Description of the district town in the comedy The Inspector General. The city in N.V. Gogol’s comedy “The Inspector General”

The events of N.V. Gogol’s comedy “The Inspector General” take place in 1831 in a certain provincial town. As the mayor said about him, “Yes, from here, even if you gallop for three years, you won’t reach any state.” This is an ordinary city, no different from other cities.
There is no order in this city: in hospitals, doctors walk dirty, the sick “look like blacksmiths” and smoke strong tobacco, and the doctors don’t even care about them: “if he dies, he will die like that, if he recovers, then he will recover anyway,” in in the courthouse, the watchmen raise geese and dry clothes, the assessor is always drunk, “he smells as if he had just come out of a distillery,” and the judge writes a memorandum in such a way that “Solomon himself will not decide what is true in it and what is not.” not true." IN educational institutions When explaining the material, teachers either make grimaces or talk very emotionally, that is, they set a bad example for the students. And the streets are dirty, “I forgot that near that fence there were forty carts of all sorts of rubbish piled up.”
But life is not easy for people in this city. Especially merchants, whom officials rob in every possible way. The mayors take everything they see. And he also “completely killed the merchants by standing around.” But not only the mayor was unfair to the merchants, but also to many others. For example, the mayor ordered a married man to be turned into a soldier (and this is not according to the law) and to deprive his wife of her husband. Although the man should have taken the tailor’s son instead, his (the tailor’s) parents bribed the mayor. Or a completely innocent person, namely a non-commissioned officer, was whipped, and, moreover, for a mistake they were also forced to pay a fine. This is the image of a county town.
And the top of this city, which should be an example to follow, consists of bribe takers. For example, the mayor. He is the most important among the officials. Mayor bribe taker and swindler. And also a stupid, low, arrogant and vain person. He has only one desire to clean up everything that his eyes see. By the end of the comedy, he has become more susceptible to deception, and he, who was previously not easy to deceive, becomes possible.
Judge Lyapkin - Tyapkin is also a bribe-taker, but he takes bribes with greyhounds. He is a freethinker, very significant, a rogue and an atheist.
In N.V. Gogol’s comedy “The Inspector General,” the district town is the prototype of any other city. Gogol was dissatisfied with the authorities for their injustice towards the people and non-compliance with the laws, as well as their endless bribes, and created a parody of a modern county town.
Therefore, N.V. Gogol’s comedy “The Inspector General” is a parody of a modern provincial town.

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In Gogol's comedy there is no name of the district town in which the events take place. By this the writer wanted to show that such a position of power, officials,

The order in the city was typical for most cities of that time. Describe the city to which the auditor came: its location relative to the capital, the border, how comfortable the city is, what problems the author draws our attention to. (D.1)
Why did the mayor believe that the young man, greedily looking at what the hotel visitors eat and not paying money for housing and food for two weeks, is the auditor? (D.1)
Khlestakov can’t decide with whom to flirt: with the mayor’s wife Anna Andreevna or his daughter Marya Antonovna. But how did the heroines themselves react to the “auditor” Khlestakov? (D.4)
How did each of the officials behave when they visited Khlestakov in the mayor’s house with petitions and gifts of money?
Officials, reflecting on Khlestakov’s rank, assume that “a general will not hold a candle to him! And when he is a general, then perhaps he is a generalissimo himself.” Meanwhile, out of fear of an “important” person, they did not notice that Khlestakov himself let slip about his true rank: “They even wanted to make him a collegiate assessor, but yes, I think why.” That is, the rank young man was even lower than that. What was the actual rank of Khlestakov? (D.2)
Once again, carefully re-read the “Silent Scene” at the end of the comedy. What is its significance in your opinion?
This official is a passionate hunter. Even in the institution under his jurisdiction there is “a hunting arapnik right above the cabinet with papers.” Name the hero, what does he manage in the city? (D.1)
It was this hero who began to report to the “auditor” Khlestakov about how things really were in city institutions when he visited him in the mayor’s house along with other officials. Name it. (D.4)
One of the employees of this institution has such a violent temper that he is ready not only to smash furniture, but to lose his life - “for science.” Name the institution and the official who runs it. (D.1)
This hero asked Khlestakov: “When you go to St. Petersburg, tell all the different nobles there: senators and admirals, that your Excellency or Excellency lives in such and such a city:.” Who wanted to inform all the capital's nobles about themselves? (D.4)

3. What causes laughter in behavior and speech characters(using the example of the mayor, Ammos Fedorovich, the postmaster, Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky)?

