Building eyes step by step. How to draw a person's eyes with a pencil step by step
How to draw eyes with a pencil? Each of us has a rough idea of what it looks like human eye and can draw at least this primitive image:
But, since you are puzzled by the question of how to draw an eye step by step, apparently you want to get more.
First, I advise you to go to the mirror and carefully examine your eyes. Simply studying an object always reveals a lot of new things. I remember a school drawing lesson where we were given an assignment. I drew the best I could and brought it to the teacher for checking. And Natalya Maksimovna advised me to take a close look at her eyes. “Pay attention,” she said, “we have eyelids and folds under the eyes. They need to be drawn too.” At that moment it became a real discovery for me - it turns out that if you look at something with all your attention, and not just scribble from memory, the object will reveal its new facets to us. You just need to add a few details and the eye starts to look completely different. He becomes more alive, real.
Over the next few years, until I graduated from school, I drew a lot of self-portraits sitting in front of the mirror. And what bigger hand worked with a pencil, the better the result. Gradually, the drawing and the reflection in the mirror began to resemble each other, which was initially not observed at all. The longer I painted, the less doubt I had about choosing a profession. I definitely wanted to be.
In this lesson I want to show you how to draw realistic eyes, volume of eyeballs, pupil. If you understand the structure of the eye, then everything will become easier and more understandable.
The eye is based on a ball, which is hidden in a special hole in the skull (orbit). The ball cannot be illuminated evenly. Some part of it will be in the shadow, some in the light, and between light and shadow there is a territory of chiaroscuro. Accordingly, the white in front of the eyes (the white field around the colored circle) will not be uniformly white. Below I will demonstrate this more clearly.
The iris of the eye, the same one that can be green, blue, brown and in rare cases purple, is a rounded bulge extending beyond the eyeball. Accordingly, it will be unevenly illuminated. In fact, the iris does not stick out from the ball that much, but I exaggerated for clarity.
There is skin on top of the eyes that covers most of eyeball and forms folds - the upper and lower eyelids.
Want to learn how to draw a child's eyes? How are they different from the eyes of an adult? Look at the photo below. The iris of babies seems much larger in size than that of an adult. In fact, children have a smaller eye opening - the opening between the eyelids through which the eyeball is visible. Over time, as the child grows up, the incision will increase and the eyes will “grow up.” And, as a rule, children's eyes are wide open. They look at the world with surprise and do not judge anyone. Kids are simply saturated with information about the place in which they live.
Gradually, under the influence of society, a person’s character is formed. "Mirror of the Soul" acquires its special features. Some people have laughing eyes, others have stern ones. You drown in someone's eyes like in the sea. They are bottomless and attractive. But there are eyes that you want to turn away from and never look into them again, because there is nothing there except emptiness or malice.
We will draw big beautiful eyes. How to draw eyes step by step?
Draw 2 parallel lines and divide them into 3 equal segments. Why 3? The distance between the eyes is equal to the length of one eye. It may be a little more or a little less.
For most people, the inner corner of the eye is slightly lower than the upper corner. In other words, people's eyes are a little slanted. This “slantness” is most strongly expressed among the peoples of Asia - the Chinese, Japanese, Koreans, Mongols... However, it is also present among Europeans.
The inner corner of the eye is somewhat narrowed. Here is the so-called lacrimal caruncle - a small area pink color. Everyone's eye shape is very different. I draw the girl's rather large eyes.
We mark the area that will be occupied by the same tear caruncle on the inner corners of the eyes. Then we draw the iris in the form of a circle. As a rule, the iris is not completely visible. It is partially hidden under the upper eyelid. If you want to draw frightened eyes, which are filled with horror, do the opposite - hide part of the iris under the lower eyelid, and leave free space between the upper eyelid and the iris.
Now we draw the pupil exactly in the center of the iris. The size of the pupil depends on the light level. How brighter light, the smaller the pupil. In the dark, when a person peers somewhere, the pupil becomes 2 times larger. Draw the upper and lower eyelids. The shape and width of the eyelid is different for all people. In older people, the upper eyelid may become completely invisible due to overhanging brow ridges. The fold of the lower eyelid is not so noticeable, at least in young people. With age, all wrinkles become more pronounced.
