Does popular culture influence the choice of dreams? Mass culture and its influence on various spheres of society
1. Positive aspects
First, popular culture is “democratic” because it appeals to all people without distinction of nation, class, level of poverty or wealth.
Secondly, mass culture seems to compensate for the emotional deficit that is increasingly present in our lives, because it (mass culture) is of an entertaining nature. Every person has the right after a difficult work week, come, for example, to the same cinema, and have a lot of fun, laugh at some American comedy that does not have much meaning and belongs in all respects to mass culture. People have every right not only to “work with your brains”, but also to simply have fun.
And thirdly, thanks to modern means mass communication many works of art with high artistic value. So on television we have the opportunity to watch films that were made in the last century, some kind of performance or concert... On the Internet we can find a lot of really interesting and useful things - a book or a reproduction of a painting famous artist.
We can also add that, thanks to mass culture, today the elite is becoming accessible. You don’t have to go to the theater, but go on the Internet and find the necessary music or production, information. Previously, the majority of the population did not have such an opportunity. And no matter how you look at it, the elite remains. And it is she who directs mass culture in the right direction, promotes what is profitable.
2. Negative aspects.
On the other hand, mass culture is aimed at producing " mass man", borrowing his thoughts from radio and television programs, advertising, and glossy magazines. By borrowing thoughts and patterns of behavior, a person becomes a simple performer of given roles with an atrophied personality, i.e. the person becomes depersonalized.
People don’t want to think, they don’t want to not only write something of their own, but also just read. A person no longer expresses himself in anything, but only consumes what is ready. Mass culture is aimed at simplifying society. Everything is simpler and simpler, more and more monotonous. Under the influence popular culture Not only individual people are depersonalized, but also the relationships between them. People are increasingly communicating over the Internet, writing letters over the Internet, getting married over the Internet without leaving home, ordering groceries, and so on. But it is very important for people to look into each other’s eyes when talking in order to understand what each of them is. Now this, unfortunately, is disappearing.
Mass culture products impose certain norms and values, while actively influencing human psychology. It is as if a person becomes a “captive” of this culture, and no one tries to get out of this captivity. Mass culture, and in particular, TV series, talk shows, and various Internet sites take up too much free time modern man, they just brazenly “steal” it!
But, if you think about it, there would be no mass culture without the masses themselves. Nowadays, people are truly dependent on mass culture. They themselves can’t imagine their life without her.
“Mass culture” turns people into gray, faceless masses and instills in us simplified patterns and stereotypes of behavior..
- , adapted to the tastes of the broad masses of people, is technically replicated in the form of many copies and distributed using modern communication technologies.
The emergence and development of mass culture is associated with the rapid development of mass media, capable of exerting a powerful influence on the audience. IN media There are usually three components:
- funds mass media (newspapers, magazines, radio, television, Internet blogs, etc.) - replicate information, have a regular impact on the audience and are focused on certain groups people;
- means of mass influence(advertising, fashion, cinema, popular literature) - do not always regularly influence the audience, are focused on the average consumer;
- technical means of communication(Internet, telephone) - determine the possibility of direct communication between a person and a person and can be used to transmit personal information.
Let us note that not only the media have an impact on society, but society also seriously influences the nature of the information transmitted in the media. Unfortunately, the demands of the public often turn out to be low culturally, which reduces the level television programs, newspaper articles, variety shows, etc.
IN last decades in the context of the development of means of communication they talk about a special computer culture. If previously the main source of information was book page, then now it’s a computer screen. Modern computer allows you to instantly obtain information over the network, supplement the text graphic images, video films, sound, which provides a holistic and multi-level perception of information. In this case, text on the Internet (for example, a web page) can be represented as hypertext. those. contain a system of references to other texts, fragments, non-textual information. The flexibility and versatility of computer information display tools greatly enhance the degree of its impact on humans.