4. In “Notes for Gentlemen Actors,” Gogol characterizes the mayor as “a very intelligent person in his own way.” Is it possible to draw such a conclusion based on the first act of the comedy?

5. How does the mayor’s speech change when he addresses the quarterly and private bailiff? Why?

6. Prepare a written or oral communication on the topic “What kind of order reigns in the county town”?

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A short essay-discussion on literature on the topic: District town in Gogol’s play “The Inspector General”. The city and its inhabitants. Image of the city N

City N in the comedy “The Inspector General” occupies far from the last place. It's universal collective image county town of that time. Gogol combined in him all those vicious and annoying traits that can easily be found in any provincial town in Russia to this day: nepotism, embezzlement, bribery, ignorance, hypocrisy, etc. It is precisely such a place that serves as an ideal haven for Khlestakovism.

Where is the district town N in the comedy “The Inspector General”? Gogol even determined where the fictional abode of vices could be located. It is located somewhere in the Volga region between Penza and Saratov. We learn this by reading about Khlestakov’s return to his native place: he is traveling from St. Petersburg through Penza to the Saratov province.

District town N is a small, quiet town: “I like the town here. Of course, it’s not that crowded – so what? After all, this is not the capital.” Maybe that’s why it was so easy to hide the lawlessness and arbitrariness of officials there, who were very frightened by the arrival of the auditor. Because they don’t keep order, these places are dirty and littered: “Oh, my God! I forgot that near that fence there were forty carts of all sorts of rubbish piled up. What a nasty city this is!”

Looking together with careless officials into all the hidden corners of the city, we understand that they have something to fear: if the auditor sees such desolation, they will all have a hard time. For example, in a city prison, prisoners are not fed at all, and law enforcement officers are no different from those they are persecuting. We remember the story of the widow of a non-commissioned officer who was flogged just like that: “... Take it out, holy saints! In these two weeks the non-commissioned officer's wife was flogged! The prisoners were not given provisions! There's a tavern on the streets, it's unclean! Disgrace! Blame!..”

The city also has government institutions: a school, a hospital, a court, etc. But none of this really works, since officials do not fulfill their duties in relation to the objects entrusted to them. Therefore, life in this place is not sweet for everyone, because, as you know, the fish rots from the head: following the officials, the entire city of N has degraded and sank. It is dirty and uncomfortable, bribery, theft and deception reign everywhere, and people have nothing to hope for, so just as the city rulers don’t need any trial or investigation to trample on any disobedient citizen.

In the image of the city of N, I think, Gogol wanted to depict not only the morals and customs of the outback, but also the whole of Russia, ruined and disgraced by dishonest officials, terribly unsettled and ignorant. However, the author, as a deeply religious person, still gave us hope for the correction of this biblical Sodom: a real auditor has finally come.

Interesting? Save it on your wall!

City N and its inhabitants.

One of the most expressive, impressive images of Gogol’s comedy “The Inspector General” is certainly the image of the city N.

The reader gets to know him almost from the first pages famous work. From the dialogue of those frightened by the imminent arrival of an official, a small provincial town appears in all its glory: Ivan Kuzmich Shpekin, the local postmaster, who opens other people’s correspondence without any remorse and reads it with pleasure, seems to blow up the city authorities with his news.

We can safely say that in small work Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol manages to brilliantly show all layers of society: the people, the merchants, the bureaucrats. “The Inspector General” reflects the main areas of life: trade, social, spiritual.

