What is a popular symbol of the country. National symbols
NATIONAL SYMBOLS
STATE SYMBOLS; NATIONAL SYMBOLS(Greek symbolon - sign) - special, usually historically established, distinctive signs of a particular state established by the constitution or special law, personifying its national sovereignty, identity, and sometimes also bearing a certain ideological see. To the main S.g. usually include the state flag, state emblem, state anthem, state colors, standard of the head of state, state seal, the motto of the state. Sometimes constitutions are classified as S.g. certain solemn dates (for example, the Constitution of Romania 1991 - National Day of December 1). S.g. are usually established by the constitution of the state, and their detailed description and the procedure for use are determined in a special law or other act of national significance. The state has the exclusive right to establish its symbols. Violation of the procedure for using S.g., as well as disrespectful attitude they, and especially their desecration, are subject to administrative or criminal punishment. According to Art. 70 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the state flag, coat of arms and anthem of the Russian Federation, their description and procedure for official use are established by the Federal Code of Law. Avakyaya S.A.
Encyclopedia of Lawyer. 2005 .
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Every country in the world has such national attributes as a flag, anthem and a seal. And the United States is no exception. Symbols of the USA, symbols of American statehood (Symbols of the USA) are the topic of many articles and books. But what are the basic facts you need to know about them?
US flag or "stars and stripes"
Government offices, streets decorated with flags in different countries most often seen on holidays or on the eve of them. In America, flags always hang not only on government buildings, but also on houses ordinary citizens. A large number of American flags are the first thing you notice when traveling through the states.
The American flag - the tricolor - is represented by three colors: white, red and blue. These colors have deep meaning: Red symbolizes bravery and valor, while white symbolizes innocence and purity, and blue symbolizes justice, perseverance and vigilance. The banner is decorated with 13 stripes - 13 British colonies, which formed the state. The stars on the flag, there are 50 of them, mean the 50 states included in the this moment into the United States.
The flag has many different interpretations, one of them belongs to George Washington, and it says the following: “We took the stars from Heaven; the red color meant the country from which we sailed; white stripes on red are a symbol of the fact that we have disconnected from it, and the stripes will have to symbolize the freedom of future generations.”
The Flag of the United States is also called "Stars and stripes", "Old Glory" and "The Star-Spangled Banner".
Two sides of the Great Seal of the USA
This seal serves as a tool to authenticate documents issued by the US Government. The Great Seal of the United States is depicted on back side one dollar bill. On the left side of the banknote you can see the image of the reverse side of the seal, and on the right - the front side.
Although seals typically have only one side, the Great Seal of the United States has two. The front part is considered the coat of arms of America. The obverse of the US coat of arms is a bald eagle, the symbol of the USA, in whose paws there are 13 arrows and olive branch with the same amount of leaves and olives. Thus, the eagle announces to the world that the United States calls for peace, but is also ready for war.
The reverse side of the great seal also carries deep meaning. Sometimes it is even called spiritual. It is represented by a pyramid with 13 steps and the year 1776 at the foot, which is written in Roman numerals. Above the top of the pyramid is the Eye of Providence and the motto on Latin"Annuit Coeptis", which means "It favors our endeavors." Under the pyramid lies a scroll with the following saying: “A new order for all ages.” This seal is kept by the Secretary of State, and it is placed only on presidential addresses and international agreements.
The word “seal” in English is “stamp, seal”, and the Great Seal of the United States is “Great Seal of the United States”.
US anthem
The text for the American anthem was Francis Scott Key's poem "The Defense of Fort McHenry." This poem was written after the writer witnessed the shelling of the fortress during the Anglo-American War of 1812-1815. In their anthem, called “The Star-Spangled Banner,” the American people sing about the flag. The song became officially considered an anthem only in 1931, and before that the United States did not have an anthem.
The word "hymn" in English means "church anthem", and the national anthem is "national anthem".
Feathered symbol of America
Among the symbols of the United States there are also representatives of the animal world - the eagle, or rather the bald eagle, which in English is called “bald eagle”. This national bird(national bird) is depicted on the coat of arms, banknotes and various official documents. The Great Seal of the United States is also decorated with an eagle.
In America, there are laws that prohibit killing birds without the appropriate permit.
American mottos
The phrase “In God We Trust,” which translates as “In God we trust,” is the official motto of the United States (national motto). It is printed on all paper banknotes of the country. Sometimes the phrase becomes a source of controversy among Americans. The fact is that religious freedom is a very important aspect for every person in America. This is even stated in the US Constitution. You can profess any religion, or not profess any religion at all.
