Diseases of cucumbers mosaic on leaves. Measures to combat mosaic on cucumbers: how to treat and what to treat with

The common mosaic, in addition to cucumber, often attacks cabbage and beans with dill. It can also affect parsley, peppers, lettuce and tomato. This is the most harmful type of mosaic. The growth of crops attacked by it is significantly inhibited, their internodes are gradually shortened, the bases of the stems often crack, and the area of the leaves and the number of flowers decreases. As a rule, this scourge is found mainly in greenhouses, but in the Voronezh region it can also be encountered in open ground. If you do not take timely measures against harmful mosaics, you can lose a good half of the harvest.

A few words about the disease

The first signs of harmful ordinary mosaic can be observed even on seedlings. They appear in the form of zonal chloroticity and pronounced mosaic, as well as wrinkling and curvature of young leaves noticeable to the naked eye. As the disease develops, the leaves begin to wrinkle and their edges curl down. And some time later, the leaves acquire a mosaic color, which is characterized by the presence of shapeless alternating dark green and light green areas.

If the air temperature is lowered, then the fruits on unhealthy plants quickly acquire a mosaic variegated color, and in most cases become distorted and wrinkled. All areas of dark green color begin to alternate with yellow ones. Under unfavorable conditions (sharp cold snap and a number of other factors), cucumber flowers dry up, the stems become glassy, and as a result, the infected crops wither.

The causative agent of this unfortunate scourge is a very harmful virus called Cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV), the virions of which are distinguished by their spherical shape. The infection enters cucumber plantings mainly from neighboring areas with weeds or vectors. And about seventy varieties of aphids, including the common potato aphid, as well as greenhouse and melon aphids, carry the harmful disease. In plant juice, the ill-fated virus is very unstable, and when composting post-harvest residues, it is inactivated within two months. During the winter, the pathogen persists in the roots of perennial hosts (quinoa, woodlice, bindweed, sow thistle and others).

How to fight

An excellent measure against ordinary cucumber mosaic is the cultivation of resistant hybrids, such as Pasalimo, Othello, Ofix and Pasadeno. Hybrids such as Pasamonte, Semcross and Octopus have also proven themselves well. There are also tolerant hybrids: Arina, Verenta, Lord and Zozulya. It is advisable to use a sterilized or well-composted substrate for growing cucumbers.

It is not recommended to grow any pumpkin crops next to greenhouses - they often turn out to be sources of virus persistence. To destroy surface infection, before sowing, it is advisable to treat the seeds with potassium permanganate or trisodium phosphate solution (15 g per liter of water), in which the seeds are usually soaked for an hour. And, of course, seeds for planting should only be taken that are free from infection.

Weeds must be destroyed not only throughout the season, but also in the off-season, since they are a possible reservoir of infection. It is also important to actively combat aphids throughout the growing season. The drug "Aktara" is well suited for this purpose. And if cucumbers are regularly tied with twine, then every year you should try to use new twine. As for watering, you should water the cucumbers only with warm water. It is equally important to maintain optimal temperature conditions in greenhouses.

If the ill-fated attack does appear on cucumber plantings, its spread can be limited by spraying with 10% skim milk. Such spraying is carried out every ten days two or three times. Also, during the growing season, cucumber plantings are sprayed with a preparation called “Farmayod-3”.

A real disaster for gardeners is cucumber mosaic. The destructive effect of the disease also extends to other vegetable crops: cabbage, tomatoes, hot and bell peppers, beans, lettuce. The virus destroys plants, without hope of maintaining the quality of the fruit. The article will help you understand how the infection process occurs and how to deal with mosaic on cucumbers.

Cucumber mosaic is a disease caused by viruses. They are very small, but cause tissue damage at the cellular level. The carrier of the harmful disease is aphids, so cucumber mosaic easily spreads in protected and open ground. The infection tolerates winter well and can exist in dry plant debris and soil for several years.

Cucumber seedlings infected with the mosaic virus lag behind in development, weaken and die. If the disease occurs during the period of fruit ripening, then the greens are also affected. Infected plants are characterized by mottling and curling of leaves. There are several types of mosaics. The most common are:

tobacco;
ordinary;
green speckled;
white.

Tobacco mosaic was one of the first to be discovered by scientists. Tobacco, tomatoes, and bell peppers are more often susceptible to the disease. This variety can be found much less frequently on cucumbers. It can be distinguished by its characteristic marble pattern with alternating bright green and pale yellow stains on the leaves. Areas of the leaf blade that have not changed color swell and take the shape of a bubble. Subsequently, the cucumber leaves dry out and die.

Common mosaic in cucumbers is more common in greenhouses, but in the southern regions it is common in open ground. At the first stage, small pale islands appear on the leaves. Further, their number and area increases, the leaves become wrinkled, hard, and the edges curl. The spots resemble a mosaic of dark and light areas. The affected bush does not grow, the formation of ovaries and flowers decreases, the distance between nodes decreases, young leaves remain small. The mosaic color and tuberosity are transmitted to the developing fruits. Gradually, over the course of two weeks, the bushes wither.

