Affairs of long-gone days of deep antiquity. “The legends of deep antiquity, the affairs of bygone days...
For you, the soul of my queen,
Beauties, for you alone
Tales of times gone by,
During golden leisure hours,
Under the whisper of chatty old times,
I wrote with a faithful hand;
Please accept my playful work!
Without demanding anyone's praise,
I am already happy with sweet hope,
What a maiden with the trembling of love
Maybe he'll look furtively
To my sinful songs.
There is a green oak near the Lukomorye;
Golden chain on the oak tree:
Day and night the cat is a scientist
Everything goes round and round in a chain;
He goes to the right - the song starts,
To the left - he tells a fairy tale.
There are miracles there: a goblin wanders there,
The mermaid sits on the branches;
There on unknown paths
Traces of unprecedented animals;
There's a hut there on chicken legs
It stands without windows, without doors;
There the forest and valley are full of visions;
There the waves will rush in at dawn
The beach is sandy and empty,
And thirty beautiful knights
From time to time clear waters emerge,
And their sea uncle is with them;
The prince is there in passing
Captivates the formidable king;
There in the clouds in front of the people
Through the forests, across the seas
The sorcerer carries the hero;
In the dungeon there the princess is grieving,
And the brown wolf serves her faithfully;
There is a stupa with Baba Yaga
She walks and wanders by herself;
There, King Kashchei is wasting away over gold;
There's a Russian spirit... it smells like Russia!
And there I was, and I drank honey;
I saw a green oak by the sea;
The cat was sitting under him, a scientist
He told me his fairy tales.
I remember one: this fairy tale
Now I will tell the world...
Song one
Things have been going on for a long time days gone by,
Deep legends of antiquity.
In the crowd of mighty sons,
With friends, in the high grid
Vladimir the sun feasted;
He gave away his youngest daughter
For the brave prince Ruslan
And honey from a heavy glass
I drank to their health.
Our ancestors did not eat soon,
It didn't take long to move around
Ladles, silver bowls
With boiling beer and wine.
They poured joy into my heart,
Foam hissed around the edges,
It is important that the teacups wore them
And they bowed low to the guests.
Speeches merged into indistinct noise;
A cheerful circle of guests buzzes;
But suddenly a pleasant voice was heard
And the sound of the harp is a fluent sound;
Everyone fell silent and listened to Bayan:
And the sweet singer praises
Lyudmila-precious and Ruslana
And Lelem made a crown for him.
But, tired of ardent passion,
Ruslan, in love, does not eat or drink;
He looks at his dear friend,
Sighs, gets angry, burns
And, pinching my mustache with impatience,
Counts every moment.
In despondency, with a cloudy brow,
At a noisy wedding table
Three young knights are sitting;
Silent, behind an empty bucket,
Forgot the circular cups,
And the trash is unpleasant to them;
They do not hear the prophetic Bayan;
They looked down, embarrassed:
Those are three rivals of Ruslan;
The unfortunate are hidden in the soul
Love and hate are poison.
One - Rogdai, brave warrior,
Pushing the limits with a sword
Rich Kyiv fields;
The other is Farlaf, an arrogant screamer,
In feasts, not defeated by anyone,
But the warrior is humble among swords;
The last one, full of passionate thought,
Young Khazar Khan Ratmir:
All three are pale and gloomy,
And a merry feast is not a feast for them.
Here it is over; stand in rows
Mixed in noisy crowds,
And everyone looks at the young people:
The bride lowered her eyes
As if my heart was depressed,
And the joyful groom shines.
But the shadow embraces all nature,
It’s already close to midnight; it’s deaf;
The boyars, dozing off from honey,
With a bow they went home.
The groom is delighted, in ecstasy:
He caresses in the imagination
The beauty of a shy maid;
But with secret, sad tenderness
Grand Duke blessing
Gives a young couple.
And here is the young bride
Lead to the marriage bed;
The lights went out... and the night
Lel lights the lamp.
Sweet hopes have come true,
Gifts are being prepared for love;
Jealous robes will fall
On Constantinople carpets...
Do you hear the loving whisper,
And the sweet sound of kisses,
And an intermittent murmur
The last timidity?.. Spouse
Feels delight in advance;
And then they came... Suddenly
Thunder struck, light flashed in the fog,
The lamp goes out, the smoke runs out,
Everything around is dark, everything is trembling,
And Ruslan’s soul froze...
Everything fell silent. In the menacing silence
A strange voice was heard twice,
And someone in the smoky depths
Soared blacker than the foggy darkness...
And again the tower is empty and quiet;
The frightened groom stands up
Cold sweat rolls off your face;
Trembling, with a cold hand
He asks the mute darkness...
About grief: there is no dear friend!
The air is empty;
Lyudmila is not in the thick darkness,
Abducted by an unknown force.
Oh, if love is a martyr
Suffering hopelessly from passion,
Even though life is sad, my friends,
However, it is still possible to live.
But after many, many years
Hug your loving friend
The object of desires, tears, longing,
And suddenly a minute wife
Lose forever... oh friends,
Of course, it would be better if I died!
However, unhappy Ruslan is alive.
But what did he say Grand Duke?
Suddenly struck by a terrible rumor,
I became angry at my son-in-law,
He convenes him and the court:
“Where, where is Lyudmila?” - asks
With a terrible, fiery brow.
Ruslan doesn't hear. “Children, friends!
I remember my previous achievements:
Oh, have mercy on the old man!
Tell me which one of you agrees
Jump after my daughter?
Whose feat will not be in vain,
Therefore, suffer, cry, villain!
He couldn’t save his wife! -
To him I will give her as a wife
With half the kingdom of my great-grandfathers.
Who will volunteer, children, friends?..”
"I!" - said the sad groom.
"I! I! - exclaimed with Rogdai
Farlaf and joyful Ratmir. -
Now we saddle our horses;
We are happy to travel all over the world.
Our Father, let us not prolong the separation;
Don’t be afraid: we’re going for the princess.”
And gratefully dumb
In tears he stretches out his hands to them
An old man, exhausted by melancholy.
All four go out together;
Ruslan was killed by despondency;
Thought of the Lost Bride
It torments and kills him.
