Tzolkin calendar online. The Mayan “Sacred Calendar” and why is it needed? How to find out your Kin

24.11.2015

The Mayan calendar is a generalized name for the system of calendars created by the Indians of the Mayan civilization of the pre-Columbian era. This time reckoning system was used (after the Mayans) by the Aztecs, Toltecs, Mazatecs and other Central American peoples.

Currently, interest in the Mayan calendar has revived, since the system, according to experts ancient history, was devoted not only to determining the past time, but also to predicting future events. In other words, the Indian ritual calendar is not just a familiar chronograph in the form of a wall and pocket calendar, but a whole science that studies extensive time cycles.

Mayan calendar - description and general information

A little about the history of the Mayan calendar. The Indians themselves believed that ancient calendar given to them by divine beings who descended to Earth in time immemorial. There were two types of chronology:

• Tzolkin (ritual calendar);
• Haab (civil calendar).

Haab was used for agricultural purposes, its cycle consisted of 365 days - approximate time complete revolution of our planet around the sun. Another name for the system is the solar calendar. The year was divided into 19 months. 18 of them consisted of 20 days, one month - of 5 days (the so-called “days without names”). Haab was intended to host field work and was used in everyday life.

The Mayan ritual calendar (Tzolkin) lasted 260 days. It consisted of periods lasting 20 and 13 days, which replaced each other. Each day had its own name and corresponding symbol - solar print. The Indians combined both calendars into one, which was called the “calendar circle.”

Probably every person can imagine what the Mayan calendar looks like: it is a stone circle, delimited into sectors. The calendar demonstrates a deep knowledge of astronomical cycles. It turns out that the ancient Indians calculated the almost exact length of the solar year - 365, 242 days. Scientists believe that for such accurate calculations the Mayans would have required about 10,000 years of constant observation. However, the period of existence of this civilization is only 3,500 years. How ancient astronomers managed to obtain such reliable information about celestial cycles remains a mystery.

In addition to the two above-mentioned calendars, the Indians also had a third - the so-called “long count calendar”. It was intended for long periods of time. The duration of one complete cycle is 5125 years. The current cycle began in 3224 BC. and ended in 2012. In addition to the 5 thousand year cycle, the calendar mentions an even longer cycle, the duration of which is 26,000 years. Scientists associate this period with the galactic alignment cycle.

The end of the Mayan calendar does not simply mean the end of one cycle and the debut of another - it implies the complete destruction of the civilization existing in a given time period. The current cycle is already the fifth. The previous ones, according to Mayan history, ended respectively with earthquakes, hurricanes, volcanic eruptions, and floods. The fifth cycle was supposed to end with the movement of the Earth's orbit and an evolutionary leap.

Since no special cataclysms occurred in 2012, the predictions of the Mayan calendar should either be considered erroneous, or the end of civilization should be understood in a metaphorical sense - as the end of a purely materialistic period in the history of mankind and the desire for spiritual development.

Expert opinion

The Mayan civilization ceased to exist more than a thousand years ago. The reason for her disappearance is unknown. Some historians believe that this ancient culture ruined internecine wars, others hypothesize that the death of the Mayans was caused natural disasters. The indigenous people of Central America left to their descendants only stone pyramids, writing, and evidence of extensive knowledge of astronomy and mathematics.

Researchers believe that the true meaning of the Mayan calendar is related to the natural rhythms of energy in the Universe. If you consider your date of birth in the Tzolkin ritual calendar system, you can determine the name of the day and its solar seal. In Mayan chronology, each day is considered unique and has its own message and purpose. You can find information for each day and try to correlate the natural rhythms of the cosmos with the events of a particular human life. The Mayan calendar gives a person a chance to move from a purely material approach to a spiritual and intuitive one.

On the physical plane this system Reckoning is fully consistent with the cycles of movement of large and small celestial bodies. The Indians not only compiled detailed star maps, but also predicted eclipses of the sun and moon. Moreover, they knew in advance about global wars, outbreaks of global terrorism and other events that had an impact on human history.

For the ancient Mayan people, the calendar was just as important in everyday life as it is for our contemporaries.

The Mayan civilization originated in Mesoamerica ( Central America). This region lies between Mexico and South America, and was home to many other cultures, including the Aztecs, Olmecs, Teotihuacan and Toltecs. The Mayans lived in what are today the states of Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, El Salvador and in the south of Mexico (Yucatan, Campeche and Quintana Roo, Tabasco and Chiapas).