In order for the eyes to look more expressive, they need a beautiful frame, or rather eyebrows. The distance between the eyebrows is greater than the length of the eye. The outer ends of the eyebrows extend beyond the outer corner of the eye. Of course, everyone’s eyebrows are different, but, as a rule, they are adjusted to modern canons of beauty with the help of cosmetics. In the Middle Ages, women shaved their eyebrows. Such a strange requirement of fashion... Perhaps in 100 years they will laugh at our ideas about beauty. Who knows...
In our drawing, the light will fall from the right. We mark the highlights on the iris. These are the lightest spots on the eyes. If you look at your eyes in the mirror, you will see how shiny they are. Why is the glare on the iris? Because the iris is the most convex area of the eye and receives the most light.
Now let's start shading the eyes. We take a sharpened HB pencil (hard-soft) and use neat strokes to fill in the entire drawing, except for the highlights in the eyes.
Gradually build up the tone by changing the direction of the stroke.
We darken the eyebrows, irises, upper and lower eyelids on the left (shadow) side.
We slightly darken the areas on the sides of the nose. We continue to darken the eyes and eyebrows layer by layer.
Now let's draw the eyelashes, some of which are shorter, others longer. We draw eyelashes with short strokes from their roots to the eyebrows.
Make the lash line on the upper eyelid darker. This will give your eyes expressiveness.
Now let's get to the fun part. Let's take a soft pencil (I used 5B) and darken several areas, namely the pupil in the middle of the eye, the iris, focusing special attention outer edges. We will also darken the eyelash line and the eyelashes themselves on the upper eyelid. Let's highlight the lower eyelashes a little. Let's also make the eyebrow a little darker. As you can see, the eye has come to life. The difference between the right and left parts of the picture is obvious.
Hello, dear friends!
Today we have a very interesting and important topic, we will learn how to draw a human eye. The eyes, as we know, are the mirror of the soul, the most eloquent and attractive part of a person’s face.
Structure
First, let's define the terminology, and to do this, let's look at the general simplified structure of the eye:
This diagram is not for studying anatomy, but for understanding the drawing technique; all the most important parts are indicated here.
How to draw an eye
Stages of creating a pencil sketch
At the beginning of the lesson, let's just try to do light sketch, step by step. We use a pencil. 
Now we will not delve into the nuances and features of the structure of the eyes.
How to draw eyes with a pencil:
- We indicate the shape of the eye by enclosing it within the frame of an angular figure. We will also show the folds above the upper and lower eyelids.
- We will refine the shape, make the lines smoother, and smooth out the corners. We outline the eyebrow, pupil and iris. Let us lightly indicate the thickness of the eyelid and the tear duct.
- We clarify the thickness of the eyelids, indicate the highlight on the iris, shade the dark pupil, and easily show the shadow under the upper eyelid on the sclera. Let's clarify the eyebrow a little.
- We add color and pattern to the iris, opposite the glare, a reflex light spot is formed on the iris. Add shadows to the round shape of the eyeball. Using strokes we shade the upper eyelid, highlight and clarify the fold above it.
- We detail it, clarify shadows and light, add eyelashes.
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Form
The eyeball is shaped like a ball, which is attached inside the eye socket. We see only part of this ball, covered by eyelids. When drawing an eye using any technique, you need to remember and understand that we show light and shadow in a spherical shape. 
The eyes covered by the eyelids are almond-shaped; this nut is most suitable for comparison. In essence, the eye is an oval with a pointed outer corner and a rounded inner corner. This oval, like an almond nut, is not symmetrical, this is their main similarity. Look, if you divide the eye with a horizontal line, and find the widest place in the upper and lower parts, then we will see that these points are in different parts oval 
At the top, the most high point will be closer to the lacrimal gland, and in the lower one - to the outer corner.
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Eyelids
The eyelids are not flat, they have a quite noticeable thickness, enveloping the round shape of the eyeball. If you look at the face in profile, the thickness of the eyelids is clearly visible. The lower eyelid is set deeper than the upper.
thickness is indicated in orange
The upper eyelid and eyelashes cast a shadow on the eyeball.
Eyeball without eye shadow and with shadow
The thickness of the lower eyelid is lighter than the upper eyelid because this part receives more light.