They sit on zealous horses;
Along the banks of the Dnieper happy
They fly in swirling dust;
Already hiding in the distance;
The riders are no longer visible...
But he still looks for a long time
Grand Duke in an empty field
And the thought flies after them.
Ruslan languished silently,
Having lost both meaning and memory.
Looking over your shoulder arrogantly
And it’s important to put your arms akimbo, Farlaf,
Pouting, he groaned for Ruslan.
He says: “I force
I've broken free, friends!
Well, will I soon meet the giant?
Surely blood will flow,
These are the victims of jealous love!
Have fun, my faithful sword,
Have fun, my zealous horse!”
Khazar Khan, in his mind
Already hugging Lyudmila,
Almost dancing over the saddle;
The blood in him is young,
The look is full of fire of hope:
Then he gallops at full speed,
It teases the dashing runner,
It circles, rears up,
Ile boldly rushes to the hills again.
Rogday is gloomy, silent - not a word...
Fearing an unknown fate
And tormented by vain jealousy,
He is the most worried
And often his gaze is terrible
He looks gloomily at the prince.
Rivals on the same road
Everyone travels together all day.
The Dnieper became dark and sloping;
The shadow of the night pours from the east;
The fogs over the Dnieper are deep;
It's time for their horses to rest.
There's a wide path under the mountain
A wide path crossed.
“Let’s leave, it’s time! - they said -
Let us entrust ourselves to the unknown fate.”
And every horse, not smelling steel,
By will, I chose the path for myself.
What are you doing, Ruslan, unhappy,
Alone in desert silence?
Lyudmila, the wedding day is terrible,
It seems like you saw everything in a dream.
Pushing the copper helmet over his eyebrows,
Leaving the reins from powerful hands,
You're walking between the fields,
And slowly in your soul
Hope dies, faith fades.
But suddenly there was a cave in front of the knight;
There is light in the cave. He's straight to her
Walks under the dormant arches,
Contemporaries of nature itself.
He entered with despondency: what is he seeing?
There is an old man in the cave; clear view,
Calm gaze, gray hair;
The lamp in front of him is burning;
He sits behind an ancient book,
Reading it carefully.
“Welcome, my son! -
He said with a smile to Ruslan. -
I've been here alone for twenty years
In the darkness of the old life I wither;
But finally I waited for the day
Long foreseen by me.
We are brought together by fate;
Sit down and listen to me.
Ruslan, you have lost Lyudmila;
Your strong spirit is losing strength;
But a quick moment of evil will fly by:
For a while, fate befell you.
With hope, cheerful faith
Go for everything, don’t be discouraged;
Forward! with a sword and a bold chest
Make your way to midnight.
Find out, Ruslan: your insulter
The terrible wizard Chernomor,
Longtime thief of beauties,
Full owner of the mountains.
No one else in his abode
Until now the gaze has not penetrated;
But you, destroyer of evil machinations,
You will enter it, and the villain
He will die by your hand.
I don't have to tell you anymore:
The fate of your coming days,
My son, from now on it is your will.”
Our knight fell at the feet of the old man
And in joy he kisses his hand.
The world brightens before his eyes,
And the heart forgot the torment.
He came to life again; and suddenly again
There is a sadness on the flushed face...
“The reason for your melancholy is clear;
But sadness is not difficult to disperse, -
The old man said, “You are terrible.”
Love of a gray-haired sorcerer;
Calm down, know: it is in vain
And the young maiden is not afraid.
He brings down the stars from the sky,
He whistles and the moon trembles;
But against the time of the law
His science is not strong.
Jealous, reverent guardian
Locks of merciless doors,
He's just a weak torturer
Your lovely captive.
He silently wanders around her,
Curses his cruel lot...
But, good knight, the day passes,
But you need peace.”
Ruslan lies down on soft moss
Before the dying fire;
He is looking for sleep,
Sighs, turns slowly...
In vain! Knight finally:
“I can’t sleep, my father!
What to do: I am sick at heart,
And it’s not a dream, how sickening it is to live.
Let me refresh my heart
Your holy conversation.
Forgive my impertinent question.
Open up: who are you, blessed one,
An incomprehensible confidant of fate?
Who brought you to the desert?
Sighing with a sad smile,
The old man replied: “Dear son,
I've already forgotten my distant homeland
Gloomy edge. Natural Finn,
In the valleys known to us alone,
Chasing the herd from the surrounding villages,
In my carefree youth I knew
Some dense oak groves,
Streams, caves of our rocks
Yes, wild poverty is fun.
But to live in gratifying silence
It didn't last long for me.
Then, near our village,
Like a sweet color of solitude,
Naina lived. Between friends
She thundered with beauty.
One morning
Their herds on the dark meadow
I drove on, blowing the bagpipes;
There was a stream in front of me.
Alone, young beauty
I was making a wreath on the shore.
I was attracted by my destiny...
Ah, knight, it was Naina!
I go to her - and the fatal flame
I was rewarded for my daring gaze,
And I recognized love in my soul
With her heavenly joy,
With her painful melancholy.
Half of the year has flown away;
I opened up to her with trepidation,
He said: I love you, Naina.
But my timid sorrow
Naina listened with pride,
Loving only your charms,
And she answered indifferently:
“Shepherd, I don’t love you!”
And everything became wild and gloomy for me:
Native bush, shade of oak trees,
Merry games of shepherds -
Nothing consoled the melancholy.
In despondency, the heart became dry and sluggish.
And finally I thought
Leave Finnish fields;
Seas of faithless depths
Swim across with a brotherly squad
And deserve the glory of abuse
Naina's proud attention.
I called the brave fishermen
Look for dangers and gold.
For the first time quiet region fathers
I heard the swearing sound of damask steel
And the noise of non-peaceful shuttles.
I sailed into the distance, full of hope,
With a crowd of fearless countrymen;
We are ten years of snow and waves
They were stained with the blood of enemies.
Rumor spread: the kings of a foreign land
They were afraid of my insolence;
Their proud squads
The northern swords fled.
We had fun, we fought menacingly,
They shared tributes and gifts,
And they sat down with the vanquished
For friendly feasts.
