In war, all means are good examples. In war, all means are good
End justifies the means
End justifies the means
From Latin: Finis sanctificat media (finis sanctificat media).
It is traditionally accepted that these words belong to the famous Italian thinker, historian and statesman Niccolò Machiavelli (1469-1527), author of the well-known treatises The Sovereign and Discourses on the First Decade of Titus Livius. But this is a mistake - creative heritage there is no such expression for this outstanding political scientist of the Middle Ages.
In fact, this saying belongs to the Jesuit Eekobar and is the motto of the Jesuit order and, accordingly, the basis of their morality (see: Velikovich L. N. The Black Guard of the Vatican. M., 1985).
encyclopedic Dictionary winged words and expressions. - M.: "Lokid-Press". Vadim Serov. 2003 .
End justifies the means
The idea of this expression, which is the basis of the morality of the Jesuits, was borrowed by them from the English philosopher Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679), who in his book On the Citizen (1642) wrote: Since the one who is denied the right to apply necessary funds, it is useless and the right to strive for the goal, then from this it follows that since everyone has the right to self-preservation, then everyone has the right to use all means and perform any act, without which he is not able to protect himself". The Jesuit Father Herman Buzenbaum in his essay "Fundamentals of Moral Theology" (1645) wrote: " To whom the end is permitted, the means are also permitted.".
Dictionary of winged words. Plutex. 2004
See what "The end justifies the means" is in other dictionaries:
- "The end justifies the means" catchphrase, originally owned by Niccolò Machiavelli Il fine giustifica i mezzi. This expression is found in a number of authors: The English philosopher Thomas Hobbes (1588 1679) The German theologian Herman ... Wikipedia
Adverb, number of synonyms: 3 the game is worth the candle (6) the game is worth the candle (6) ... Synonym dictionary
End justifies the means- wing. sl. The idea of this expression, which is the basis of the morality of the Jesuits, was borrowed by them from the English philosopher Thomas Hobbes (1588 1679), who wrote in the book “On the Citizen” (1642): “Since the one who is denied the right to apply the necessary ... ... Universal optional practical Dictionary I. Mostitsky
end justifies the means- about the justification of immoral ways to achieve goals. Tracing paper from Italian. Authorship is attributed to the writer and politician of Italy N. Machiavelli. This idea was expressed by him in the essay "The Sovereign" (1532). Similar thoughts are... Phraseology Handbook
Razg. On the justification of immoral ways to achieve goals. BMS 1998, 612 ... Big Dictionary Russian sayings
The problem expressed in famous maxim“The end justifies the means” and is associated with the value aspect of the relationship between C. and S. and, accordingly, with the choice and evaluation of means in expedient activity. Regarding the solution to this problem in the popular ... Philosophical Encyclopedia
The goal is an image of the desired future, the ideal result that political subjects strive for, which is the motive for activity. The goal in politics, in addition to motivational, also fulfills organizational, mobilization ... ... Political science. Dictionary.
Wed There are many means to get rid of it... The goal sanctifies the means... Our Brotherhood allows Us in cases like this To resort to a dagger or poison. Gr. A. Tolstoy. Don Juan. 1. Wed. Some Jesuits say that every remedy is good, as long as ... ... Michelson's Big Explanatory Phraseological Dictionary
Adverb, number of synonyms: 3 the game is not worth the candle (11) inappropriate (14) ... Synonym dictionary
One of the elements of behavior and consciousness. human activity, which characterizes the anticipation in thinking of the result of the activity and the way of its implementation with the help of the definition. funds. C. acts as a way of integration various activities… … Philosophical Encyclopedia
Books
- The end justifies the means, Alexey Fomichev. He wanders from world to world - and longs to return home, to our reality, and when he returns, he dreams of new travels. But now he, who miraculously escaped death in the trap of the Perimeter, and hard ...
It seems to me, friends, that everything we have already seen performed by Real Madrid and Barcelona in the spring of 2011 was nothing more than a warm-up before the main battles of the year for them. From a draw in the championship, no one felt cold or hot.
Champions League. 1/2 finals. The first match
Judge: Wolfgang Stark (Ergolding, Germany).
Bookmaker quotes: 2.64 – 3.40 – 2.80.
The victory of Madrid in the Cup, of course, amused the vanity of the capital, but nothing more. Cup he is a cup - to him, not only in Spain, the attitude is condescendingly cool.
