Proverbs of different peoples of the world and their meaning. Proverbs of different nations

They don’t take a leopard by the tail, but if they take it, they don’t let go. (Kalmyk)

Run forward and look back. (Ossetian)

Do not go idle - you will trample your boots. (Russian)

Without long roads - who knows if the horse is good. (Viet.)

You can't do anything without damage. Doesn't spoil who doesn't. (Russian)

Without a dispute - soon, but not hard. (Russian)

Do not show your mother to your father without jewelry. (uzb.)

Beat your own, strangers will be afraid. (Russian)

Preservation is better than divination. (Russian)

Thrift is real alchemy

Birch is not a threat: where it stands, it makes noise there. (Russian)

I always take it on my own, so as not to grunt when walking. (Russian)

Take care of what is on your shoulder. (uzb.)

Worry about what to buy, not about what to sell. (Arab.)

It's pointless to shoot an arrow without a target. (jap.)

A battle is better than idleness. (chicken)

Gratitude is the least of the virtues, ingratitude the worst of the vices. (English)

Close is cheap, expensive is far. (Russian)

God is with you, but pray for sins yourself! (Russian)

The rich man is not immortal and the hero is not eternal. (Mong.)

Pray to God, and row to the shore. (Russian)

Fear God: death is at the door. (Russian)

Be afraid to live, but don't be afraid to die. (Russian)

Be afraid of the goat sleeping in the lion's den. (house.)

Be afraid to offend a friend and betray the secret to the enemy. (Bashkir.)

Fear the one who fears you. (Persian.)

A big tree likes a strong wind. (cargo.)

Turn a big scandal into a small one, a small one into nothing. (whale.)

To take is a sin, and to lose is doubly so. (uzb.)

Drop the old, take on your new. (Turkm.)

Let's keep quiet and wait. (Russian)

Be well-behaved - and then the rumor of detractors will involuntarily become muffled. (taj.)

Be persistent, no matter how bad things get. (Turkm.)

There is only the wrong path, but there are no hopeless situations. (whale.)

You can't win a battle with former glory. (Russian)

Be too soft? Soft bend. Being too hard? Break the hard. (Dagest.) Grain does not blow in a calm. (darg.)

There is no personal animosity in big things. (Russian)

Do not let go of the steering wheel in a storm - the boat will flood. (oeng.)

Don't quarrel with crocodiles in the water. (ind.)

In sorrow - look for happiness. (Russian)

On a long journey there is no light luggage. (whale.)

On the day of victory, they forget about the destruction; at the hour of death, they do not remember about medicines. (Beng.)

In a good hour, the path is easy. (Russian)

In a fight, both sides are to blame. (jap.)

There is strength in unity. (ind.)

There are seven failures and seven successes in life. (jap.)

At other times, you don't need to know what people are saying. (Russian)

They don't look at the last year's calendar for the next year. (whale.)

In one hour you can destroy what has been created for centuries. (English)

Don't knock on the open door. (Russian)

Repetition is useful. (Arab.)

On the way, do not count the distance. (whale.)

On the way you need a companion, in life - sympathy. (jap.)

Lost in the herd - in the herd and look. (whale.)

In the land of the blind, close your eyes; in the land of the lame, tighten your leg. (Kalmyk)

It's good to whisper in the dark, but not to catch fleas. (German)

There is gold in patience. (Ossetian)

In a difficult hour, perseverance is needed; in an hour of fun, vigilance is needed. (Mong.)

What you are called to, stay in it! (Russian)

Do not go to a strange monastery with your charter! (Russian)

The crown of courage is modesty. (Arab.)

Loyalty is known during great troubles. (Viet.)

The item for sale is decorated with flowers. (jap.)

Weighing is not harmful, but being too zealous in this is shameful. (Ossetian)

I took a plum - return the peach. (Viet.)

Seen is better than heard. (varnish)

What has been seen needs no explanation. (Arab.)

Seeing a hole, do not fall in vain; not invited to the feast, do not go! (Russian)

Instead of opening your mouth, open your eyes. (arm.)

Stock up first, then move in. (uzb.)

In time of peace, do not forget the danger of war. (jap.)

In any case, you need to think three times. (whale.)

Water takes the form of a vessel (i.e. the environment affects a person.) (Japanese)

When you ascend, you humble yourself, and when you humble yourself, you ascend. (Russian) vPraising yourself is a waste of time: if you are good, they will understand. (Dagest.)

Look forward once, look back five times. (Bashkir.)

Ahead you can’t measure where to fall and where to stand up. (Russian)

Even the sun cannot be completely trusted. (Ossetian)

An enemy in front is better than a friend behind. (cargo.)

It is better to keep the enemy in the field than to drive him out of your home. (Zulu.)

The enemy has nothing to ask. (Turkm.)

Enmity and friendship are brothers. (cargo.)

Enmity and prejudice are bad advisers and dangerous guides. (French)

Uphill time, downhill time. (Russian)

Everything is difficult at first. (Viet.)

All is well in due time. (English and Russian)

You can't do everything all of a sudden. (Russian)

Everything has a change. (Russian)

Every cricket know your hearth. (Russian)

Every quarrel is red with the world. (Russian)

Any advice is bitter. (Persian.)