But a heart full of Naina,
Under the noise of battle and feasts,
I was languishing in secret sorrow,
Searched for the Finnish coast.
It's time to go home, I said, friends!
Let's hang up the idle chain mail
Under the shadow of my native hut.
He said - and the oars rustled:
And, leaving fear behind,
To the Gulf of the Fatherland dear
We flew in with proud joy.
Long-time dreams have come true,
Ardent wishes have come true!
A minute of sweet goodbye
And you sparkled for me!
At the feet of the haughty beauty
I brought a bloody sword,
Corals, gold and pearls;
Before her, intoxicated with passion,
Surrounded by a silent swarm
Her envious friends
I stood as an obedient prisoner;
But the maiden hid from me,
Saying with an air of indifference:
"Hero, I don't love you!"
Why tell me, my son,
What is there no power to retell?
Ah, and now alone, alone,
Soul asleep, at the door of the grave,
I remember sorrow, and sometimes,
How a thought is born about the past,
By my gray beard
A heavy tear rolls down.
But listen: in my homeland
Between the desert fishermen
Wonderful science lurks.
Under the roof of eternal silence,
Among the forests, in the distant wilderness
Gray-haired sorcerers live;
To objects of high wisdom
All their thoughts are directed;
Everyone hears their terrible voice,
What happened and what will happen again,
And they are subject to their formidable will
And the coffin and love itself.
And I, a greedy seeker of love,
Decided in joyless sadness
Attract Naina with charms
And in the proud heart of a cold maiden
Ignite love with magic.
Hastened into the arms of freedom,
Into the lonely darkness of the forests;
And there, in the teachings of sorcerers,
Spent invisible years.
The long-awaited moment has come,
And the terrible secret of nature
I realized with bright thoughts:
I learned the power of spells.
The crown of love, the crown of desires!
Now, Naina, you are mine!
The victory is ours, I thought.
But really the winner
There was rock, my persistent persecutor.
In dreams of young hope,
In the delight of ardent desire,
I cast spells hastily,
I call the spirits - and in the darkness of the forest
The arrow rushed like thunder,
The magic whirlwind raised a howl,
The ground shook under my feet...
And suddenly he sits in front of me
The old woman is decrepit, gray-haired,
Sparkling with sunken eyes,
With a hump, with a shaking head,
A picture of sad disrepair.
Ah, knight, it was Naina!..
I was horrified and silent
With his eyes the terrible ghost measured,
Still didn't believe in doubt
And suddenly he began to cry and shout:
“Is it possible! oh, Naina, is it you!
Naina, where is your beauty?
Tell me, is heaven really
Have you been changed so badly?
Tell me, how long has it been since you left the light?
Have I parted with my soul and my sweetheart?
How long ago?..” – “Exactly forty years,”
There was a fatal answer from the maiden, -
Today I hit seventy.
“What should I do,” she squeaks to me, “
The years flew by in a crowd.
My, your spring has passed -
We both managed to grow old.
But, friend, listen: it doesn’t matter
Loss of unfaithful youth.
Of course, I'm gray now,
A little hunchbacked, maybe;
Not like in the old days,
Not so alive, not so sweet;
But (added the chatterbox)
I’ll tell you a secret: I’m a witch!”
And it really was like that.
Mute, motionless in front of her,
I was a complete fool
With all my wisdom.
But here's something terrible: witchcraft
Unfortunately, it came to pass.
My gray deity
There was a new passion for me.
Curling his terrible mouth into a smile,
Freak with a grave voice
He mumbles a confession of love to me.
Imagine my suffering!
I trembled, looking down;
She continued through her cough.
Heavy, passionate conversation:
“So, now I recognize the heart;
I see, true friend, it
Born for tender passion;
Feelings have awakened, I'm burning,
I'm yearning for love...
Come into my arms...
Oh darling, darling! I'm dying..."
And meanwhile she, Ruslan,
She blinked with languid eyes;
And meanwhile for my caftan
She held herself with her skinny arms;
And meanwhile I was dying,
I closed my eyes in horror;
And suddenly I couldn’t stand the urine;
I broke out screaming and ran.
She followed: “Oh, unworthy!
You have disturbed my calm age,
The days are bright for the innocent maiden!
You have achieved Naina's love,
And you despise - these are men!
They all breathe treason!
Alas, blame yourself;
He seduced me, wretched one!
I gave myself up to passionate love...
Traitor, monster! oh shame!
But tremble, maiden thief!
So we parted. From now on
Living in my solitude
With a disappointed soul;
And in the world there is consolation for the old man
Nature, wisdom and peace.
The grave is already calling me;
But the feelings are the same
The old lady hasn't forgotten yet
And flames later than love
Turned from frustration into anger.
Loving evil with a black soul,
The old witch, of course,
He will hate you too;
But grief on earth does not last forever.”
Our knight greedily listened
Stories of the Elder; clear eyes
I didn’t fall into a light nap
And a quiet flight of the night
I didn't hear it in deep thought.
But the day shines radiantly...
With a sigh the grateful knight
Volume of the old sorcerer;
The soul is full of hope;
Gets out. Legs squeezed
Ruslan of the neighing horse,
He recovered in the saddle and whistled.
"My father, do not leave me."
And gallops across the empty meadow.
Gray-haired sage to a young friend
Shouts after: “ Happy journey!
Forgive, love your wife,
Don’t forget the elder’s advice!”
Lesson objectives:
- consolidation of the studied material on the topic;
- generalization of knowledge about genre diversity literary heritage A.S. Pushkin;
- determining the principle of Pushkin’s choice of historical subjects as the basis for his works;
- operating with literary concepts;
- practicing basic monologue response skills.
Lesson progress
The lesson takes the form of a puzzle literary crossword, drawn on paper and mounted on a regular board, but it is possible to use an interactive board. (Fig. 1)
Lesson structure.
1. The teacher's word.
Today we have final lesson based on the works of A.S. Pushkin. Today we will find out how well you have mastered this material. The crossword puzzle that you see in front of you will help us with this.
But first, let's remember what unites the works of A.S. Pushkin, which we studied this year?
(Pushkin's works are united by an interest in the history of his country and a desire to comprehend modernity through history..)
