production, post-production life, but also in line with self-government. In general terms, there are most often four stages of personality adaptation in a new social environment:

1. the initial stage, when an individual or group realizes how they should behave in a new social environment, but are not yet ready to recognize and accept the value system of the new environment and strive to adhere to the previous value system;

2. the stage of tolerance, when the individual, group and new environment show mutual tolerance to each other’s value systems and patterns of behavior;

3. accommodation, i.e. recognition and acceptance by the individual of the basic elements of the value system of the new environment while simultaneously recognizing some of the values ​​of the individual and group as the new social environment;

4. assimilation, i.e. complete coincidence of the value systems of the individual, group and environment; Complete social adaptation of a person includes physiological, managerial, economic, pedagogical, psychological and professional adaptation.

Specific points of social adaptation technology:

* it is only human nature to create special “devices”, certain social institutions, norms, traditions that facilitate the process of his adaptation in a given social environment;

* only a person has the ability to consciously prepare the younger generation for the process of adaptation, using all means of education for this;

* the process of “acceptance” or “rejection” by individuals of existing social relations depends both on social affiliation, worldview, and on the orientation of upbringing;

* a person consciously acts as a subject of social adaptation, changing his views, attitudes, and value orientations under the influence of circumstances;

Social adaptation is the process of an individual’s active mastery of the social environment, in which the individual acts both as an object and as a subject of adaptation, and the social environment is both an adapting and adaptable party.

Successful social adaptation of the individual requires the maximum expenditure of the individual’s spiritual energy.

Youth is the path to the future that a person chooses. Choosing the future, planning it is a characteristic feature of young age; he would not be so attractive if a person knew in advance what would happen to him tomorrow, in a month, in a year.

The general conclusion: “Each subsequent generation of young people is worse than the previous one in terms of basic indicators of social status and development.” This is expressed, first of all, in the trend of a reduction in the number of young people, which leads to an aging society and, consequently, a decrease in the role of youth as a social resource in general.

The demographic situation is complicated by something new in Belarusian reality - an increase in murders and suicides, including among young people. The reason is the emergence of difficult personal and life situations. According to data, 10% of graduates of state institutions for orphans commit suicide, not being able to adapt to living conditions.

Firstly, the unresolved socio-economic and everyday problems.

Secondly, there is a tendency for the health of children and adolescents to deteriorate. The growing generation is less healthy physically and mentally than the previous one. On average, in Belarus, only 10% of school graduates can consider themselves absolutely healthy, 45-50% of them have serious morphofunctional abnormalities.

Recently, among students there has been a clear increase in the number of diseases such as:

1. mental disorders;

2. peptic ulcer of the gastrointestinal tract;

3. alcohol and drug addiction;

4. sexually transmitted diseases;

Some young people, due to an unbalanced diet and decreased physical activity, gain excess weight, spend little time outdoors, and do not participate in sports and recreational activities.

Thirdly, there is a tendency to expand the process of desocialization and marginalization of young people. The number of young people leading an asocial, immoral lifestyle is increasing. For various reasons and to varying degrees, these include: disabled people, alcoholics, tramps, “professional beggars,” persons serving sentences in correctional labor institutions who strive to be socially useful citizens, but due to social conditions cannot become one. There is lumpenization and criminalization of youth. * students consider themselves to be low-income.

Fourthly, there is a trend towards decreasing opportunities for young people to participate in economic development. Statistics show that the share of young people among the unemployed remains high. The labor market is characterized by a significant flow of labor from the state to the non-state sector of the economy.

By moving into the field for positions that do not require professional knowledge, young people risk their future well-being without ensuring the accumulation of intellectual property - professionalism. Moreover, this area of ​​employment is characterized by a very high degree of criminalization.

Fifthly, there is a downward trend in the social value of labor and the prestige of a number of professions important to society. Sociological research in recent years has stated that in work motivation, priority is given not to meaningful work, but to work aimed at obtaining material benefits. “Big salary” - this motive turned out to be decisive when choosing a place to work.

Modern youth have a trait that shows that most of them want to have a good income, while having neither a profession nor the desire to work. This happens due to the fact that young people lack incentives to work.

The problem of criminal influence on young people cannot but disturb the Belarusian public lately. Among criminal offenses every fourth is carried out by young people and teenagers. Among the offenses, mercenary crimes attract attention - theft, extortion of money, fraud. When analyzing statistical data, the volume of acquisitive crimes in the present period is growing rapidly. It depends on the fact that there is a differentiation among young people and most of the young people, parents cannot give what they would like, taking into account requests. And they themselves cannot receive this due to the fact that they do not have a specialty or work skills. Young people do not want to get an education just because they have no prospects after they get an education. Currently, more and more young people are using drugs. Maybe this comes from the hopelessness of realizing their capabilities or from the fact that, due to a lack of understanding of the seriousness, they were involved in this by people interested in drug trafficking.

Modern Russia is a rather specific country in which there has been a sharp change in the main vector of development. It is no secret that changes in the political and social fields most affect those who have not yet made a decision in life, in whom there is still no solid core laid down by upbringing and education, that is, the youngest.

The problems of modern youth are very different from those that their parents had at the same age. Moreover, they differ in all aspects - moral, social, and economic. The striking differences between their lives and the lives of the previous generation often made constructive dialogue impossible, much less the exchange of experiences between generations - these experiences are too different.

The moral problems of modern youth, according to psychologists, are caused by two main difficulties: laziness and lack of purpose. Many parents, having themselves gone through difficult times of lack of money and “initial accumulation of capital,” strive to make sure that their child does not need anything. And they succeed - the younger generation really does not need anything - neither money, nor family, nor love. By the time they graduate from school, most of them have everything they could dream of (this is especially true for children from big cities - it is more difficult to achieve financial well-being in the provinces), and all they can do is thinklessly. Morality as such is of little interest to them - they have completely different things on their minds , they simply don’t think about it. And parents, who have devoted their entire lives to ensuring that their child is the best, realize with horror that they missed the main thing - they did not teach him to love, respect and appreciate friends, parents, and loved ones.

Modern youth are determined, first of all, by the fact that today’s society sets one task for the guys - to have as much money as possible. But at the same time, everything that happens around teaches the younger generation exclusively that there is no need to earn money - there are many other ways to get it, much easier and simpler. Therefore, in the eyes of young people, things that had significance for their ancestors lose their value. School, education, family and even the state are worthless, because the meaning of life is not in them at all. Such problems of youth in modern society inevitably lead to the gradual degradation of the social and the loss of communication between generations and a primitive existence, devoid of a spiritual component.

The financial problems of modern youth are due to the lack of a clear state policy in this area. The level of scholarships and salaries for beginning specialists today is such that there is no need to talk about any kind of decent existence. At the same time, subsequent employment seems to be very problematic due to the fact that higher education has long been producing an overabundance of specialists, and there are no vacancies for them in their specialty. At the same time, in cities with developed industry, there is a clear shortage of blue-collar professionals, but there are no young people willing to take these positions.