Every day has its own care. (Russian)

Every lie to yourself with a lie. (Russian)

Choose your companion before you hit the road. (Arab.)

Choose a place to live, a friend to play. (Viet.)

Choose a rod for fishing, and a hook for fish. (Russian)

Suffered happiness is stronger. (Russian)

You can't jump above your head. (Russian) Where a straight path is visible, do not drive along a curve. (Russian)

Where the pine has grown, there it is red. (Russian)

Where an arrow cannot pass, do not wave your saber. (Bashkir.)

Where there is no disturbance, there is no pleasure. (Russian)

Where you are happy, do not speed up there, and where you are not happy, do not visit for a century. (Russian)

It is better for the general of a defeated army not to talk about battles. (jap.)

Heroism needs no praise. (ind.)

The eye socket is not the eye. (house.)

The deep sea will not be troubled by a single stone. (Russian)

Do not be afraid of anger, do not rush to affection! (Russian)

If you get angry, bite your nose. (Turkm.)

Speak to the point, live according to your conscience. (Russian)

Talk about the future - make mice laugh under the floor. (jap.)

A dove with a dove, and a raven with a raven. (taj.)

Grief makes you old, but joy makes you young. (Russian)

Grief, like a torn dress, must be left at home. (jap.)

The mountain that you see, do not consider distant. (uzb.)

A bitter life is like a sagging candle: no light, no warmth. (taj.)

Bitter medicine knits the mouth, but the disease heals. (Viet.) Give bread to everyone, but do not eat bread from everyone. (Persian.)

Even in jokes, it is necessary to maintain a balance between "too" and "almost". (French)

Even if the enemy is weak, be ready. (azerb.)

Even if you are knee-deep in mud, reach for the sky. (Russian)

Even if you are thirsty, do not secretly drink from someone else's source. (jap.)

God forbid in youth to gnaw bones, and in old age - soft. (Russian)

God grant you claws, if only not to tear us. (Russian)

Give the other flowers to hold. (jap.)

Distant water will not save from close fire. (whale.)

A long journey begins with a close one. (jap.)

For nothing, the quail does not scream. (Russian)

It is always easier to act fairly in good fortune than in misfortune. (Russian)

Make a yoke on your shoulder. (Viet.)

Know the matter, but remember the truth. (Russian)

A tree is known by its fruits. (ind.)

Keep your head cold and your feet warm. (jap.)

Hold on to the chance, the generation did not break. (Russian)

Hold on tight until it breaks. (Russian)

The length of a road is measured by its width. (chicken)

Choose silk for clothes, a prince for friendship. (Arab.)

The catcher's prey does not wait. (Russian)

Trusting is good, trusting too much is dangerous. (Ossetian)

Be content with what has fallen to your lot. (ind.)

Waiting for the goose, don't miss the duck. (tat.)

Talk long, but do it soon. (Russian)

Home thoughts are not good for the road. (Russian)

The road even in potholes is better off-road. (Bashkir.)

A friend looks in the face, and the enemy follows. (uzb.)

Your friend is the one you love, even if he looks like a bear. (Arab.)

A friend is one who makes you cry, and an enemy is one who makes you laugh. (Persian.)

Don't judge others, look at yourself! Take off your burrs first. (Russian)

Listen to others and do your own thing. (Bashkir.)

Friendly flattery and revenge. (Russian)

Think twice, but do the same. (Russian)

Do not give in to the thought of happiness. (Russian) Thirst cannot be quenched with dew. (taj.)

To regret is not to help, if fate has come. (Russian)

Wait - do not get tired, it would be something to look for. (Russian)

Wanting a lot - wanting nothing. (yal.)

Marriage is a joy for a month and sadness for a lifetime. (Arab.)

Woman, wind and success are not constant. (ind.)

We do not grieve, we do not serve anyone. (Russian)

We live early and sow late. (Russian)

Live everyone with your goodness and with your hump! (Russian)

Live not as you want, but as God commands. (Russian)

Live with reason, and doctors are not needed. (Russian)

Live in such a way that neither from the God of sin, nor from the people of shame. (Russian)

Live, do not grieve about anything: you will live everything - maybe you will still make money. (Russian)

Live together like brothers, and in business act like strangers. (Arab.)

Don't save your belly, but don't kill your soul! (Russian)

Life is not the days that have passed, but those that are remembered. (Russian)

Life is given for good deeds. (Russian)

Live out life - and beat others, and be a bat. (Russian)

Life in a foreign land will teach itself. (Arab.)

Life goes in zigzags. (Russian)

Life is like the moon: sometimes full, sometimes at a loss. (Russian)

Life is like a river, it flows on its own. (Russian)

Hope to live, but prepare to die! (Russian) To the one who butts, approach from behind, and the one who kicks - from the front. (cargo.)

What you get used to is what you like. (Russian)

Hurry to help a stranger in trouble, but do not rush to a feast. (cargo.)

Every thing has its time. (ind.)

Every worm wants to become a dragon. (Russian)

Anyone who eats king nuts must fight for the king. (house.)

No matter how you sculpt the sand, it all crumbles. (house.)