Yes, summarizing your answers, we can say that we were talking about matters of bygone days. And in the topic of today’s lesson we will bring out the words of A.S. Pushkin “Deeds of days gone by, legends of deep antiquity...” (Presentation)
By the way, tell me from which work by A.S. Is this quote taken from Pushkin?
From the poem “Ruslan and Lyudmila”.
2. Yes, indeed, this is so. Our crossword puzzle encrypts the names of three characters, the heroes of this poem, Pushkin’s very first poem. Let's try to guess them.
The first is the name of the main character of the poem. Ruslan.
The second is the name of Ruslan’s main rival, who fought him in a duel. Rogdai.
Do you remember the names of Ruslan’s other rivals? Ratmir and Farlaf.
“Ruslan and Lyudmila” is a fairy tale poem, it features a witch, a living head, and a dwarf, but the action of this poem takes place during the reign of a real, very famous prince.
– What is his name and what is he known for?
Vladimir the Red Sun is known for baptizing Rus'.
3. But in his work A.S. Pushkin also turned to earlier times in the history of Rus'. What work do you think reflected this time, the time before the baptism of Rus'?
– The name of the main character is encrypted here. Oleg. “Song about the prophetic Oleg.”
– Do you remember in what genre this work was written? Ballad.
– What are the features of this genre?
a) tense plot,
b) the hero’s conflict with fate,
c) contains a moral lesson and has an instructive meaning,
d) written in poetic form.
– What dear, important thought did Pushkin put into the mouth of the magician?
Independence of the poet-prophet.
Reading by heart an excerpt from “Song...”.
– Remember where Pushkin got the plot for the ballad “Song of the Prophetic Oleg”?
Pushkin took as a basis the legend recorded in The Tale of Bygone Years.
– Who created this work? Monk of the Kiev-Pechersk Monastery Nestor the Chronicler.
4. And in which work of Pushkin is the image of the chronicler depicted? What is the genre of this work?
The tragedy “Boris Godunov”.
– What was the name of the chronicler of the tragedy? Pimen.
– How did Pimen feel about his work? Find the answer in the text.
The duty bequeathed by God has been fulfilled
To me, a sinner...
– What are the main qualities, according to Pimen, should a chronicler have?
He must be truthful, honest, independent, impartial.
– How does Pushkin achieve the impartiality of his hero?
Pushkin worked a lot on the word, first there was a line.
“Another TERRIBLE legend”, and then “Another LAST legend”, at first there was condemnation, then indifference.
– Within the walls of which monastery do these words sound:
Boris, Boris! Everything trembles before you,
No one dares to remind you
About the lot of the unfortunate baby, -
Meanwhile, the hermit in a dark cell
Here a terrible denunciation of you writes:
And you will not escape the judgment of the world,
How can you not escape God's judgment!
Miracles Monastery.
Slide 2 .
The Chudov Monastery, founded in 1365 by Metropolitan Alexei, was located on the territory of the Kremlin. It received its name from the Church of the Miracle of Archangel Michael. It was demolished during the reconstruction of the Kremlin in the 30s of the 20th century.
-Who says these words? What is this person's name? What is his future fate? Grigory Otrepiev.
– What phrase ends the tragedy “Boris Godunov”? What does it mean?
“The people are silent.”
5. To whom did Pushkin dedicated the lines in the poem “Stanzas”:
Now an academician, now a hero,
Either a sailor or a carpenter,
He is an all-encompassing soul
The eternal worker was on the throne.
These lines are dedicated to Peter I.
-Where do we write this name?
- In what other Pushkin's works Peter I acts?
1826 – poem “Stanzas”.
1827 – unfinished novel “Arap of Peter the Great”.
1828 – poem “Poltava”.
1833 – poem “ Bronze Horseman”.
1835 – poem “The Feast of Peter the Great”.
1832–1837 – historical work “The History of Peter I”.
– Why does Pushkin’s special relationship with Peter not weaken?
We analyzed with you an episode from the poem “Poltava” “The Battle of Poltava”
– What compositional technique is this episode based on? Antithesis.
– How does Peter I appear before us on the pages of the poem “Poltava”? Who is Peter I compared to? How is this given in the text?
To reveal the image of Peter I, Pushkin uses an antithesis, contrasting Charles 12 with him. Peter is “all like God’s thunderstorm,” “his movements are fast,” “he rushed in front of the shelves.” He embodies the strength and energy of the young Russian state. And Charles XII, on the contrary, is “pale, motionless,” “carried by faithful servants in a rocking chair.”
The introduction to the poem “The Bronze Horseman” is a hymn to Peter the Transformer, the reformer.
Reading a passage by heart.
6. Now try to guess last words in the crossword. This is the name of the main character of Pushkin's unfinished novel, which we read in the 6th grade. What can you say about this hero?
7. Summing up:
Having solved this crossword puzzle, we once again saw that all the works of Pushkin that we met this year are united by the poet’s sincere, deep interest in the history of his country.
– Why is Pushkin so concerned about the pages of the history of the Fatherland, why does he turn to them so often in his work?
8. Homework. Compose your own crossword puzzle (on pieces of paper) based on the works of Pushkin.
"Things of days gone by..."
- The embodiment of the idea of the victory of good over evil in M. Glinka’s opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila”.
- Introduction to the aria genre.
- Ruslan's aria as an important dramatic number of the opera: a change in states from gloomy to victorious, decisive.
Musical material:
- M. Glinka. Bayan's chant; Ruslan's aria from the opera "Ruslan and Lyudmila" (listening);
- M. Glinka. March of Chernomor from the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila” (listening at the request of the teacher);
- M. Glinka. Overture from the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila” (listening at the request of the teacher);
- E. Ptichkin, poems by M. Plyatskovsky. “Russian hut” (singing).
Description of activities:
- Correlate the artistic and figurative content of a musical work with the form of its embodiment.
- Apply knowledge of fixed assets musical expressiveness when analyzing the listened work.
- To express in color embodiment an emotional attitude towards an artistic image.
Theaters are different. Most often in theater performances actors participate who go on stage to the audience and begin to speak their text and play their roles. You all probably know and love puppet theater, where puppets give performances instead of living people. Such a puppet theater comes to visit you every evening in the TV show “ Good night, kids!