Also, many of the problems of modern youth are caused by the information field in which they live. The Internet and television do not aim at the new generation; their main goal is entertainment. Moreover, most of this entertainment is thoughtless and devoid of any meaning. This is another factor provoking degradation. In other words, the entire surrounding reality, under the influence of which a young personality is formed, influences it not creatively, but destructively, which leads to the emergence of a number of problems and difficulties.

Regional scientific and practical conference "Step into the future - 2013"

Youth in the modern world

Sannikova Elizaveta Konstantinovna

MKOU secondary school in the village of Korsavovo-1

Supervisor:

Agapova Lyudmila Ivanovna

History and Social Studies Teacher

Introduction

I chose this topic: “Youth in the modern world” based on the need to deepen my knowledge on this issue, which we studied in social studies lessons this school year.

The young generation is the basic core of the further development of any society. The situation of young people is a kind of barometer of the state of society as a whole, an indicator of processes occurring in various spheres of social relations. Studying the sentiments and views of young people will not only help solve current problems of improving and optimizing their lives, but also predict the prospects for the development of the professional, political and social spheres of the country.

Finally, I also belong to this social group - youth, so I wanted to get acquainted in more detail with the characteristics and problems of modern youth, with their interests and aspirations.

I wanted to look into my future, getting acquainted, for example, with the state’s youth policy, with the social changes taking place in society, which would help me in the future in choosing a profession and my place in life. Therefore, this topic has not only theoretical, but also practical significance for me.

. Who is considered youth

· The age limit for classifying people as youth varies from country to country. As a rule, the lowest age limit for youth is 13-15 years old, the middle age limit is 16-24 years old, the highest age limit is 25-36 years old.

· Many sociologists consider the population group aged 14 to 25 years to be youth.

· At a meeting on September 30, 2009, the Moscow City Duma adopted a bill defining in the document, in particular, the age of people classified as youth - from 14 to 30 years.

2. Age criteria

Young people, being a heterogeneous formation, are divided into the following age subgroups:

) teenagers. From 13 to 16-17 years old.

) youth. From 16-17 to 20-21 years.

) youth. From 20-21 to 30 years

To determine the age limits of youth, two main approaches are used:

Statistical -determines the strict age limits of youth, is an average indicator that is legally enshrined. But it does not take into account the individual characteristics of the development of young individuals, and therefore, if necessary, it is supplemented sociological or social approach. This approach does not give strictly established age limits for youth, but identifies the following as criteria for determining the upper age limit of youth:

) having a family of their own;

) presence of a profession;

) economic independence;

) personal independence, i.e. the ability to make decisions on your own.

3. Individual boundaries of youth

There are various circumstances that accelerate or delay youth:

- The lower limit is

EARLY ADULTING

I have highlighted some of the circumstances that make you grow up earlier:

.) Early earnings - Until recently, child labor was considered exploitative. Today, a teenager washing cars or standing at the counter in a cafe surprises no one. Moreover, as a sociological study has shown, 94% of adults approve of such additional work.

.) Quick adaptation - Children, due to the flexibility of their mental apparatus, adapt better to changes in society than adults. They are modern and timely, because they are independent, purposeful, active and independent. Children have the qualities that modern parents would like to see in them. While they themselves were raised in a completely different way - in the spirit of discipline, obedience, perseverance. These traits today are more likely to interfere with moving towards success.

.) Authority for parents - Eggs don’t teach a chicken, they said a few decades ago. They teach, even as they teach, - modern moms and dads sigh. One gets the impression that children are already born knowing what bluetooth is and why the modem hangs. It’s no wonder that they feel like experts on many everyday issues. They advise adults what equipment to buy and where to buy it, what clothes to wear, how parents should communicate with each other, how to work on a computer.

.) Knowledge of life - “When I was a child, during the holidays we were seated at a separate table, sent to play in our room so that we would not hear unnecessary conversations.” - that's what parents say. Today, almost from the cradle, adult life invades the nursery through television and the Internet, leaves glossy covers and seeps through the open windows of Doma-2. Parents do not hesitate to discuss their problems in the presence of their child. Sometimes they even involve him in the process itself.

.) New Idols - The entire show business and film industry is focused on creating new role models. Today, the concepts of "real man" and "ideal woman" mean "cool" and "sexy". A sexy woman grabs attention with clothes and makeup, while a cool man has the latest phone and a tidy sum in a purse. Often children adopt the external attributes of growing up, but are not psychologically ready for it.

THE UPPER LIMIT of youth is

“Young old people” or “eternal” youth

You've probably met older people who are young at heart! They continue to get everything out of life! Travel, walks, extreme sports. All this helps many people live and feel like a full-fledged person, despite their years and gray hair. Psychologists say that it is the consciousness of being needed and in demand that prolongs life, fills us with optimism and saves us from depression. Then you want to work. To be active. Exercise. Just live.

SO: Youth is a feeling that necessarily manifests itself both in appearance and in behavior.

4. Social status of youth

Modern young people associate their idea of ​​“adulthood” primarily with changes in their social roles and especially with the beginning of working activity and gaining independence.

In general, the social status of youth is the position of the younger generation in society, determined by its social roles and functions.

The study of young people in the process of social mobility allows us to notice that young people are socially stratified. In modern Russian society, differences between groups within young people are becoming more noticeable. To the traditional socially differentiating characteristics (by forms of employment, by the nature and content of work), new, more significant ones are added, for example, the social affiliation of a young man, the property status of his family.

Young people are characterized by frequent changes in social status and social roles (student-student-worker).

The status positions of young people are determined by the prestige of education and profession (both future and present), lifestyle, values ​​and norms of behavior, and their connection with market positions is also recorded. And the desire to change status is one of the most important needs for young people, “responsible” for social mobility. It has been recorded and confirmed that education is one of the leading channels of social mobility; In addition to it, there are also such channels of social mobility as marriage, religion, profession, politics, and the army.

Since young people do not have clear ideas about the future, they are characterized by an active search for their place

5. Features of youth

youth subculture social age

Modern youth are the way society raised them. The values ​​and preferences of young people have been greatly influenced by many modern events: the collapse of the USSR, terrorist attacks and military conflicts, the development of digital technologies, AIDS, drugs, total shortages, the “dashing” 90s, the mass distribution of mobile phones and the Internet, the era of brands, improving economic conditions , social networks, global social crisis, Olympic Games in Sochi.

Young people have common sense, the intention to receive a quality education, and the desire to work for good remuneration. Unlike older generations, young people do not fear market changes in the economy and demonstrate a commitment to traditional values ​​of family life and material prosperity.

Since young people do not have clear ideas about the future, they are characterized by an active search for their place in life.

. Psychological characteristics of youth

Among the leading psychological qualities of the younger generation are selfishness (58%), optimism (43%), friendliness (43%), activity (42%), determination (42%), freedom (41%). These traits were named by the young people themselves - participants in my own survey. An unstable psyche often becomes the cause of mental breakdowns, suicides, and drugs.

Unformed consciousness - the desire to quickly achieve what you want - leads to various forms of antisocial behavior. Internal inconsistency - the inability to be tolerant - to constant conflicts with others.