No matter how you live, just do not anger God! (Russian)

The way you look, the way they look at you. (Persian.)

Which river to swim, that water to drink. (Russian)

A stone thrown into the river is useful to put a foot on it. (varnish)

A stone that rolls does not grow moss. (Russian)

The eve of a holiday is better than the holiday itself. (jap.)

The key is matched to the lock, not the lock to the key. (Ossetian)

When you take - swagger, but when you took it - so bow. (Russian)

When the water is above the head, it doesn't matter if it is the length of one spear or one hundred spears. (Persian.)

When the moon rises, it is easier to stay awake. (Arab.)

When it happens, everything will pass. (Russian)

When necessary, you can also intercede for the wolf. (Ossetian)

When you get to the city of the one-eyed, be one-eyed. (taj.)

When you're selling a good pearl, don't be afraid to praise it. (Viet.)

When the wave breaks, bow your head. (Arab.)

When happiness comes, don't ask who you are. (taj.)

When it's warm - don't dream about tomorrow's warmth; when happy - do not dream of future happiness. (*song.)

When you walk, don't think that you left your shadow somewhere. (house.)

The claw is stuck - the whole bird is abyss. (Russian)

Prick, fight, but hope everything. (Russian)

Whoever needs fire takes the heat with his hands. (Russian)

To those who don't care about you, don't tell them about your headache. (Adyghe)

The end of the wind is rain, the end of the game is a fight. (Turkm.)

The end shows that everyone can. (German)

The spear must be thrown by the spearman. (chicken)

A beautiful dance is good to see. (house.)

A wormhole is not a reproach to a red apple. (Russian)

Beauty does not need decorations. (ind.)

The fortress is taken from within. (cargo.)

Wings on takeoff, tail on descent. (Kazakh.)

Whoever has experienced bitterness, it is not a sin to taste the sweet. (Russian)

Whoever eats sweet must also endure bitter. (Arab.)

Who does evil - for himself, who does good - also for himself. (Abkhaz.)

Who is affectionate with you, do not be harsh with him; who came in peace, do not drive him away. (taj.)

Whoever is satisfied with little is not forgotten by God. (Russian)

Whoever runs a lot will slip at least once; whoever laughs a lot will cry at least once. (Turkm.)

He who does not run will not stumble. (Russian)

Those who do not weigh their decisions will endure insults in the answer. (taj.)

Whoever does not see you while you are sitting will not notice you when you get up. (Adyghe)

He who cannot hide his thoughts cannot be a ruler. (cargo.)

Who with a lantern - go ahead. (jap.)

Whoever does not come himself, do not follow him. (uzb.)

He who does not govern himself, he will not instruct the other on reason. (Russian)

Who suffers is lucky. (cargo.)

He who wants to be the doctor of another must not show his wounds. (German)

Who wants to appear big - small. (taj.)

Those who are generous do not need to be brave. (Persian.)

Strike while the iron is hot. (Russian)

Bought cheaper than a gift. (jap.)

When eating grapes, do not ask whose garden it is from. (taj.)

Source:

"We learn not from victories, but from defeats" - Japanese proverb

Recently, I have been interested in the topic of proverbs and sayings in different languages. I noticed that proverbs wander from one language to another, slightly changing the meaning. It is interesting to know that, for example, the proverb “If you chase two hares, you won’t catch one,” they are similar in Japanese (!) (二兎を追うものは一兎も追えず) and Russian.

I am very little familiar with Japanese, more with Chinese, but the very similarity of this proverb in such such polar cultures is amazing. Are there hares in Japan? Well, basically, it doesn't matter. The main thing to know is that proverbs are a reflection of the mentality and soul of the people, their way of life, their attitude. The proverb is always finished and carries a certain meaning.

As for the Russians and the British (try to analyze any two languages out of interest), according to proverbs, I noticed that Russian people are characterized by good nature, laziness, patriotism, conscientiousness, openness, mutual assistance.

The British are characterized by diligence, rationality, freedom-loving, restraint.

The West is organized, the Russians are more disorganized. Again, I judge based on proverbs that reflect the mentality. And that, and there are special people. In fact, people are all different, we are similar only in our fears.

Below I will analyze LITERALLY proverbs from other languages. They sound interesting.

Chinese proverb.

A thorn defends the rose, harming only those who would steal the blossom.

The thorn protects the rose, hurting only those who try to steal it in bloom.

German proverb.

God gives the nuts, but he does not crack them.

God gives nuts, but does not grind them.

Thai proverbs.

Life is so short we must move very slowly .

Life is so short, we must move very slowly.

In a battle between elephants, the ants get squashed.

In an elephant fight, the ants are always flattened.

Latin proverb.

Keep quiet and people will think you a philosopher .

Be quiet and people will think you're a philosopher.

French proverb.

With enough "ifs" we could put Paris into a bottle .

If only, if only, you could put Paris in a bottle.

Japanese proverb.

An apprentice near a temple will recite the scriptures untaught .

An apprentice near the temple expounds manuscripts without learning.

African proverb.

A fly does not mind dying in coconut cream .

The fly doesn't mind dying in coconut cream at all.

Indian proverb.

The cobra will bite you whether you call it cobra or Mr. Cobra.