Whether it's the Champions League. This is where genuine passions and significant fees are. That's where the prestige is! It's probably even good that at first they warmed up at home - now they are guaranteed to "light up" in Europe. There was simply no point in hiding something from each other and normalizing the load. Everything went by the wayside - even the ending. The third round of Clasico is on the agenda. The climax is near...
The coaches of the teams, long-time acquaintances from cooperation in Barça of the last century, were already strong enough not to say stupid things to each other before the last games, but before today's meeting they still could not restrain themselves. And in absentia they exchanged barbs.
Mourinho, in particular, said that his young Catalan colleague is a one-of-a-kind specialist who scolds judges for right decisions and caustically reminded the guest how his team overcame Chelsea at one time, and this year - Arsenal. The hint is clear. In both cases, according to the English fans, there were effective referee errors in favor of the Blaugrand. In Barcelona, of course, there is a different opinion on this matter. However, Jose is not interested in it.
Guardiola also did not get into his pocket for a word. “In this room, he’s the damn boss, the damn master,” the guest coach irritably threw in the press center of the Santiago Bernabeu stadium. And I'm not going to compete with him in this. But as soon as he allows himself to address me familiarly, well, then I will do the same.
Cristiano Ronaldo and Marcelo are preparing for the battle with Barcelona
It was obvious from the excited state of the Catalan that Mourinho's remarks had achieved their goal. Perhaps this is what the cunning Jose wanted - to sow nervousness in the enemy camp. We already know: in war, all means are good ...
Although, to be honest, I doubt that Barça's leaders can be pissed off with such things - tea, not the first time in Clasico. Much more guests are concerned about personnel problems. Here they are just at the "Blaugran" are really big. Guardiola must have already forgotten those blessed times when he had no problems in defense. Now they are chasing him literally on the heels. Didn't have time to recover Carles Puyol how a tumor in the liver was found in Erica Abidal. Recovered long-suffering Gabriel Milito- broke Adriano. Remains out of the game Maxwell. And this means that in Madrid the Barca coach will again have to sculpt the defense “from what was.” He doesn't have much. Puyol is likely to move to the left, and his place in the center will be taken by a nominal defensive midfielder Javier Mascherano.
Guardiola is even more worried about injury Iniesta. Damage to the calf muscle, apparently, will not allow Andres to go to the Bernabeu lawn. Consequently, Pep will also have to rebuild the attack group. This is already more serious.
Mourinho also has losses - moreover, approximately equivalent to the Catalan ones. Disqualification left stopper out of work Ricardo Carvalho, injury - central midfielder Sami Khediru. But Jose, unlike the enemy, has a significant replenishment. The championship game with Valencia, in fact, was “made” by two people - Kaka And Gonzalo Higuain. The Brazilian scored four points in the "goal + pass" system, the Argentine - five! And this extravaganza ended with a score of 6:3 in favor of Real Madrid. Meanwhile, neither one nor the other has played with Barcelona this year. With such a “gold reserve”, Mourinho can look to the future with optimism. And even make jokes about the opponent ...
Statistics also speak in favor of the hosts. Twice the Spanish giants faced off in the European semi-finals, in 1960 and 2002, and both confrontations ended in favor of Madrid. Real Madrid, in the end, took the main trophy to their hands: in the first case, the Champions Cup, in the second, the Champions League.
If modern Real Madrid does the same, Mourinho will become the first coach in the world to win the Champions League with three different teams. Guardiola, as you understand, will try to prevent this. Trying very hard...
Introduction: What can be worse than war for humanity? Terrible, of course, natural disasters, and epidemics, but they do not depend on human will. War is the concentration of hatred and anger in the people, their destructive outburst. How much grief and tears it brings, how many human lives it takes, how many destinies it destroys!
It is terrible that innocent people, civilians and children are dying. Our people had to endure many wars, but the First World War, Civil War and Second World War were especially destructive and cruel. world war. Many writers, both Russian and foreign, addressed this topic. They condemn the war, its stinking breath, they talk about its perniciousness. But it also happens, as in a patriotic war - an enemy has come, you need to defend your homeland. War is inevitable. Are all means good? What is possible in war, what is not?
Arguments: in the epic story "War and Peace" shows the illusory nature of military glory. Andrei Bolkonsky, having come into contact with the abomination of war, understands its inhumanity. As a person with high moral principles, he considers not every means justified. Napoleon, on the other hand, goes to glory, covering the road with the corpses of soldiers.