Green speckled mosaic is characteristic of greenhouse cucumbers. The virus develops on young seedlings and more mature cucumber bushes. A mosaic infection can be detected by the formation of light yellow spots between the leaf veins and swollen tubercles. When infected with the green mottled mosaic virus, growth retardation, leaf deformation, and a reduction in the number of female flowers are observed. The fruits are short, covered with spots, curled, and bitterness appears in the taste.

The white mosaic in cucumbers appears with the formation of inconspicuous yellow dots. Gradually they increase in size, take on the shape of rings or stars and are white in color. As the virus spreads, the spots join together and the leaf blade turns white. Sometimes, on the leaf, along the veins, individual green areas remain.

Causes of defeat

A mosaic on cucumbers can exist for a long time without revealing itself. But for the infection to enter the active phase, special conditions are required.

First of all, this is a violation of the temperature regime, sudden changes in heat and cold. Cucumbers are a heat-loving crop, sensitive to cold; a drop in air temperature to +13°C has a significant impact on growth and development. Excessively high temperatures above +32°C have a similar effect. In both cases, the plant is forced to direct its accumulated energy not to growth, but to survival. Immunity and resistance to viruses drops, and weakened bushes become defenseless against pest attacks.

The second reason for the appearance of sensitivity to a viral disease is uneven watering. Thus, a lack of moisture in the soil does not allow the roots to receive the required amount of nutrients. Excessive watering, without sufficient loosening, leaves cucumbers without oxygen. A weak root system is affected by infectious diseases.

Equally important for maintaining an optimal climate are air humidity and timely fertilizing. Dry hot air in a greenhouse stimulates plants to lose moisture. This significantly weakens the cucumber bushes. Lack of fertilizer support does not allow the green organism to recover. Dangerous pests attack initially weak seedlings.

But where does the viral infection come from if the entire range of agricultural practices is followed? There can be several sources and carriers of viruses:

infected seed material;
aphids, thrips and other pests;
remains of diseased plants carried by the wind;
infected inventory;
abundance of weeds.

In addition to the sources mentioned above, the virus can hide in the soil for a long time. If the cucumbers have been ill, and the soil has not been properly treated and the diseased residues have not been destroyed, then the seedlings planted in this place will be affected by the mosaic virus.

Treatment of mosaic on cucumbers

Treatment of the mosaic virus begins with restoring comfortable conditions for cucumbers. Create optimal temperature conditions for care through ventilation, additional ventilation, and use night heating if necessary. To normalize humidity, additionally spray the green mass and place containers of water along the beds. Watering should be suspended for two to three days.

Follow the disinfection regime. Treat the equipment with boiling water, alcohol or potassium permanganate, change your work clothes. Weed weeds, remove diseased bushes or infected leaves at the initial signs of the disease. The soil must be sprinkled with wood ash, the bushes must be sprayed with a weak solution of potassium permanganate, or treated with bleach.

Such measures will help stop the spread of the disease to the rest of the cucumber bush. To consolidate the result, you can additionally treat it with chemicals or use traditional methods.

Anti-mosaic preparations

It is not necessary to use chemicals, since the virus is very resistant to them. With the help of special means you can only slow down the development of the disease. Treat cucumbers grown in open ground with a solution of Bordeaux mixture and liquid soap. You can use special products “Aktelikt”, “Aktara”.

Folk remedies

If the first stage of the disease is missed, treat with a more concentrated solution (1:2) or use low-fat milk instead of whey for spraying. Adding 15 drops of iodine to the solution is effective. You can treat the bushes with infusions of dandelion, tobacco, garlic or onion peels.

What to do for prevention

Preventing a virus is much easier than curing it. Therefore, you should not neglect the rules of cultivation. If you want to protect cucumbers from mosaic damage, use the following recommendations:

Remove weeds regularly; the virus settles on its roots.
Change the location of planting cucumbers annually.
During the autumn cleaning period, burn the remains of dry plants.
Avoid thickening plantings.
Do not use old twine to tie the lashes, and do not use untreated equipment to shape the bush.
Maintain temperature conditions and uniform soil and air moisture.
Protect the area from aphid breeding.
Renew the top layer (10 cm) of soil in the greenhouse every year.
Carry out preventive spraying of plantings with Farmayod solution (3 ml/10 l of water).

For planting, it is better to use seeds collected 2-3 years ago.

Be sure to pre-disinfect. If you use purchased seeds, choose resistant varieties: Pasadena, Othello, Semcross, Ofix, Zozulya, Lord, Arina. Creating a favorable climate and following a number of simple recommendations will help protect the crop from being damaged by the virus.

Diseases of cucumbers usually have two main causes - watering with cold water and sharp fluctuations between day and night temperatures.

It must be observed in order to prevent diseases of cucumbers, and therefore save yourself from many problems.

For warnings any disease of cucumbers you need:
- carry out the return of pumpkin plants to their original place no earlier than after 3-4 years;
- choose disease-resistant ones for growing in the country,
— disinfect seeds 1-2 weeks before sowing;
— when harvesting, do not leave diseased fruits in the garden;
— timely remove and destroy post-harvest plant residues.