Fold
There is always a fold of skin above the upper eyelid that covers part of it. U different people this fold is formed in different ways, sometimes it hangs over the inner or outer part of the eye, and in Asians it completely covers the tear duct and the entire upper eyelid. 
The direction and shape of this fold will help you draw the eyes more correctly and accurately. 
Sleznik
In the inner corner of the eye there is a lacrimal caruncle - an elongated convex semi-oval. Special attention or there are no nuances in the image of this part of the eye, but without a teardrop, your drawing will look implausible. You can indicate it with a slight hint, or you can draw it down to details and veins, depending on the task at hand, but in no case do not forget about this important part of the eyes.
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Pupil and iris
The direction of gaze can be determined by the position of the pupil, and with it the iris. The pupil is a perfect dark circle; it is always located in the center of the iris circle.
In a calm position, the eyelids cover about 30 percent of the iris, and sometimes part of the pupil.
- To show widely open eyes, open most of the iris (more than 30%) or draw it completely.
- Closed, squinted eyelids reveal only a small part of the iris and pupil.
If we take a closer look at the eye in profile, we will see that:
The iris has a convex shape, similar to a bowl. The pupil is a completely flat black spot inside, it has no volume.
The illustration shows what the eye looks like in profile, the shape of the iris and the pupil. If you wear contact lenses, you understand perfectly well what this means. we're talking about. Don't draw the pupil at the edge of the iris.
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Glare and reflex
The glare will fall in a rounded shape, opposite the glare a reflex will form - a spot of diffused light. The glare is formed on the side where the light falls, and the reflex is on the opposite side.
Green indicates glare, and orange indicates reflex.
Eyelashes
Beautiful expressive eye You can also depict it without eyelashes, although it will be a little unnatural. Eyelashes are a detail that needs to be added at the very end of the work, when everything is ready and looks quite decent without them.
Let's see how it is and how not to outline eyelashes. 
Eyelashes are thick; at the base of the eyelid it is more noticeable than at the tips. Eyelashes have different lengths, and short ones are located next to the long eyelash. Naturally, for different people they come in different lengths and thicknesses, curled up or directed straight. If you want to highlight the eyelashes, don't draw them the same length and thickness.
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Directions and landmarks
The brow ridges and eyebrows protect our organ of vision from various external irritants, so they always rise above the eye, which is located in the depths. 
The eyebrow is always located above the eye, moving forward. The lower eyelid is slightly deeper than the upper. These directions must be followed, they are shown in red lines in the picture.
Proportions relative to the head
It is important not only to show the eyes beautifully, but also to place them correctly, observing the basic proportions of the person’s head.
We have already studied many rules in the previous lesson: how to draw a face. For example, how to find the eye line and determine their size.
How to draw human eyes:
The line of the eyes is in the middle of the head, the wings of the nose are on the same vertical axis with the teardrops
- To correctly place the eyes, draw a horizontal axis in the center of the head.
- The inner corners of the eyes are always on the same vertical line with the wings of the nose, no closer and no further (second part of the illustration).
I have already said that eyes and lips are the most important parts that a beginning artist needs to be able to draw on a person’s face. We have already depicted, now I will tell you how to draw a person’s eyes step by step with a pencil for beginners. Besides the fact that this is just part of the face, you need to understand that for each shape you need to depict different eyes. You also need to understand that the fullness of the eye and its color rendition can help you express your mood and mind. In fact, the eyes are the most difficult to draw, since they are mainly used to determine big picture. Has great value the pupil, eyelashes and corners of the eye, we will pay attention to these points and draw a more or less standard eye; novice artists usually train using this drawing.
We are drawing regular pencil, if we paint with colored paints, we will have to work even more, since color rendering is a difficult moment in the picture. I provide you with a master class on step by step drawing human eyes.
We immediately draw the lower eyelid, two lines, an elongated horizontal one and a small semi-vertical one.
Now there are a lot of elements to draw. On both eyelids we immediately draw a few eyelashes; it is very good if they are drawn casually, for naturalness. Above the right eyelid we draw a semi-arc to complete the eye. And the most important thing at this step is to mark the boundaries of the pupil, a vertical arc on the right and a vertical arc on the left. On the left we even draw a small bulge, it is needed to diversify the eye and the pupil in particular.