Another famous motto of the American people is “E Pluribus Unum”, which translated from Latin means “Out of many, one.” This motto appears on the coat of arms of the United States and the Benfica football club (Lisbon). The quote belongs to Cicero (speech “On Virtues”). The phrase consists of 13 letters - the original number of states that once formed the union now known as the United States of America. Today the motto is interpreted as representing the unity of a nation that once consisted of many nationalities that came to America. The expression "E pluribus unum" can be seen on all US coins.
Other US symbols
The state symbols of the USA are also the Liberty Bell, which rang at the time of the adoption of the Declaration of Independence, a gray-haired man with a goatee in a top hat and clothes of national colors - “Uncle Sam”, who has become a stable American symbol. For example, the phrase something is needed “for Uncle Sam” means that something is needed for the United States.
Buildings are also symbols of the USA. national importance: the well-known Statue of Liberty, The White house(the White House), as the presidential residence, the Capitol (United States Capitol) - personifying parliamentary power, the building Supreme Court in Washington, the George Washington, Lincoln and Thomas Jefferson Memorials, Independence Hall and Mount Rushmore Arlington National Cemetery.
Some of the unique symbols include the sports games beloved by American citizens: baseball and American football, hamburgers and hot dogs, apple pie, bourbon (a type of whiskey), as well as Disneyland, Hollywood film studios, the lights of Las Vegas and Niagara Falls.
Words on the topic national symbols
- Patriotism - patriotism.
- National colors - national colors, this phrase also translates as national flag.
- Motherland/Homeland/Native - land.
- National myths.
- Coat of arms, coat of arms - coat of arms.
- Folk costume - folk costume.
- Folk dance - folk dance.
- National animal - national animal.
- National tree - national tree - oak - oak.
- National flower - national flower - rose -rose.
For anyone who studies in depth English language and plans further training in the USA or plans to become a citizen of an American state, you need to know all the facts described above.
National flag
On March 12, 1806, even before the start of the general struggle for independence from the Spanish crown, Francisco Miranda, one of the pioneers of the fight against the Spaniards, together with other like-minded people, for the first time adopted as a banner a flag with the colors shown. Although the banner under which the patriots opposed the colonialists changed several times - after independence, Simon Bolivar adopted a flag for the Republic of New Granada that was very similar to the one shown here. After the breakup of the country into Colombia, Venezuela and Ecuador, the national banners have the same colors three countries preserved.
In Colombia, this flag was finally approved as the official national flag by the adoption of the relevant law on May 17, 1924.
The meaning of each three colors The flag is as follows: yellow symbolizes wheat and gold. Wheat for baking bread is the basis of national food, gold is the wealth of the country, giving it power, and the sun is a symbol of prosperous life; Blue colour symbolizes the country’s water space - seas, rivers and lakes, of which Colombia is rich, as well as clear skies; red is a reminder of how much blood of patriots was shed in the struggle for independence.
According to the law, the national flag must be displayed on every public or private house on national holidays— July 20 and August 7. The national flag, like other national symbols, should be treated with respect. Any insult to national symbols may be punishable by law.
National emblem
The National Coat of Arms of Colombia is probably the earliest adopted national symbol.
The coat of arms was approved as a national symbol on May 9, 1834, shortly after the country's liberation from Spanish colonialism.
At that time, the republic was called New Granada, as recalled by the open pomegranate at the top of the coat of arms. On its sides there are two golden horns, symbolizing the wealth of the country: gold pours from one, and all kinds of fruits of the earth from the other. The middle part is occupied by a red cap, worn on a spear, as a symbol of the patriots’ struggle for freedom. At the bottom two ships are shown: in the Caribbean and in Pacific Ocean, symbolizing the benefits of the strategic position of the country, which has access to two oceans. Above the coat of arms is an Andean condor with open wings and a wreath of laurel, as a symbol of the freedom that should reign in the country. Below the condor flutters a gold ribbon on which are written the words “Liberty and Order.” Surrounding the coat of arms are four national flag, symbolizing the natural regions into which the country is conventionally divided.
National flower
Colombia is home to the largest number of orchid species in the world; More than 3,500 species have been recognized by botanists, but Cattleya Trianae is one of the most common species and grows exclusively in this country. This orchid bears its name in honor of the Colombian botanist Jose Jeronimo Triana, who devoted most of his life to the study of these amazing plants.
In 1936, the Columbia Academy of History nominated Cattleya Trianae as the country's national plant symbol.