Mayan history consists of three periods:

1. Preclassic - 2000 BC to 250 AD

2. Classic – from 250 to 900

3. Postclassical - from 900 to the Spanish Conquest in 1400

Writing in Mesoamerica arose in the middle of the Preclassic period. The Mayans were the first to create historical records and keep a calendar. For this purpose, steles or stone monuments were used, on which events were carved civil life Maya, calendars and astronomical knowledge. They also depicted their religious beliefs and mythology on ceramics.

The Mayans attached great value records of the history of his people. They were not the first civilization to use a calendar, but they did develop four separate calendars that lasted for discrete periods of time. Depending on their needs, the Mayans used different calendars or a specific combination of two calendars to record each event. Their calendar Long Count, which we will learn more about later, expired in 2012, resulting in what some believed would be an apocalyptic event.

But in order to decipher these different calendars, you will first have to learn short lesson in Mayan Mathematics.

Mayan Numbers and Mathematics

Along with their calendars—the Tzolkin, the Haab, the Round Calendar, and the Long Count—the Mayans also created their own systems of calculation. They used a series of dots and lines to represent numbers. One dot represented one unit, while one line represented five units. The shell symbol represented zero.

The Mayans wrote numbers vertically, while we do this horizontally. For example, we write the number 27 as the number 2, denoting tens, and the number 7 to the right of it.

The Mayans wrote 27 vertically. Their number seven (a line representing five units with two dots above it) was at the bottom, and their number 20 (a dot one line above) was located directly above it.

The same is true for other numbers, such as 29.

Numbers were important in Mayan culture. For example, the number 20 means the number of digits a person has - 10 fingers and 10 toes. Number 13 concerns large joints human body where diseases occur: one neck, two shoulders, two knees, two wrists, two hips, two knees and two ankles. The number 13 also represents the levels of heaven where the sacred rulers of the Earth are located. It was these two numbers, 20 and 13, that were used to create the Tzolkin calendar, the first calendar used by the Mayans.

Tzolkin calendar

Like many Mesoamerican calendars, Tzolkin, or Sacred Circle , the calendar is designed for a 260-day cycle. One theory about the meaning of this particular cycle length states that 260 days symbolize pregnancy. Another theory suggests that the calendar represented the length of time needed to cultivate corn. However, it is more likely that it was based on the Mayan reverence for the numbers 13 and 20.

In the Gregorian calendar, we have seven days in a week and, depending on the month, 28 to 31 days in a month. The Tzolkin calendar consists of a set of 20 day names, symbolized by images called glyphs and 13 rooms. As a result, each day has a number from 1 to 13, in addition, the days have names that repeat with a period of 20. Each day name has its own symbol, the so-called Solar Seal.

The Tzolkin calendar begins on the first day, under the glyph Imish and number 1. The days continue in order - on the second day there will be a combination of the glyph Ik with number 2 and so on until all 13 numbers have been used.

After the calendar reaches the 13th day (indicated by the glyph Ben and number 13), the day numbers start again at 1, but the day names continue forward, from the 14th glyph, Ik.

Thus, we get 260 unique combinations of the name of the day and its number. Combination 13 Ahab marked the end of the year.

It is easy to understand the significance the Mayans placed in the Tzolkin calendar. For example, they believed that your birth date determined the characteristics you would be able to perceive in your personality, just as some people consider the astrological symbol for your birthday today.

Holy men could also schedule certain events throughout the year, based on the Tzolkin calendar. At the beginning of each unial(a period of 20 days), the shaman could determine the religious and ceremonial events that would take place during this time. In addition, he chose dates that would be most fortunate for the prosperity of the community.

Despite its many useful functions for society, the Tzolkin calendar could not measure Sunny year the time it takes for the Earth to make a complete revolution around the Sun. Because of this, the Mayans needed a more accurate calendar.

Haab calendar and Round calendar

Haab calendar very similar to the Gregorian calendar we use today. It is based on the cycle of the Sun and has been used for agricultural, economic and accounting activities. Like the Tzolkin calendar, it also includes unial (periods of 20 days), and each day has its own hieroglyph and name. However, instead of 13 unials in 260 days in the Tzolkin calendar, in the Haab calendar there are 18 unials in 360 days.

