Define the title in a beautiful furious world. Essay “Analysis of story A

Analysis of the work

The title of the story is “In this beautiful and furious world“—is essential for understanding its problems. Why is Platonov’s world “beautiful” and “furious”? The word “beautiful” is associated with such concepts as joy, harmony, miracle, beauty, splendor. The word “furious” in our minds is related to such words as anger, strength, element, impulse, hatred, and so on. In Platonov, these concepts merge into a single stream, whose name is life. Isn't reality itself so contradictory? Isn't man himself so contradictory? The writer quite clearly points out in the story the existence of two elements - natural and human. You can see both the harmony of these elements and their disunity and opposition. That is why Platonov’s heroes are most often seekers, trying to determine their place in the world.

Back in the 20-30s of the 20th century, many critics spoke about Platonov’s strange heroes, about the unpredictable endings of his stories, about the logic of the image that was understandable to him alone. But even his most malicious detractors could not help but recognize the power of his talent, freedom of language, and incredible density of storytelling. Very often the writer asked questions about man’s place in the world, about his loneliness among people. He paid close attention to the feeling of emptiness, orphanhood, and uselessness that haunts a person. These feelings live in almost every hero of Platonov. So is the driver Maltsev.

Alexander Vasilyevich Maltsev had a remarkable talent - no one could feel the machines better than him, could not identify problems in the work at one glance, could not perceive the world so comprehensively, notice the smallest details. That is why his appointment to the newest and most powerful train in the depot, the IS, was quite expected. This car became his brainchild. During the trip, he seemed to merge with the locomotive, felt the beating of “its steam heart”, understood the slightest sound. Passionate about his work, he became like an inspired actor. But how often did the narrator, Maltsev’s assistant Kostya, notice an incomprehensible sadness in his gaze. And this was nothing more than a feeling of loneliness pouring out. Much later Kostya will understand this melancholy. The driver's talent doomed Maltsev to loneliness, raised him above everyone and forced him to look down on him. Maltsev practically did not pay attention to his new assistant, and even a year later he treated him the same way as he treated an oiler. He devoted himself entirely to work, dissolved in the car and in surrounding nature. Little sparrow, caught in the air stream from the locomotive, did not go unnoticed. Maltsev turned his head slightly to trace his further fate. It seemed to him that only he was able to absorb so much, to know so much. The strength of his talent, sadly enough, alienated him from the rest of the world of people; among his own kind, he felt lonely. Loss and emptiness reigned in his soul. This feeling of so-called orphanhood is characteristic of almost all of Platonov’s characters. With the help of this characterization of the hero, the writer was able to draw broader conclusions. From the fate of one person he moved to the fate of millions. His idea of ​​the loss of man in the era of revolutions and political upheavals runs through all his works.

And really sad later life Maltsev, condemned by the people: he was excommunicated from the work to which he gave all of himself, to which his soul was drawn. Using the example of Maltsev, we see how the fate of a person deprived of spiritual fullness is built.

The image of Kostya’s assistant is also important in the story. This is a sensitive, observant person, no less attentive to detail than his teacher. He may have been less talented, but his diligence and diligence helped him greatly. Soon after Maltsev’s resignation, he himself successfully passed the machinist exams. Yes, indeed, Kostya is not so endowed with the gift of feeling the mechanism, but he is more attentive to the people around him. This can be considered his talent. He was able to discern, almost in passing, a secret sadness in the gaze of his teacher, but he did not stop there, he was looking for the “truth,” the answer to this melancholy. And he will find her, but only a little later. This is a person who is not deaf to the grief of others. It is he who brings back to life the lost Maltsev, blind and useless to anyone. Every time, getting ready to go, he saw his teacher on the bench, leaning on a cane. Maltsev responded to all words of consolation with the invariable “Get out!” Even in his grief, in his helplessness, he is afraid to let a living person, a feeling soul, approach him. He still doesn’t believe that there is anyone in the world who could understand him. And an inexpressible melancholy reigned in his soul. He tried to somehow cling to that frantic pace of life again, to return at least part of his past. He came aimlessly to the depot and greedily caught the sounds of the railway; he turned his head to where he heard the powerful movement of the locomotive.

Proud in his loneliness, he nevertheless obeys Kostya, who once offered to go with him. Instead of the usual “Get out!” he said, “Okay. I will be humble. Give me something in my hands, let me hold the reverse: I won’t turn it.

- You won’t twist it! - I confirmed. - If you twist it, I’ll give you a piece of coal in your hands and I won’t take it to the locomotive again.