And there is a theater in which all performances are staged using music. And the actors don’t speak there, but sing and dance to the music. This kind of theater is called musical theater.
- What types of musical performance do you know? (Opera and ballet.)
- What is the name of a musical performance during which all its participants - the actors - do not speak, but sing? (Opera.)
- What are the performers called? vocal parts? (Singers.)
- Who else is involved in the production of the present opera performance? (Symphony orchestra, chorus)
Yes, this is what the show is called a beautiful word"opera". Often the plot of an opera is a fairy tale. The heroes end up at the bottom of the sea, then in a magical fairy-tale forest, then in an enchanted kingdom...
There is a green oak near the Lukomorye;
Golden chain on the oak tree:
Both day and night the cat is a scientist
Everything goes round and round in a chain;
He goes to the right - the song starts,
To the left - he tells a fairy tale.
There are miracles there: a goblin wanders there,
The mermaid sits on the branches;
There on unknown paths
Traces of unseen animals...
Lukomorye... (Lukomorye is a sea bay.) Music hall turned into a seashore. On the shore stood a mighty, thick oak tree. The water on the sea was agitated, and the splashes fell on the slow gray cat, who, jingling his heavy gold chain, walked importantly around the oak tree, purring a song. And among the dense foliage the pale face of a mermaid flashed. Instead of a braid, long green algae flowed over her shoulders, and either drops of water or tears glistened on her eyelashes... An unprecedented animal flashed through the thicket, leaving its traces on an unknown path...
How wonderfully Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin talks to us. He uses the most ordinary words, but his speech, his story become a living magical picture.
This is how A. Pushkin’s poem “Ruslan and Lyudmila” begins. (A poem is a large poetic work with a detailed plot.)
This fairy tale story became the plot of Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka’s opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila”.
You and I find ourselves in ancient Kyiv at a wedding feast visiting the legendary Prince Vladimir. He gives his daughter Lyudmila in marriage to the Russian hero Ruslan.
In the crowd of mighty sons,
With friends, in the high grid
Vladimir the sun feasted;
He gave away his youngest daughter
For the brave prince Ruslan
And honey from a heavy glass
I drank to their health.
Hearing at the request of the teacher: M. Glinka. Overture from the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila”
The attention of all guests is focused on the wonderful singer-storyteller - Bayan.
Who is Bayan?
Singer, storyteller, old gray-haired sage, predictor, historian. In a prophetic song, the prophetic Bayan predicts Ruslan and Lyudmila ordeals; but misfortunes will pass, and “a sign of joy, child of rain and light, the rainbow will rise again!”
He sings, accompanying himself on the harp - ancient Russian folk instrument. The golden strings fascinate listeners with their ringing sound. Calm movement, melodious melody and measured chords with accompaniment convey the concentration and solemnity of the narrative in the music. The light and soft sound of the voice alternates with instrumental performances.
Things of days gone by
Legends of deep antiquity!
About the glory of the Russian land,
Ring, golden strings.
Listening: M. Glinka. Bayan's chorus from the opera "Ruslan and Lyudmila"
In the midst of the wedding feast, darkness suddenly sets in. Thunderclaps are heard, and everyone present suddenly plunges into a strange stupor:
Thunder struck, light flashed in the fog,
The lamp goes out, the smoke runs out,
Everything around is dark, everything is trembling,
And Ruslan’s soul froze.
When it becomes light again, everyone sees with horror that Lyudmila has disappeared. It was the wizard Chernomor who kidnapped her and took her to his enchanted castle.
Hearing at the request of the teacher: M. Glinka. March of Chernomor from the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila”
Brave Ruslan goes in search of her. In order to find Lyudmila, Ruslan will have to meet and fight enemies. On his way he will meet the evil sorceress Naina and the good Finn, and meet the Head of the Hero...
Composer M. Glinka paints us a portrait of the hero Ruslan. This prince appears before us as strong, courageous, brave, ready for exploits.
... In search of Lyudmila, Ruslan finds himself in a deserted field containing traces of a long-past battle. Sorrowful thoughts engulf him:
With a sigh the knight surrounds himself
He looks with sad eyes.
"Oh field, field,
Who littered you with dead bones?”
These verses formed the basis of Ruslan's aria.
Listening: M. Glinka. Ruslan's aria "About the field, the field..." from the opera "Ruslan and Lyudmila"
An aria is an opera fragment performed by one singer accompanied by an orchestra.
The heavy and gloomy intonations of the aria give way to decisive and victorious ones. Ruslan understands: only courage and bravery will help him defeat his evil enemies.
Ruslan is portrayed in the opera not only as the savior of Lyudmila, but also as the defender of the Russian land from the forces of evil. Ruslan defeats his enemies and frees Lyudmila from the magic spell. And we are again in Kyiv at Prince Vladimir’s wedding feast.
Good things are followed by sorrows,
Sadness is the key to joy!
Music took us to the distant past. She helped us touch our history, our heroic past.
In this opera, the composer divides all the characters into good and evil. For the good and noble, he composed beautiful song music. These include Ruslan, Lyudmila, and the singer-storyteller Bayan. These characters theme song sing-song, with beautiful, memorable melodies. And with evil heroes In his opera, the composer played a kind of musical joke - he did not give them vocal parts. For example, for one such heroine - the evil sorceress Naina - he composed music that is almost all sung in one sound. For the kidnapper of Princess Lyudmila, the evil wizard Chernomor, Glinka did not create vocal music: all of Chernomor’s actions are conveyed only by orchestral music.
- What is opera? ( Musical performance, where everyone sings.)
- What plot is the opera based on? (Based on the poem by A. S. Pushkin “Ruslan and Lyudmila.”)
- What words begin A. S. Pushkin’s poem “Ruslan and Lyudmila”? (“Near Lukomorye there is a green oak…”)
- What is Lukomorie? (Sea Bay.)
- What event does the opera begin with? (From the wedding of Ruslan and Lyudmila.)
- What's happening on wedding feast? (The evil wizard Chernomor kidnaps Lyudmila, and Ruslan goes in search of her.)
- What excerpts from the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila” by composer M. Glinka did you listen to today?