From the very first pages of the play we learn about the dirt that has not been removed from the city streets for many years. Special attention is given to a huge puddle on central square, through which in bad weather it is impossible to pass. However, the Mayor is convinced that the deplorable state of the city is not his fault, but that the same townspeople are to blame. “What a nasty city this is! Just put up some kind of monument somewhere or just a fence - God knows where they’ll come from and they’ll do all sorts of crap!”

It turns out that officials had previously highlighted these shortcomings, but did not consider it necessary to put everything listed above in order. They suddenly begin to care about the comfort of the townspeople only after the news of the arrival of the auditor.

And what morals reign in this amazing town! People. who represent the state, turn the lives of city residents into survival rather.

The reader learns with horror about the order in the local hospital. Here, sick people walk around in scary gray caps, and few people actually think about curing them. As Strawberry puts it, “...the closer to nature, the better - we don’t use expensive medicines. The man is simple: if he dies, he will die anyway; if he recovers, then he will recover.”

The teaching also amazes with the “flight of imagination”. One of the teachers “makes scary faces,” another talks with such inspiration about things that have happened “for a long time.” days gone by“that his students are simply afraid of him: “He is a learned head - this is obvious, and he has picked up a ton of information, but he only explains with such fervor that he does not remember himself. I listened to him once: well, for now I talked about the Assyrians and Babylonians - nothing yet, but when I got to Alexander the Great, I cannot tell you what happened to him. I thought it was a fire, by God! He ran away from the pulpit and slammed his chair on the floor with all his might. Of course, Alexander the Great is a hero, but why break the chairs? This is a loss to the treasury."

What is justice like? Law and order certainly reign here! However, from the wishes expressed by the Governor, the reader can learn that here, too, things are far from best picture. Bribery, condoning illegal actions - all this does not decorate the city of N.

I even feel sorry for the inhabitants of this town, but they, in my opinion, are so accustomed to this way of life that they cannot imagine their existence without such wonderful “little things” as bribery, flattery, laziness, stupidity of the commanding officials...

Gogol wrote this work in the first half of the 19th century, but how recognizable some of its scenes are now! Russia is certainly changing for the better, but some features of city life, it seems to me, are far from being corrected...

The people depicted by Gogol in the comedy “The Inspector General” with amazingly unprincipled views and ignorance of any reader amaze and seem completely fictitious. But in fact, these are not random images. These are faces typical of the Russian province of the thirties XIX century, which can be found even in historical documents.

In his comedy, Gogol touches on several very important issues public. This is the attitude of officials to their duties and the implementation of the law. Oddly enough, the meaning of comedy is also relevant in modern realities.

The history of writing "The Inspector General"

Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol describes in his works rather exaggerated images of Russian reality of that time. At the moment the idea of ​​a new comedy appeared, the writer was actively working on the poem “Dead Souls”.

In 1835, he turned to Pushkin regarding an idea for a comedy, expressing a request for help in a letter. The poet responds to requests and tells a story when the publisher of one of the magazines in one of southern cities was mistaken for a visiting official. A similar situation, oddly enough, happened with Pushkin himself at the time when he was collecting materials to describe Pugachev's rebellion V Nizhny Novgorod. He was also mistaken for the capital's auditor. The idea seemed interesting to Gogol, and the very desire to write a comedy captured him so much that work on the play lasted only 2 months.

During October and November 1835, Gogol wrote the comedy in its entirety and a few months later read it out to other writers. Colleagues were delighted.

Gogol himself wrote that he wanted to collect everything bad that is in Russia into a single pile and laugh at it. He saw his play as a cleansing satire and a weapon in the fight against the injustice that existed in society at that time. By the way, the play based on Gogol’s works was allowed to be staged only after Zhukovsky personally made a request to the emperor.

Analysis of the work

Description of the work

The events described in the comedy “The Inspector General” take place in the first half of the 19th century, in one of the provincial towns, which Gogol simply refers to as “N”.

The mayor informs all city officials that he has received news of the arrival of the capital's auditor. Officials are afraid of inspections because they all take bribes, do poor work, and there is chaos in the institutions under their subordination.