National animal symbol
Although it has not yet been officially adopted as a national symbol, the Andean condor has been present in most versions of the national emblem of Colombia since the last century, incl. and in the present. The Andean Condor is the largest and most majestic bird that crosses the skies of the Andes. Its wingspan can reach three meters, weight reaches 12 kilograms. Its power and strength are enormous; it can fly up to 200 leagues in a day. The condor rises into the sky only in sunny days, and its smooth, soaring flight delights everyone who manages to witness this unique spectacle. The plumage of its body has a shiny black color, and when light is reflected it gives a bluish tint; white feathers are visible on the neck. For all this he was given the nickname - the eternal bird. Inhabits the highest and most inaccessible altitudes of the Andean Cordillera.
Millions come to Russia every year foreign tourists. They come to see the homeland of Pushkin and Dostoevsky, admire the Russian ballet and make sure that bears are walking on Red Square.
Those who are not attracted by the northern expanses also have their own opinion about our country. They watch the events while sitting on the sofa, turning on the TV, and will probably be able to distinguish the flag of our homeland from the Union Jack without much difficulty. In this article, we have collected the official and unofficial symbols of Russia, which are most often mentioned by foreigners.
Official symbols of Russia
The coat of arms, flag and anthem are the official symbols of any modern state. They are enshrined at the legislative level and personify the identity of the country. Not a single victory of our athletes or a meeting at the highest level is possible without them. 
The coat of arms of the state is a distinctive sign, an emblem on which objects are depicted national pride. The double-headed eagle on the coat of arms of Russia appeared in the Middle Ages. Ivan III, having married Byzantine princess Sofia, took her family coat of arms, hoping that this gesture will strengthen the position of our country, emphasizing the transfer of power fallen Byzantium to the Russian state.
Russian flag consists of white, blue and red horizontal stripes. The first flags of Ancient Rus' were military banners. The most common color on them was red, as the most solemn and beautiful.
At the end of the 17th century, white, blue and red were recognized as the state colors of Russia, and during the Peter the Great period the current order of stripes on the flag was determined. According to legend, it was difficult for the sailors to remember the order of the colors, and for this they were mercilessly flogged. To avoid punishment, resourceful sailors came up with a word to remember - “besik” - it is impossible to confuse colors with it.
Since then, the colors of the Russian national flag have changed periodically. Last time from 1917 to 1989, the symbol of the Soviet state was the red flag, the color of which represented the blood shed by the fighters for a brighter future. On August 24, 1991, the tricolor flag hoisted over the Kremlin immediately after the decision of the Extraordinary Session of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR to recognize it as a state flag.
Hymn. “Russia is our sacred power...” - these words, heard at the most solemn moments, belong to Sergei Mikhalkov (the same one who wrote “Uncle Styopa”) and Gabriel El-Registan. The test was set to music by Alexander Alexandrov.
Anthem of Russia (rock version). Beautiful video
Until the 18th century, the religious theme of chants dominated in Russia, and only during the time of Peter the Great did it begin to appear secular music. The first official anthem was “The Prayer of the Russians”, authored by the poet V.A. Zhukovsky.
International - unofficial anthem young Country of Soviets
Unofficial symbols of Russia
In addition to state symbols, there are also so-called unofficial symbols - what Russia is associated with in the minds of its citizens and foreigners:People who glorified our country;
Famous places;
Great achievements;
Natural monuments: high mountains, deep rivers, huge lakes;
Household items;
Toys, musical instruments, clothing;
Plants and animals.
Some of the most popular symbols of the country will be discussed below.
Why is the birch tree a symbol of Russia?
There are many birches in Russia. They became a part of the life of Russian people: in the summer they provided shelter from the sun, and in the winter they provided fire to warm the peasant huts. Birch bast was used to weave bast shoes and tueskas, and the first records were made on birch bark. 
Since ancient times, this tree has been endowed with special properties, considering it a symbol of purity and femininity. Our ancestors believed that not only girls, but also mermaids could not ignore the beauty of birch groves, gathering in such places to dance in circles.
With the baptism of Rus', the birch became associated with church holiday Trinity. Temples and homes were decorated with young branches.
« White birch under my window...” - the heartfelt words of Sergei Yesenin, especially revered among emigrants who were homesick, forever placed this tree on the pedestal of the main symbols of Russia.
Red Square
Red Square is the heart of our state and the center of Moscow - one of the largest cities in Russia. Many pass here important events: Victory Parade, concerts on the occasion significant dates, and here is also the “altar of Russia” - that’s what Mikhail Lermontov called the Moscow Kremlin. 