Cucumber diseases anthracnose and mosaic

If you still cannot avoid the disease, use our tips to help your plants.

Anthracnose

Anthracnose or copperhead is considered one of the most common in many European countries.
one of the most dangerous diseases of cucumbers.

Anthracnose is a fungal disease that manifests itself in the appearance of brown spots on leaves and stems. Affected leaves dry out. Deep, wet ulcers appear on the fruits, causing them to lose market value.

The disease progresses at high humidity. Dew and rain contribute to the spread of anthracnose.

Measures to combat anthracnose

In addition to the above general rules, to combat anthracnose it is necessary:
— spray crops with a 1% suspension of colloidal sulfur;
- treat with 0.5-1% Bordeaux mixture, following the instructions on the package. At the same time, this will be a preventive measure against powdery mildew;
- the affected areas of the stem are treated with a 0.5% solution of copper sulfate, and then dusted with crushed coal, lime or chalk.

Mosaic

Mosaic is a viral disease of cucumbers, characterized by the appearance of spots of different colors on young leaves (depending on the type of disease). Leaves affected by mosaic, especially young ones, become wrinkled and take on a variegated color.

Due to disruption of the normal functioning of the leaves, the yield decreases. Small yellowish depressions form on the fruits, which reduces their nutritional and commercial value.

It is best to remove single diseased plants. When the disease spreads in closed ground, it is necessary to ensure that the air temperature is not lower than 16-18 and not higher than 35-40 ° C. It is advisable to rejuvenate sick plants; advanced agricultural technology should be used on plantings and prevent the appearance of spider mites and aphids - carriers of viral diseases cucumbers

Measures to combat cucumber mosaic

Viral diseases are practically untreatable. The only thing we can do to curb their spread is:

— culling of the first diseased plants;
— destruction of perennial weeds;
— timely control of aphids and spider mites;
— disinfection of seeds before sowing to destroy surface
infections in a solution of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate);
- spraying affected plants with a 10% fat-free solution
milk;
— disinfection of working tools.

Causes of diseases on cucumbers

plant remains from last year. It is necessary to observe crop rotation or steam the greenhouse soil;
wild weeds that are vectors. They must be destroyed;
infection inside and on the surface of the seeds. It is necessary to warm the seeds and treat them with fungicides before sowing;
rains containing spores of a pathogenic disease, so it is better to grow in a film or glass greenhouse;
nearby infected seedlings. They must be removed immediately and the soil disinfected.

Having studied the causes of diseases, we move on to their description and control measures.

Viral diseases of cucumbers

A feature of these diseases is the presence of a living host carrier. Viruses do not live long in the open air, but they can easily be transferred during harvesting or forming along with juice. It differs from other diseases in that the color of the leaves of individual areas changes in the form of a mosaic. In this case, the leaf becomes deformed and wrinkles, and this manifestation is asymmetrical, which distinguishes them from signs of overuse of growth stimulants, which appear almost the same, but symmetrically. Let's look at the manifestations of the most common viral diseases.

Viral diseases are often transmitted by seeds. The virus can be neutralized by heating dry seeds before sowing at a temperature of + 50 degrees for three days, and then a day at +70 degrees. If a plant sick with the virus is noticed, it is immediately uprooted and the soil is watered with boiling water. To prevent infection from weeds, they are destroyed around the cucumber planting at a distance of at least 10 m.

Bacterial diseases of cucumbers

Angular leaf spot. Caused by bacteria that penetrate through the stomata of leaves or damage to the integumentary tissue. Other plants of the pumpkin family are also affected, which can be reserves of infection. The main source of infection is seeds, in which bacteria can survive for about 2 years, but in the soil they quickly die. The incubation period is up to 10 days. Bacteria are transmitted by air masses and hands when caring for beds. The manifestation of the disease begins with the lower leaves, angular brown spots form on the leaves of cucumbers from the upper part and an oily yellowish coating from the lower part of the leaf. Affected fruits have small round sores. The leaves gradually dry out and the planting completely dies.

To combat a bacterial disease, the use of antibiotics is necessary, but there are no drugs developed specifically for this. A single use of penicillin at a concentration of 1 million units is possible. per 10 liters of water when the first signs of the disease appear.

Gray rot. Caused by bacteria under cool conditions. All above-ground parts are affected, brown areas and a thick gray coating appear on cucumbers. The disease will spread quite quickly. The period from infection to the onset of symptoms is 3-5 days.

To cope with the disease, stop watering, ventilate the greenhouse well, and lubricate the affected parts with a paste prepared from the drug Rovral or Euparen multi.

Fungal diseases of cucumbers and their treatment

The most common and harmful diseases are caused by spore-bearing imperfect fungi. Cucumber has very delicate integumentary tissue, so it is easily affected by various types of this infection. To prevent infection from plant debris, cucumber cannot be grown in one place for two years in a row.