At the end of XX - beginning of XXI V. mass culture began to play an important role in ideology and economics. However, this role is ambiguous. On the one hand, mass culture made it possible to reach wide sections of the population and introduce them to cultural achievements, presenting them in simple, democratic and understandable images and concepts, but on the other hand, it created powerful mechanisms for manipulating public opinion and forming an average taste.
The main components of mass culture include:
- information industry- the press, television news, talk shows, etc., explaining current events in clear language. Mass culture was initially formed in the sphere of the information industry - the “yellow press” of the 19th - early 20th centuries. Time has shown the high efficiency of mass communication in the process of manipulating public opinion;
- leisure industry- films, entertaining literature, pop humor with the most simplified content, pop music, etc.;
- formation system mass consumption, which centers on advertising and fashion. Consumption here is presented as a non-stop process and the most important goal of human existence;
- replicated mythology - from the myth of " American dream”, where beggars turn into millionaires, to myths about “national exceptionalism” and the special virtues of one or another people compared to others.
Submitting your good work to the knowledge base is easy. Use the form below
Students, graduate students, young scientists who use the knowledge base in their studies and work will be very grateful to you.
Similar documents
Mass culture has many faces, but it depersonalizes the individual
Article >> Political ScienceTraditional culture. Prospects mass culture both in Russia and throughout the world they are both joyful and sad. In principle mass culture And mass society...
Definition of the concept of “culture”, forms of culture, signs of mass culture.
the individual's reluctance to actively participate in social phenomena and processes spiritually or intellectually. In other words, the initial passivity of the consciousness of the majority of members of society;
the desire to get away from everyday problems, from everyday life and routine;
the desire for understanding and empathy for one’s problems on the part of another person and society.
Working with text - debate.
Tasks for the slides: What do we see in the picture. How do these programs affect children and young people?
It affirms simple and understandable ideas about the world of people, about the relationships between them, about the way of life, which allows many people to better navigate the modern, rapidly changing world.
Works of mass culture are directly addressed to the reader, listener, viewer and take into account their needs.
It is characterized by democracy, i.e. its “products” are used by representatives of different social groups.
Helps meet people's needs for rest and psychological relaxation.
It has its peaks - literary, musical, cinematic works, which can already be classified as “high” art.
It attracts the masses who do not know how to use their free time productively.
Mass culture is a positive phenomenon, because its works are characterized by a clear division of good and evil, happy ending, attractive images of heroes.
Lowers the overall level of spiritual culture.
Leads to standardization and unification of the way of life and even the way of thinking of millions of people.
Designed for passive consumption.
Through advertising, it creates artificial needs in people.
Mass culture has a lot of shortcomings and many negative consequences. Very often it influences human behavior. Young people, having watched enough militants, can commit a crime by analogy.
Many bad habits spread through works of popular culture.
Many believe that popular culture is a source of intellectual degradation, imposing a simplified vision of the world.
Most works of mass culture are of low artistic value.
9. The consciousness formed by mass culture is characterized by conservatism, inertia, and limitations. It cannot cover all processes in all the complexity of their interaction.
Popular culture in to a greater extent focuses not on realistic images, but on artificially created images and stereotypes.
11.Creators works of art Popular culture often turns to genres such as detective, melodrama, musicals, and comics. It is within these genres that simplified versions of life are created.
IN television talk show The topic “Mass culture negatively affects children” is discussed. Refute this statement with three examples. positive influence mass culture on children.
Name three characteristics of popular culture and illustrate each with an example.
What works of popular culture are you familiar with? Name three of them. Show signs of mass culture in them.
The English writer Joan Rowling, having written a series of books about the young wizard Harry Potter, created a genuine bestseller. In our country alone, more than 4 million of these books were sold in one year. In the West, where there is the same interest in the work of this author, many were surprised to note that children, looking away from computer and TV screens, began to read with pleasure fiction. Describe this phenomenon, highlighting the signs of mass culture in it.
There is an opinion that mass culture has become an exclusive instrument of regulation social behavior for the ruling elites. Is this the only limit to the role of mass culture in modern society? Give reasons for your position.