The criminalization of a part of Russian youth is also obvious - part of the young population is trying to find their way to social success in criminal structures.

In addition, some young people, in search of the meaning of life or, obeying a sense of social protest, end up in totalitarian sects and extremist political organizations. Many young people are characterized by infantilism - the desire for dependency, the demand for constant self-care, and reduced self-criticism.

And at the same time, in socio-psychological terms, youth is a time of:) Physical maturation;) Development of intellect and will;) Discovery of one’s own “I” and the inner world of a person;) Civil coming of age, i.e. the opportunity to use their rights to the full (from the age of 18)) Infantilism - the desire for dependency, the requirement of constant self-care, reduced self-criticism.

Involuntarily, I remembered the expression, or, more precisely, folk wisdom: “if youth knew, if old age could!” and asked the question: What features of adulthood would you like to acquire, and what features of youth to leave?

LEAVE:

·Striving for self-realization.

·Striving for independence.

·Formation of plans for the future

·Striving not to be like everyone else

BUY:

·SELF CONFIDENCE

CONFIDENCE IN YOUR ACTIONS

7. State youth policy

Youth policy- a system of state priorities and measures aimed at creating conditions and opportunities for successful socialization and effective self-realization of young people, for developing their potential in the interests of the country.

The priority areas of youth policy are:

· involving young people in active social life and constant information about opportunities in education, career growth, leisure, etc.;

· development of creative activity of youth;

· active socialization of young people who find themselves in difficult life situations.

Much attention is paid to solving problems with employment, as well as issues of housing policy and assistance to young families. An important area of ​​youth policy is the prevention of orphanhood.

My Youth Bill.

In modern Russia, a broad legal framework for relations in the field of state youth policy has been formed. But the most important element of this regulatory framework is missing; it has not yet been possible to resolve the issue of adopting a basic federal law that would establish the legal basis for regulating the status of youth, implementing and developing youth policy. How then can young people develop if their rights are not explained? I think that the law, first of all, should meet the modern needs and legitimate interests of young citizens and associations. It is obvious that the young man himself, the specifics of the implementation of his constitutional rights and freedoms, should be at the center of the law. This requires that the law reflect the specifics of the implementation of political, socio-economic and cultural rights and freedoms of young citizens, and lay the foundations for ensuring their observance and implementation in the Russian Federation.

Once upon a time in the 80-90s, the issue of the need to adopt a youth law was very actively discussed in the society of states. But everything remained only in words. I would like to propose my draft law on youth.

In it, I would consider the main problems of modern youth. And this:

Lack of security and confidence in it on the part of the Russian government - there is no clear understanding of history, what is good and what is bad. - disunity of society and nation. -lack of a national idea. -low level of education. -corruption. - inaccessibility and high cost of sports sections and clubs. - lack of mass sports. - corruption of TV and the press.

youth alcoholism, drug addiction.

If these problems are not solved, then it will turn out - lack of prospects for the best + unemployment = lack of future for our country...

. Youth subcultures

The socio-psychological characteristics of youth as a social group are also manifested in the existence of a special youth subculture.

Subculture is the culture of a certain social or demographic group, which is formed within the framework of the traditional (dominant) culture, but differs from it in the specific values, lifestyle, and style of behavior.

Subculture is a certain style, way of life and thinking of individual social groups isolated within society. This is partly due to the high criticality inherent in age, the idea that history begins with us . It is also reflected in the fact that young people by their nature are aimed at transformation, creating something new.

Youth subculture is the culture of the younger generation, expressing the characteristics of the life of young people. For the first time, the youth subculture as a social phenomenon appeared in the 40s-50s of the 20th century in the USA. Subsequently, in the 50s-60s, the youth subculture manifested itself in Europe, and in the 70s-80s in the USSR.

The main features of the youth subculture:

.Challenge adult values ​​and experiment with your own lifestyle;

.Inclusion in various peer groups;

.Peculiar tastes, especially in clothing and music;

Types of subcultures.

Bikers

Bikers are one of the few for whom words one for all and all for one - not an empty phrase, but a lifestyle. A biker is a motorcycle driver. They have evolved from wild hordes, dissecting along the rural roads of vast America, to an elite, tough organization dealing with huge amounts of money, a network that has shrouded the planet.

Rappers and hip-hoppers

A human rapper not only plays sports (which is already a plus), he expresses himself creatively. And the manifestation of talent always leads to personal growth. This is a huge plus.

Everything seems to be fine, but there is such a leak as Gansta . Right here in fashion aggressive style of behavior. Such people may own firearms because they believe that the world is cruel and only they can protect themselves. They consider themselves kings and do not recognize anyone or anything higher than themselves

Skinheads

The idea of ​​skinheads is that only the strong can live. Therefore, you need to be strong, and not only in body, but also in spirit.

They take their idea too literally. It is with skinheads that attacks without causal aggression towards other people are often noticed. They are not at all afraid to kill not yours , and even to some extent strive for this.

Punks

The main idea - Personally, as an outsider, I don’t see others.

Therefore, where punks appear, there are fights, robberies, violence with the aim of desecrating a person.

Rastafarians (Rastafari)

Quite a calm culture and harmless to society. As they say Whatever the child amuses himself with...

In fact, their occupation is idleness; such a person is unlikely to become someone big in social life.

Freaks

There is no negative attitude towards the world and towards not his . There is nothing that they vehemently oppose.

It is their freedom that is their main disadvantage. She gives them everything, while they themselves cannot be influenced from the outside, i.e. if for now it’s harmless and fun, then who knows what it will turn into later... And no one can stop them.

roleplayers

Only intellectually developed people become role players. They are necessarily educated, well-read, and very intelligent and peace-loving. There is danger play too hard according to one scenario or another and you can no longer get out of the role. In such situations, a person simply stands out from society.

Expressing emotions<#"justify">Goths.

Go ́ You are representatives of the gothic subculture, inspired by the aesthetics of the gothic novel, the aesthetics of death, gothic music and consider yourself to be part of the gothic scene.

Representatives of the movement appeared in 1979 on the wave of post-punk. The goths channeled the punkish shocking behavior into a passion for vampire aesthetics and a dark view of the world.

When getting acquainted with subcultures, you involuntarily ask the question: Is a youth subculture a movement of the soul, a desire to stand out, or a social protest???

I believe that first of all it is the desire to stand out, not to be a “gray mass”. And as reasons going underground youth calls:. A challenge to society, a protest... A challenge to the family, misunderstanding in the family... Not wanting to be like everyone else... The desire will be established in a new environment.. Attract attention to yourself... The area of ​​organizing leisure time for young people in the country is underdeveloped. Copying Western structures, trends, culture... Religious ideological beliefs.. Tribute to fashion.. Lack of purpose in life.. The influence of criminal structures, hooliganism... Age hobbies.. Media influence.

Youth culture is more a culture of leisure than work. Hence the special youth slang.

Russian youth slang is an interesting linguistic phenomenon, the existence of which is limited not only by certain age limits, as is clear from its nomination itself, but also by social, temporal, and spatial limits.

It occurs among urban student youth and individual more or less closed groups.