A cobra will bite you, even a cobra, even if you call it "Mr. Cobra".

Swiss proverb.

When in doubt who will win, be neutral.

When in doubt who will win, stay neutral.

Jewish proverb.

If God wants people to suffer, he sends them too much understanding.

If God wants people to suffer, he sends them too much understanding.

Moroccan proverb.

Evening promises are like butter: morning comes, and it's all melted.

Evening promises are like butter: the morning comes and everything melts.

Egyptian proverb.

The barking of a dog does not disturb the man on a camel.

A barking dog does not disturb the man on the camel.

Italian proverb.

Better an egg today than a hen tomorrow.

Better an egg today than a chicken tomorrow.

Malaysian proverb.

The turtle lays thousands of eggs without anyone knowing, but when the hen lays an egg, the whole country is informed.

The turtle lays thousands of eggs and no one knows about it. But when a hen lays an egg, the whole country is informed.

American proverb.

The more sins you confess, the more books you will sell.

The more sins you admit to yourself, the more books you will sell.

Have a great day

Knowledge driven into the head is not wisdom. (Ossetian)

The whole harvest cannot fit in one bag, just as one person does not have all the knowledge. (Adyghe)

Wherever there is knowledge, follow it. (Adyghe)

The literate walks in the enlightened, and the illiterate in the dark. (Shorskaya)

For a smart person, the main motto is: "Live for a century - learn for a century." (Adyghe)

If there is no knowledge, what is the money! (Greek)

If you don't see, go up the mountain; if you do not remember, ask the elder. (Tibetan)

If you want to know a lot, you need to sleep less. (Spanish)

Knowledge does not take up much space. (Cuban)

Knowledge comes through work. (Cambodian)

Knowledge is more valuable than courage. (Greek)

And the one who knows a lot is mistaken many times. (Abkhazian)

The book is your truest friend. (Fulbe)

Who knows more, learns more. (Portuguese)

Whoever does not share his knowledge is like light in a jug. (Amharic)

Who knows nothing, he does not doubt anything. (Spanish)

The best friend is a book, the best wealth is knowledge. (Tatar)

It is not enough to see - you need to understand. (Ewe)

The world is red with the sun, and man with education. (Armenian)

A wise man always lacks knowledge. (Abkhazian)

You can't buy wisdom. (Akan)

Real knowledge is in the head, not in the notebook. (Hindi)

Science is the source of intelligence. (Tatar)

The beginning of science is the mind, the beginning of the mind is patience. (Circassian)

Without taking books in hand, you will not master science. (Colombian)

Don't imitate your teacher's mistakes. (Cambodian)

It's not a shame not to know, but it's a shame not to learn. (Tatar)

There is no barrier equal to the barrier of ignorance. (Hindi)

Lack of knowledge - shackles. (Hausa)

Education is eternal wealth. (Adyghe)

Education is the guest, mind is the host. (Abkhazian)

A man is blind without a book. (Icelandic)

What you learn diligently is not forgotten. (Mayan)

It is difficult to acquire knowledge, but it is easy to carry. (Spanish)

The mind knows no price, knowledge knows no limit. (Adyghe)

The mind is a garment that will never wear out; knowledge is a spring that you will never exhaust. (Kyrgyz)

The smart one wants to learn, the stupid one wants to teach others. (Abkhazian)

I didn’t get up in the morning - I lost a day, I didn’t study as a child - I lost my life. (Tibetan)

Learn not from the one who has lived long, but from the one who has seen a lot. (Karakalpak)

Learn from a young age - in old age you will not know hunger. (Belarusian)

To teach the old is to write on water, to teach the small is to write on stone. (Ewe)

It is good to teach someone who wants to learn. (Icelandic)

If you want to live one year, sow bread; if you want to live ten years, plant a garden; if you want to live a hundred years, teach people. (Chuvash)

The more beautiful to dress up, it is better to arm yourself with knowledge. (Tibetan)

What is remembered from a young age will not soon be forgotten. (Icelandic)

A school without discipline is a mill without water. (Czech)

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In this section, we will talk about what a proverb is.

A proverb is a phrase, a turn of speech that reflects a phenomenon of life. Often humorous.

From the simplest poetic works, such as a fable or a proverb, they can stand out and independently turn into living speech, the elements in which thicken their content; this is not an abstract formula of the idea of the work, but a figurative allusion to it, taken from the work itself and serving as its deputy (for example, “a pig under an oak”, or “a dog in the manger”, or “he takes out dirty linen from a hut”).

Dahl's definition of "a collapsible short speech, walking among the people, but not making up a complete proverb" is quite suitable for the proverb, noting at the same time a special and very common type of saying - a walking expression that has not developed to a full proverb, a new image that replaces the usual word (for example “He doesn’t knit a bast” instead of “drunk”, “he didn’t invent gunpowder” instead of “fool”, “I pull a strap”, “two bast mats for all clothes, but a festive sack”). There is no proverb here, just as there is no work of art in the emblem, which has only once for all a given meaning.

A saying, unlike a proverb, does not contain a generalizing instructive meaning. This is a rather important remark that will be of interest to lovers of proverbs and sayings.