Architectural ensemble the main square of the country, a bizarre mixture of buildings different eras, organically illustrates the history of Russia. Its decoration is St. Basil's Cathedral - one of the most famous Orthodox churches in our country. It was erected in the middle of the 16th century on the occasion of the capture of Kazan.
St. Basil's Cathedral - a symbol of Russia
The Diamond Fund is the most popular museum in the Kremlin. It features unique precious stones, gold nuggets, art objects, including the imperial scepter, small and large imperial crowns. These values were official symbols Tsarist Russia.
Matryoshka
This is the most famous wooden transforming doll in Russia. The name apparently comes from the Russian name Matrona, and the root of this word “mother” is not accidental. Foreigners affectionately call it “Babushka doll” with an emphasis on U. The matryoshka symbolizes motherhood, fertility, and femininity. It appeared in the 19th century, the author is considered to be the artist Sergei Malyutin. 
In Japan there is a similar toy - a figurine of the wise old man Fukurama, also consisting of several dolls nested one inside the other. She could be the prototype of the Russian nesting doll.
Russian troika
This is the name given to an ancient horse-drawn team consisting of three horses. For the residents of our country, the road has always had a special meaning: endless open spaces, long journeys to winter time... All this is invariably connected with horses - faithful companions of wanderers. The method of moving in threes made it possible to cover long distances at a fairly serious speed, about 50 km per hour. Such teams appeared 200 years ago, and since 1840 they began to organize triple competitions. 
The number "three" also had sacred meaning for the Russian people: the holiday of the Trinity, the proverb “God loves the Trinity,” three heroes, three wishes that are granted by a goldfish.
Balalaika
This favorite musical instrument of the Russian people is made in the form of a triangle with a neck and has 3 strings. It has existed for more than 200 years. Modern look I acquired the balalaika thanks to the musician Vasily Andreev. 
Existing myth“In Russia, many people have been playing the balalaika since childhood.”
There is no consensus on the origin of the balalaika. Some researchers claim that the instrument has Tatar or Kyrgyz roots, others insist on its Slavic origin. The balalaika always accompanied peasant holidays and moments of relaxation; buffoons played them masterfully.
Samovar
It came into use among the Russian people in the 19th century after tea became widespread. The symbol of a hospitable home and family comfort has become the hero of proverbs, sayings and songs. The Urals are considered its homeland. In Zarechye in 1778, the Lisitsin brothers made the first samovar, and then they organized a factory for their production. 
It is known that at the wedding of Sergei Yesenin and Isadora Duncan there were samovars on the tables, from which they drank not tea, but cognac. Such a sham was associated with the Prohibition Law in force at that time in the United States, which prohibited the import and consumption of alcoholic beverages.
From bast shoes to earflaps
Speaking about the symbols of Russia, one cannot fail to mention items of national clothing. Lapti are a common version of peasant footwear. They were made from bast or birch bark. The peasants were poor and such cheap, but very short-lived shoes became a symbol of poverty and illiteracy of the people. From here to everyone famous proverbs and expressions: “bast shoes” (about a simpleton), “we don’t slurp cabbage soup with bast shoes.” 
Valenki are a winter version of warm and comfortable felt shoes, a symbol of the ingenuity of the Russian people. They were first mentioned in “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign.”
Ushanka is a warm hat. It is believed that it appeared in Russian usage thanks to the Mongols, who protected themselves from cold winds with sheepskin hats. They were called malachai.
Kokoshnik is a headdress in the form of a fan over the head. Usually women wore it on holidays. Known since ancient Rus', was in use of all classes. IN modern Russia– a mandatory attribute of the Snow Maiden costume.
What else do foreigners associate Russia with?
If you ask any foreigner what Russia is associated with in their minds, you will very likely hear:Two troubles. Many people in Russia and abroad know the country’s two main problems: roads and fools. And if fools are a joke, then the situation with roads in Russia is indeed not the most favorable.
Free Powerpoint Templates Animals national symbols of the countries of the world MKOU Trinity-Sungur secondary school
Animals as symbols In most states national symbols become representatives of the fauna. The fact is that in ancient times many settlements had their own animal totems, and in our century the old beliefs migrated in a transformed form. There are well-known examples; it is known that most people identify Spain with a bull, Australia with a kangaroo, and Russia with a bear. But not all countries are so simple. For example, which animals belong to Croatia or Venezuela? Let's take a short tour of the zoological map of the world.
The symbol of Russia is the brown bear. Brown bear- one of the largest and most dangerous land predators. As a symbol of Russia, the bear appeared in the West in the 18th century. Western countries, argued that Russia is a "big, clumsy and cruel" country.