Root rot. Caused by fungi that are found everywhere in the soil, feeding on non-living plant debris, they do not affect healthy seedlings. They occur only at the moment of weakening of plants, mainly due to low soil temperatures below +16 degrees. The root loses living root hairs, becomes covered with a brown coating, and the leaves and stem wither.

When buying seeds, you can see that some of them have already been processed and painted in a bright signal color. This is done to destroy part of the infection on the surface of the seeds, and give a noticeable color, which simplifies sowing, as they become more visible. Typically coated with a coating containing the fungicide thiram, which suppresses fungi that cause root rot.

If the disease begins to appear, then it is necessary to increase the soil temperature by watering with warm water with the addition of potassium permanganate until it turns slightly pink. The stems, lowered from the support, are laid on the ground and sprinkled with soil to form additional roots.

White rot or sclerotinia. A highly infectious dangerous disease that appears as white flakes with black dots on all parts of the plant. Soft mucous spots appear on them. The above-ground parts wither and die within 3-5 days. There are currently no effective drugs. When this disease of cucumbers appears in a greenhouse, it is quarantined, all plant residues are destroyed and the soil is treated with steam or replaced.

Anthracnose. Ascochytaosis. Cladosporiosis. These fungal diseases have similar symptoms, mainly causing brown spots to appear on cucumbers. The affected leaf tissue discolors and holes appear. Affected brown areas appear on the fruits. The plant eventually loses its leaves and dies. The spores of these fungi overwinter on plant debris and are transferred from infected plants to healthy ones by the wind. These diseases have an incubation period and begin to appear 3-7 days from the moment of infection.

To combat diseases, it is necessary to carry out preventive treatments with one of the copper preparations: 1% Bordeaux mixture, Abiga-Pik, copper oxychloride. Stop using these fungicides 30 days before harvest.

Powdery mildew. A fungal disease that manifests itself at high air humidity, often after prolonged rainfall. The disease appears 3-5 days after infection with spores. A white coating appears on cucumbers only on the upper part of the leaves. They gradually shrink and then dry out, the seedlings stop growing and die.

To combat this disease, drugs containing sulfur are used, for example, Quadris or Colloidal sulfur. Treatment is carried out prophylactically every 2 weeks and stopped 14 days before harvest.

Downy mildew or downy mildew of cucumbers. The most harmful disease, since the defeat occurs with lightning speed and there are no sufficiently effective means of control. The spores of this fungus have flagella that can pierce even thin aluminum foil. Infection requires droplet-liquid moisture. Optimal infection conditions are +18 degrees and 100% relative humidity. Downy mildew of cucumbers appears as a whitish coating with a purple tint on both sides of the leaf, which is a distinctive feature from powdery mildew. The fruits become incompletely colored and tasteless. The leaves quickly turn brown and the crops are completely destroyed.

Until recently, it was only possible to grow early ripening cucumbers. Currently, the cultivation of resistant or tolerant varieties makes it possible to obtain a harvest even in open ground. In greenhouses, cucumbers are less susceptible to disease with preventive treatment with copper preparations and alternation of preparations of various chemical groups, for example, Strobi, Ridomil Gold, Bravo. Treatments are stopped 30 days before harvest.

We hope that the information presented in the article will allow you to avoid many diseases of cucumbers and get a high yield.

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Saving cucumbers: diseases and their treatment

Many cultivated plants are susceptible to various diseases, including cucumbers. It is better to prevent diseases (and their treatment in the future). Otherwise, you can lose, if not the entire harvest, then most of it. To prevent this from happening, you must carry out preventive measures and, at the first symptoms, take immediate measures to eliminate them, then the fight against cucumber diseases will be effective.

Classification of diseases

All diseases of cucumbers (you can see the photo here) are divided into three groups:

Fungal.
Viral.
Bacterial.

Fungal diseases

1. Powdery mildew is the most common disease in this group. It looks like this: white spots appear on the leaves, which over time affect the entire leaf and spread to neighboring ones. This fungus takes all the nutrients from the plant, thereby reducing the yield. The disease can appear if the air humidity is too high or the application rate of nitrogen fertilizers is exceeded. For prevention and treatment:

change the location of planting the cucumber annually;
in the greenhouse the temperature should be 23-25 degrees;
water the plant with warm water;
monitor the soil moisture (so that it is not too wet, but not too dry), every 10 days after the first signs of the disease appear, spray the plant with an infusion of mullein or colloidal sulfur;
In case of severe damage, cut off the diseased leaves.

2. Olive spot appears as round spots on olive-colored leaves and fruits. Because of these stains, the appearance and taste of cucumbers deteriorate. The source of infection is fungal spores left over from last year. For prevention and treatment, ventilate the greenhouse and treat ulcers with foundation.

Among the fungal diseases, there are also brown olive spot, white rot, gray rot, root rot and others that infect cucumbers. Diseases (and their treatment) can drag on for a long time, so it is better to prevent them; to do this, follow the temperature and watering regime.