Mass culture is a twentieth-century term. The prerequisites for the emergence of mass culture as a phenomenon are developed infrastructure and accessibility of the media. The focus on the masses, accessibility to everyone, leads to a low level of mass culture as a culture.
essay, added 02/18/2009
The history of the emergence of “mass culture”, the features of its phenomenon in modern conditions, characteristics of levels and problem of analysis. The main directions of mixing culture and politics. Features of the influence of mass culture on modern society.
test, added 10/05/2010
A study of the origins of op art, pop art and the characteristics of mass culture as a popular, predominant culture among a wide segment of the population in a certain society. Description modern species mass culture and the creativity of its masters.
course work, added 07/18/2011
Definition of the concept of “mass culture” as a social phenomenon that characterizes the peculiarities of the production of civilizational values in modern society. Analysis of kitsch, mid, pop, rock and art culture. Cosmopolitanism and the ideological foundation of mass culture.
abstract, added 11/14/2011
The concept of mass culture, its purpose, directions and specific features, place and meaning in modern society. Advertising and fashion as a mirror of mass culture, trends in their development. Problems of youth education related to mass culture.
abstract, added 09/18/2010
Concept, historical conditions and stages of the formation of mass culture. Economic background And social functions mass culture. Its philosophical foundations. Elite culture as an antipode to mass culture. A typical manifestation of elitist culture.
test, added 11/30/2009
Evolution of the concept of "Culture". Manifestations and directions of mass culture of our time. Genres of mass culture. Relationships between mass and elite cultures. Influence of time, lexicon, dictionary, authorship. Mass, elite and national culture.
abstract, added 05/23/2014
The history of the emergence of mass culture. Classification of spheres of manifestation of mass culture, proposed by A.Ya. Flier. Approaches to defining mass culture. Types of culture based on the principle of intracultural hierarchy. Types of culture and signs of subculture.
Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………..…................. 3
Historical conditions and stages of the formation of mass culture…………4
Social functions of mass culture………………………………………………………5
Negative influence of mass culture on society……...………………….6
Positive functions of mass culture………………………………………….7
Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………8
References………………………………………………………………………………………..9
Introduction
Culture is the totality of industrial, social and spiritual achievements of people. Culture is a system of means of human activity, which is constantly being improved, and thanks to which human activity is stimulated and realized. The concept of “culture” is very ambiguous, has different contents and different meaning not only in everyday language, but also in various sciences and philosophical disciplines. It must be revealed in differential dynamic aspects, which requires the use of the categories “social practice” and “activity”, connecting the categories “social being” and “ public consciousness”, “objective” and “subjective” in the historical process.
If we recognize that one of the main signs of true culture is the heterogeneity and richness of its manifestations, based on national-ethnic and class-class differentiation, then in the 20th century it was not only Bolshevism that turned out to be the enemy of cultural “polyphony”. In the conditions of “industrial society” and scientific and technological revolution, humanity as a whole has discovered a clearly expressed tendency towards pattern and monotony to the detriment of any kind of originality and originality, whether we are talking about an individual or about certain social strata and groups.
The culture of modern society is a combination of the most diverse layers of culture, that is, it consists of the dominant culture, subcultures and even countercultures. In any society one can distinguish high culture (elite) and folk culture(folklore). The development of the media led to the formation of the so-called mass culture, simplified in semantics and artistically, technologically accessible to everyone. Mass culture, especially with its strong commercialization, can displace both high and folk cultures. But in general, the attitude towards popular culture is not so clear.
The phenomenon of “mass culture” from the point of view of its role in the development of modern civilization is assessed by scientists far from unambiguously. A critical approach to “mass culture” boils down to its accusations of neglecting the classical heritage, of allegedly being an instrument of conscious manipulation of people; enslaves and unifies the main creator of any culture, the sovereign personality; contributes to her alienation from real life; distracts people from their main task - “the spiritual and practical development of the world” (K. Marx). The apologetic approach, on the contrary, is expressed in the fact that “mass culture” is proclaimed as a natural consequence of irreversible scientific and technological progress, that it contributes to the unity of people, especially young people, regardless of any ideologies and national-ethnic differences into a stable social system and not not only does it not reject the cultural heritage of the past, but also makes its best examples the property of the widest strata of the people by replicating them through print, radio, television and industrial reproduction.