Almost immediately after the news, a second one appears. They realize that a well-dressed man who looks like an auditor is staying at a local hotel. In fact, the unknown person is a minor official, Khlestakov. Young, flighty and stupid. The mayor personally showed up at his hotel to meet him and offer to move to his home, in much better conditions than the hotel. Khlestakov happily agrees. He likes this kind of hospitality. At this stage, he does not suspect that he has been mistaken for who he is.

Khlestakov is also introduced to other officials, each of whom hands him a large sum money, supposedly borrowed. They do everything so that the check is not so thorough. At this moment, Khlestakov understands who he was mistaken for and, having received a round sum, keeps silent that this is a mistake.

Afterwards, he decides to leave the city of N, having previously proposed to the daughter of the Mayor himself. Joyfully blessing the future marriage, the official rejoices at such a relationship and calmly says goodbye to Khlestakov, who is leaving the city and, naturally, is not going to return to it.

Before that main character writes a letter to his friend in St. Petersburg, in which he talks about the embarrassment that occurred. The postmaster, who opens all letters at the post office, also reads Khlestakov’s message. The deception is revealed and everyone who gave bribes learns with horror that the money will not be returned to them, and there has been no verification yet. At the same moment, a real auditor arrives in town. Officials are horrified by the news.

Comedy heroes

Ivan Aleksandrovich Khlestakov

Khlestakov's age is 23 - 24 years. Hereditary nobleman and the landowner, he is thin, thin and stupid. Acts without thinking about the consequences, has abrupt speech.

Khlestakov works as a registrar. In those days, this was the lowest-ranking official. He is rarely present at work, increasingly plays cards for money and takes walks, so his career is not moving forward. Khlestakov lives in St. Petersburg, in a modest apartment, and his parents, who live in one of the villages in the Saratov province, regularly send him money. Khlestakov does not know how to save money; he spends it on all kinds of pleasures, without denying himself anything.

He is very cowardly, loves to brag and lie. Khlestakov is not averse to hitting on women, especially pretty ones, but only stupid provincial ladies succumb to his charm.

Mayor

Anton Antonovich Skvoznik-Dmukhanovsky. An official who has grown old in the service, in his own way, is not stupid, making a completely respectable impression.

He speaks carefully and in moderation. His mood changes quickly, his facial features are hard and rough. He performs his duties poorly and is a swindler with extensive experience. The mayor makes money wherever possible, and is in good standing among the same bribe-takers.

He is greedy and insatiable. He steals money, including from the treasury, and unprincipledly violates all laws. He doesn’t even shun blackmail. A master of promises and an even greater master of keeping them.

The mayor dreams of being a general. Despite the mass of his sins, he attends church weekly. A passionate card player, he loves his wife and treats her very tenderly. He also has a daughter, who at the end of the comedy, with his blessing, becomes the bride of the nosy Khlestakov.

Postmaster Ivan Kuzmich Shpekin

It is this character, responsible for sending letters, who opens Khlestakov’s letter and discovers the deception. However, he opens letters and parcels on a regular basis. He does this not out of precaution, but solely out of curiosity and own collection interesting stories.

Sometimes he doesn’t just read letters that he particularly likes, Shpekin keeps them for himself. In addition to forwarding letters, his duties include managing postal stations, caretakers, horses, etc. But this is not what he does. He does almost nothing at all and therefore the local post office works extremely poorly.

Anna Andreevna Skvoznik-Dmukhanovskaya

Mayor's wife. A provincial coquette whose soul is inspired by novels. She is curious, vain, loves to get the better of her husband, but in reality this only happens in small things.

An appetizing and attractive lady, impatient, stupid and capable of talking only about trifles and the weather. At the same time, he loves to chat incessantly. She is arrogant and dreams of a luxurious life in St. Petersburg. The mother is not important because she competes with her daughter and boasts that Khlestakov paid more attention to her than to Marya. One of the entertainments for the Governor's wife is fortune-telling on cards.

The mayor's daughter is 18 years old. Attractive in appearance, cutesy and flirtatious. She is very flighty. It is she who, at the end of the comedy, becomes Khlestakov’s abandoned bride.