"Hunger is not an aunt"
"Don't spit in the well"
"The word is not a sparrow"
"Teach your grandmother to suck eggs"
“He called himself a load - climb into the box”
"A fly in the ointment"
"Whatever you call a boat, that's how it will float"
"Road Spoon to Dinner"
"Trust in God, but don't make a mistake yourself"
"A friend in need is a friend indeed"
"Do not renounce the bag and prison"
"Found a scythe on a stone"
"Without God, not to the threshold"

Some sayings may sound similar but have different meanings. So, for example, along with the well-known proverb “Beats - it means loves”, there is also a proverb that reflects the folk wisdom “strokes, it means loves”.

A proverb is a widespread figurative expression that aptly defines any life phenomenon. Unlike proverbs, sayings are devoid of a direct generalized instructive meaning and are limited to a figurative, often allegorical expression: it is easy to remember, like snow on your head, to beat the thumbs - all these are typical sayings, devoid of the nature of a complete judgment. But, the saying, to an even greater extent than the proverb, conveys an emotionally expressive assessment of various life phenomena. The proverb exists in speech in order to express precisely and, above all, the feelings of the speaker. So, the proverb condemns the work that is done rudely, as it should, somehow: “Kill the bag, then we’ll sort it out.”

Sayings, due to their peculiarity of figurative expressions, more often than proverbs, come closer to linguistic phenomena. Sayings have more national, nationwide meaning and meaning than proverbs. Sayings often have all the properties of linguistic phenomena. This is the expression to put a pig in, that is, to make trouble for someone. The origin of this saying is associated with the military system of the ancient Slavs. The squad became a "wedge", like a boar's head, or a "pig", as the Russian chronicles called this system. Over time, the meaning attached to this expression in antiquity was lost.

And finally, for laughs:

List of the most famous sayings retold in scientific language:

1. "The dualistic principle of using agricultural implements on a hydrosurface" (It is written with a pitchfork on the water)

2. "The binary nature of the statements of an individual who has lost social activity" (Grandma said in two)

3. "Problems of transporting liquids in vessels with a variable density structure" (Carry water in a sieve)

4. "Optimization of the dynamics of the work of a draft vehicle, associated with the elimination of an initially destructive transport unit" (A woman with a cart is easier for a mare)

5. "Weakly expressed relevance of the use of keyboard instruments among persons of the clergy" (what the hell an accordion is)

6. "Non-standard methods of treating scoliosis through the administration of ritual services" (a humpbacked grave will correct)

7. "Problems of increasing the fine dispersion of diatomic hydrogen oxide by mechanical means" (crush water in a mortar)

8. "Latent possibilities of using verbal means of communication to optimize labor" (went on ...)

9. "The positive impact of a low IQ on an increase in the set of tasks in the process of working (fools love work)

10. "Solipsism of poultry in relation to non-ruminant mammals of the artiodactyl order" (the goose is not a friend to the pig)

11. "Characteristic external signs as a reason for usurping the most favorable social status in the market" (with a pig's snout and in a kalash row)

12. "Anthropomorphic approach to the creation of the marriage cell" (to whom the mare is the bride)

13. "Syndrome of refusal of legitimization, based on the lack of opportunities for rapid identification of the person" (I am not me, and the horse is not mine)

14. "The influence of seasonal and weather conditions on the process of accounting for birds" (chickens are counted in the fall)

15. "The ambivalent nature of neural impulses emitted by the cerebral cortex" (both wants and pricks)

16. "Patterns of the ratio of the length of the keratinized epidermis with the amount of gray matter in the cranium" (the hair is long, but the mind is short)

17. "A kind of legal act that prevails over currency funds" (an agreement is more expensive than money)

18. "The inadmissibility of using typical elements of housing architecture while denying the culminating manifestation of contemplative-tactile emotions" (love is not a potato, you can't throw it out the window)

19. "Neutrality of the taste characteristics of a cruciferous plant in relation to vegetable crops of central Russia" (radish horseradish is not sweeter)

20. "Antithesis properties of mentally handicapped subjects in the context of the implementation of state regulations" (the law is not written for fools)

21. "Lack of progress-regression in the body's metabolism when the ratio of fats and carbohydrates in the traditional dish of settled peoples changes" (you can't spoil porridge with butter)

"We learn not from victories, but from defeats" - Japanese proverb

The British are characterized by diligence, rationality, freedom-loving, restraint.

Below I will analyze LITERALLY proverbs from other languages. They sound interesting.

Chinese proverb .

A thorn defends the rose, harming only those who would steal the blossom.

The thorn protects the rose, hurting only those who try to steal it in bloom.

German proverb.

God gives the nuts, but he does not crack them.

God gives nuts, but does not grind them.

Thai proverbs.

Life is so short we must move very slowly.

Life is so short, we must move very slowly.

In a battle between elephants, the ants get squashed.

In an elephant fight, the ants are always flattened.

Latin proverb .

Keep quiet and people will think you a philosopher.

Be quiet and people will think you're a philosopher.

French proverb .

With enough "ifs" we could put Paris into a bottle .

If only, if only, you could put Paris in a bottle.

Japanese proverb.

An apprentice near a temple will recite the scriptures untaught.