The symbol of China is the panda. Literally translated from Chinese, “panda” means “bear-cat,” which fully justifies its image. These wonderful animals used to inhabit the entire East Asia, but now, their habitat has decreased significantly, and the species itself was listed in the Red Book.
The symbol of Australia is the kangaroo. His image now adorns the passports of Australian residents. According to legend, it was this animal that was first seen by Captain Cook’s expedition, which discovered the continent.
The symbol of France is the rooster. By official version, the rooster became a symbol of France because the French consider themselves descendants of the Gauls, and in Latin “Galls” and “roosters” sound the same - galli.
The symbol of Canada is the beaver. IN XVII-XVIII centuries Beaver fur hats came into fashion in Europe. And on the territory of Canada lived great amount beavers The hunt began for them, and, thanks to this, it was discovered and explored most of territory of Canada. This is the historical incident due to which the beaver became a symbol of the state.
The symbol of England is the lion. This is one of the oldest and most popular heraldic symbols. In England, King Henry I (1070-1135) used a lion in the ornament of his shield.
The elephant is the symbol of Thailand. Represents luck, strength and wisdom His image is found in Buddhist temples, on coins, royal symbols Previously image white elephant decorated the Thai national flag
The symbol of Mongolia is the horse. It is a symbol of courage and grace. One of the main friends and helpers of a person. In heraldic symbolism, the horse combines the courage of a lion, the vision of an eagle, the strength of an ox, the speed of a deer and the agility of a fox.
The symbol of Norway, Finland, Sweden is the moose. For a long time, man has worshiped the elk. According to legend, the hero Main, the guardian spirit of the change of day and night, on winged skis bravely rushed in pursuit of the space alien elk who stole the sun, overtook him and returned the day to people.
The symbol of India is the Bengal tiger. He is the hero of myths and legends, but now the question is that he himself does not become a myth and legend. As a result of sport hunting, collecting trophies and tiger skins, the tiger has become an endangered species.
The symbol of the USA is the bald eagle. This emblem was selected because this species of eagle is found only in the North. America. The eagle has become a living symbol of US freedoms, spirit and excellence.
The symbol of Columbus is the Andean condor. It is the largest and most majestic bird of all that crosses the skies of the Andes. He was given the nickname - the eternal bird. Inhabits the highest and most inaccessible altitudes of the Andean Cordillera.
The symbol of Madagascar is the zebu (humpbacked cow). By folk beliefs, in the image of this animal the virtues of deity, the indissoluble connection with ancestors, the fertility of the land and the continuation of the human race are embodied.
The symbol of Congo is the okapi (forest giraffe). Its numbers are limited and are found in a small area. It is an endemic animal of this country.
The symbol of New Zealand is the kiwi. A unique species found only in New Zealand, first seen by Cook. This fluffy “chicken” is depicted on banknotes, and a famous fruit is named after her.
Symbol United Arab Emirates- Hawk. It is a symbol of cruelty, assertiveness, malice and recklessness, reflecting the specifics of this country.
The symbol of Kazakhstan is the snow leopard. The snow leopard is present in the heraldry of Kazakhstan as state symbol, personifying the power and greatness of the country.
The symbol of Switzerland is the cow. At Zurich airport, the sound of jingling bells and prolonged mooing sounds - a kind of greeting to guests. And nearby, of course, are cows - the main producers of milk, from which they make cheeses and chocolate, for which Switzerland is so famous.
The symbol of Poland is the bison. The largest population of this endangered species lives in the territory of Belovezhskaya Pushcha. This animal in Polish culture has so merged with the concept of national self-identification that it is even reflected in people’s surnames: Bison, Zubrovsky, Zubrytsky.
The symbol of Bolivia is the alpaca, depicted on the country's coat of arms. These animals live high in the mountains and can easily withstand harsh conditions. climatic conditions thanks to its fur. Alpaca wool is highly prized.
The symbol of Japan is the Japanese pheasant. The reason for choosing the pheasant is that it is characteristic of Japanese landscapes and often appears in folk tales, thus being as if integral part Japanese culture.
The symbol of Germany is the white-tailed eagle. The Germanic eagle is actually a Roman eagle. It was Charlemagne in 800 who restored the fundamental symbol of the eagle, making it the emblem of his state.
The symbol of Belarus is the stork. It symbolizes national purity and identity.
The symbol of Lapland is the reindeer. It is a semi-domestic animal living in the northernmost part of Europe. It is an important part of Lapland tourism and the most best helper Santa Claus.