Mayan astronomers noticed that 360 days was not enough for the Sun to complete its full cycle solar activity. They argued that the calendar should follow the solar cycle as closely as possible. But the Mayan mathematicians disagreed. They wanted to keep the calendar simple, in increments of 20, just like their mathematical systems.

Astronomers and mathematicians eventually agreed to an 18-unial of 360 days, but with five "nameless days", which were called Wyeb.

This five-day period was considered a very dangerous time. The Mayans thought that the gods rested during this time, leaving the Earth unprotected. The Mayans performed rites and rituals during the Wayab, hoping that the gods would return to them once again.

While the Haab calendar was longer than the Tzolkin, the Mayans wanted to create a calendar that would reflect even more time. For this reason, the Tzolkin and Haab calendars were combined into Round calendar.

In the Round Calendar, the 260 days of the Tzolkin calendar are combined with the 360 ​​days and five unnamed days of the Haab calendar. This Round Calendar works on the principle of the Tzolkin calendar and gives 18890 unique days with a time period of about 52 years.

At that time, the Round Calendar was the longest calendar in Central America. Mayan historians, however, wished to record Mayan history for future generations. To achieve this, they needed a calendar that would be relevant hundreds, even thousands of years from now.

Long Count calendar

Mayans developed Long Count calendar for 5125 years, a period of time to which they treated as Great Cycle. The Long Count calendar is divided into intervals:

1 day - kin

20 days - unial

360 days - tun

7200 days - katun

144,000 days – baktun

2880000 days – pictun

57600000 days – kalabtun

1152000000 days – kinchilbtun

23040000000 days - alautun

English anthropologist Sir Eric Thompson created a technique for converting the Long Count dates of the Mayan calendar into a Gregorian date known as Thompson correlation. Events that occurred during Spanish rule were recorded in the Long Count and Gregorian calendars. After this, scientists compared the dates in both calendars and compared them with Dresden Code, one of four Mayan documents surviving from Spanish times. This codex confirmed the start date of the first Great Cycle - August 13, 3114 BC, which ended on December 21, 2012.

Now we have the start date of the Great Cycle, let's look at the Long Count calendar in practice. We'll take a date that's familiar to many: July 20, 1969, the day Apollo 11 landed on the Moon. In the Long Count calendar, this date is written as 12.17.15.17.0. You will notice that the date contains five digits. Reading from left to right, we get the number of baktuns since the beginning of the Great Cycle. In this case, there were 12 baktun, or 1,728,000 days (144,000 x 12), since August 13, 3114 BC. The second number means the number of katuns. Then come tun, unial and kin.

As the calendar's Long Count ended, doomsday theorists predicted the worst. The Gregorian date December 21, 2012, is designated as 13.0.0.0.0 on the Long Count calendar, signaling the end of the current Great Cycle.

However, the Mayans and scientists who rejected apocalyptic theories noted that the end of the calendar would be seen as a time of celebration, similar to modern New Year's holidays. There are no Mayan inscriptions that predict the end of the world when the Great Cycle ends.

The most notable event that occurred on the 2012 winter solstice was that for the first time in 25,800 years, the Sun was aligned with the center of the Milky Way galaxy. Although the event sounds impressive, it had absolutely no effect on Earth, just as astronomers had claimed. Therefore, the next Great Cycle was calmly started anew.

Currently time goes by the second Great Cycle or New Era, which will continue for another 5125 years.

About the structure of the Mayan calendar, about its mysteries and secrets, as well as the ability to predict the future with its help.

Probably only the deaf have not heard anything about the date December 21, 2012. According to the Mayan calendar, on this day the world ends great era, which the Indians themselves call the era of the Fifth Sun and which lasted 5200 years. This abyss of time is even breathtaking!

But where did the Indians get this strange date - December 21, 2012? And what is their mysterious calendar, which surpasses in accuracy not only the European, but generally all calendars in the world?

In fact, not everything is so simple here. The fact is that the Mayans had several calendars in use at once. One of them was intended for agricultural work and counted (as it should be any agricultural calendar) 365 days. However, to perform sacred rituals, the Mayans have since ancient times used a completely different Calendar, which is usually called Tzolkin, which literally means “counting the Sun” or “counting days” (from the Mayan words tsol, “counting,” and kin, “day,” “Sun”) .