An apprentice near the temple expounds manuscripts without learning.

African proverb .

A fly does not mind dying in coconut cream .

The fly doesn't mind dying in coconut cream at all.

Indian proverb.

The cobra will bite you whether you call it cobra or Mr. Cobra.

A cobra will bite you, even a cobra, even if you call it "Mr. Cobra".

Swiss proverb .

When in doubt who will win, be neutral.

When in doubt who will win, stay neutral.

Jewish proverb .

If God wants people to suffer, he sends them too much understanding.

If God wants people to suffer, he sends them too much understanding.

Moroccan proverb.

Evening promises are like butter: morning comes, and it's all melted.

Evening promises are like butter: the morning comes and everything melts.

Egyptian proverb .

The barking of a dog does not disturb the man on a camel.

A barking dog does not disturb the man on the camel.

Italian proverb .

Better an egg today than a hen tomorrow.

Better an egg today than a chicken tomorrow.

Malaysian proverb .

The turtle lays thousands of eggs without anyone knowing, but when the hen lays an egg, the whole country is informed.

The turtle lays thousands of eggs and no one knows about it. But when a hen lays an egg, the whole country is informed.

American proverb .

The more sins you confess, the more books you will sell.

The more sins you admit to yourself, the more books you will sell.

Have a great day

Emelyanova Daria and Eremina Alina

The enthusiastic exclamation of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin draws attention to proverbs, enhances interest in this small genre of oral folk art: “What a luxury, what a meaning, what a sense in each of our proverbs! What a gold!

And the wise statement of academician Dmitry Sergeevich Likhachev convinced us of the relevance of the chosen topic:

"Deep penetration into the culture of the past and the culture of other peoples brings times and countries closer."

What are proverbs? What is interesting in the proverb? What is their theme? We answered these questions in literature lessons. We wanted to learn more about this genre of oral folk art, namely:

Problematic issue of the project:

Are there proverbs in the literature of other peoples similar to Russian ones?

Hypothesis:

In the folklore of the peoples of the world there are wise sayings in subject matter and meaning close to Russian proverbs.

Objective of the project:

Acquaintance with proverbs of different nations and their Russian counterparts.

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Municipal educational institution - secondary school No. 3 of the city of Atkarsk, Saratov region

Named after the Hero of the Soviet Union Antonov V.S.

RESEARCH PROJECT

PROVERBS OF THE PEOPLES OF THE WORLD AND THEIR RUSSIAN ANALOGUES

Emelyanova Daria,

Eremina Alina,

students of 7 "B" class

MOU-SOSH №3.

Scientific adviser:

Prokopenko Valentina Stepanovna,

teacher of Russian language and literature.

2017

Introduction.

Rationale for the choice of topic.

The relevance of the project. ___________________________________________ 3

Main part. _______________________________________________4

Theoretical part.

What is a proverb.______________________________________ 5

Proverbs about proverbs.__________________________________ 5

Sayings about proverbs. ______________________________ 5

Practical part. Study.

Proverbs of the peoples of the world and their Russian counterparts._______________ 6

Conclusion. ___________________________________________________________ 6

List of used literature. _______________________________ 7

INTRODUCTION

We will present a research project« Proverbs of the peoples of the world and their Russian counterparts.

Why did we choose this topic?

The enthusiastic exclamation of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin drew our attention to the proverbs, increased our interest in this small genre of oral folk art: “What a luxury, what a meaning, what a sense in each of our proverbs! What a gold!”

And the wise statement of academician Dmitry Sergeevich Likhachev convinced us of the relevance of the chosen topic:

"Deep penetration into the culture of the past and the culture of other peoples brings times and countries closer."

What are proverbs? What is interesting in the proverb? What is their theme? We answered these questions in literature lessons. We wanted to learn more about this genre of oral folk art, namely:

Problematic issue of the project:

Are there proverbs in the literature of other peoples similar to Russian ones?

We assumed that

Hypothesis:

In the folklore of the peoples of the world there are wise sayings in subject matter and meaning close to Russian proverbs.

Objective of the project :

Acquaintance with proverbs of different nations and their Russian counterparts.

While working on the project, we solved the following tasks:

We studied the theoretical information about proverbs and sayings,

We got acquainted with collections of proverbs from different peoples of the world,

We compared them with Russian counterparts,

Found illustrations for proverbs,

Compiled an electronic collection of proverbs of the peoples of the world.

Research methods: study of a literary source, analysis, description,systematization, generalization of the collected material.

Object of study: Proverbs of the peoples of the world.

Subject of study:Russian analogues of proverbs of other peoples.

The result of the work: Creation of an electronic illustrated collection of proverbs and performance in front of students of the 7th grade at literature lessons.

MAIN PART.

At the beginning of work on the topic, we turned to the dictionary and found out the meaning of the words "proverb" and "saying".

(This information is shown on the slide).

A proverb is a short wise saying that has an instructive meaning, containing a complete thought, worldly wisdom.

A proverb is a bright, well-aimed folk expression. A saying differs from a proverb in that it is part of a judgment.

We can also read about what a proverb is in the dictionary of V.I. Dahl: “A proverb is a short parable; she herself says that "naked speech is not a proverb." This is a judgment, a verdict, a lesson, spoken out in the open and put into circulation ...