Viral diseases

In this group, the most common diseases that affect cucumbers themselves are diseases, and their treatment consists of replacing soil contaminated with viruses.

1. Green mottled mosaic is characterized by yellowing of the leaves and the appearance of mosaic warts on the fruit. Before sowing, seeds must be disinfected with potassium permanganate or subjected to heat treatment.

2. White mosaic appears as white or yellow spots on the leaves and the same stripes on the cucumbers themselves. Control measures are the same as with the previous disease.

Bacterial diseases

Bacteriosis is the most common and most dangerous disease of this group. Crooked fruits with brown ulcers and leaves with holes are observed, and they are treated with a solution of lime and copper sulfate. If the disease is advanced, it is better to remove diseased leaves and fruits and bury them. The bacteria are spread by insects or plant debris.

There are other known diseases that affect cucumbers, and their treatment is further complicated by pests that not only spread the infection, but also cause considerable damage to the crop. Most ailments can be prevented, because many of them are associated with improper watering, temperature changes and contaminated soil.

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Powdery mildew on cucumbers

Signs of powdery mildew on cucumbers (see photo) are small brown spots covered with a white coating (also called mycelium). At first a small area is affected, but over time the disease covers the entire leaf. It gradually becomes dull and dries out completely. Cucumber seedlings affected by this disease do not develop, and the formed young shoots no longer grow.

How to fight powdery mildew on cucumbers? Protection is carried out by preparing a solution of weeds. To do this, you will need the following material: plantain, coltsfoot, nettle, dandelion, wood lice, fireweed. All plants are crushed, placed in a bucket (usually the capacity is 10 liters) and filled with hot water. Next, add one teaspoon of urea, manganese powder, liquid soap and mix everything. And if the question arises - how to treat cucumbers against powdery mildew and other diseases, then the resulting solution is the best option for plant protection.

In addition to a natural herbal cocktail for powdery mildew on cucumbers, folk remedies are used - whey and a mixture of mullein and urea in a proportion of 10 liters. water/1 kg cow dung with 1 tbsp. spoons of urea.

To prevent powdery mildew on cucumbers, use fine sulfur powder (the soil is pollinated through three-layer gauze and covered with film for 3 hours). Also, when fighting powdery mildew on cucumbers, use a decoction of horsetail.

Preparation of tincture: 100 gr. dried or 1 kg of fresh horsetail is infused for about a day in 10 liters of water, then boiled for about 2 hours. After boiling, the broth should be cooled and diluted with water in a ratio of 1:5.

In this way, the process of growing cucumbers can be significantly improved. Diseases are eradicated, and the soil becomes quite suitable for the safe growth and fruiting of plants.

Advice! To prevent disease, diseased leaves and shoots should be burned immediately. Throwing them on the edge of the garden or bed is not recommended.

How to deal with downy mildew (peronospora)?

The main sign of downy mildew on cucumbers (see photo) are yellow-green spots that cover most of the leaf. They are also mistaken for traces of acid rain. A purple-gray coating appears at the bottom of the leaf, as a result of which it dries out completely and crumbles. Downy mildew of cucumbers affects plants regardless of age. It is typical in most cases when growing cucumbers in open ground.

The prerequisites for the occurrence and development of peronosporosis are high humidity and air temperature up to 16-180C. The disease develops from small droplets on a leaf.

Spores are able to maintain their dangerous vital activity in the soil for a long time, so it is very difficult to fight them. If peronosporosis or downy mildew appears on cucumbers, then control measures should include the use of certain preparations containing copper (Bordeaux mixture, Ridomil Gold, Oxychom). These products are effective as a prophylactic agent.

If cucumbers are affected by downy mildew, then treatment is carried out with the drug “Rizoplan”. It is based on living cells of certain bacteria. They are absolutely harmless to humans, but are destructive to downy mildew spores. The drug also does not accumulate in the soil, but decomposes immediately.

In addition to traditional preparations, you can also use a folk remedy for downy mildew on cucumbers - whey. The leaves are sprayed with it.

How does olive spot (cladosporiosis) appear on cucumbers?

The occurrence of olive spotting on cucumbers (see photo) should be observed in the second half of summer, when the cucumbers have already fully formed the bush. Olive spot appears on fruits in the form of olive (brown) spots with a coating. The disease spreads quickly and if left untreated, the entire crop can be lost.

This type of disease is more typical for greenhouse conditions. Cladosporiosis spores are resistant to the greenhouse microclimate, so control of this disease should be started immediately.

If olive spotting of cucumbers is observed, then control measures should include thoroughly wiping all surfaces of the greenhouse with a disinfectant that does not contain chlorine. Under no circumstances should you water cucumbers with cold water, and when the disease is first detected, you should stop watering the plant altogether for 3-4 days.

Treatment of cucumber disease in open ground is carried out by using solutions that contain copper - Bordeaux mixture with the addition of liquid soap.

In order to prevent the appearance of olive spot, crops should be changed in the affected areas.

What is the common cucumber field mosaic?