However, in holy books Maya, this sacred Tzolkin calendar has a different name: Yok-ka-Yumil, or “The Way of Our Lord.” It was him that the Mayan priests considered the main one and cherished his secrets like the apple of their eye. Diego de Landa, whose manuscript “Report on Affairs in Yucatan” is the main source of information about the life of the ancient Mayans, wrote about this amazing calendar as follows: “This was the science they believed in most and considered supreme. Not all priests knew how to understand it.” .

One of the oddities of this calendar is that it is based not on a year or a month, but on a completely incomprehensible cycle of 260 days - mind you, not three hundred, but precisely two hundred and sixty days, or 20 periods of 13 days.

More precisely, this 260-day cycle is the result of the superposition of two cycles - a 20-day and a 13-day.

The days of the 20-day cycle have their own names, which successively replace each other: first comes the day of Imish (World Tree), followed by the day of Ik (Wind), then Akbal (Night), etc. All these days are indicated in the left column of the table.

This cycle is superimposed on a 13-day cycle, the days of which do not have their own names and differ only in numbers - from 1 to 13, as indicated in the table:

First day of 260 days calendar circle, as can be seen in the table, the day is called World Tree-1. Next comes the day of Wind-2, the day of Night-3, the day of Grain-4, and so on. When the day number reaches thirteen, the count is updated and starts again from one. So, for example, day Reed-13 is followed by day Jaguar-1. After 260 days, the counting resumes from the beginning, that is, from the day of World Tree-1.

If the day has numeric value 1, it is considered the beginning of a new thirteen-day cycle (the beginning of each new 13-day cycle is highlighted in blue in the table). Moreover, each cycle is called by the first day, since it is the first day that leaves its mark on all 13 days of the cycle. From this it is clear that the cycles in the Mayan calendar have the same names as the days, but follow each other in a different order. First comes the World Tree cycle (starting on the day of World Tree-1), followed by the Jaguar cycle (starting on the day of Jaguar-1), then the Deer cycle (beginning on the day of Deer-1), etc.

To determine which Mayan day and cycle falls on today, it is enough to know under which sign it passed yesterday. For example, if yesterday was Grain-3, then today, accordingly, there should be Snake-4, tomorrow – Skull-5, etc.

Well, to find out the cycle, you need to find the nearest day with number 1 in reverse order. In the case of the Snake-4 day, the first day of the cycle is Wind-1, respectively, the Snake-4 day falls on the Wind cycle.

Traditionally, the Mayans chose the day that, according to the Gregorian calendar, falls on August 11, 3114 BC(Thompson). It's the start of the day Imish-5(World Tree-5, Earthquake cycle). Using this date as a reference, one can determine which Mayan day and cycle falls on any date in the European calendar.

Or, for convenience, so as not to be confused with the zero year (which was not in the Gregorian calendar) and other calendar subtleties, you can use any other starting point, for example: for the 20th century it is convenient to count from January 1, 1900(day Etsnab-4, or Kremen-4, Eagle cycle), and for the 21st century - from January 1, 2000(day IK-11, or Wind-11, Ladder cycle).

So in general outline The Mayan calendar was created. In addition to these 260-day cycles, the Mayans also counted longer cycles - tuns (time periods of 360 days), katuns (20 tuns of 360 days, i.e. 7200 days), baktuns (20 katuns or 144,000 days). And finally an entire era The Mayans have 260 katuns, i.e. 5200 years (more precisely 5200 tuns, which corresponds to approximately 5125 solar years).

Hello, reader!

If you remember, quite recently the ancient Mayan calendar was on everyone’s lips. Few people ignored the topic of the burning question of the end of the chronology of a once great civilization. Now I propose to delve into the mathematical essence of the question - how to calculate the date of the Mayan calendar.

In my story I will show how to get the date of the Mayan calendar from the date of the usual one Gregorian calendar, giving examples of algorithms in Python.

First, let's briefly repeat the theory of the calendar itself.

The Mayan calendar consists of three main parts. This is the long count, the Tzolkin and the Haab.

The fourth optional part of the calendar is the listing of the lords of the night. There are only nine of them and they follow each other. Something like a nine-day week. The names of the rulers have not been preserved, so it is customary to designate them simply: G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, G8, G9.