The blind man remained silent; he wanted to be on the locomotive again so much that he humbled himself in front of me.”

And now Maltsev again feels the breath of the oncoming wind, feels the power of a mechanical giant at hand. What is he experiencing at this moment? Delight! Joy! Delight! This storm of feelings brings him back to life: he begins to see clearly. But Kostya doesn’t leave him here either. Having escorted him home, he cannot leave for a long time. Feeling an almost paternal affection for this man, he is afraid to leave him alone with the beautiful and furious world.

He feels his helplessness in front of the world, his naivety and simplicity behind the mask of arrogance. A brilliant machinist, Maltsev noticed the beauty of nature, enjoyed harmony, moving away from the human world. And the cruel world punished him for this.

Platonov masterfully creates a contrast between these two worlds. This is especially evident in the scenes of the locomotive struggling with the elements. “We were now walking towards a powerful cloud that appeared over the horizon. From our side, the cloud was illuminated by the sun, and from inside it was torn by fierce, irritated lightning, and we saw how swords of lightning pierced vertically into the silent distant land, and we rushed madly towards that distant land, as if rushing to its defense.” Maltsev and the machine are fighting the forces of nature. Platonov saturates the text with vivid metaphors and epithets. The locomotive itself becomes like a mythical deity. And what is the outcome of this struggle? Ultimately, nature comes back to harmony: “We smelled damp earth, the fragrance of herbs and bread, saturated with rain and thunderstorms, and rushed forward, catching up with time.” But what happens to a person? Blinded by lightning, Maltsev loses his sight. Many researchers often talk about two lightning bolts. The first of them, so strong and grandiose, deprived a person of his sight, but not for long. But the second - artificial - deprives Maltsev of his ability to see for a long time.

The time when the story “In a Beautiful and Furious World” (“Machinist Maltsev”) (1938) was written was turbulent: the country was living with a premonition of war. Literature had to answer the question of what forces the people have to repel the military threat. A. Platonov gave the following answer in his story: “the key to victory is the soul of the people.” The plot was based on twists and turns life path locomotive driver Maltsev. During a thunderstorm, this man lost his sight from a lightning strike and, without noticing it, almost caused the train he was driving to crash. After this, the driver’s vision returned. Unable to explain anything, Maltsev was convicted and went to prison. Maltsev's assistant suggested that the investigator simulate a lightning strike in laboratory conditions. The investigator did just that. The driver's innocence was proven. However, after the experience, Maltsev again lost his sight completely, as he thought. At the end of the story, fate smiled on the hero: he regains his sight.

The work is not so much about trials, but about how people overcome these trials. Maltsev is a man of high romantic spirit. He considers his work a majestic calling, a work of human happiness. The hero of A. Platonov is a poet of his profession. The locomotive under his control turns into a semblance of the finest musical instrument, obedient to the will of the artist. A beautiful and furious world surrounds Maltsev. But the world of this man’s soul is just as beautiful and furious.

Anyone can lose physical vision. But not everyone will be able to remain sighted in this grief. Maltsev’s “spiritual vision” did not disappear for a moment. It seems that his recovery at the end of the story is a legitimate reward for the victorious man.

But despite the fact that the story has the subtitle “Machinist Maltsev,” A. Platonov reveals other human stories. The fate of the narrator is interesting. This is a novice railway worker, an assistant driver. He witnessed the drama when Maltsev lost his sight on the way. He, the narrator, had to save this man: the assistant driver talks with the investigator, watching with pain how Maltsev suffers, deprived of the opportunity to do what he loves. The narrator finds himself next to Maltsev at the moment when the driver’s vision returned.

The writer's skill is manifested in the depiction of circumstances, in the ability to show the spiritual evolution of the hero's consciousness. The narrator admits: “I was not Maltsev’s friend, and he always treated me without attention or care.” But this phrase is difficult to believe: the narrator simply cannot overcome modesty and speak out loud about the tenderness of his soul. Final words The story reveals the whole beautiful and furious world of the soul that both Maltsev and the narrator live in. When it became clear that Maltsev had regained his sight, “...he turned his face to me and began to cry. I approached him and kissed him back: “Drive the car to the end, Alexander Vasilyevich: now you see the whole world!” " Having said “the whole world! “, the narrator seemed to include Maltsev’s spiritual beauty in the concept of “light”: the driver defeated not only external circumstances, but also his internal doubts.

Lesson objectives:

– disclosure moral position A. Platonov based on the analysis of the story;

– affirmation of the need for high spiritual ideals, such as love for one’s neighbor,

mercy, sense of responsibility, sacrifice;

– developing skills in working with text, public speaking, the ability to formulate and defend one’s point of view.