Common cucumber mosaic (see photo) most often develops in open soil. Signs of the disease are yellow-green spots in the form of a mosaic. As the disease progresses, the leaves of cucumbers curl, become dull, dry out and fall off. The fruits become very pimply. Under the influence of the disease, the plant’s immunity weakens so much that when the air temperature sharply drops, the bush simply stops growing and soon dies.

The danger of this disease lies in its resistance to cold. Spores of the common field mosaic easily survive winter and cold in the root systems of reserve plants (sow thistle, quinoa, woodlice, bindweed, wheatgrass). These are difficult to remove weeds, so it is very difficult to fight this virus. You can use the method of growing cucumbers in plastic bottles. It is absolutely not complicated and plants are not affected by field mosaic in 94% of cases.

How to spray cucumbers against illness? For ordinary cucumber mosaic, treatment consists of spraying the bushes with whey. In especially severe cases, this is done with a concentrated substance, and in preventive measures and in the initial stages of the disease, the serum should be diluted with water in a ratio of 1:2. Treating cucumbers against diseases with folk remedies very often gives a positive and lasting result.

Green and white mosaic mottled

Green and white cucumber mosaic (mottled) is one of the most common infections. Signs of the disease are wrinkled leaves with blown out areas, and areas with a green or white color also appear. The spots become white as they progress. In this case, it is very difficult to fight the disease.

At an advanced stage, cucumber bushes dull their growth. The leaves weaken and begin to wither in places. The fruits, accordingly, become very soft and their taste deteriorates. An outbreak of the disease can be triggered by a sharp increase in temperature from 220C to 300C.

This dangerous viral disease is transmitted through untreated tools, plant debris, and simply persists in the soil. To combat this disease, gardeners choose varieties that are resistant to the disease (mostly hybrids for open or closed ground).

The best way to get rid of this cucumber disease is care. It is necessary to remove affected shoots and leaves in a timely manner and burn them immediately. Also, for prevention, you can spray the bushes with a light whey solution.

How to deal with gray cucumber rot?

Gray rot on cucumbers (see photo) is a type of viral disease that manifests itself during the period of active fruiting. A gray coating may appear on leaves, stems and fruits, especially in the internodes. The most favorable environment for its development is a densely planted area of a vegetable garden or garden bed.

The fact is that cucumbers that grow in close proximity to each other begin to rot due to the inability to develop in close quarters.

How to deal with gray rot on cucumbers? The therapeutic measure is the timely removal of diseased leaves and entire sections of the stem. In some cases, it is necessary to remove the entire bush. The fight against gray rot on cucumbers also involves applying a specially prepared substance (chalk with potassium permanganate) to the wounds of the removed leaves. The consistency of such a remedy should be viscous and have a light pink tone.

Root rot of cucumbers

The danger of root rot of cucumbers (see photo) is that signs of the disease are not immediately visible, since it affects the root system of the plant. The first sign of this disease is a sharp wilting of the bushes. In this case, you cannot start watering the plant, this will harm it even more.

How to save cucumbers from root rot? In the early stages of the disease, you should slightly expose the root system (to do this, you need to lightly loosen the soil around it). Treatment for root rot of cucumbers involves sprinkling the affected parts with a specially prepared mixture (charcoal, chalk and ash). A solution of copper sulfate and copper oxychloride can also help against root rot of cucumbers.

After treatment, the roots and part of the stem should be sprinkled with clean, dry and unaffected soil. Watering can begin at the first sign of improvement in plant growth.

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Cucumber diseases and their treatment

When planting time comes, we all dream about the future harvest. We imagine a variety of appetizing and tasty vegetables with which we will provide ourselves and all our relatives. Alas, sometimes plans collapse and our plants begin to suffer from some disease. But if you quickly notice signs of trouble and understand what kind of misfortune has overcome the cucumbers, you can help them. We will tell you about all the common diseases of cucumbers and their treatment.

Why do cucumbers get sick?

As you know, healthy plants that have everything they need are rarely affected by fungi or microbes. Insect pests also prefer weakened plants. In what cases do cucumbers become so weak that they can get sick? There are three main reasons:

Since cucumbers are a heat-loving species, they do not like cold weather. And sharp fluctuations in temperature at night and during the day are even more destructive.
For the same reason, it is highly not recommended to water cucumbers with cold water. First you need to let it warm up in a sunny place.
Sometimes vegetables suffer because they lack the nutrients they need. Do not forget about fertilizing, and it is better if it is suitable organic fertilizers.

There are other important factors that we will look at next.

What diseases most often affect cucumbers?

Cucumber diseases spread due to fungal pathogens, bacteria or viruses. Typically, these pathogens pose a threat to other vegetables. Let's look at the most common diseases of cucumbers and their treatment.

Powdery mildew

This is one of the most common cucumber diseases. It is caused by a widespread fungus that overwinters well on abandoned tops, fruit bushes and weeds. And in spring and summer we notice brown spots with a white coating on young leaves (this is mycelium). As a result, the leaf dries out completely. The shoots of the affected plant develop poorly. If fruits have appeared, they may also be affected. The disease is most severe during cold weather with rain. When there is an excess of nitrogen in the soil, greenery grows, which is especially susceptible to powdery mildew.