What else should you know? It is not known for certain from which day of the Gregorian calendar the countdown should be started. There are many authoritative opinions on this matter, but two versions are now popular - the so-called correlations 584283 and 584285. The first is called the GMT correlation, the second - the Thompson-Lounsbury correlation or astronomical correlation. I note that December 21, 2012 is the end of the calendar according to GMT correlation, but in lately There is increasing support for the view that the second correlation is more likely. According to it, the “end of all things” comes two days later - December 23, 2012. Hurray, comrades! Of course, this makes it much easier for us.

So... All calendar values ​​can be calculated by knowing the number of days since the beginning of the Mayan era. We will conditionally call them “Mayan days”, by analogy with the Julian days.

Mayan days for AD dates are calculated as the remainder of dividing the expression (D + 1721425 – C) by 1872000, where D is the number of days from the beginning of our era to the given date, C is the correlation value, 1872000 is the number of days in the Mayan era. So in Python the formula looks like:
M = (D + 1721425 – C)% 1872000
the value of D in Python is quite easy to obtain, just import the datetime module and then if the current date is current_date = datetime.date.today(), then D = current_date.toordinal(). Or simply - D = datetime.date.today().toordinal()

Now, knowing the meaning of the Mayan days, we can calculate everything else. Let's start with the long count.

The long count is the count of kin (1 kin = 1 day), 20 kin are 1 vinal, 18 vinal are 1 tun or 20×18=360 kin, 20 tuns are 1 katun or 20×18×20=7200 kin, 20 katuns - 1 baktun or 20×18×20×20=144,000 kin. An era consists of 13 baktuns, therefore an era lasts 20×18×20×20×13=1872000 kin. For example, the last date of the Mayan era according to the long count will be 12.19.19.17.19.
This means that to get the current value of baktun, katun, tun, winal and kin, we need to first divide the Mayan days by 144000 (we get baktun), then divide the remainder of the division by 7200 (we get katun), then divide the next remainder by 360 (we get tun ), then we divide the next remainder again by 18 (vinal), and the last remainder will give us kin.

In Python everything is much simpler than in words:
d = M result = for i in (144000, 7200, 360, 20, 1): t, d = divmod(d, i) result.append(t)
where M are previously calculated Mayan days.

As a result, we get a list containing all the long count values ​​we need.

One more note. So how to find a living representative ancient people It is not possible for the Maya to still use the calendar of their ancestors; it remains a mystery, as expressed by baktun during the change of eras. If the era begins with zero baktun, then it is very obvious that the beginning new era the number will be 0.0.0.0.0. But supposedly the Mayans avoided a completely zero date, so they supposedly expressed the beginning of a new era as 13.0.0.0.0. Further, it is not clear what the next day of the new era looks like - 13.0.0.0.1 or 0.0.0.0.1. Different view It has absolutely no effect on date calculation, so let's move on.

Let's take on the tzolkin. Tzolkin consists of two parts - the number of the day in a 13-day cycle and the name of the day in a 20-day cycle. Let's call them T2 and T1 (I change them here and there purely for convenience, don't pay attention).

Hence,
T1 = (M + 19)% 20 T2 = (M + 3)% 13 + 1
where 3 and 19 are constants meaning that the beginning of the Tzolkin cycles did not coincide with the beginning of the Mayan era.
Therefore, let the tuple of names of Tzolkin days be
t1 = ("Imix"", "Ik"", "Ak"b"al", "K"an", "Chikchan", "Kimi", "Manik"", "Lamat", "Muluk", "Ok ", "Chuwen", "Eb"", "B"en", "Ix", "Men", "K"ib"", "Kab"an", "Etz"nab"", "Kawak", " Ajaw")
then the name of the day
T1s = t1

Now it’s the haaba’s turn.
Everything is quite simple with him too. Let the day of the month of Haab be H2, and the month itself H1 (I swap places for ease of calculation).
From here
H1, H2 = divmod((M + 348) % 365, 20)
where the constant 348, as in the case of the Tzolkin, means that the beginning of the haab did not coincide with the beginning of the era.
And, according to the familiar scheme, let us have a tuple of names of the months of Haab
h1 = ("Pop", "Wo", "Sip", "Sotz"", "Tzek", "Xul", "Yaxk"", "Mol", "Ch"en", "Yax", "Sac" , "Keh", "Mak", "K"ank"in", "Muwan", "Pax", "K"ayab"", "Kumk"u", "Wayeb"")
then the name of the month
H1s = h1