- What was the character of this music?
Questions and tasks:
- What is the character of the Bayan Chorus? How do you think. Why does the Chorus sound leisurely and majestic?
- What sound musical instrument played in an orchestra?
- How do the means of musical expression help to “draw” the gloomy image of the “dead field”? What tempo did the composer choose? What registers are used? What are the dynamics?
- In the middle of the aria, the character of the music changes dramatically. What do you think this is connected with?
Presentation
Included:
1. Presentation, ppsx;
2. Sounds of music:
Glinka. Ruslana's aria from the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila”, mp3;
Glinka. March of Chernomor from the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila”, mp3;
Glinka. Bayan's song from the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila”, mp3;
Glinka. Overture from the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila”, mp3;
3. Accompanying article, docx.
The work uses unique illustrations of Palekh boxes.
Things of days gone by
Legends of deep antiquity
From the poem (first song) “Ruslan and Lyudmila” (1817-1820) by A. S. Pushkin (1799-1837). The lines represent Pushkin's translation of one of the "poems of Ossian" by the English writer James Macpherson (1736-1796):
A tale of the times of old!..
The deeds of days of other years!..
Allegorically about long-standing and unreliable events that few people remember (ironically).
These are the lines by A.S. Pushkin, I think, that will fit, like an epigraph, to the cycle of my stories “Our Arrival in Kazakhstan,” because my grandchildren can hardly believe in what difficult conditions the majority found themselves Soviet people V post-war years how difficult it was to restore the country's economy. The war destroyed not only cities, but also broke families and the psyche of people... But only perseverance and the will to live won over all difficulties. I describe life on my own behalf and only what I saw and I heard it myself, without rosy tones - everything was as it was in my distant post-war childhood. Thanks to the Internet, and with it Prose.ru for giving me the opportunity to publish and leave my memories for my loved ones!
Other articles in the literary diary:
- 11.01.2012. Deeds of days gone by, ancient legends are deep
- 01/09/2012. Picked up the tug, don’t say it’s not strong
- 01/06/2012. Pleasant surprise
The daily audience of the Proza.ru portal is about 100 thousand visitors, who in total view more than half a million pages according to the traffic counter, which is located to the right of this text. Each column contains two numbers: the number of views and the number of visitors.
MBOU "Stepurinskaya Secondary School"
Staritsky district, Tver region
Holiday, dedicated to the day memory
Holy Blessed Michael of Tverskoy.
Zolotova Marina Alexandrovna
Deputy Director for VR
Nomination: methodology for organizing and conducting “Lessons of Courage”, special occasions dedicated to memorable events Russian history.
“Deeds of days gone by, legends of deep antiquity...”
A holiday dedicated to the memory of St. Michael of Tverskoy.
Currently, it is necessary and important to cultivate in children such qualities as patriotism, love for the Motherland, and a sense of duty. In order to implement these principles, one of the most important educational moments is to hold such holidays; they will help to comprehend the essence of an incomprehensible, great and tragic page of history Ancient Rus' and the role of the Tver princely house in it.
Target: fostering a sense of love for the historical past, pride in the heroic past of our ancestors; developing respect for the memory of a great man and his feat.
Tasks:
promote students' understanding of true spiritual values
Fatherland;
to form the civic position of students;
develop creativity children
develop in students feelings of patriotism, love for the Motherland,
feelings of pride for one’s people, country, feelings of respect for heroic
people's actions.
Design:
Reproductions of the painting “Battle of Bortenev”;
Reproduction of the icon “St. Michael of Tver”;
an exhibition of books devoted to this topic;
exhibition of drawings “Stories of great deeds...”
Participants of this event: students in grades 7-11.
Result of activity: students’ conviction that a true citizen loves and is proud of the Motherland and its people, studies historical and cultural, spiritual heritage, faithful to his civic duty and ready to defend the Fatherland.
The phonogram sounds " Bogatyr Symphony» A.P. Borodin
Presenter 1: It’s always interesting to learn something new, especially if we're talking about about the land on which you were born, where a piece of your heart is located...
And for those who were born on Tver land, knowing the history of their native places is simply necessary, if only because history is rich in events and people that you can be proud of. This holiday is dedicated to one of these people. Mikhail Tverskoy.
1 reader:
"When my spirit
Suddenly becomes impoverished in strength,
When the paths are cut off all around.
Then I will whisper:
“Lord, have mercy!” -
And I will ask:
“Lord, forgive me!”
And the sinful finger
lightly touches the forehead,
Then the tired hand will freeze
I don’t guess what will awaken in me,
What will happen in the future
My soul is in the grip of no peace
Rebellious, but meek in appearance.
Like everyone else, she strives to be a saint,
Not understanding what it is."
So thought the Prince of Tver
Above the muddy Volga,
Where are the ice floes?
spinning around,
They rose doomed and mighty,
Breaking their ridges, they stuck their noses into the mud.
In the arc of the zenith there is a small bird
At the sun, as if at Zgi.
Mikhail is wearing a red shirt
Raspberry colored boots.
Heated up, as if after a battle,
The movements emphasized becoming.
When he was baptized, he made prayers for the Russians,
Asking Tver for earthly grace.
Presenter 2: Mikhail Yaroslavich Tverskoy (1271-1318) Prince of Tverskoy from 1285 T. The Great of Vladimir from 1305 to 1317. His father Yaroslav Yaroslavich, brother of Alexander Nevsky, died six weeks before the birth of his son, returning from the Horde. Mikhail was raised by his mother, Princess Ksenia, and Bishop Simeon of Tver. “He was born from the truly blessed and reverend mother Grand Duchess Xenia, and this holy and wise mother raised him in the fear of the Lord and taught him the holy books and all wisdom.”
Presenter 1: Mikhail Tverskoy inherited "Tver is old, Tverrich”, a relatively young principality of North-Eastern Rus', which quickly grew in the second half of the 13th century, due to the influx of population from the Vladimir lands suffering from the Tatars. Mongolian yoke. Therefore, having matured, Mikhail tries to unite the Russian lands under his rule and organize a liberation struggle against the Golden Horde.