“There is no contribution from the proverb”, “You won’t get away from the proverb” ... Who composed it is not known to anyone; but everyone knows it and obeys it. This work and common property, like joy and sorrow itself, like the experienced wisdom suffered by a whole generation, expressed by such a verdict ... "

Proverbs and sayings have been created over hundreds of generations. These short and wise sayings capture the love for the motherland, courage, courage, faith in the triumph of justice, the concept of honor. The topics of proverbs and sayings are countless. They talk about teaching, knowledge, family, diligence and skill.

Proverbs live in every nation, pass from century to century, pass on the accumulated experience to new generations. The people themselves appreciated the importance and beauty of proverbs: “Speech without a proverb is like food without salt” (Amharic), “A proverb is an assistant to all things” (Russian).

Proverbs about the Motherland among all peoples appeared earlier than others. They express the ardent love of the people for their Fatherland.

Russian proverbs about the motherland:

Fish - the sea, birds - the air, and man - the Motherland.

To live in a foreign land is to shed tears.

There is nothing more beautiful in the world than our Motherland.

Beloved homeland - dear mother.

In a foreign land, even the dog is grieving.

Everyone has their own side.

Every pine makes noise to its forest.

To live - to serve the motherland.

Be not only the son of your father - be the son of your people. A man without a homeland is like a nightingale without a song.

Native land and in a handful is sweet.

The peoples of the world about their Motherland:

A brave fellow for the Motherland is born (Nogai).

Motherland is more expensive than another country (Bashkir).

On his street and dog tiger (Afghan).

Everyone is drawn to their native camp (Adyghe).

Without a beloved Motherland, the sun does not warm (Shorskaya).

It is better to lay down bones in the Motherland than to get glory in a foreign land (Ukrainian).

You can leave the house, but not the Motherland (Azerbaijani).

Motherland - berry-foreign land - bloody tear (Estonian).

All peoples are unanimous in asserting that labor is the main value of life: “A tree is famous for its fruits, a person is famous for its labors” (Azerbaijani proverb), “Without labor you cannot even pull a fish out of a pond.”

Countless proverbs ridicule the lazy, gullible: "I ran to the smell of barbecue, but it turned out - the donkey was branded."

Many proverbs reflect the understanding of the course of natural phenomena: “Every evening is followed by morning” (Turkish), “Morning is wiser than evening” (Russian).

We have read a lot of proverbs from different peoples of the world on different topics and picked up Russian proverbs that are close to them in meaning. We have a small collection of proverbs of the peoples of the world and their Russian counterpart.

CONCLUSION

Proverbs from different countries are very similar to each other, because at all times and among all peoples such human vices as cowardice, greed, laziness have always been condemned, and such qualities as resourcefulness, hard work, kindness, on the contrary, have been welcomed and respected.

Comparison of proverbs and sayings of different peoples of the world shows how much all peoples have in common, which, in turn, contributes to their better mutual understanding and rapprochement. This idea is confirmed by the Bashkir proverb: "Friendship of peoples is their wealth."

Most proverbs and sayings of the world are permeated with the pathos of humane ideas and pure feelings, contact with their world gives a person joy and emotional excitement.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Literature. 7th grade. Proc. for general education institutions. At 2 o'clock / ed.-stat. V.Ya. Korovin. - M.: Enlightenment, 2009

Ozhegov S.I. Dictionary of the Russian language. / Ed. N.Yu. Shvedova. - M., 2000.

www.VsePoslovicy.ru

The friendship of peoples is their wealth.
Bashkir proverb

Proverbs live in every nation, pass from century to century, pass on the accumulated experience to new generations. The proverb itself does not argue - it asserts. It contains the final conclusion, it is the result of lengthy reflections and therefore a categorical judgment about the world: “And there are crocodiles in still water” (Malay), “Scorpio does not change its habits” (Uzbek), “Who draws a sword will die from it same ”(Arabic),“ Many helmsmen - the ship crashes ”(Chinese). The people themselves appreciated the importance and beauty of proverbs: “A speech without a proverb is like food without salt” (Amharic), “A proverb is an assistant to all things” (Russian).

All peoples are unanimous in asserting that labor is the main value of life: “The dust of labor is better than the saffron of inaction” (Arabic), “A tree is famous for its fruits, a man is famous for his labors” (Azerbaijani), “Without labor you cannot pull a fish out of a pond” (Russian). Countless proverbs ridicule the lazy, gullible: “I ran to the smell of a barbecue, but it turned out that they were branding a donkey”, reflect an understanding of the course of natural phenomena: “Morning follows every evening” (Turkish), “The solar disk cannot be closed with a sieve” (Arabic), “Spring day feeds the year”, “Winter without snow - summer without bread” (Russian), “A bee has a striped back, but you can’t call it a tiger” (Chinese).

Most proverbs and sayings of the world are permeated with the pathos of humane ideas and pure feelings, contact with their world gives a person joy and emotional excitement.

According to V.P. Anikin

Read the proverbs of different nations, explain their meaning, try to use them more often when talking with friends.