To complete the picture, it remains to identify the lord of the night. It's as simple as that:
G = (M + 8)% 9 + 1

Actually, all this is done by my program, the source code of which is available at https://bitbucket.org/mystic-mirage/mayanc (you can get it with git at [email protected]:mystic-mirage/mayanc.git)

Here are the command line parameters that the program accepts:
-d<дата грегорианского календаря>, by default - current date;
-g<входной формат даты>, by default "%Y-%m-%d" - the parameter accepts all specifiers available in the Python strptime() function, but only the year, month and day are important;
-f<выходной формат даты>, default "%C, %Z %H",
possible specifiers:
%b - baktun,
%k - katun,
%t - tun,
%w - vinal,
%i - kin,
%z1 - numerical value of the name of the Tzolkin day (20-day cycle),
%z2 - Tzolkin day number (13-day cycle),
%z3 - name of the Tzolkin day (20-day cycle),
%h1 - numerical value of the month of Haab,
%h2 - day of the month of Khaab,
%h3 - month of Haab,
%l - number of the lord of the night,
%L - lord of the night,
%C - long count (equivalent to %b.%k.%t.%w.%i),
%Z - tzolkin (equivalent to %z2 %z3),
%H - haab (equivalent to %h2 %h3);
-c<корреляция>- denotes the applied correlation, can take any value, and constants can also be specified: gmt and tl, by default - gmt, i.e. 584283;
-s<сценарий>- option for interpreting the baktun during the change of eras, default 1,
possible values:
1 - 13.0.0.0.0, but 0.0.0.0.1,
2 - 13.0.0.0.0 and 13.0.0.0.1,
3 - 0.0.0.0.0 and 0.0.0.0.1;
--gmt - equivalent to -с gmt;
--tl - equivalent to -c tl;
--baktun - equivalent to -f "%b";
--katun - equivalent to -f "%k";
--tun - equivalent to -f "%t";
--winal - equivalent to -f "%w";
--kin - equivalent to -f "%i";
--tzol1 - equivalent to -f "%t1";
--tzol2 - equivalent to -f "%t2";
--tzol3 - equivalent to -f "%t3";
--haab1 - equivalent to -f "%h1";
--haab2 - equivalent to -f "%h2";
--haab3 - equivalent to -f "%h3";
--lord1 - equivalent to -f "%l";
--lord2 - equivalent to -f "%L";
--long - equivalent to -f "%C" or -f "%b.%k.%t.%w.%i";
--tzol - equivalent to -f "%Z" or -f "%z2 %z3";
--haab - equivalent to -f "%H" or -f "%h2 %h3";
--bc - means that the original Gregorian date is in the time period BC, i.e. the combination of parameters -d 3114-08-11 --bc means that the original date is August 11, 3114 BC;
--no-l10n - do not use localized names.

Note. Adding the --bc switch greatly complicated the code; in particular, it was necessary to slightly rewrite the date recognition according to a given format (due to the fact that 1 BC suddenly turned out to be a leap year) and supplement the calculation of Mayan days. But now the input parameter can be any date in the range from January 1, 9999 BC. e. - until December 31, 9999 e.

The program can be used not only from the command line, but also as an import module:
from mayanc import *

The following functions are available:

Todaydatetuple() - returns a tuple containing the current date according to the Gregorian calendar (year, month, day), is used for other functions and is largely useless to a simple user;
getmayandays(g_tuple = todaydatetuple(), cor = 584283, bc = False) - takes a date tuple (year, month, day), correlation value, era flag (AD - False, BC - True) and brings back the Mayan days;
getlongcount(m_days, scenario = 1) - accepts Mayan days and scenario type, and returns a tuple with long count values ​​(baktun, katun, tun, vinal, kin);
gettzolkin(m_days) - takes Mayan days and returns a tuple containing the values ​​of the 20- and 13-day Tzolkin cycles;
gethaab(m_days) - takes Mayan days and returns a tuple with the month and day of haab;
getlord(m_days) - takes Mayan days and returns the ordinal number of the lord of the night.

There are also the following tuples:
tzolkinlist - contains the names of days according to the 20-day tzolkin cycle;
haablist - contains the names of the months of Haab;
lordlist - contains the names of the lords of the night, but since they are not known, the tuple contains designations (G1-G9);

There are also these constants:
gmt=584283
tl = 584285

Default_cor = gmt
default_fmt = "%C, %Z %H", which is essentially equivalent to this set of specifiers - "%b.%k.%t.%w.%i, %z2 %z3 %h2 %h3"
default_sce = 1

The script can be integrated with conky. This is actually why it was written.