The debate about the harm or benefit of “mass culture” has a purely political aspect: both democrats and supporters of authoritarian power, not without reason, strive to use this objective and very important phenomenon of our time in their interests. During the Second World War and in the post-war period, the problems of "mass culture", especially its essential element- mass information, have been studied with equal attention in both democratic and totalitarian states.
Historical conditions and stages of the formation of mass culture
The peculiarities of the production and consumption of cultural values have allowed culturologists to identify two social forms of cultural existence: mass culture and elite culture. Mass culture is a type of cultural product that is produced in large volumes every day. It is assumed that mass culture is consumed by all people, regardless of place and country of residence. It is the culture of everyday life, presented to the widest audience through various channels, including the media and communications.
When and how did mass culture appear? There are a number of points of view regarding the origins of mass culture in cultural studies.
Let us give as an example the most frequently found in the scientific literature:
1. The prerequisites for mass culture have been formed since the birth of humanity, and, in any case, at the dawn of Christian civilization.
2. The origins of mass culture are associated with the appearance in European literature of the 1988th centuries of the adventure, detective, and adventurous novel, which significantly expanded the readership due to huge circulations. Here, as a rule, they cite as an example the work of two writers: the Englishman Daniel Defoe, author of the well-known novel “Robinson Crusoe” and 481 other biographies of people in so-called risky professions: investigators, military men, thieves, etc., and our compatriot Matvey Komarov .
3. The law on compulsory universal literacy adopted in Great Britain in 1870 had a great influence on the development of mass culture, which allowed many to master the main form of artistic creativity of the 19th century - the novel.
And yet, all of the above is the prehistory of mass culture. And in the proper sense, mass culture manifested itself for the first time in the United States. The famous American political scientist Zbigniew Brzezinski liked to repeat a phrase that became commonplace over time: “If Rome gave the world the right, England - parliamentary activity, France - culture and republican nationalism, then the modern USA gave the world a scientific and technological revolution and mass culture.”
The phenomenon of the emergence of mass culture is presented as follows. The turn of the 19th century was characterized by a comprehensive massification of life. It affected all its spheres: economics and politics, management and communication between people. The active role of the human masses in various social spheres was analyzed in a number of philosophical works of the 20th century.
X. Ortega y Gasset in his work “The Revolt of the Masses” derives the very concept of “mass” from the definition of “crowd”. A crowd, in quantitative and visual terms, is a multitude, and a multitude, from a sociological point of view, is a mass,” explains Ortega. And further he writes: “Society has always been a mobile unity of the minority and the masses. A minority is a set of persons who are specially singled out; the mass is a group of people who are not singled out in any way. The mass is the average person. Thus, a purely quantitative definition turns into a qualitative one.”
The book by the American sociologist, Columbia University professor D. Bell, “The End of Ideology,” in which the features of modern society are determined by the emergence of mass production and mass consumption, is very informative for analyzing our problem. Here the author formulates five meanings of the concept “mass”:
1. Mass - as an undifferentiated set (i.e., the opposite of the concept of class).
2. Mass - as a synonym for ignorance (as X. Ortega y Gasset also wrote about this).
3. The masses - as a mechanized society (i.e., a person is perceived as an appendage of technology).
4. The masses - as a bureaucratized society (i.e., in a mass society, the individual loses his individuality in favor of the herd). 5. The masses are like a crowd. There is a psychological meaning here. The crowd does not reason, but obeys passions. A person may be cultured by himself, but in a crowd he is a barbarian.
And D. Bell concludes: the masses are the embodiment of herdism, uniformity, and stereotypes.