2 reader:“Rus was torn apart by princely feuds due to timelessness. Rarely in agreement - more often with confused strength...
Do not embrace the immensity
Separately for each.
The deeds were military - they became a terrible death...
Life was free
Top ascending-
Became a broken branch
hanging lifelessly."
Presenter 2: After the death of Grand Duke Andrei Alexandrovich in 1304, Mikhail Tverskoy at the age of 33 goes to the horde and receives a label for the Great Reign.
A Russian prince, brought up in the spirit of autocratic power in Rus', comes to the Grand Ducal Vladimir table. He was the first to be called “Grand Duke of All Rus'” and “Autocrat”, This is exactly how Patriarch Niphon of Constantinograd addressed him in letters. In the autumn or winter of 1305, the Tver prince returned “from the Horde from the king for a great reign, and sat on the great princess in Volodymeri...”
3 reader: Prince / Mikhail in a burgundy coat,
Embroidered with pearls and brocade,
On a black thoroughbred horse
He entered Tver with his head open.
Behind him with the Grand Duke's label
The printer kept the casket closer than his eye.
Tokhta clicked his tongue as he handed it over.
And he began to sniffle in deep thought.
All-powerful and revered Khan
Didn’t bother with eloquent speech,
He looked around the Tver prince's camp
And I felt sorry for him as a human being.
Tokhta is cunning, but he was even smarter,
As I fingered my rosary, I thought more often.
What if it weren’t him who ruled the Horde?
Then the princes will tear Rus' to pieces.
They'll squabble over cities,
Not remembering myself in noisy skirmishes.
Still alive for at least a few years
He saves the foolish from Lithuania.
“What do they need in the Grand Duke’s label,
Until a solid base has been stitched together?
Princes are stupid, a fool is a fool,
But Mikhail is from a different brew.”
Presenter 1: Mikhail Yaroslavich stood on long haul future unification of Rus' and began to take the first steps towards economic unification. The German scientist E. Klug states: “Mikhail Yaroslavich was the first prince about whom we know for certain that he took over the collection of taxes for the Horde from the previous Baskaks.” This is the main tool that Kalita brilliantly used in the future to strengthen Moscow economically. Thus, it was in Tver, and it was Mikhail who was the first to seize a powerful lever for future economic well-being.
In 1313, Tokhta died and Uzbek ascended the khan's throne. Mikhail Yaroslavich and other princes went to the Horde to confirm their previous labels or to receive new ones. The Uzbek had no reason yet to take away the great reign from Mikhail Yaroslavich, and Mikhail himself worked in the Horde to retain it for himself.
Presenter 2: “In 1315 the new khan presented Mikhail with a label for the great reign. Until 1317 he was the Grand Duke of Vladimir. He did not dream of exalting his ancestral principality of Tver, but of uniting Rus' under a single government. He knew for sure that Rus' could free itself from the yoke of the Golden Horde only by being united. I fought all these years. Protecting the unity of the great Vladimir principality, he went on campaigns to the fickle Novgorod, Torzhok, and Moscow. Maybe his dreams would have come true, but the Moscow prince Yuri Danilovich, his cousin nephew, was too furiously eager for a great reign. Yuri managed to get around him. In 1317, promising to pay a tribute greater than Mikhail Tverskoy, he received from the Uzbek Khan a label for the Grand Duchy of Vladimir. Mikhail Yaroslavich lost to him. He gave in without a fight. I understood: in a dispute between Russians, is it fun to hit each other’s enemies for fun? And Yuri Danilovich’s hands were itching to fight. In the winter of 1317 he went out to Tver with a considerable army. By Tatar custom He went out to fight - with his young wife Konchaka, the sister of Khan Uzbek himself, and with the Tatar army, where the commanders were Kavgady and Ostreva. Confident in his strength, Yuri boasted: “The prince of Tver will not defeat me. He does not have such an army!” At each stop, Yuri Danilovich feasted for a long time, treated the beautiful Konchaka, and sent detachments around to ravage the Tver villages. He waited for the Novgorod army to approach Tver in order to besiege the city together. Mikhail Yaroslavich defeated the Novgorodians with a swift blow, and then turned his army towards the Moscow prince. Forty miles from Tver, at a place called Bartenevo, he met the regiments of Yuri Danilovich. Although Mikhail had fewer warriors, he fearlessly rushed into the battle, relying on the faithful Tver people, on his considerable strength, and firmly knowing that God will always help the right. Yes, yes, on this bay he then flew out onto the battlefield, and behind him was his forged squad. And the battle cry rushed across the field: “Tver, Tver, Tver!”
Presenter 1: The impossible, the unexpected happened. Mikhail scattered the Moscow troops, and overthrew the Tatars, who rushed away, fleeing. For the first time since Batu’s bloody campaign in 1238, the Tatars showed their backs in a battle with the Russians.
Prince Mikhail captured the rich man: the wife of Yuri Danilovich, the black-eyed beauty Konchaka, sibling the Moscow prince - Boris and even - a great shame for the warrior of the Tatar prince Kavgady. And it was December 22, 1317.
Mikhail ordered the captives to be delivered to Tver with honor and with care, and treated them as dear guests. He captivated Konchaka with his intelligence and cordiality, found a doctor for Prince Boris whose wounds were overwhelming - he was crushed hard in the battle.
Well, then trouble came. Konchak died overnight and a sticky rumor spread across Tver, throughout the principality and beyond - they were poisoned. Why did he dismiss this rumor then? Why didn’t I understand who the slander was directed against? Why didn’t he order the boyars to interrogate the servants of Konchaka and Kavgady?
Couldn’t you believe that the Tatars could poison the sister of their formidable khan? And even more so, I couldn’t believe that one of our own, a Russian, would engage in such an ungodly thing, scary thing. And rightly so, I didn’t believe it. One of his own would never do something like that. And even more so, he is a prince. How could he not save her? Why didn’t you think that the villain was secret and could raise his hand against a woman? Who needed her death? Yuri Moskovsky? No no! He was not a damned monster - to destroy his wife. So... does that mean Kavgady?