Like other types of astrology, Mayan horoscopes have specific signs and symbols to represent each sign. The Mayan calendar is different from the one we are used to; its months are shorter and consist of twenty days. Below is the Mayan calendar by date of birth with a description of the signs and images of their symbols.

Note that it is not the ritual Tzolkin calendar that is used, but the traditional Mayan Haab solar calendar, which has nineteen months.

Meaning: black tornado, black sky, Moon, one flower, west.

The ancient Mayans considered those born in the month of Chen to be people of the night. They are given power and vitality by the hours from sunset to the first rays of dawn. Using the calm energy of the dark time, they will fully develop their individuality. They have a natural tendency to perceive lunar energy. Wearing a moonstone is beneficial; it increases the connection with the Moon. Totem – Frog. The favorable direction is west. Facing west during meditation is very beneficial for them.

Meaning: green storm, Venus, two flowers, south.

Those born under the Yash sign have good compatibility with Yashkin sign people. They are patronized by the planet Venus, which gives them a gentle and loving nature. They must develop their peacemaking abilities in order to bring harmony to the world. In our times, the gift of a peacemaker is a great gift, and they can do a lot of good. A good direction is south.

Meaning: white storm, frog, three flowers, north.

Those born in the month of Sak are people of the day. Daytime hours and especially morning are especially favorable times for them. Representatives of the Sak sign need to find time for reflection in the early hours of the day, that’s when things can come to them. great wisdom. The main direction is north. The magical animal is the Frog, known for its ability to adapt and change. The frog is able to make a quick and easy transition from one state to another. The Mayan horoscope advises these people to embrace change because change is where its power lies.

Meaning: red storm, trees, deer, east.

Keh sign people have an affinity for nature and a natural balance. They will help restore the natural order on our planet by leading by example. They are protected by the element of Fire, and their magical color is red. Embrace this powerful force and your fiery nature will be known. Meditating in the forest is good for developing natural talents.

The favorable direction is east. Totem – gentle and noble Deer.

Meaning: secret, hidden, number 3

People born in the calendar month of Mac are covered by one of the main secrets of Mayan astrology. In the Mayan calendar, the meaning of this sign is less clear than any other, and this makes them a mystery. It is best if they keep their secrets from others. The words describing the symbolism of the Mac, again, refer to what is "under cover" or hidden. According to the horoscope of the ancient Mayans, they need to find time for reflection and meditation. If they allow themselves to spend time away from others, they will be able to penetrate the mysteries of existence. Magic number– 3. It is considered the number of divinity, balance and completion.

Meaning: earth, dog, yellow, yellow Sun.

People of the Kankin sign are protected by the Earth and the Sun. They have a connection both with the earth under their feet and with solar energy. By spending time under the rays of the Sun and reflecting, they will be able to gain wisdom. If possible, meditate in a cave, or at least visit a cave and feel the peace and tranquility of being in the womb of mother earth. Totem – Dog, especially yellow or light brown. Dogs are well known for their loyalty, but a lesser known quality of this animal is its incredible inner strength.

Meaning: owl, god of rain, fire.

Those born on the days of the month of Muan are under the protection of the elements of Fire and Water. For them, the time of thunderstorms is favorable, when fire and water are present in the form of rain and lightning. The storm is their magical time. Totem - Owl. This bird is distinguished by the ability of clear vision and penetrates into the essence of things with its gaze.

Meaning: sowing time, puma, fallow, arrow, drum.

The totem animal of the representatives of the Pash sign is the Jaguar. Jaguars were given special significance in Mayan culture because they represent leadership. These people have enough inner strength and charisma to become leaders. They also have a straight, arrow-like character and unshakable self-confidence. Using the drum, they will be able to gain stability and balance. The symbol is water vapor, which is a combination of Earth, Water and Fire, because vapor rises from the earth under the influence of heat. They need to combine all three elements in their lives.

Meaning: turtle, moon goddess, number 1.

Those born in the month of Kayyab have a natural inclination towards the Moon and spiritual quests. Most likely they will find deep meaning in everyday realities. The totem animal is the Turtle. Among the Mayans, she was considered a carrier ancient wisdom. It is good to use the image of a turtle when meditating.