Then we need to draw the pupil. On the left we make another arc, and it looks like the letter B. We draw a circle and in it another circle, sketch the central one. We also sketch the upper part of the pupil. And in the very central part it leaves a miniature oval not sketched. The direction of the lines with which we sketch parts of the eye is very important; they should be directed towards different sides. For example, in the center of the pupil it is vertical, and just above the lines look diagonally down to the right.
Lightly draw all the lines of the eye and use very thin lines to sketch out the empty part of the pupil.
Eyes are the mirror of the soul of any character. Therefore, by correctly depicting the eyes, you can not only convey the mood, but also the character of the hero. With just the eyes you can make both a negative and a positive character.
We recently studied with you, and we made this lesson in addition to the lesson "". The naturalness of the image depends on how you depict the eyes in a portrait. Therefore, if you are a beginner artist, we advise you to first figure out how to draw eyes with a pencil, and then start drawing the entire portrait.
Be able to draw classic woman's eye without unnecessary emotions is very important. Once you learn how to display such a drawing, you will be able to draw more serious expressions. 
The superhero's eye is always on alert! It's wide open and has a lot of glare. This is the eye of the interested character. Shadows and highlights will add volume and realism to any eye. Their correct location can save even a not entirely successful drawing. 
The eye, drawn by the artist’s hand, makes a colossal impression. And all because of the correct anatomy. All internal tissues and muscles of the eye are drawn correctly. 
It is very important to be able to draw not only eyes looking straight ahead, but also at a certain angle. For example, when looking up, the pupil reaches its maximum position, and the iris rolls behind the upper eyelid. 
Wide open eyes inherent in a child or a young naive girl. With the help of such eyes, create the right image. 
A frown is characteristic of capricious and daring heroines, or those who are overly self-confident. Therefore, try not to overdo it if you want to add just a little menacingness. 
A difficult viewing angle is always a challenge, because the crystal of the eye requires volume, which is quite difficult to depict. 
The eye in profile has quite interesting view. As you can see, you first need to draw the eyeball itself, and only then surround it with eyelids. Don't try to press your eyelids too tightly. 
The view from below is quite exciting. Here it is important not to overdo it with long eyelashes and curved lines. Don't forget to distort the crystal a little.
And painting, to depict eyes, then, most likely, he will draw two ovals with a circle in the center. This is precisely the simplest sketch of the eyes. But in order to understand how to draw eyes with a pencil correctly, you need to carefully consider each individual part.
What you need to know about eyes?
It is necessary to carefully consider the subject of your interest before asking yourself the question of how to draw eyes with a pencil. For beginners, the structure of the organ of vision and the ratio of light and shadow on the iris will seem unusually complex, but you have to start somewhere.
The darkest part of the eyes is the pupil, which is a black circle in the center of the eye. The iris is located around the pupil; it determines the color of the eyes. If you look closely at the iris, it will seem very complex - a lot of shadows and highlights, some lines, spots and an incredible variety of shades. It is very difficult to convey this complexity in a pencil drawing; without the correct balance of dark and light, the eyes will look flat and lifeless.
It is important to remember about the shape of the eyeball - it is a ball, and that is why the shadow and highlights on it are unevenly located. To prevent the eye from losing realistic volume, you need to learn how to apply strokes correctly. Below is an instruction explaining how to draw eyes with a pencil step by step. For this you will need paper and pencils. different hardness and thickness, eraser and pressed cardboard blender.
Step 1 - sketch
Drawing an eye with a pencil for beginners starts with drawing an outline. We need to depict a minimum of details, but in such a way that the shape of the eye, pupil, iris and main highlights are visible. It is important to avoid deep fat contours, as they are difficult to get rid of later.
Paint over the pupil soft pencil, 6-8B. It is better to apply several layers than to press hard on the pencil. We try not to touch the glare, because they should remain almost white.
Then, with a softer pencil, for example, 2-4B, we easily paint over the outer part of the iris. We smooth out the strokes with a cardboard blender so that we get a smooth, light layer of graphite.
Step 2 - adding details
Are you thinking about how to draw eyes with a pencil in the most realistic way? A simple and very short key to success is the word “details”. They are very important in any pencil drawing, because with their help not only texture is conveyed, but also color, depth and shape of objects.