Like all social dialects, it is only a lexicon that feeds on the juices of the national language and lives on its phonetic and grammatical soil.

It seems that youth slang should become the object of close attention of linguists, because, as examples of other slang systems show, special vocabulary sometimes penetrates the literary language and is fixed there for many years.

I believe that youth slang is lack of culture and disrespect for elders. For me, it’s better to speak our great Russian language than to distort it, break it and borrow words. Our generation looks up to Europe, but I don’t understand why? From Europe they take everything from clothing styles to behavior and speech patterns, and borrow words. And our government is largely to blame for this, since since the time of Peter 1, Russia has tried to be equal to Europe. Of course, there are advantages to this, but there are no downsides either. For example, in our time it has become fashionable to say not a girl, but “a chick or a chick”, now not a beloved guy, but “boyfriend” (although the word boyfriend has a completely different meaning, literally - a guy-friend). So where is the respect for each other? And now he's gone. And this is one of the social ills of our modern society.

. Social portrait of modern Russian youth

But it is not without reason that youth is the time of forming one’s own views and patterns of behavior, the ability to process information, form positions and follow one’s social roles.

Based on all of the above, I tried to create a social portrait of modern Russian youth. In doing so, I used the latest data from the Public Opinion Foundation.

The new generation today is tireless optimists, satisfied with life, looking forward with hope, extremely loyal to the authorities and not experiencing expressed protest sentiments.

The majority of today's young people can safely be classified as the “golden personnel reserve” thanks to high degree of loyalty to the current government: 75% 18-25 year oldsRussians are appreciated the work of Russian President V.V. PutinHow good(vs. 68% among the population over 25 years old); 82% youthindicated that Head of Government D. Medvedevworks at his post Fine(vs. 75% among the population over 25 years old). Somewhat cooler respondents 18-25 years oldevaluate the work Russian government: 50% positive answers (among the population over 25 years old - 43%).

Despite youth, which, as the history of mankind shows, is characterized by a rebellious spirit, the current Russian youth are not readyto take to the streets and participate in protests. According to this indicator, the age group 18-25 years oldhas no qualitative differences from the group over 25 years old ( 72% and 71%, respectively), and this result logically correlates with a high degree of satisfaction with one’s life and loyalty to the current government.

About half of young people have permanent job(in January 2010 - 44 %), 12% receive a scholarship 10% enjoy financial support from relatives and friends.

Areas of life that cause anxiety when thinking about the future?

So, the most “scary” areas turned out to be:

1.Profession

.Family and marriage

.Studies

.Habitat

.Society, country

What social problems of our society are most pressing for young people?

Unfortunately, the media has a serious negative impact on the social health of young Russians. The main source of information for young people is, in descending order, the Internet, television, and local TV channels.

Therefore, the main problems of modern youth are:

· Lack of spirituality

· Moral degradation of personality and reduction in the value of human life

· Inaction, indifference, individualism

· Sexual promiscuity

· Family collapse

· Cult of money

· Social dependency

Also among the problems of young people it is worth highlighting:

Ø Unemployment

Ø Corruption

Ø Lack of security and confidence in it on the part of the Russian government

Ø Low level of education

Ø Inaccessibility and high cost of sports sections

Ø Lack of mass sports

Ø Youth alcoholism and drug addiction

10. Basic life values ​​and goals of youth

Every person strives for success, wealth, happiness. Therefore, modern youth are trying to get higher education and not just one, but several. Not everyone can afford it. Nowadays, you have to pay to get an education (with the exception of the budgetary basis). Yes, this is a financial problem, but young people are determined and try to get hired as a watchman, a kiosk salesperson, a cleaner, or any paid job in order to be able to study.

One of the most important values ​​of people is freedom. Freedom of speech, action, and choice are necessary for self-affirmation and self-improvement. Here the question arises: “Will youth become a consumer society?” V. Dahl wrote: “Freedom is will.” Although these words are synonymous, in my opinion they should be viewed a little differently. Freedom has certain boundaries that cannot be violated. And will has no limits. Therefore, modern youth must understand the meaning of the word freedom.

The next life value is awareness of the need for health. We must strive for a healthy lifestyle. Only a healthy person can feel like a full-fledged person, feel all the beauty and charm of life in all its manifestations. How I would like to see today’s youth in such a state. And it’s good that most of it is aware of this.

Spiritual culture is very important in the life of modern youth. Spiritual culture can give rise to painting, the birth of poetry, etc. Many can become artists and writers. Modern youth actively participates in various activities in order to preserve the environment, protect nature, care for the disabled, the elderly, etc. She knows how to adapt to a variety of societies and defend her opinions.

Young people are essentially sociable and friendly people. We have a different worldview, very different from our aunts, uncles, mothers, fathers, grandfathers and grandmothers. There are concepts of “cool” and “sucks”. We try to conform to the outside world and cannot live without communication - this is another value. If we spend some time socializing, we strengthen the bonds of friendship with new friends. With the help of communication, we show our manners, our upbringing and gain respect for ourselves as simply a good person. In difficult times, these people will always support and help.

Modern youth are very sociable and comprehensively developed. Young people have great prospects. They boldly look into the future and achieve their goals. Our youth are our future.

Is there any difference in the basic life goals and values ​​of young people in different countries?

I tried to figure this out. For comparison, I took data from German sociologists.

There are approximately 6 million young people aged 14 to 21 living in Germany. Their favorite activities: sports, going to the movies, listening to music, going to a disco, “just hanging out.” Their greatest concerns relate to unemployment, environmental degradation, crime, right-wing radicalism, hostility towards foreigners, and youth violence. Desires related to the future: 75% would like to get married someday, 83% want to have children.

It turns out that we are Russians, and they - Germans - are very similar. Probably, this is a property of youth in general, regardless of nationality. And that's great! This means that we can easily find a common language, we can jointly fight common troubles and problems and look confidently into the future.

Conclusion

From the above it follows that the existing range of problems in youth research is very diverse. Despite the fact that much attention is paid to the problem of education of modern youth, related problems are also in the close focus of social researchers: these are housing problems, problems with unemployment, problems of leisure, political insecurity and corruption of youth by the media, as well as the fight against drugs of a different nature.

Thus, social researchers still have a lot to do in studying modern youth, their social environment and social factors influencing the life course of children, adolescents and young people.

Bibliography

Your child is informal. Parents about youth subcultures M.: Genesis, 2010

Life prospects and professional self-determination of young people Kyiv: Naukova Dumka,

Psychology of asocial-criminal groups of adolescents and youth NPO "MODEK", MPSI

Developmental psychology: youth, maturity, old age: Proc. aid for students higher textbook establishments M.: Publishing center "Academy"

Kukhterina E.A. Variability of value orientations of young people depending on the region.

Kukhterina E.A. Social mobility of youth: Monograph. Tyumen: Publishing and Printing Center "Express", 2004.

A generation of young people has formed in Russia that is very different from their predecessors. The image of a young careerist, clearly depicted in Megafon advertising - “The future depends on you” - remained in the 90s. The 2000s generation is indifferent to a career, rejects mass culture and rampant consumerism. For some of today’s youth, the slogan “The future does not depend on you” is more relevant.