Composition and plot analysis

The basis of Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol’s play “The Inspector General” is an everyday joke, which was quite common in those days. All the comedy images are exaggerated and, at the same time, believable. The play is interesting because all its characters are interconnected and each of them, in fact, acts as a hero.

The plot of the comedy is the arrival of the inspector expected by the officials and their haste in drawing conclusions, because of which Khlestakov is recognized as the inspector.

What is interesting about the composition of comedy is the absence love affair And love line, as such. Here vices are simply ridiculed, which, according to the classical literary genre receive punishment. Partly they are already orders for the frivolous Khlestakov, but the reader understands at the end of the play that even greater punishment awaits them ahead, with the arrival of a real inspector from St. Petersburg.

Through simple comedy with exaggerated images, Gogol teaches his reader honesty, kindness and responsibility. The fact that you need to respect your own service and comply with the laws. Through the images of heroes, each reader can see his own shortcomings, if among them are stupidity, greed, hypocrisy and selfishness.

28. Topic: THE IMAGE OF THE CITY AND THE THEME OF OFFICIALS IN N. V. GOGOL’S COMEDY “THE AUDITOR”

Lesson objectives:

· educational: analyze how the district town of Russia was seen in the first half of the 19th century, its inhabitants and officials, determine the role of the district town in the history of Russia, correlate life basis the play "The Inspector General" and its general meaning in the depiction of officials;

· developing: practice analysis skills dramatic work, develop the ability to select quotes, develop the communicative competence of students, develop the ability to independently work with historical material and literary text;

· educational: to educate a thoughtful viewer, reader, to form a sustainable moral position, to form aesthetic perception through literature.

Lesson type: lesson on analysis of a work of art.

Lesson format: lesson-travel.

Methods and techniques: partially search (teacher’s word, heuristic conversation with subsequent conclusion, work on the text - selection of quotes illustrating statements, vocabulary work).

Forms of work: frontal, group, individual.

Equipment: presentation “District town in the comedy “The Inspector General”

In “The Inspector General” I decided to put together everything bad in Russia that I knew then...

LESSON PROGRESS:

1. Organizational moment

2. Teacher's opening speech. Introducing the topic and objectives of the lesson

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So, let's go!

3. Lexical meaning of the phrase “county town”

Gogol city N is a district town. First, let's find out what a “county town” is.

(County- the lowest administrative, judicial and financial unit in Russian Empire, as well as in the RSFSR in the first years after October Revolution. As a result of administrative reform in 1927, counties were transformed into districts. Included the city and the volosts attached to it. Ruled by the princely governor, and with early XVII century - voivode, who performed military, administrative and judicial functions).

4. Geographical location

We found out what the county town is to which we are about to travel. Now we need to determine where this city is located. Russia is so big, where exactly should we go?

(The town is located far from the capital, in the depths of Russia. Khlestakov travels from St. Petersburg to the Saratov province through Penza, the second month from St. Petersburg).

The city has no name. Why?

(An unnamed city in some imaginary, symbolic center of the state. The location is “everywhere - nowhere.” “Yes, even if you jump for 3 years ... you won’t get to any state,” says Gorodnichy. The city is conventional, faceless. But the social model of the city life is given in detail).

5. Hotel and tavern

So we arrived in the city. Where will we stay? That's right, at the hotel. Let's see how the city hotel looks.

(Room under the stairs, bedbugs and a two-course meal).

6. City streets

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So the first institution is

CHARITY INSTITUTIONS (Hospital) ,

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– Describe Artemy Filippovich Strawberry, using the statements of Strawberry himself.

Artemy Filippovich Strawberry- trustee of charitable institutions. He, speaking modern language, responsible for hospitals, shelters. Funds are stolen, he himself admits: “They ordered to give habersup to the sick, but I have such cabbage running through all the corridors that you just have to take care of your nose.” His patients “all get better like flies.” Hospitals are dirty. “Make sure everything is decent: the caps are clean, and the sick don’t look like blacksmiths,” “they smoke such strong tobacco that you always sneeze when you walk in.” Dr. Gibner “doesn’t know a word of Russian, but he “heals” people. Strawberry admits: “We don’t use expensive medicines. The man is simple: if he dies, he will die anyway; If he gets well, he’ll get well.” Strawberry is given instructions to put clean caps on the sick, “to write over each bed in Latin or some other language... any illness, when someone got sick, what day or date.”