Equipment:

– computer class (computers, if possible, according to the number of students for conducting an electronic test, Appendix No. 1).

Homework from last lesson: use the textbook to get acquainted with the biography of the writer, attentively read the story “In a Beautiful and Furious World”, individual assignments students: prepare a detailed answer to one of the questions “What helped A. Maltsev restore his vision?”, “How do you understand A. Platonov’s expression: We need to treat people like a father?”

Working methods: creating a problem situation, analytical conversation, working with text.

Today in class we move on to studying the next section: works of Russian writers of the 20th century. And Andrei Platonovich Platonov opens it. We continue to study his work.

III. Checking homework.

Let's see how attentive you were when reading the work, how well you know the content of the text. Time -10 min.( Appendix No. 1) (Speak out the test results)

A.P. Platonov is one of those writers about whom they say: “The writer of the future: not appreciated in his time, he comes to us, and we come to him.” ( Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide number 1).

It is not easy to comprehend the works of this author, since his style is unusual and complex, and the problems of his work are philosophically and morally deep. Let's try to penetrate these depths. Today, based on an analysis of the story “In a Beautiful and Furious World, we will try to determine the moral “Formula of Life” by A. Platonov: what is the most necessary component human life, human happiness according to Platonov. ( Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide No. 2,3). Design of notebooks: recording the topic, designing the table.

In the autobiography of A.P. Platonov admitted: “In addition to the field, the village, my mother and the ringing of bells, I also loved steam locomotives, a car, a singing whistle and sweaty work. Even then, as a child, I realized that everything is done, and will not be born on its own.” ( Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide number 4).

– Find lines in the story that echo these thoughts of the writer and read them.

– How do you understand the words: “...everything is done, and not just born”?

– One of the main characters in the story is A.V. Maltsev. What kind of worker was this?

– What was work for him? ( The meaning of life, happiness)

– Let’s make the first conclusion: one of the components of the “formula of life” according to Platonov is labor, work, favorite work that justifies life, mastery in the profession. Labor is the moral content of human life. Let's create a table. ( Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide number 5).

– So, according to the plot of the story, Maltsev ends up in prison. For what?

- Case closed. But why does Kostya write to the investigator and ask to review the case?

– At the end of the fourth chapter, the narrator says: “But I wanted to protect him from the grief of fate. I decided not to give up because I felt something like that in myself, I felt that I was special as a person. And I became embittered and decided to resist, not yet knowing how to do it.” When and why did the hero come to this conclusion?

– The story has a dilemma: to be sighted, but in prison, or blind, but free. This is where the rage of the world manifests itself, as Platonov understands it.

– Why does the narrator feel guilty before Maltsev?

– How does his last act towards Maltsev characterize the narrator?( This is a person in whose soul there lives a sense of responsibility for those people who, by the will of fate, were nearby).

– Let’s draw a second conclusion: the next component of Platonov’s “formula of life” is a sense of responsibility for others, for everything in the world. Let's create a table. ( Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide number 6).

– What do you think helped Maltsev restore his vision? (answers are individual homework of several students, as well as additions from classmates).

– Let’s add to our table: what else is the component of Platonov’s “formula of life” that we heard in the last answers of our classmates? (Love. Willingness to love, to give oneself to others. Mercy). ( Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide number 7).

– Let’s pay attention to the epigraph to the work, let’s see how it is connected to the story. ( Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide number 8). “You have to treat people like a father.” What does this expression mean? (answers are individual homework of several students, as well as additions from classmates).

Let's read the last paragraph of the story. How is the epigraph related to the story?

– What is the name of the story?

– Discuss the questions with your desk neighbor and formulate a single answer:

*In Platonov’s opinion, what is the “rage” of the world?

*Why is this world so beautiful then? ( Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide number 9).

– Yes, a person must be ready to fight the cruel, “furious world” so that he becomes beautiful and kind.

Let us conclude: what constitutes Platonov’s moral “formula of life” based on the story “In a Beautiful and Furious World?” According to the table. (Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide number 10)

(Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide number 11):

based on the story “Cow” by A. Platonov:

• draw an illustration for the work;
• prepare a condensed retelling of the work;
• write a detailed answer to the question: “Why is the story called “Cow”?
• write a review of the story (see page 21 of the textbook).

The original title of the story was “Machinist Maltsev.” Under this title, it was published in an abbreviated form in the second issue of the magazine “30 Days” for 1941, and in the third issue of the magazine “Friendly Guys” for 1941 under the title “Imaginary Light.” The story was written in 1938.