Meaning: grain, crocodile, two rulers, darkness, god of Rain.

In the Mayan calendar, the Kumhu period has a dual nature. These people are able to see opposing perspectives, and both of them offer their advantages. The totem is the Crocodile, which has the gift of surviving in adverse conditions. As we know, crocodiles survived while most reptiles went extinct at the end of the Mesozoic period. They are not embarrassed by changes, they only benefit from changes. They are blessed with longevity and stability, and this great gift from heaven must be appreciated.

Meaning: Unlucky days, Earth god, ghost, missed days

Days Vayeb is the shortest month with 5 days, while all other signs of the Mayan calendar have 20 days. The ancient Mayans believed that during the Vayeb period the natural balance was disrupted and other forces came to Earth. This is reminiscent of the Celtic holiday Samhain, when ghosts are believed to come to our world. Although birth during this period is not interpreted in a negative sense. This means that you have close connections with other worlds and other realms. Thanks to the ability of extrasensory perception, you can see other worlds.

Meaning: Jaguar, chief, leader, soft earth.

Representatives of the Pop sign are born leaders. Among the ancient Mayans, the jaguar symbol represented power. They can provide direction to those around them while remaining sensitive to everyone's needs. Their gift is to be in the vanguard, to lead people. They have an affinity with the element of Earth, and meditation on the earth enhances their abilities.

In

Meaning: black sky, black jaguar, black storm, night, frog.

Those born in the month of Wo have similarities and compatibility with those born under the sign of Chen. Like people of the Chen sign, their time is the hours from dusk to the first rays of the sun. Like the representatives of the Chen sign, the totem animal is the Frog. They are able to easily move from one level of consciousness to another. Mystical personalities are born under this sign, seeking hidden wisdom and wanting to reveal secrets.

Meaning: red crossroads, red sky, red storm, deer.

The month of Sip has a connection with the elements of Fire and Air. The magical animal is the Deer, symbolizing grace and connection with the forest. In the minds of the ancient Mayans, the Deer was a noble leader of the forest dwellers. Those born this month carry its energy, grace and nobility. The magical color is red.

Meaning: bat, fish, beginning of winter.

Representatives of the Social sign have two totem animals - Bat and Fish. This month of the Mayan calendar is patronized by the elements Air and Water. One of the symbols, the Bat, is associated with mother earth. Bats are very sensitive creatures, they have intuition, sensitivity, and the ability to see through illusions. Fish represents the depths of the subconscious. Combining together, Pisces and Bat endow these people with deep intuition, inaccessible to most. It is important for them to spend their days of rest on earth.

Meaning: Heaven and Earth.

The Mayan sign Sec is associated with two elements - Earth and Sky (wind, air). Those born this month are fascinated by the sky, they are interested in everything that is above. Air is the element of psychic energy, and Earth signifies practicality. Thanks to this combination, they have the gift of correctly understanding any situation and identifying the most effective solution. This is a great gift by which they are able to help the world through practical perception.

Meaning: dog, days of birds, god of dogs.

Those born during the month of Shul are closely related to their spirit animal, the Dog. It was an important animal for the ancient Mayan Indians, who believed that the Dog was a person’s guide to the next life after the end of earthly existence. People of this sign are endowed with the traditional traits of the Dog symbol: loyalty, strength, determination. They also have strong connections in the world of the next life and will help others overcome the fear of death and transition to another world.

Meaning: new Sun, sun god, red clouds, green color.

Those born in the month of Yashkin have connections with the Mayan sun god Yash Kin, who gives protection from darkness, drought and disease. These people are natural healers. They have the ability to heal others through healing words or as a healing practitioner. This sign has one drawback - being subject to doubt, because Yash Kin was known to bring doubt and indecision. It is important to learn to trust your decisions.

Meaning: water, clouds, jaguar, harvest.

Moth is associated with the element of Water. It is believed that those born in this month of the Mayan calendar are endowed with the gift of causing rain. To develop their talent, they need to turn special attention on how the weather affects your well-being. The time of their power comes with the rain. The totem is the Jaguar. Among the Mayan Indians, the jaguar personified the secrets of shamans and the strength of leaders. They have the ability for both of these roles and are capable of becoming spiritual leaders and leading others.