An even more in-depth analysis of “mass culture” was made by the Canadian sociologist M. McLuhan. He, like D. Bell, comes to the conclusion that mass communications give rise to a new type of culture. McLuhan emphasizes that the starting point of the era of “industrial and typographical man” was the invention of the printing press in the 15th century. McLuhan, defining art as the leading element of spiritual culture, emphasized the escapist (i.e., leading away from reality) function of artistic culture.
Of course, these days the mass has changed significantly. The masses have become educated and informed. In addition, the subjects of mass culture today are not just the masses, but also individuals united by various connections. In turn, the concept of “mass culture” characterizes the features of the production of cultural values in modern industrial society, designed for mass consumption of this culture.
Social functions of mass culture
Socially, mass culture forms a new social stratum, called the “middle class”. The processes of its formation and functioning in the field of culture are most concretely described in the book of the French philosopher and sociologist E. Morin “The Zeitgeist”. The concept of “middle class” has become fundamental in Western culture and philosophy. This “middle class” also became the core of life in industrial society. He also made mass culture so popular.
Mass culture mythologizes human consciousness, mystifies real processes occurring in nature and in human society. There is a rejection of the rational principle in consciousness. The purpose of mass culture is not so much to fill leisure time and relieve tension and stress in a person of industrial and post-industrial society, but to stimulate consumer consciousness in the recipient (i.e., viewer, listener, reader), which in turn forms a special type - passive, uncritical person's perception of this culture. All this creates a personality that is quite easy to manipulate. In other words, the human psyche is manipulated and the emotions and instincts of the subconscious sphere of human feelings are exploited, and above all feelings of loneliness, guilt, hostility, fear, and self-preservation.
The mass consciousness formed by mass culture is diverse in its manifestation. However, it is characterized by conservatism, inertia, and limitations. It cannot cover all processes in development, in all the complexity of their interaction. In the practice of mass culture, mass consciousness has specific means of expression. Mass culture is more focused not on realistic images, but on artificially created images (image) and stereotypes. In popular culture, the formula is the main thing.
Mass culture in artistic creativity performs specific social functions. Among them, the main one is illusory-compensatory: introducing a person to the world of illusory experience and unrealistic dreams. And all this is combined with open or hidden propaganda of the dominant way of life, which has its ultimate goal of distracting the masses from social activity, adapting people to existing conditions, and conformism.
Hence the use in popular culture of such genres of art as detective, melodrama, musicals, and comics.
The negative impact of mass culture on society
The culture of modern society is a combination of the most diverse layers of culture, that is, it consists of the dominant culture, subcultures and even countercultures.
34% of Russians believe that mass culture has a negative impact on society, undermines its moral and moral health. The All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion (VTsIOM) came to this result as a result of a study conducted in 2003. survey.
The positive influence of mass culture on society was stated by 29% of Russians surveyed, who believe that mass culture helps people relax and have fun. 24% of respondents believe the role of show business and mass culture is greatly exaggerated and are convinced that they do not have a serious impact on society.
80% of respondents are extremely negative towards the use of profanity in public speaking show business stars, considering the use of obscene expressions an unacceptable manifestation of promiscuity and lack of talent.
13% of respondents allow the use of profanity in cases where it is used as a necessary artistic means, and 3% believe that if it is often used in communication between people, then attempts to ban it on the stage, in cinema, on television are simply hypocrisy .
A negative attitude towards the use of profanity is also reflected in Russians’ assessments of the situation surrounding the conflict between journalist Irina Aroyan and Philip Kirkorov. 47% of respondents sided with Irina Aroyan, while only 6% supported the pop star. 39% of respondents showed no interest in this process at all.
47% of Russians surveyed believe that bright characters television screens, being models and idols for a significant part of young people, must meet higher moral requirements than those imposed on ordinary people. 41% consider show business stars to be the same people as everyone else, and 6% of respondents believe that some elements of defiant behavior on the part of pop characters are acceptable as creative and extraordinary people.