Abkhaz

There would be a head, but there would be a hat.
Planted at the right time, it sprouts on time.
A tree is supported by roots, and a person by relatives.
As you clap your hands, so I dance.
Who does not know how to work, for him the work does not end.

Azerbaijani

It is better to eat your own stale bread than someone else's pilaf.
The liar's house caught fire - no one believed.
A good friend is closer than a brother.
For the sake of a friend endure both blizzard and snow.

English

Empty dishes make the loudest noise.
Promise slowly, deliver quickly.
By doing nothing, we learn bad deeds.
Choose writers the way you choose a friend.
Politeness opens all doors.
Gratitude is the least of the virtues, ingratitude the worst of the vices.

Arabic

In difficult times - a friend is right there.
In someone else's eye, even a straw looks like a camel, but in your own -
I didn't see the whole bridge.
The crown of courage is modesty.
The dignity of the word in the fortress.
If you have done good - hide; If you have done good - tell.
Who speaks well - listens well.
The ignoramus is his own enemy.

Armenian

It remains until tomorrow - consider it stuck.
It's a bad joke that doesn't have half the truth.
Until you grow old yourself, you will not understand the old.
A wound with a sword will heal, but a wound with a tongue will not.

Assyrian

Life without a goal is a man without a head.
Behind every descent there is a rise.
Drum sounds are good to listen to from afar.
As you treat others, so will they treat you.
Whoever flees from a small difficulty will face an even greater one.
Work feeds a person, idleness spoils.

Bashkir

In joy, know the measure, in trouble - do not lose faith.
A friend will say in the eye, the enemy - behind his back grumbles.
The earth is valued by bread, and man by deed.
Ignorance is not a vice, unwillingness to know is a great vice.

Vietnamese

Without learning, there is no skill.
A deep river cannot be measured with a short pole.
The stupidity of one minute destroys the work of wisdom that took three hours.
If you know - speak, if you don't know - then listen to others.

Georgian

The tree is strong with roots, and man is friends.
Whoever digs a hole for others, let him measure himself.
Lazy every day is a holiday.
The foolish one remembers a friend only in trouble.
It's easy to destroy, try to build.
A man's tongue can bring him both fame and shame.

Kazakh

A man with strong hands will overcome one, a man with strong knowledge a thousand.
Good advice is half the happiness.
The horse is recognized in the race, the man - in business.

Chinese

Close neighbors are better than distant relatives.
Every craft has its first apprentices.
The high lamp shines far.
Old friends are better, new clothes are better.
If there is a lot of talent, do not be afraid that now you are not lucky.
Walking slowly is better than standing still.
It is better to demand from yourself than to ask from others.

Latvian

You can’t reach out your hand, and you won’t get a spoon from the shelf.
Where there is air, there is life.
To be afraid of frost - do not go into the yard.
The sick need a doctor, the healthy need a job.

Lithuanian

Many hands will be raised and a heavy burden.
Life is happiness in work.
Without pressing the coulter, you will not dig up the pie.

German

It is useless to carry firewood into the forest.
Time is won - everything is won.
They eagerly rummage in good books.
Diligence is the father of happiness.
Who looks after the arable land, the arable land takes care of it.

Ukrainian

If you want your bins to be full, get up with the crow of a rooster.
Not the one in front who overtook, but the one in front that pulls behind him.

French

Idleness is the mother of all vices.
Don't lose your mind, everything else will follow.
Laziness imperceptibly destroys all virtues.
Strong is the one who brings down, but stronger is the one who raises.

Uzbek

Spring spills water in the river, labor adds value to a person.

Estonian

As you treat the forest, so the forest treats you.
What you cannot do alone, ten can do.
The craft has a gold mine.
Leaning on the mother's lap, the child grows rapidly.

Japanese

It is better to know one trade well than a hundred - badly.
Your anger is your enemy.
In the cold autumn, do not open your mouth once again.
He who loves people lives long.
Do not laugh at the old, you will grow old yourself.
To heal well, you need to love people.

Questions and tasks

Show on the example of several proverbs their accuracy, wisdom, imagery and beauty.
What is the attitude towards good and evil, towards friendship, work and teaching among the various peoples of the world? Support your answer with proverbs.
Prepare for the contest: "Who knows more proverbs and who can explain them better?"
Write an essay on one of the proverbs (optional): “It is useless to carry firewood to the forest” (German), “Know the measure in joy, do not lose faith in trouble” (Bashkir), “Be not quick to promises, but be quick to fulfill " (English), "Do not bite off more than you can swallow" (American).
Of course, the list does not include the proverbs of many peoples of the world. What proverbs from other countries do you know and which ones do you use in your speech?

Enrich your speech

From what words do the terms "epic", "narrator" come from?
What feature of Russian speech was manifested in the words and phrases “into the blue sea”, “beyond the shells”, “into the dark forest”, “good squad”?
What is the manner of pronouncing most Russian epics?
What pathos is permeated by most proverbs from around the world?
In which case proverbs are easier to remember? What proverbs do you use in your speech? Give examples.
Proverbs of which countries of the world do you like? Say them.
Prepare a story according to one of the following proverbs (to choose from): "Your anger is your enemy", "Idleness is the mother of all vices", "Diligence is the father of happiness."