The word "youth" should be written with two letters "g". The Internet “Live Journal” (LJ) has become a habitat for thousands of young people. There they argue about the structure of the world and complain about yesterday's hangover. Revolutions are being prepared there and marriages are being destroyed... Virtual diaries are a real treasure for sociologists. Where else can one find such an array of texts created by a “common man”?!

I decided to use this unique material. I bring to your attention my conclusions. In some ways they can be considered controversial. But at the very least, this study makes us think about what the “LJ generation” represents. And certainly this method of study is much more productive than endless surveys on the topic “What is more important to you - high earnings or spiritual harmony?”

I myself defined the subject of my research as follows: “I set the task of studying the most advanced part of young people. But not “golden” and not “bohemian”. Such groups were, are and will be regardless of the blogosphere. They can be called trendsetters, that is, people who broadcast cultural innovations to the wider masses. I proceeded from the fact that the blogosphere has become the main channel for the dissemination of trends. In Moscow, St. Petersburg and cities with a population of over a million, trendsetters are in one way or another connected with the blogosphere.”

Trend 1

From careerism to indifference

The 90s generation worked extremely hard. Plans for building a career were hatched at a very young age - they thought about it already in the tenth grade, and even more so in the first year of college. Any job was assessed, first of all, from the point of view of its prospects for a future career, and the transition from one job to another - from the point of view of what a new line on a resume would look like.

Of course, there were many exceptions, but that was the general attitude. Many young people were willing to work 20 hours a day. Positions of top managers in leading corporations or the coveted business of their own loomed ahead.

Today's youth are indifferent to a career. She does not accept work that is motivated solely by making money and does not provide opportunities for self-expression, does not want to work in an office, on a strict schedule, and is generally not ready to devote most of her time to work.

“The people who are concerned about money are mostly older generations who have experienced poverty. I like people who earn themselves within the reach. There is money - good, no money - bad, we will try to earn. I am one of them"

Young people of the 90s dreamed of becoming bankers, lawyers, commercial and financial directors. The professional ideal of youth of the 2000s is a journalist, designer, programmer, PR manager. Freelancing has become a bright sign of the times.

Creating your own business is perhaps the only thing that today's young people want as much as their peers did 10 years ago. However, if the youth of the 90s tried in every possible way to develop their own business in order to eventually turn it into a large enterprise and enter the business elite, then today’s young people do not want to waste time and energy on this. They are quite satisfied with small business, which gives them financial independence and the opportunity to do what they love on a free schedule.

Young people of the 90s took on any business - from selling diapers to private delivery. Modern young people are not ready to dramatically change their lifestyle and social circle, even if this promises considerable profit. As a rule, they create their own small businesses in areas that are familiar to them and where they do not need to spend time establishing relevant connections.

“I devote my free time to the same things I devote my working time to, only these are no longer custom projects, but for the soul, so to speak. That is, when it appears, that is, time, I either take a photograph, or process what has already been photographed, or draw, since the easel is always at hand, or go to paint plaster casts in the studio, or read, or glue something...; It is extremely difficult for me to sit still for a long time ... "

The main reason that the “career” option began to lose its attractiveness for young people was the awareness of the “limits to growth.” In the 90s, the skies seemed open. Ten years later, most young people understand perfectly well that there is a very definite “ceiling” above which it is almost impossible to rise. The “social elevator,” which provided rapid vertical movement in the 90s, stopped in the 2000s.

Economic stabilization also contributed to the decrease in the attractiveness of the "career" option. Modern young people are not afraid to be left without a livelihood. They understand that they can always find some work. The generation of the 90s faced an alternative: work or living and poverty. The generation of the 2000s is characterized by a different alternative: exhausting and exhausting work to build a career, or calm, “easy” creative work for pleasure.

The devaluation of the value of a career in the minds of young people is indirectly related to the growth of the value of freedom. For the youth of the 90s, freedom also had a certain value, but it was interpreted very narrowly - as an opportunity not to depend financially on anyone, to buy various goods and services, etc.

The youth of the 2000s understand freedom as independence from any circumstances and as spontaneity - the ability to change work, place of residence, lifestyle. For today's young people, freedom is one of the key values, and a free lifestyle is the exact opposite of "corporate slavery."

trend 2

Escape from popular culture

On the one hand, modern young people are children of mass culture, and they are well aware of this. On the other hand, they do their best to distance themselves from this culture.

Modern young people are clearly aware of their cultural "advancement", this is a matter of their pride. From their point of view, all other "average" inhabitants are distinguished by a low level of education and culture, a lack of interests and hobbies, with the exception of primitive consumerism. Their attitude is rather arrogant.

For the youth of the 90s, the object of constant irony was the so-called scoop, that is, a very limited, conservative, unenterprising person. For young people of the 2000s, the objects of ridicule are “gopniks”, “glamorous pussies” (girls whose meaning of life is entertainment and consumption) and “office plankton” (managers of all stripes who spend most of their lives in the office, doing routine and uninteresting work) .

The negative attitude towards these three socio-cultural groups is caused not only by rejection of their way of life and values, but also by their absolute stereotypedness and lack of any individuality.

Television (especially humorous programs, series and reality shows) is considered an example of “dullness,” mass production and stereotypedness. The vast majority of modern young people watch TV quite rarely, and even then solely for the purpose of laughing at the “stars” of the airwaves.

"Modern culture. Well, firstly, the culture of conformism and the absorption of the individual by the masses. Availability of music, art, etc. makes it not the property of a few, but the lot of many. From there comes the devastation of art."

The genre of parody of television programs and their characters is extremely popular among young people. For example, one of the largest blogging communities is the foto_zaba community, whose members use the graphic editor Photoshop to remake pictures from popular TV shows and movies. Evgeny Petrosyan, Ksenia Sobchak and Vladimir Putin enjoy special “love” from the “gills”.

Another topic for mockery is also advertising. Logos, commercials, slogans are being redesigned. An example of such a transformation was the new corporate identity of MTS. The number of adaptations, parodies and jokes on the theme of “red eggs” exceeded a thousand.

Parodies of popular culture are sometimes extremely cynical, but this is a reaction to the falsity of popular culture itself. A certain vague feeling is being formed among young people, which can be called a longing for romanticism and true values.

Being often ostentatiously cynical, young people try with all their might to avoid insincerity in relationships with loved ones and friends. Hence the extremely negative attitude towards the “secular” style of communication a la “Dom-2”, as well as towards advertising, which uses lofty words to cover up the banal desire to sell a product or service.

“Now in our world, unfortunately, there is a lot of insincerity, and very often people hide some selfish goals and interests behind the concept of “friendship”. Plus, it seems to me that people are so preoccupied with their own problems, of which we all have a great many, that sometimes there is no time left to just ask a friend how he is doing.”

Another evidence of the “longing for romance” is the mythological image of the Soviet past that has formed among today’s young people. The USSR appears in an idealized form, as a society where there were no national conflicts, terrorism and drug addiction, where feelings were sincere, and people were naive and selfless.