The work reflects the experience of the writer, who in 1915-1917. worked as an assistant driver in the vicinity of Voronezh, and his father was a mechanic and assistant driver.

Literary direction and genre

In some editions, “In a Beautiful and Furious World” is printed with the subtitle “ Fantastic story" Indeed, double blinding by lightning and double restoration of vision do not have scientific evidence. And it is completely unknown how lightning and the electromagnetic wave preceding it affect the vision of individual people. It doesn’t even matter to the reader whether this electromagnetic wave exists at all.

All these physical and biological explanations for the blinding of driver Maltsev and his miraculous healing are truly fantastic, but on the whole the story is realistic. The main thing in it is not fantastic elements, and the characters of the narrator and driver Maltsev, shown in development.

Topics and problems

The theme of the story is the loneliness of the master. The main idea is that talent often leads to pride, which makes a person blind. To see the world, you need to open your heart to it.

The work raises the problem of exaltation and sympathy, loneliness, the problem of the justice of man's punishment of man, the problem of guilt and responsibility.

Plot and composition

The short story consists of 5 parts. The narrative is dynamic and spans two years. The narrator becomes an assistant to driver Maltsev on the new locomotive and works with him for about a year. The second chapter is dedicated to that very trip, during which the driver went blind and almost drove into the tail of a freight train. The third chapter describes the trial of Maltsev and his accusation.

The fourth part tells about events taking place six months later, in winter. The narrator finds a way to prove Maltsev's innocence, but artificial lightning causes irreversible blindness to the prisoner. The narrator is looking for ways to help the blind man.

The fifth part tells about the events that happened six months later, in the summer. The narrator himself becomes a driver and takes a blind driver with him on the road. The narrator controls the car by placing his hands on the hands of the blind driver. At some point, the blind man was able to see the yellow signal, and then became sighted.

Each part of the story records an episode from the story of Maltsev: an ordinary trip - a fateful trip - a trial - an experiment with lightning and liberation - healing.

The title of the story is related to last words a narrator who wants to protect Maltsev from the hostile forces of a beautiful and furious world.

Heroes and images

The image of a beautiful world hostile to a person- the main one in the story. The story has two main characters: the driver Alexander Vasilyevich Maltsev and the narrator, whom Maltsev calls Kostya. The narrator and Maltsev are not particularly friendly. The story is the story of their relationship, rapprochement, finding a friend in trouble.

Machinist Maltsev - a true master of your business. Already at the age of 30, he was qualified as a first-class driver, and it was he who was appointed driver of the new powerful IS machine. The narrator admires the work of his driver, who drives the locomotive “with the confidence of a great master, with the concentration of an inspired artist.” The main feature that the narrator notices in Maltsev is indifference to the people working with him, a certain aloofness. One of Maltsev’s features upsets the narrator: the driver double-checks all the work of his assistant, as if he does not trust him. While working, Maltsev does not speak, but only knocks on the boiler with a key, giving silent instructions.

Over time, the narrator realized that the reason for Maltsev’s behavior was a sense of superiority: the driver believed that he understood the locomotive better and loved it more. This pride, a mortal sin, may have been the cause of his trials. Although no one really could understand Maltsev’s talent, how to surpass him in skill.

Maltsev did not see the lightning, but, having gone blind, he did not understand it. His skill was so great that he drove the car blindly, seeing with his inner vision, imagining the entire familiar path, but, of course, not being able to see the red signal, which seemed green to him.

After leaving prison, blind Maltsev cannot get used to his new situation, although he does not live in poverty, receiving a pension. He humbles himself before the narrator, who offers him a ride on his locomotive. Perhaps it was this humility that marked the beginning of Maltsev’s recovery, who managed to trust the narrator. His inner world opened up outward, he cried and saw “the whole world.” Not only the material world, but also the world of other people.

The narrator is a man who loves his job, just like Maltsev. Even the contemplation of a good car evokes inspiration in him, a joy comparable to reading Pushkin’s poems in childhood.

It is important for the narrator good attitude. He is an attentive and diligent person. It contains an amazing and rare ability to sympathize and protect. This trait of the narrator, like his profession, is autobiographical.

For example, the narrator imagines that the locomotive is rushing to protect distant lands. Likewise, concern for Maltsev prompts the narrator to seek justice in court, to meet with the investigator in order to acquit the innocent Maltsev.

The narrator is a straightforward and truthful person. He does not hide the fact that he is offended by Maltsev, he directly tells him that prison cannot be avoided. Still, the narrator decides to help Maltsev “in order to protect him from the grief of fate”, from “fatal forces that accidentally and indifferently destroy a person.”