If no measures are taken, the diseased vegetable may well die. Therefore, you need to fight the disease as soon as you notice it. Remove leaves with signs of powdery mildew immediately to prevent the fungus from spreading. You shouldn't throw them in the compost, it's better to burn them. The store will offer drugs “Jet”, “Topaz” and “Quadris” to combat fungus. Some folk remedies also help against it.

Spray the whey all over the cucumber leaves on both sides. If the serum is not enough, it can be diluted with water.
Garlic helps fight many diseases, including powdery mildew. It is enough to chop 50 g of garlic and stir in a liter of water. After a day, pour the contents of the jar into a bucket of water and spray the plants.
Moisten the leaves and shoots of the cucumbers, then powder them with ash through cheesecloth.

Downy mildew or downy mildew

Peronosporosis occurs even more often than the previously described disease. With it, the foliage becomes covered with greenish-yellow spots and dries out. The plant looks like it has been exposed to acid rain. The fungus is very tenacious and aggressive. It persists in the soil for more than 5 years and can appear even on young shoots. But more often the disease becomes noticeable only in August, when the fruits are already ripening. Outbreaks occur after cucumbers are exposed to cold water. This can happen during cold weather, cold water irrigation, or dew due to extreme temperature changes.

Downy mildew is not easy to control. Therefore, effective measures must be taken at the first signs of the disease or even for prevention. Copper-based products are most often used. This is the well-known Bordeaux mixture, Oxychom, Ridomil Gold, Kuprosat and much more. Whey also helps, but it is better to add copper sulfate to it. A teaspoon of poison and three liters of serum per bucket of solution is enough. After such treatments, harvesting can be done no earlier than two to three weeks later.

In order not to water vegetables with chemicals, it is better to try to avoid the spread of the disease. To do this, choose varieties that are resistant to peronosporosis. Early ripening varieties are also suitable. You will have time to harvest from them before the main outbreak in August. There is also a safe but effective remedy - the biological product "Rizoplan". It suppresses the pathogenic fungus well, and cucumbers after it can be eaten within two days.

Ordinary or field mosaic

This is a viral disease that affects many other crops in addition to cucumbers. With it, leaves and even fruits become covered with spots of light green, dark green and yellow, and become corrugated. Eventually, such leaves dry out and the plant dies. Sometimes the disease manifests itself even at the seedling stage. Such seedlings, of course, cannot be used. The disease usually develops during cold weather.
The mosaic virus, fortunately, is not one of the most tenacious. It dies in a compost heap within two months, and it is usually not transmitted through seeds. The pathogen overwinters on the roots of many common weeds. These are quinoa, bindweed, thistle and others. Mosaic is also carried by aphids. Accordingly, to prevent the disease, it is necessary to fight weeds, prevent the appearance of aphids and use only well-rotted compost. There are varieties of cucumbers that are resistant to the mosaic virus.
If you notice signs of damage, then use whey. In this case it also helps a lot. There are also special means. These are, for example, “Aktara” and “Aktelikt”.

White and green mosaic

These are different strains of the same virus, which is dangerous only for cucumbers and some other vegetables of the pumpkin family. When the disease occurs, the leaves become wrinkled and covered with spots of different shades of green. If the spots gradually lighten to white, this indicates that the disease has entered a more severe stage. The fruits set less frequently and are very distorted. These diseases, unlike ordinary mosaic, spread at elevated temperatures (more than 30º C).
White and green mosaic virus persists in soil and plant debris. It is easily transmitted through seeds, on which it remains active for up to two years. Therefore, new seeds must be disinfected for prevention. Damaged parts of diseased vegetables must be removed and burned. Treat the diseased plants themselves with whey or ash solution.

Cladosporiosis, or olive spot

This viral disease affects cucumber fruits. They become covered with olive ulcers and change color. Of course, you can no longer eat them. Leaves and shoots may also be damaged. The pathogen persists in the soil, on plant debris and various surfaces such as greenhouse film. Represents a threat for three years. The disease spreads quickly, so it can destroy an entire crop in just a week.
The main causes of cladosporiosis are the same as for downy mildew. This is a cold snap, drops of cold water on plants, drafts. At the first signs of this disease, it is necessary to stop watering and dry the plants. To do this, on a warm day they need to be well ventilated if the cucumbers are growing in a greenhouse. During cold weather, on the contrary, plants need to be covered. Copper-based drugs (Bordeaux mixture, etc.) are effective. Try to grow varieties that are resistant to olive blight.