“If you were a child in the 60s, 70s or 80s, looking back, it's hard to believe we managed to survive until today... Our cribs were painted with bright, high-lead paints. There were no secret lids on the medicine bottles, the doors were often not locked, and the cabinets were never locked. We drank water from the water pump on the corner, not from plastic bottles. No one could think of riding a bike wearing a helmet. Horror"

The theme of the pre-perestroika period is also closely related to the search for one’s own identity, since the answer to the question “who am I?” worries modern bloggers quite a lot.

Trend 3

Politics without politics

The attitude towards politics also reflects the desire to distance oneself from the “mass”. Young people simply ignore any form of political activity. They do not participate in elections because, in their opinion, the outcome of the elections in no way depends on their participation.

“I am only concerned with those world problems that are directly related to me, and in general, the expression “even a flood after us” is quite practical.”

Any form of political activity - both right and left - becomes the object of satire no less acute than in the case of television and pop music. For example, the pro-government youth association “Nashi” is ridiculed for its adherence to pretentious slogans.

Left-wing political activists of the National Bolshevik persuasion evoke a little more sympathy. The readiness for self-sacrifice, the real, and not ostentatious, suffering of the National Bolsheviks for the idea evokes respect among young people. As a rule, “leftists” are not mocked, but their convictions are not shared. After all, left-wing activists are also captives of mass culture. Nationalist movements are quite sharply rejected. The vast majority of members of the blogging community are internationalists. Their ideal is “citizens of the world,” children of different national cultures who move freely around the world and communicate with each other. Nationalists, and especially their aggressive wing, are associated with savagery and barbarism.

Some bloggers attend various political events, but they go there mainly to “have fun”, in other words, to have fun, and not at all to defend their point of view.

Young people prefer to observe political life, make caustic criticisms, but not interfere in anything. Unlike the traditional Russian and Soviet intelligentsia, who observed political life with a sense of tragedy, modern youth joke and have fun. Absurdist flash mobs became an expression of this easy attitude.

A flash mob is a collective action, which, as a rule, is of a ridiculous nature, from the point of view of most citizens. For example, several dozen or hundreds of young people may gather and begin to squat or repeat the same word at the same time.

Once in Novosibirsk on May 1, representatives of various political parties gathered in the main square of the city to hold rallies. About a hundred flash mobbers came there. Young people began to lead a huge round dance around the protesters, holding posters like “No to the colonization of Mars”, “No to the exploitation of the theme of Siberian savagery in modern art”, etc. Some of the posters were written in ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs.

Neither the protesters nor the police knew what to do. The organizers of the May Day demonstration could not understand what it was? If a movement, what are its goals? If the protest is against whom and what?

In fact, the flash mobers did not have any specific goals. In general, this is characteristic of the entire young generation of the 2000s - the absence of long-term goals and a “research” approach to one’s own destiny (“life itself will tell you what goals to strive for”). Nevertheless, in addition to simply the desire to shock the public, there is a certain, albeit not always conscious, protest in flash mobs. This is a protest against stereotypes, “correctness,” and the pollution of political and social life. But the protest is precisely in that inactive, ironic form, which is extremely characteristic of “fugitives” from the society of mass culture.

Trend 4

Traveler, but not a tourist

Entertainment and leisure also demonstrate the ardent desire of young people to stand out, “not to be like everyone else.” For example, special types of travel are becoming increasingly popular among young people.

These are long trips, often with stops for several months in the place you like. Travelers of this type strive to live the same way as the local population lives: eat the same food, dress in the same clothes, speak the same language and generally not look like tourists in the eyes of locals. They find some kind of job (or remotely, via the Internet, continue to do the same thing they did in Russia, for example, computer design), rent an apartment or room, and make local friends.

In recent years, a “movement to the south” has begun - to India, Thailand, Vietnam. Since life in these countries is extremely cheap, it is not difficult for young people from Moscow or St. Petersburg to save up an amount with which they then live in the tropics for a year, enjoying the warm climate and a carefree existence. Such Russian travelers appeared in America, Africa and even Australia and New Zealand.

“We belong to the last generation of travelers. The world is rapidly becoming the same; asphalt, democracy and dollars are quickly spreading across the entire surface of the planet.”

The hobbies of modern young people are varied. The very fact that a person has some kind of hobby is important. If in the 90s it was considered normal for young people to have no time for anything other than sleep, then for today’s youth such a lifestyle is completely unacceptable. It is believed that people who do not have hobbies outside of work live unfulfilling lives. Representatives of the “office plankton”, who after a hard and stressful day barely have the strength to crawl to the sofa and, while drinking beer, look blankly at the TV, evoke sharply negative feelings among the modern younger generation.

“I want interesting events. Now I really want to, for example, stalk somewhere, climb vertically, go on a boat trip.”

Modern young people go in for sports (usually extreme sports), look for abandoned places in the “urban jungle”, climb onto the roofs of high-rise buildings in search of beautiful views (roofers), jump from one roof to another (parkour), go down into underground communications ( diggers), participate in the historical reconstruction of various eras and cultures (role-players) - the list of hobbies is endless.

The main criteria when choosing a hobby are its non-banality and “unpromotedness.” The beginning of “commercial exploitation” of a particular hobby (the appearance of advertising, PR campaigns) reduces its attractiveness in the eyes of young people. This happened, for example, with snowboarding and rock climbing. From “advanced” sports, they quickly turned into mass ones and, in youth parlance, “got populated.”

Trend 5

Refusal of prestigious consumption

Modern young people are not characterized by prestigious consumption. The youth of the 90s were obsessed with status. There was a clear imperative - if you were successful, you had to dress in Gucci or Armani, drive a Mercedes or BMW, drink Hennessey cognac and smoke Davidoff or Parliament cigarettes.

For young people in the 2000s, the value of status is no longer absolute. At least, modern young people are not ready to buy goods just because in the eyes of others they are prestigious and indicate material wealth. It cannot be said that modern youth are completely oblivious to public opinion. However, if ten years ago young people sought to demonstrate their financial success, now they want to emphasize their individuality. A suit for a representative of the 2000s generation can include both expensive brands and very cheap ones, and even non-branded items - the main thing is that the resulting combination is typical for you.

The advent of “individual” consumption to replace “status” consumption has thoroughly mixed the cards for marketers. Ten years ago, young consumers could be more or less clearly structured according to income. Today we can very often meet young people who buy clothes of the same inexpensive brand, smoke the same elite cigarettes, and at the same time their income differs significantly.

Increased interest in shopping is considered a sign of limitations among young people. There are, however, exceptions. For example, attention is paid to the purchase of a computer and computer equipment. Carefully select hobby-related items, such as sports equipment or cameras.

Trend 6

Generation of Skeptics

The generation of 2000s can rightly be called the generation of skeptics. Young people do not believe in advertising, do not trust the media, and are extremely skeptical about various PR campaigns. They understand perfectly well that behind all advertising campaigns there is a purely pragmatic desire to sell a product.