The development of the media has led to the formation of the so-called mass culture, simplified in semantic and artistic terms, technologically accessible to everyone. Mass culture, especially with its strong commercialization, can displace both high and folk cultures.
Modern Russian culture is also characterized by a phenomenon that sociologists have called the Westernization of cultural needs and interests, primarily of youth groups.
Many Russians, and again, primarily young people, are characterized by a lack of ethnocultural or national self-identification; they cease to perceive themselves as Russians and lose their Russianness. The socialization of youth occurs either on the traditional Soviet or on the Western model of education, in any case, non-national. Russian folk culture (traditions, customs, rituals) is perceived by most young people as an anachronism. The lack of national self-identification among Russian youth precisely leads to the easier penetration of Westernized values into the youth environment.
In many ways, the youth subculture simply repeats and duplicates the television subculture. It should be noted here that since the early 1990s. mass culture in its screen and television forms is becoming increasingly negative. For example, of the 100 films most popular in Leningrad video salons, 52% had all the features of action films, 14 horror films, 18 karate films. At the same time, according to film experts, there was not a single film that was distinguished by artistic and aesthetic value, and only 5% had certain artistic merits. The repertoire of cinemas consists of 80-90% foreign films.
No less negative consequences can be noted in the development of musical culture. Such a type of mass culture as rock music was first banned at the official level in our country, and then just as immoderately exalted and idealized. Why oppose the rock music that is associated with folk traditions, traditions of political and art songs? There are also such trends as punk rock, heavy metal and others, which undoubtedly have a countercultural, vandalistic character. Many musical styles are characterized by syndromes of pessimism, motives of death, suicide, fear and alienation. The loss of humanistic content occurs in rock music due to the distortion of the natural human voice with all sorts of wheezes and squeals, deliberately broken by mocking intonations, the replacement of male voices with effeminate ones, and vice versa.
Positive functions of mass culture
The most important, if not defining, feature “ mass society” is “mass culture”.
Responding to the general spirit of the times, it, unlike the social practice of all previous eras, from about the middle of our century has become one of the most profitable sectors of the economy and even receives appropriate names: “entertainment industry”, “commercial culture”, “pop culture”, “ leisure industry”, etc. By the way, the last of the given designations reveals another reason for the emergence of “mass culture” - the emergence of an excess of free time and “leisure” among a significant layer of working citizens. People increasingly have a need to “kill time.” “Mass culture” is designed to satisfy it, naturally for money, which manifests itself primarily in the sensory sphere, i.e. in all types of literature and art. Particularly important channels for the general democratization of culture over the past decades have become cinema, television and, of course, sports (in its purely spectator part), gathering huge and not too discriminating audiences, driven only by the desire for psychological relaxation.
To fulfill its function - to relieve severe work stress - “mass culture” must be at least entertaining; addressed to people often with insufficiently developed intellectual principles, it largely exploits such areas of the human psyche as the subconscious and instincts. All this corresponds to the prevailing theme of “mass culture”, which receives large profits from the exploitation of such “interesting” topics that are understandable to all people as love, family, career, crime and violence, adventure, horror, etc. It is curious and psychotherapeutically positive that, in general, “mass culture” is life-loving, shuns truly unpleasant or depressing plots for the audience, and the corresponding works usually end with a happy ending. It is not surprising that, along with the “average” person, one of the consumers of such products is the pragmatically minded part of young people, not burdened by life experience, who have not lost optimism and still think little about the fundamental problems of human existence.
Mass culture today is able to play a positive role, introducing the masses to the most complex spiritual and moral problems in an adapted form. But will he leave? individual further search for cultural musical values, or will be content with the acquired surrogates of mass culture - this directly depends on the individual himself. An exceptional role here belongs to education, artistic and aesthetic education.
Conclusion
Attitudes towards mass culture are most often ambiguous: they arrogantly despise it, express concern about its onslaught, and in the milder version treat it condescendingly, but no one has yet avoided contact with it.