The narrator does not consider himself to blame for Maltsev’s secondary blindness; he is friendly, despite the fact that Maltsev does not want to forgive him or talk with him. After Maltsev’s miraculous healing, the narrator wants to protect him like his own son.

Another hero of the story is a fair investigator who conducted an experiment with artificial lightning and is tormented by remorse because he proved “the innocence of a person through his misfortune.”

Stylistic features

Since the story is written in the first person, and the narrator Kostya, although he loves Pushkin. A technical person, Platonov rarely uses his specific, strangely metaphorical language. This language breaks through only at moments that are especially important for the author, for example, when the author explains in the words of the driver that the driver Maltsev has absorbed the entire external world into his inner experience, thus gaining power over it.

The story is replete with professional vocabulary related to the work of a steam locomotive. Obviously, even in Platonov’s time, few people understood the details of the operation of a steam locomotive, and today, when there are no steam locomotives, these details are generally incomprehensible. But professionalism does not interfere with reading and understanding the story. Probably, every reader imagines something different when he reads that Maltsev gave “reverse to full cutoff.” It is important that the Machinist did his difficult job well.

Details are important in a story. One of them is Maltsev’s look and eyes. When he drives a car, his eyes look “abstractly, as if empty.” When Maltsev pokes his head out, looking at the world around us, his eyes sparkle with enthusiasm. The driver's blind eyes become empty and calm again.

Platonov - Soviet writer. His stories are interesting, they are captivating because they very often describe events from life. They are autobiographical, telling us about the fate of the writer himself. In his works, the author tries to understand man, to find his place in this simultaneously beautiful and furious world. Such a story by Platonov is story of the same name In a beautiful and furious world. By this work that's what we have to do.

Platonov wrote his story in 1937, in it he used a lot of information taken from life, because in the story the author describes the events that happened on railway with the train driver. The writer knew this profession well, since he himself was on a steam locomotive and worked as an assistant.

So, Platonov in the story In a Beautiful and Furious World tells about Maltsev, a driver from God, since he did not just drive the train, he felt it and was the best. Maltsev was completely dedicated to his work, always drove the car confidently and aroused admiration for this. He studied all the railway tracks so well that even during the emergency he did not stop. This happened during a rainstorm with a thunderstorm. Lightning blinded Maltsev, and he continued to drive the car, not understanding that he could not see, because all the pictures of the world around him appeared in his head. But they were only in his head, so he did not see the warning lights. This almost led to an accident, but the assistant was able to react in time, saving hundreds of people.

Alexander Maltsev was tried and arrested, but Kostya managed to achieve an experiment that proved Alexander’s innocence. Only during the experiment the hero of the work becomes completely blind. This became a tragedy for him, because for him work was the meaning of life. And only a year later, when the assistant passed the exams and began driving the train himself, he managed to bring Maltsev back to life. Kostya invites Maltsev to go together and even promises to give up the driver’s seat to blind Alexander. And at that very moment when Maltsev found himself on same place, his vision returned again.

After the flight, Kostya volunteered to take the former driver home, wanting to protect the hero of the story from the hostile forces of such an unpredictable, violent and such a beautiful world.

The main characters of the work

Getting acquainted with Platonov's work In a Beautiful and Furious World, one can highlight such heroes as Alexander Maltsev and his assistant Kostya.

Alexander Maltsev is a master of his craft, a talented train driver who knew these machines better than anyone. This is a person who was not afraid to trust various trains, including a new locomotive, because Maltsev, like no one else, could cope with everything, even with such a powerful new type of machine. Alexander not only drives the car, he feels its heartbeat. Maltsev is devoted to his work, sees his meaning in it and is so immersed in it that he does not see surrounding reality. In my opinion, this should not be the case. Although a person must love work, work fully and be responsible at work, he must also be able to see other angles. In addition to work, we must see the beauty of the world, be able to take the best from fate and get carried away by something else, so that in case of unforeseen circumstances we can switch to something else, because life goes on. Maltsev was unable to make the switch; with the loss of his job, he grew old, and life became unpleasant.

Another hero is Kostya, who was first an assistant and then became a driver. He also loved work, tried to fulfill all the functions assigned to him, but at the same time he was sympathetic, kind and noticed other people. Moreover, he also comes to their aid, as in the case of Maltsev. It was Kostya who achieved a review of the case, after which Alexander was rehabilitated. Later, he will bring back to life a person for whom work has become the meaning of life. He will take Maltsev on a flight, during which his sight will return. And even after this, Kostya does not leave his friend and walks him to the door of the house.