“The “battle for consumer consciousness” is perceived as a kind of game: companies strive to gain our favor and bombard us with advertising and PR campaigns - OK, we will watch these attempts with interest”

There is some respect for elegant advertising campaigns that achieve maximum results with a minimum of funds. Massive campaigns with million-dollar budgets are perceived more skeptically. And advertising that tries to openly and primitively deceive the consumer (for example, “bank loans at 0%”) causes a sharp rejection. Moreover, an “expert” attitude to advertising is typical not only for professionals, but also for those young people who have nothing to do with advertising and PR.

And yet, despite the ardent desire to distance themselves from mass culture, modern young people in many ways remain “children of the consumer society.” They physically cannot do without a dozen or two personal hygiene items, without quality products, without sushi, disposable tableware and a host of other delights of civilization.

What will happen to our generation next? Probably, after 30 years, the vast majority of bloggers integrate into various professional communities, get married, and have children. A high level of education and the presence of various social ties will provide them with a fairly high position in society. However, the majority of inhabitants of LJ space prefer not to think about the future. It's too boring.

Conclusion

“I try not to think about the future, i.e. about such a global future... It’s somehow more pleasant to live today. For me, the future is today Wednesday, tomorrow Thursday, and this is already the future. I live for today, hour, minute. Therefore, almost everything that is a little further is the future for me, I am not chasing it, that is, I have no desire to “rewind” time forward. Old age is in the future, and I am young, healthy, energetic (as they say, not bad-looking), I am afraid of growing old "

Performer: 5th year student

correspondence F.T.Zh. 03-21z

Head: Alexandrova N.A.

Sources

1. Pearson T. System of modern societies. M., 1997.

2. Fokht - Babushkin Yu.U. Art in people's lives. SP. 2001.

Yadov V.A. Sociological research: methodology, program, methods. M., 1995.

4. Yadov V.A. Strategy of sociological research. Description, explanation, understanding of social reality. M., 19999 advantages of network marketing (MLM business) for modern youth

Different people come to network marketing, especially many young people. This is due to the desire to improve their financial condition and get at least some kind of income in an environment where no one is hiring. This type of business is interesting for students because... they communicate with a large audience of peers and have the opportunity to earn extra money, but there is no money.

Having entered the network business, young people do not have clear ideas about life, about making money, and about business in general. We heard something about opportunities, some of our friends or relatives were doing something. There are a large number of stereotypes in my head, imposed by my peers and lack of financial literacy. But there is also a lot of good things - at this age there is an opportunity to easily change yourself, develop your personal qualities, and quickly learn new things. This is what network marketing is all about - training and personal development.

Unfortunately, young people come to MLM companies to earn a little pocket money. Therefore, the main work comes down to selling products. Some people don’t even understand, and don’t even want to delve into the essence of the serious earnings that can be made in business. It's a pity. Someone is trying to create team turnover. But a lack of perseverance, determination and self-confidence quickly ruins attempts to create a happy life.

But among young men and women there are many ambitious and thoughtful people who realize that wage labor will not lead them to wealth. A great desire to live better than peers leads to the creation of high income. But for this you need to work for yourself and on yourself.

What network marketing gives to youth:

1. Additional income that can be obtained from selling the company's products. If girls or boys do not want to delve into the complexities of network marketing, they simply engage in sales. Having many relatives and friends, you can create a good additional income, which can reach up to 10,000 rubles per month. Of course, you need to devote part of your personal time to this: find clients, go to them, bring a catalog of goods and products.

After a while, such monotonous work begins to get boring, because... a person does not see a life goal in front of him. Why is he doing this? For the sake of an extra thousand? After several months, young people give up selling, except to make purchases for themselves. A negative attitude remains: they promised a lot of money, but they had to work a lot for pennies.

2. Income from the team’s turnover. Network Marketing and Youth

The essence of the network marketing business is not large individual sales, but the creation of a structure of consumers and sellers that gives a large turnover. It is from this that the company pays interest, which constitutes a significant income for MLM entrepreneurs. Boys and girls who have seriously decided to make a career in this business begin to create such teams and invite their friends, relatives, acquaintances and strangers to the MLM company.

Everyone knows that in network marketing there is no quick money from the team’s turnover, because... it still needs to be created. But this income becomes quite high and stable if you put the right efforts into it. Only training allows you to develop the mindset of a rich person, which is an indispensable condition for success in any business. Attending training events develops the skills and abilities necessary for work, which make it possible to achieve serious results. After all, entire schools have now been created to train beginners. That. Whoever takes advantage of this opportunity is successful.

3. Passive income in MLM business

Why is network marketing called an investment business? Once done, the work will bring a constant income for many years. What is it? Raising leaders in your team Leading them to results is what gives this passive income. The company pays additional bonuses for the success of your leaders. But such leaders can be trained innumerable. Hence the fabulous profits that seem unattainable to modern youth. It just needs to work right.

4. Personal development in MLM business

Communication with successful and experienced people, reading books on the psychology of success changes the consciousness of the younger generation. A person develops personality qualities that allow him to be successful: determination, responsibility, determination, capacity, creative activity. How the youth of today lack this! How many lazy, passive young people loitering around the streets with a can of beer! They live one day, without dreams and goals.

5. Financial literacy.

The economic knowledge of our population is very weak. Even if someone graduated from the Faculty of Economics, it is not a fact that he will be able to earn money. Our institutions do not teach you how to be rich and successful. I already wrote about this in the article “What They Don’t Teach at School.” Our population is being educated for wage work. It is impossible to become rich here. Here you need to change your thinking and understand some postulates: you do not work for money, but money works for you. To make this so, you need to make some efforts (See the article The Mind of a Rich Man).

6. Recognition.

I think everyone is pleased to receive flowers and gifts, hear applause and exclamations of admiration. Knowing your success fills your heart with happiness; wings appear, you want to do even more... You feel like a significant person, and not a small cog in a huge state machine.

7. Secured future

Young people have every chance to create a full, happy life for themselves, in which there is no place for need and poverty. After all, the whole life ahead, so much can be done! You can not depend on a pension and not work from morning to evening, but enjoy life. You need to take the right steps to achieve your dreams. You can confidently look into your future, give a good education to your children, leave an inheritance to your grandchildren, give the most desired toys and entertainment, not experience difficulties with housing and not have a young family with their parents huddle in a two-room apartment.

8. Travel.

Who doesn't love to travel? And at the expense of the company? Network marketing can give you this opportunity. With a good income, you can go wherever you want.

9. A real profitable business

Money, as K. Balmont said, is ringing opportunities. With a real business, you can have many opportunities without needing anything. A business that can be inherited by your child - isn’t this the most important opportunity? Why do all this? For the sake of your future! Moreover, now you can create a business on the Internet. There are special technologies and business tools for this.

Some MLM companies value young people very much and make every effort to train and develop them. Even youth movements are being created, where boys and girls form communities with people like them who want to change their lives along with network marketing. Educational events, competitions, youth parties, seminars and trainings help you gain success, self-confidence, learn how to work correctly and get great money.

There are a lot of very successful young entrepreneurs in the MLM business known in Russia and abroad. There are students among them, and even schoolchildren. Children can do it, but are you weak?

Now let us dwell on the role and importance of youth in society. In general, this role is due to the following objective circumstances.