Fine. Important government agency- This

PUBLIC PLACES (Court).

Let's go there.

– Who runs the court? (Ammos Fedorovich Tyapkin-Lyapkin). Let's characterize it.

Ammos Fedorovich Lyapkin-Tyapkin- judge. The mayor calls him smart person, because he read five or six books. The mayor’s remarks about the public places: “In your front hall, where petitioners usually come, the guards have kept domestic geese with little goslings that are scurrying around under your feet.” “You have all sorts of rubbish being dried in your very presence, and right next to the cupboard with papers there is a hunting rag... He (the assessor) smells as if he had just come out of a distillery.” Confession of Ammos Fedorovich “I tell everyone openly that I take bribes, but with what bribes? Greyhound puppies” suggests that a bribe is the norm for city officials, only everyone takes what they need. The judge does not understand anything about his work: “I’ve been sitting on the judge’s chair for fifteen years, but when I look at the memorandum - ah! I’ll just wave my hand. Solomon himself will not decide what is true and what is not true in it.” Strawberry informs on Lyapkin-Tyapkin: “The judge... only goes after hares...” The assessor “smells as if he just came out of a distillery.”

One of the tasks of the state is to provide the population with education. Let's go to

EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION (District School).

https://pandia.ru/text/77/494/images/image009_4.gif" alt=" Signature: Slide 8" align="left" width="80" height="32 src=">Кто заведует почтой города N? (Иван Кузьмич Шпекин) Как он выполняет свои обязанности.!}

- postmaster. He “does absolutely nothing: everything is in great disrepair: parcels are delayed...”. The postmaster does not even hide the fact that he opens and reads letters; he does not see this as a crime. He does this “out of curiosity: I love death to find out what’s new in the world. Let me tell you, this is a very interesting read. You will read another letter with pleasure...” He keeps interesting letters for himself. This is not only a pleasant pastime, it is also the fulfillment of the instructions of the mayor, who advises reading the letters. “Listen, Ivan Kuzmich, could you, for our common benefit, print out every letter that arrives at your post office, incoming and outgoing, you know, a little bit and read it: does it contain some kind of report or just correspondence... "

What other government agency in the city of N have we not described? That's right, that's

POLICE DEPARTMENT.

Each county town had a police department. It was supposed to ensure order in the city. What did the N city police do?

Police. We learn that policeman Prokhorov is dead drunk and sleeping at the station. The playbill lists the plays names of three police officers: Derzhimorda, Svistunov, Pugovitsyn. The very names themselves tell how they restore order in the city. The mayor gives orders regarding Pugovitsyn: “Quarterly Pugovitsyn...he tall, so let it stand on the bridge for improvement.” Regarding Derzhimorda, he remarks to the private bailiff: “Yes, tell Derzhimorda not to give too much free rein to his fists; For the sake of order, he puts lights under everyone’s eyes: both the right and the wrong.” Next, Derzhimorda stands at the door of the “auditor” Khlestakov and does not let the townspeople in to see him. The town's police are completely subordinate to the mayor and, it seems, act not according to the laws of the state, but at the whim of the main official of the city.

The soldiers are also subordinate to the mayor and the police. What do they look like? “Don’t let the soldiers out without everything: this crappy garnish will only put on a uniform over the shirt, and nothing underneath.” So, it was as if we had visited many corners of the city N and met the officials of this city - the people who are responsible for the improvement of the city and the smooth functioning of all organizations.