When he escorted Kavgady and other Tatars from Tver with rich gifts, Mikhail then heard many flattering words about the courage and generosity of the Tver prince. I hardly believed these words. And yet he could not think that the one whose life he saved had already thought about how best to destroy Mikhail Yaroslavich. Could the straightforward Russian heart have imagined such treachery?
Presenter 2: Coming out to the Bortenevskoe field, the Tver prince knew that if he won, the Horde would not forgive its defeat, which is what happened. Mikhail Yaroslavich was summoned to trial in the Horde, where he was convicted and executed. Before leaving for trial, the Tver prince had a choice: to flee, and then a huge punitive army would come from the Horde. Mikhail chose to save the lives of thousands of his subjects by voluntarily going to trial and execution.
Reader 4:
“Don’t go, daddy!” - The sons asked
“It will be so sad for us to wait!”
“Don’t go, prince!” - birds all over Russia
Suddenly they stopped chirping in the groves...
“Talk me off!” - The princes asked for Anna.
“Save, Lord!” - The blacksmiths were baptized. ,
And Mikhail, determined and pale,
Looked into eyes ready for tears
Slightly hoping for a victorious outcome,
I no longer believed this seriously.
He knew too much of their cruel customs,
Why they call him to the Horde not for the sake of the dombra,
Where even a saint will be made wrong,
And that’s why he foresaw trouble.
He also knew
As for the end of time
The fatherly army will rise, /
But for Konchaka, for Uzbek’s sister,
He will have to answer in full.
And he was looking for a decisive word,
To protect descendants from harm.
I saw the Kulikovo field again,
Where from Nepravda I scooped up water... ...
Prince Mikhail overcame anxiety,
Suddenly he smiled at the children on the porch
The fate of the country
The fate of Russia itself
Was a mark on his face.
Having looked around the huts and mansions,
He touched the reins of the horse:
"We don't know what will happen,
But with shame
The Russians will not meet me.
I will never leave them in trouble,
I will divide the troubles in half."
The prince felt
Sadness looked in the back
And she followed him humbly through the fields.
Presenter 1: In August 1318, Mikhail Yaroslavich left Tver for the Horde, receiving a blessing from his bishop Barsanuphius. In Vladimir, Mikhail met the Khan's ambassador Akhmyl, who warned him that he had been slandered by Kavgady. His children told him: “Do not go, our dear father, to the Horde, but send one of us, because you have been slandered before the king; wait until the king’s anger subsides.” Mikhail Yaroslavich quite rightly answered them: “You see that the king does not demand you... and only wants my head. If I don’t go and evade, my native principality will be captured, many Christians will be beaten, and after that I will still have to die. It is better for me now to lay down my life for many souls!”
Mikhail Yaroslavich was groundlessly accused of not paying tribute to the tsar, fighting against his ambassador and poisoning his sister. The prince was found guilty, and a heavy wooden block was placed on him. Kavgady, by all means, sought the execution of the Grand Duke of Tver. Khan finally expressed his consent to the death of Mikhail Yaroslavich.
5 reader:
The prince wanted to drink
My whole body hurt so much
What did this day mean? Last during the day.
In the distance the dawn and sunset Alela
As if the forest was wounded by the eye...
The boyars came to him cautiously,
They whispered quietly into the graying beards,
That there is a conspiracy with the merchants and it is possible
Organize his escape from the Horde...
But the prince answered,
Even too harshly
That you can’t escape fate and the khan.
And he gave rivers to the boyars that blue night,
That life is sweet and dear to him,
But he's in Orde - Ambassador of his Russia,
And it’s not fitting to start a race,
He talked about miserable motherhood
In the time of war, hectic years,
And about unity
Only about unity
And principalities, and lands, and cities.
He ordered to take care of the huts and mansions,
Don't run to the hayloft from the enemies.
For the land from the Horde pogrom
He gave his life, suffering.
Presenter 2: Many Tatar executioners burst into Mikhail’s tent. The executioners grabbed the prince by the block around his neck and hit him against the wall of the tent so hard that they broke through it. Then the Tatars threw Mikhail to the ground and kicked him for a long time. Finally, one of them, named Romanets, stuck a knife into the prince’s chest and turned it several times. So on November 22, 1318, the Grand Duke of Tver Mikhail Yaroslavich died. But Vladimir Kolosov believes that this story has a continuation. After the massacre, Kavgady angrily told Yuri: “Isn’t he your oldest brother, like a father; Why is his body lying naked? After this, Mikhail Yaroslavich was tightly tied to a large board by order of Prince Yuri. But the next morning he was found lying to the side. Right hand Mikhail was on her face, and her left hand was pressed to the wound on her chest. Based on this, we can conclude that the prince died not at the hands of the Tatar executioners, but an even more painful death: a deep faint was mistaken for death, after which the prince regained consciousness and, obviously, having lost a lot of blood, climbed off the board, after which he died.
Mikhail's body was brought to Moscow and buried in the Spassky Monastery. But it was not long before they found out about this in Tver. Grand Duchess Anna and her sons Dmitry, Alexander, Vasily asked Yuri to let their father's body go home. But they received permission only in June 1319. “And they sang a funeral hymn over him and placed him in the church of the Holy Savior on the right side of the land... on the 6th day of September.” After tragic death your spouse Grand Duchess Anna took her hair at the Tver Sophia Monastery. After the death of Mikhail Yaroslavich, his son Dmitry began to reign.
Presenter 1: At the dawn of the formation of our statehood, Russian Prince Mikhail Tverskoy accomplished a great feat:
he was the first to unite Rus',
he was the first to enter into an open military clash with the Horde cavalry and defeated it,
he, the first person of the state, voluntarily went to trial and execution in the Horde and “he laid down his life for his friends.”
In 1549, at the second Moscow Council, Mikhail Tverskoy was canonized.
We are proud of the feat of our ancestors, the history of our people, and we will increase the glory of our Fatherland.
Presenter 2: “In the name of God, in sincere, true faith
I will not bow my standard to anyone,
In the fight not for primacy, for unity,
I will accept life and death without hesitation...
And there is no need to mourn,
What will become dust in the ground.
I will die in body, but I will be saved in soul
And I lived without fear,
And I will leave without fear
In faith in the holy united Rus'."
Holy noble prince Mikhail of Tverskoy, pray to God for us!