Root rot

An unpleasant feature of this disease is that the cause of wilting of cucumbers is not visible. If the plants have managed to develop and set fruit, not everyone will think to check their roots. Moreover, the main symptom is the wilted top and foliage. In some cases, it is noticeable that the base of the roots has turned yellow and cracked. The leaves closest to the base of the stem become spotted. The disease can occur due to cold, overheated or saline soil. Cold watering and planting too deep can also lead to such consequences. Root rot is caused by various microbes and fungi. They accumulate in the soil and are transmitted with seeds.
If you notice the cause of the disease at an early stage, then you can try to save the cucumbers. To do this, the upper part of the roots must be exposed and dried. Next, the root should be powdered with ash or crushed coal. Drugs such as "Hom" and the safer "Fitosporin-M" help. You can try pinning the bottom of the cucumber stem to the ground to encourage adventitious roots to grow. If the disease has developed so much that all the roots have become rotten, then the plants must be destroyed and the bed disinfected with copper sulfate.

Gray rot

With this disease, a damp gray coating appears on the stems and at the bases of leaves. Gray rot can appear due to cold weather or improper watering, but the most common reason is too thick planting of cucumbers. When thickened, this plant forms many barren flowers. When they die, they rot and can infect the stem. Therefore, you should not plant vegetables too closely, and it is better to remove wilted male flowers by hand.
For treatment, damaged areas must be cleaned and sprinkled with ash. A paste of chalk and a pink solution of potassium permanganate also helps. Another option for a medicinal mixture: mix chalk and ash (a glass each) and add a teaspoon of copper sulfate.

Sclerotinia, or White rot

With this disease, cucumber foliage becomes covered with whitish flakes, and then with black dots. The leaves rot and after a while the leaves die. The plant usually dies when the stem becomes damaged and rots. To prevent disease, keep vegetables from getting too cold and water them properly. Remove dried parts of plants immediately. If the disease manifests itself, the same remedies as for root rot will help. These are ash, crushed coal, and the preparations “Hom” and “Fitosporin-M”.

Anthracnose or copperhead

With this fungal disease, the leaves and fruits of cucumbers become covered with vague brown and brownish spots. As they spread, the foliage dries out and the fruits become unedible. The causative agent of the disease is well preserved in the soil, on plant debris, and on greenhouse materials. The copperhead is also transmitted through seeds. Therefore, for prevention, they must be disinfected, and crop rotation must be observed in the beds and the tops must be removed. Affected plants are treated with Hom, Colloidal Sulfur, Quadris or Bordeaux mixture.

Always maintain crop rotation, otherwise pathogens will accumulate in the soil with each passing season.
If crop rotation is not possible in the greenhouse, then replace the soil layer and carry out disinfection. It is necessary to process not only the soil, but also all materials.
Try to notice diseases of cucumbers as early as possible, and do not delay their treatment until later. In the early stages, most infections are easy to overcome. And if nothing is done, you can lose the entire harvest and infect other vegetables.
Cucumbers should be protected from the cold and watered exclusively with warm water. Moreover, it is advisable to avoid excessive wetting of the stems and leaves.
Always disinfect purchased seeds. They can bring a variety of diseases into your garden. Treatment before planting will not take time and will save you a lot of hassle in the future.
Do not plant cucumbers too closely; they should be ventilated.
Keep weeds away as many of them spread viruses and are flexible.

And the last piece of advice: if you notice a disease on vegetables, do not despair. In the early stages of cucumber diseases and their treatment are not so scary. The main thing is to understand the reason for their appearance and eliminate it as soon as possible. Then in the future you will have healthy cucumbers that will produce an excellent harvest!

Judging by the photograph of a cucumber leaf, the external signs of the disease are very similar to a white mosaic. This is a viral infection that affects many crops growing both in open ground and in greenhouse (or indoor) conditions.

White cucumber mosaic is the most harmful of all types of mosaics and one of the most resistant to treatment. The virus is difficult to destroy because it has the ability to survive for a long time in the soil, in plant debris and even on tools. In addition, mosaic also affects plant seeds, maintaining its activity for 2-3 years. But even after this time, a certain level of infection still remains.

Treatment methods for cucumber mosaic

First of all, you should urgently separate diseased plants from the rest in order to prevent the further spread of infection. Remove the affected leaves and treat the cucumbers with Actelikt or Aktara.

Tools that were used to care for diseased plants must be thoroughly disinfected in a solution of potassium permanganate.

Folk remedies, such as spraying, also have a slowing effect on the development of the disease:

low-fat milk (10%);
milk-iodine solution (10% milk and 0.1% iodine);
dandelion tincture;
decoction of onion peels;
tobacco tincture;
weak garlic infusion.

Causes of the disease

A favorable environment for the manifestation of the mosaic of cucumbers grown in greenhouse (indoor) conditions is:

Increased room temperature (more than 25 degrees Celsius).
Sudden temperature fluctuations.

The disease quickly spreads to all plantings and can destroy them in a short time.

Cucumber mosaic is transmitted:

through infected seeds;
through contaminated soil or weeds;
through equipment used to process infected plants;
with the help of pests, in particular.

Characteristic signs of the disease

Cucumber mosaic most often appears at a “young age” of the plant and affects the foliage of cucumbers. Young leaves are covered with white or yellow spots, which gradually increase in scale and completely color the leaf, leaving only the veins green. However, the virus can and will lurk until the time when the cucumbers begin to bear fruit.