On the shaded part of the iris we draw lines using a thin hard stylus. A mechanical pencil is perfect for this purpose. The more random the lines, the more natural the result. We will use them as a guide when applying shadows and highlights.
Using the same hard pencil, we easily paint over the middle part of the iris, right around the pupil. Don't forget to carefully avoid round highlights. Smooth using a blender finishing touches, simultaneously mixing them with the border of the pupil. This will add depth and realism to the pupil.
Add a little shadow to the middle part of the iris of our eye. We try to make these shadows random and uneven.
Step 3 - smooth out the details
Using a blender, draw straight lines from the pupil to the border of the iris, while avoiding glare. As soon as the lines are evenly spaced, you can roughly see the future application of shadows and highlights.
We draw an outline around the iris with a 4B pencil, trying not to put pressure on the lead, this makes it harder to erase it if necessary.
Using a nag, we determine the first reflections of light around the pupil. To apply them correctly, you need to determine from which side the light is falling, that is, which part of the iris will be darker and which will be lighter. Accordingly, there should be more reflections on the light part.
Step 4 - finishing the iris
When thinking about how to draw eyes with a pencil, we subconsciously divide the whole process into stages and try to predict the most difficult of them. So, working on the iris is the most the hard part. It is almost impossible to provide a sufficient number of highlights, their intensity and contrast with the shadows.
Using a blender, smooth out the highlights and shadows so that they smoothly transition into each other. If the result seems too light, add a little more shadow. Now we smooth out the boundaries of the pupil so that they blend a little with the middle part of the iris. The border between the middle and outer parts of the iris of our eye should be slightly darkened.
Using a soft pencil, make the outer border of the iris a little darker, from the contour inward. We try to do this unevenly, creating an uneven, trembling circle. The outer side of the circle should not be much darker than the inner one, and it is best to smooth out the borders.
Using a nag, we add unevenly spaced reflections of light along the perimeter of the border of the inner and outer parts of the iris. You can add subtler highlights coming from the pupil itself. The main thing is not to overdo it.
Step 5 - whites of the eyes and eyelid
I'm done with the iris. However, this is not the whole answer to the question of how to draw eyes with a pencil. Of course, you can also play with shadows and highlights to improve the texture and depth of the iris. However, now we are taking on adding volume to the visible part of the eyeball. To do this, apply a layer of graphite with light strokes to the top of the proteins. Using a blender, smooth out the strokes. For the eyeball, it is very important to convey the shape of the circle; for this we add strokes to the corners of the eyes. The part of the proteins that is illuminated by light rays should be significantly lighter than the opposite part. It is necessary to leave an unpainted corner on the inner edge of the eye; it will help convey the texture and volume of the inner eyelid.
Now we unevenly darken the contour of the lower eyelid and deepen the shadow of the upper part of the eye. We draw the upper eyelid, into which part of the iris goes, quite dark and clearly. We also highlight the fold of the upper eyelid with relatively dark strokes.
On the round highlights in the very center of the iris we add a reflection of future eyelashes, draw them with a soft pencil, unevenly and towards the center of the pupil. After that very hard pencil, for example, 4H, apply a light fixing layer over the entire iris. Using the same pencil, draw uneven capillaries from the corners of the eye to the center. We draw them very subtly, but clearly, giving them the shape of cracks or lightning strikes. Add shadows to the upper and lower eyelids.
Step 6 - eyelashes
Lastly, add the eyelashes. When thinking about how to draw eyes with a pencil, many consider drawing eyelashes the most difficult stage process, because they are so small and uneven. In fact, the process only takes a few minutes. The eyelashes should be on top of all layers, so they are drawn last. The shape, length and thickness of the eyelashes are uneven, this is what adds realism to the eyes. The main thing is to show the bend correctly.
Lastly, add thin lower eyelashes. They should not only be thinner, but also lighter, so it is best to use a 2H pencil. Just like the upper eyelashes, the lower eyelashes are not straight, so it is important to correctly convey their curve.
Here is the answer to the question of how to draw eyes with a pencil step by step. At first glance, it seems complicated and time-consuming, but the more often we draw, the easier the process becomes, and the better the final result. Don't worry if it doesn't turn out as well as you expected the first time. The first pancake is always lumpy. The main thing is not to despair and continue to draw.