All these institutions were subordinate to the head of the city, as they said in the 19th century, the mayor. Skvoznik-Dmukhanovsky is an interesting personality. But we'll talk about it in the next lesson.

https://pandia.ru/text/77/494/images/image012_4.gif" alt=" Signature: Slide 11" align="left" width="85" height="33 src=">– Какие еще стороны российской действительности представлены в комедии? (Помещики, купцы, мещане).!}

Even merchants have a hard life, let alone the poor people. Merchants and citizenship “We tolerate insults completely in vain...”. The merchants complain about the mayor, although together with him they steal the city treasury. “We’re completely tired of standing here, even if we get into a noose” “we always follow the order: what should be worn on the dresses of his wife and daughter.”

“He ordered my husband to shave his forehead as a soldier... According to the law, it’s impossible: he’s married.” Non-commissioned officer “Vysek” “couldn’t sit for two days”

How do people live in the county town?

9. Evidence from contemporaries (student message)

If you carefully read the comedy, you probably noticed that both Khlestakov and Gorodnichy used the same epithet in describing the city. Which? (bad). What does it mean? Choose synonyms (ugly, disgusting, disgusting, disgusting...).

How can a city exist with such blatant disgrace?

Maybe Wigel is right in his letter to Zagoskin: “The author invented some kind of Russia and some kind of city in it, into which he dumped all the abominations that occasionally appear on the surface real Russia find…"

Contemporary Nikitenko provides information about the life of district towns in his Diary. For example, he talks about the city of Ostrogozhsk, where on the streets there were more dogs, than people and who “literally drowned in the mud. Its unpaved streets became impassable: pedestrians floundered among them, as if in a mess, and ox carts got stuck.”

Bribery and arbitrariness flourished in the district cities of the Ryazan province. The authorities knew how to cleverly throw dust in the eyes of higher officials. Just as Gogol’s mayor did. The appearance of construction was immediately created in the city: vacant lots “were surrounded by beautiful fences indicating the numbers of houses that were supposedly under construction, which there was no one and no money to build... It turned out, for example, the news that at that time, along such and such a road, a high-ranking person was supposed to pass . The bridge barely held there. Entire villages flocked to repair it. The bridge was erected to perfection. A person passed by and praised him, and the bridge, following the honor bestowed upon him, immediately collapsed.”

Kazan police chief Paul tortured completely innocent people. Not only common people, but even minor officials were subjected to this fate.

The inspector, who arrived in Penza unexpectedly in the evening, ordered himself to be taken to the embankment. “Which embankment?” asked the cab driver. “Which one? Do you have a lot of them? After all, there is only one,” answered the auditor. “Yes, there is none!” - exclaimed the cabman. It turned out that on paper the embankment had been under construction for two years already and that several tens of thousands of rubles had been spent on it, but it had never even begun.

10. Generalization

For what purpose did Gogol depict such a nasty town in his comedy?

We call the city in which we live and were born our home. It is with this place that we pin our hopes for the future, so we want our city to be beautiful, clean, and cozy.

But when talking about our love for the city, we should notice not only beauty and cleanliness. They often talk about negative phenomena. And for what? (By portraying this, they want the situation to change for the better).

Only by noticing the strengths and weaknesses of our city can we make it better. That's why famous writers raised problems related to the life of small towns scattered throughout our vast homeland, explored the morals prevailing in these towns, and looked at the people living there.

They say that Gogol's comedy "The Inspector General" is immortal. Is it possible to agree with such a statement? Don't we meet in modern Russia phenomena similar to those described by Gogol? Aren't you participating in environmental landings, cleaning up hometown from garbage? Have all the people who were negligent in their duties disappeared? Do you always complete the assigned tasks yourself?

11. Final word.

But dusk had already fallen on the city. Where to go in the provinces at a time like this?

Let's follow the example of Khlestakov, who agreed to the proposal of the faithful Osip to leave here as quickly as possible, say goodbye to the town and its inhabitants, take a courier troika, straighten out the road...

Hey, you strays! - the driver will shout and in one minute he will leave behind the pavement, and the barrier, and the nasty little town, so similar to any district town in N.

12. Homework

Characterize the Mayor according to plan:

1) Appearance(“Notes for gentlemen actors”)

3) History of the mayor (biographical facts)

4) Attitude towards service

5) Meeting with the “auditor”

7) Speech characteristics