Of course, mass culture has its positive aspects. By entertaining and delivering sensual pleasure, it gives a person the opportunity to forget about his problems and relax. However, works of mass culture are momentary and only imitate the techniques of genuine art and are designed for external effect.
The spread of mass culture does not mean the disappearance of elite culture. It would be a simplification, however, to represent mass culture only negatively, as a monster that devours everything human in a person. When analyzing mass culture, one should not consider it exclusively in an ideological manner, as was the case quite recently.
In the works of modern researchers one can find different indications of the time of the emergence of mass culture: some believe that it existed even in the most ancient civilizations. We believe, however, that mass culture is a product of modern civilization with its characteristic features of urbanization and universal education. Almost until the beginning of the 20th century, there were quite clearly divided elite culture and folk. The first was common in cities, among those who had the opportunity to receive appropriate education and upbringing. The second was often created by people who were illiterate, but who were bearers of traditions.
The process of urbanization, which relocated significant masses of peasants and petty bourgeoisie to cities, led to the fact that people, having been cut off from nature, which nourished folk culture, were unable to join urban culture, which required not only basic reading and writing skills, but much more education, time and material opportunities. The new urban masses needed forms of culture accessible to them.
Thus, mass culture is a multifunctional, objective phenomenon modern stage culture, in which all segments of the population are inevitably involved, and the problem lies in managing the dynamics of mass culture, that is, developing effective mechanisms for selecting its necessary and promising directions and culling those that lead to the irreversible degradation of cultural values and samples.
References
1. Parkhomenko I.T., Radugin A.A. “Cultural Studies in Questions and Answers”, Moscow “Center” 2001
………………………………………………… 3 2. Philosophical foundations mass culture ...on the spiritual life of society"
Ivanova Marina Nikolaevna,
history teacher, Municipal Educational Institution "Secondary School No. 1"
The prerequisites for the development of mass culture are the development of universal education, the spread of radio, cinema, television, and the growth of incomes of the population.
Initially, so-called pulp literature, cheap entertainment publications and comics became widespread. Then, at a fast pace Cinema began to develop, which was accessible to almost everyone. The leading position in it was occupied and still is occupied by the United States, which distributes its film production throughout the world, thereby imposing its standards of spiritual culture. With the development of sound recording technology, a gigantic industry for the production of popular (pop, dance) music has emerged. The transition to mass culture ended with the introduction of radio and television into everyday use.
Popular culture contributed to the creation of an entire leisure industry: the production of audio and video products. Great value, in connection with this, advertising is acquired. In addition to information about mass culture products, advertising makes it possible to popularize various products using images of cinema, television and music idols.
Reasons for the popularity of mass culture:
In the film “Moscow Doesn’t Believe in Tears,” released on the screens of the USSR 27 years ago, there is the following episode:
“So you were at the very beginning? – Alexandra became interested.
– Well, not exactly, and, nevertheless, I saw in time that television belongs to the future. And over time, it will simply change a person’s life. There will be no newspapers, magazines, books, cinema, theater.
- What will happen? - asked Goga.
“Television, one continuous television.”
Teacher. The influence of mass culture on the development of modern society is extremely contradictory. There are both its defenders and critics.
How does TV and computer affect? (both positive and negative)
The influence of mass culture on the development of personality and human life in general is very contradictory. Mass culture has both its “+” and its “–”. Despite the difference in points of view on its meaning, it has become an integral element of life, influencing the daily existence of millions of people, shaping their needs, ideals, standards of behavior and activity.
It is obvious that if it continues to exist in its present form, then the overall cultural potential of civilization will not only not increase, but may also suffer significant damage. The pseudo-values of mass culture are still too burdensome and even destructive for the individual and society. Therefore, an ideological transformation of mass culture is necessary through filling it with more sublime ideas, socially significant plots and aesthetically perfect images.
Positive influence of popular culture
Negative influence of popular culture
Theme "Positive and negative impact mass culture on the spiritual life of society" on the Unified State Examination
Part C assignments