1. Young people, being a fairly large socio-demographic group, occupy an important place in national economic production as the only source of replenishment of labor resources.

2. Youth is the main carrier of the intellectual potential of society. She has great abilities for work and creativity in all areas of life.

3. Young people have a fairly large social and professional perspective. It is capable of mastering new knowledge, professions and specialties faster than other social groups of society.

The indicated circumstances can be confirmed by factual and statistical data.

By the beginning of 1990, there were 62 million people in the former USSR. under the age of 30. Moreover, every fourth city resident and every fifth village resident were young people. In total, citizens under the age of 30 made up 43% of the working population.

The share of young people aged 16 to 30 in the former USSR in 1990 was 22% of the total population. Approximately the same percentage was in Ukraine. Over the past ten years, there has been a decrease in the young population in the territory of the former USSR by 4.8 million people, including in Ukraine, the share of young people from 1989 to 1999 decreased from 22 to 20%.

According to 1986 data, about 40 million young men and women were employed in the national economy of the former USSR. Moreover, in some industries, more than half of the workers were young people. For example, in industry and construction, 54% of workers were under 30 years of age, in agriculture - 44, in mechanical engineering - 40, in light industry - more than 50%.

In recent years, the following trends have been noted in the demographic situation regarding young people:

The number of rural youth is increasing, which is a good prerequisite for the demographic revival of the village;

There is a pronounced trend towards rejuvenation of motherhood, although a significant number of young families, due to socio-economic problems, are in no hurry to have children;

The number of young migrants is increasing, etc.

Fundamentally important when considering youth problems is the question of youth as the subject and object of social transformations.

The role of youth as a subject and object in the historical process of development of society is very specific. From the point of view of the mechanism of socialization of youth, first a young person, entering life, is the object of the influence of social conditions, family, friends, institutions of learning and education, and then, in the process of growing up and transition from childhood to adolescence, he learns and begins to create the world himself, i.e. ...becomes the subject of all socio-economic, political and social transformations.

It is clear that the problem of youth has a global, universal character, and therefore is in the center of attention of all countries and the largest organizations in the world.

Through UNESCO, for example, from 1979 to 1989 alone, more than 100 documents related to youth problems were adopted. Most of them emphasize that young people themselves, through their work, must realize their goals. Young people should be in constant search, dare, build their own destiny. Naturally, this is characteristic only of democratic societies, countries with a high level of economic and social development.

At the same time, characterizing the problems of youth, at the fortieth session of the UN General Assembly, attention was drawn to the fact that “young people play a dual, at first glance, contradictory role: on the one hand, they actively contribute to the process of social change, and on the other hand, they turn out to be his victims."

Indeed, today young people cannot be focused solely on the implementation of national affairs related to the solution of planned tasks; she should have the opportunity to solve her own youth problems. The interests of young people, their real, pressing problems are an organic part of all social tasks of society. Here it is appropriate to recall an interesting statement by the famous psychologist I. S. Kon that in the 20th century the rate of change of new technology began to outstrip the rate of change of new

generations. This feature of the scientific and technological revolution significantly affected the psyche and psychology of young people and more clearly revealed their inability to cope with life. We will enter the 21st century with this problem of youth.

Along with the loss by older generations of the right to perform traditional teaching and educational functions, the problem of youth independence, their preparation for life, for conscious actions has become more acute.

Young people today, on the one hand, increasingly feel themselves to be a special group of society within a certain “youth culture”, and on the other hand, they increasingly suffer from the intractability of many of their specific problems. At the same time, the most serious factor deforming the psyche of young people is the lack of certain trust in them. Boys and girls are very little involved in solving and implementing a variety of problems in the life of modern society. Moreover, they are not even included as equals in the discussion of various issues that concern all citizens.

As a result of all the reasons and problems discussed above, a certain differentiation occurs among young people, which has so far been little studied by sociological science. In particular, V.F. Levicheva, in her works during the period of rapid growth of so-called informal youth associations, identified three classes of social objects of fundamentally different types: teenage groups; amateur youth associations of various orientations (groups for the protection of historical and cultural monuments, “green” groups, associations of creative youth, leisure groups, sports, recreational and peacekeeping associations, political clubs, etc.); popular fronts (social formations that included young people).

SUMMARY

1. The most acceptable, in our opinion, is the following interpretation of the concept of “youth”: “Youth is a relatively large socio-demographic group, identified on the basis of a set of age characteristics, characteristics of social status, socio-psychological properties that are determined by the social system and culture , the laws of socialization and education in a given society."

There is also a more complex and multifaceted definition: “Youth as a social group is a specific social community of people, which occupies a certain place in the social structure of society, is characterized by the process of acquiring stable social status in various social substructures (social class, social settlement, professional and labor, socio-political, family and everyday life), and therefore, is distinguished by the commonality of the problems being solved and the resulting commonality of social interests and characteristics of forms of life activity" [No. 17].

With the transition to the market and the emergence of a democratic society, not only the ideals of young people, but also the social ideal of young people in general change significantly. In particular, the conclusions of the Ukrainian scientist Yu. Tereshchenko are very interesting, who identifies such traits in a person of our time (and, consequently, in young people).

Firstly, he writes, he is an economically free, enterprising, proactive, and active person. He is characterized by independent creativity associated with organizing a new business and a constant number of opportunities to apply his own strength.

Secondly, this is a person deeply interested in personal involvement in political freedoms. Such a person is characterized by developed legal and moral responsibility, he is able to protect himself and others.

Thirdly, this is a person with a clearly defined ideological and environmental orientation.

Fourthly, this is a person with a nationally oriented consciousness. Such a person loves his people; for him, his native language and other signs of his native culture are a means of national self-identification.

2. The question of the age limits of young people is not just a subject of theoretical scientific debate. In particular, the upper limit of youth age, with all its conventions, implies precisely the age at which a young person becomes economically independent, capable of creating material and spiritual values, and continuing the human race. And this means that all these conditions must be considered in close unity, interdependence, and especially without any idealization. For example, it is known that many

young people become economically independent (able to earn a living and self-sufficiency) even before the age of 28. Of course, this does not exclude receiving economic assistance from parents, relatives, friends at a later age. In this regard, it seems to us that the limit of youth (28 years) is largely determined by the period of completion of studies, acquisition of a profession, i.e., completion of preparation for productive work in any field of activity.

Over time, the age range of young people (in particular in Ukraine), apparently, will have to be revised and determined taking into account new socio-economic, political and other conditions for the formation and establishment of Ukrainian statehood as a whole.

3. Youth is not only a biological, but also a social process, dialectically related to the reproduction of society both demographically and socially. Youth is not just an object - a successor to the material and spiritual wealth of society, but also a subject - a transformer of social relations. “History,” noted K. Marx and F. Engels, “is nothing more than a sequential system of individual generations, each of which uses materials, capital, productive forces transferred to it by all previous generations... Indeed, from the fact that What, relatively speaking, tone will the conversation take place between the “fathers” who pass on the heritage and the “children” who accept it, largely, if not decisively, depends on the sustainability and stability of the system)