Tragic moment from civil war pulled out by Mikhail Sholokhov. Ilya Bunchuk seeks to defeat the bourgeoisie at any cost, believing that in war all means are good. His reprisals against the opponents of the revolution are extremely cruel. But the price turned out to be too expensive for him - Ilya lost his mind. The highest value on earth - human life. The death of a person is equivalent to the death of the whole universe. You can not take the life of your own kind and remain without punishment.
War awakens and brings out the low human feelings, the animal fear of death often becomes the cause of betrayal and betrayal. A striking example this Alexey Shvabrin from "" Pushkin. The fear of death makes him a traitor, there is nothing left in him worthy of the title of a nobleman and just a man.
Unnecessarily, the US bombed nuclear bombs above Japanese cities Hiroshima and Nagasaki to assert their positions. Many civilians were killed, including children. There is no justification for this kind of warfare; nothing threatened the life of the American people. This is just a sadistic reprisal of the winner over the vanquished, the strong over the weak.
Great Patriotic War Soviet people With Nazi Germany left us horrendous welts and scars as a memory of how horrific the means of warfare can be. Mass extermination population, concentration camps, burned villages, young people taken prisoner, looting and violence - these are the means. Who will return the ruined lives of young people, will collect the shed tears of widows, mothers, orphans? Who has the power to do this? IN Soviet army reprisals against the civilian population, looting were forbidden, there was a high military discipline. For me personally, this is a sign of moral and ethical superiority.
Conclusion: There are inevitable wars when our consent is not asked. Often our people had to wage wars of liberation, and the main thing in war is to be able to remain human. Massacres against the civilian population, especially cruel methods of conducting military operations are unacceptable. Above all, human life should be valued.
War, without a doubt, is one of the most terrible trials that can befall a person. Nothing brings so much misfortune, so much sorrow and suffering, as their wars bring. From petty tribal skirmishes to the cataclysmic conflicts of the 20th century, they have haunted humanity throughout history. In addition to the enormous risk to life, war is also the hardest test of the human psyche. To remain a man at the front, when comrades are dying around him every day, or in the rear, when you constantly live in fear for your loved ones, afraid to receive a fatal letter from the front - this can only be truly endured. strong-willed Human. I believe that the consequentialist principle "all means are good in war" is a fundamentally wrong view of the world, especially in the conditions of real military operations.
Talking about the war, it's hard not to remember one of the greatest works Russian and world literature - "War and Peace" by L.
N. Tolstoy. Tolstoy's ideas of non-violence made a huge contribution to Russian philosophy, and were also reflected in the characters of many of the heroes of this work. Supreme manifestation moral character and philanthropy is an episode in which Natasha Rostova, a man with extremely wealthy inner world, in tears, persuades his parents to give all the carts that were at the disposal of the Rostov family to the wounded soldiers, who otherwise would have faced inevitable death in French captivity. In this scene, the goal is to evacuate Moscow at the lowest possible cost, but to achieve this goal, the Rostovs would have to refuse help to the soldiers. This did not happen only thanks to Natasha, who was able to convince the whole family and dispose of the carts fairly.
Another episode, incredibly difficult for both the reader and the characters, we meet in the epic novel " Quiet Don» Mikhail Sholokhov.
Here the heroes face even more ordeal- civil, "fratricidal" war. Ilya Bunchuk is an example of a person who is ready to do anything for the sake of the party and the "fight against the bourgeois system." He is engaged in agitation at the front, preparing militias in the rear, making every effort to suppress the white movement. However, even he is unable to withstand the work of the commandant of the revolutionary tribunal. After a week of constant executions of the White Guards, Bunchuk's psyche was finally shaken. He suddenly realized what terrible sin committed, "bringing the revolution to the masses." The death of his beloved finally breaks him: death for him becomes lucky chance deliverance from suffering.
Thus, for the example of two various works we made sure that, no matter what the circumstances, the most important thing is to maintain basic moral guidelines and not turn from a man into a beast. I would like to end with a quote from a textbook on philosophy: “A person who violates the fundamental moral principles, undoubtedly, acts against himself, since he destroys his psyche due to the constant conflict of consciousness and subconsciousness. He cannot avoid this conflict, even if he convinces himself that he does not care about high morality.
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Updated: 2017-09-25
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