Gulliver's Adventures main characters and their characteristics. Travels to some distant countries of the world by Lemuel Gulliver, first a surgeon, and then a captain of several ships

Wonderful piece Gulliver's Travels was written by Jonathan Sweet. This work was even filmed, so those who do not like to read were able to get acquainted with the plot, which introduces us to Swift’s hero and his travels.

Gulliver characterization of the hero

Having become acquainted with the work, you can immediately identify the main character of Gulliver’s Travels and why he liked him, and also with the help quotation characteristics Gulliver to answer many questions regarding the novel and the main character. Gulliver for 4th grade will help schoolchildren recreate the image of the hero, which is why we offer to get acquainted with brief description Gulliver.

If we talk about Gulliver and the characteristics of this hero, he is a doctor, a surgeon by training, a father of a family, a man who loved to travel by sea. Gulliver is a purposeful person who strived for knowledge and had a great desire to learn. He was interested in everything related to navigation and he constantly dreams of travel, which he finally accomplished. First, Gulliver traveled by sea as a ship's doctor, and later as the captain of several ships. In all four parts of the novel, Gulliver is the main character and in each part he ends up in new world, crazy, incredible, and here the hero of the work will reveal himself with different sides. So, from the characteristics of Gulliver in the country of the Lilliputians, Gulliver evokes respect, because he could have killed and crushed all the Lilliputians, but he did not do this, because they were weaker, and he does not harm the weak. Gulliver is inquisitive and tries to study the system and foundations of government in this small country. At the same time, we see that he is also a good diplomat.

Each of his journeys was educational and his wanderings lead to the fact that Gulliver realizes how unattractive and ugly England is with its charters and rulers. Moreover, with each journey, this awareness became stronger and brighter. A particularly strong change in consciousness occurred after visiting the fourth country, a country where smart horses ruled, and here Gulliver was even ashamed of the fact that he belonged to to the human race, to the Yahoo family - feral descendants of people who were famous for their gluttony, laziness, lust, malice and stupidity. He was so impressed and at the same time disappointed that he did not even want to return home, to the world of the same Yahoos, as the hero of the work later called people.

In general, the hero of Jonan Swift's work evokes positive emotions in me.

Characteristics of the characters based on Jonathan Swift's "Gulliver's Travels": Lemuel Gulliver

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GULLIVER (eng. Gulliver) is the hero of the novel by J. Swift “A Journey to Some Distant Countries of the World of Lemuel Gulliver, First a Surgeon, and Then a Captain of Several Ships” (1726). Swift's novel is written in the tradition of the menippea, in which the absolute freedom of plot fiction is motivated by “an ideological and philosophical goal - to create exceptional situations to provoke and test philosophical idea- words, truth, embodied in the image of a sage, a seeker of this truth” (M.M. Bakhtin). The content of the menippea is not the adventures of a specific hero, but the vicissitudes of the idea itself. This way of asking the question allows us to see the deep internal integrity both the image of G. himself and the work as a whole.

At first glance, there are four different G. in Swift's novel.

The first is in Lilliput. In this country he is great and powerful, like a true hero, and personifies all the best that is in man: intelligence, beauty, power, mercy.

The second is in Brobdingnag. In the land of giants, G. is a constant hero of comic situations. It performs functions royal jester, a funny scientist midget. After listening to G.'s story about the political and socio-economic structure of England, the king of Brobdingnag concludes that “the majority of your compatriots are a brood of small disgusting reptiles, the most destructive of all that have ever crawled across earth's surface».

The third is an indifferent and calm observer, carefully recording the madness, ugliness, and perversions that he sees in the flying kingdom of Laputa, the country of Balni-Barbie and in the Great Academy of its capital Laga-do, on the island of necromancers Glabbdobbdrib, in the kingdom of Laggnagt, where he meets the eternally immortal struldbrugs.

The fourth is G. from the country of the Houyhnhnms (intelligent horses) and Yahoos (feral descendants of a couple of Englishmen who ended up on the island as a result of a shipwreck). Here G. is a tragically lonely and self-loathing person. And to be human means to belong to a race of disgusting Yahoos, famous for their gluttony, lust, laziness, malice, deceit and stupidity.

These different Gullivers represent hypostases of a single image. The hero of the work written in the menippaean traditions - man ideas, a sage - is placed by the author in a situation of collision with world evil in its most extreme expressions. Everything that G. sees in his travels serves Swift to test ideas, not character. G. is normal, reasonable, moral healthy man, whom the author takes on a journey through the world of madness, absurdity, lies and violence. It is in relation to G. that the human nature: unsightly and disgusting any intelligent being. G. was looking for a place in a crazy world where a worthy person could find peace. And Swift brings his hero to the utopian country of the Houyhnhnms, but he himself returns him back to England, because in a crazy world a society organized on reasonable principles cannot exist. And this means that G. must return home: intelligent horses drive out the hero.

G.'s story is the story of a man who tried to change people and their world with the word of truth. As a result, G. is forced to admit that “Yahoos are a breed of animals that are not at all capable of correction through instructions and examples. Six months have already passed since the appearance of my book, and I not only do not see the end of all kinds of abuses and vices, but I have not heard that my book has produced at least one action that corresponds to my intentions.” G. refuses the “ridiculous idea of reforming the Yahoo breed” and finds solace only in the stable, in long conversations with his stallions.

G. served as the prototype of the pioneer hero in A.L. Ptushko’s film “The New Gulliver” (1935), in which Swift’s character became an active participant in the struggle of the worlds, socialism and capitalism.

L. Gulliver is a traveler and navigator, first a ship's doctor, and then the captain of several ships. More than once fate threw him to unknown islands and unknown countries. Each of the four parts of the novel is dedicated to L. Gulliver's four travels. In the countries where L. Gulliver visited, he observed different types of government and his views underwent evolution. In the first and second parts, the hero only observes and studies the customs and mores of the life of Lilliputians and giants, while he himself almost does not take part in the events. Comparing the state structure of the countries he visited, L. Gulliver begins to discover “weaknesses and ugly phenomena” in the life of his native England. In the third part, after visiting the Lagado Academy, Gulliver loses faith in the omnipotence of science. But the most powerful change in Gulliver’s consciousness occurs during a trip to the country of the Houyhnhnms. The way of life of intelligent horses is so fair and orderly that Gulliver becomes ashamed that he is a man and similar to Yahoos - feral people whom the Houyhnhnms use as labor. Gulliver does not want to return to his homeland, does not want to live among Yahoos, as from then on he began to call all people without exception.

Characteristics of the characters based on Jonathan Swift's "GULLIVER'S TRAVELS" | LEMUEL GULLIVER

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GULLIVER (eng. Gulliver) is the hero of the novel by J. Swift “A Journey to Some Distant Countries of the World of Lemuel Gulliver, First a Surgeon, and Then a Captain of Several Ships” (1726). Swift's novel was written in the tradition of the menippea, in which the absolute freedom of plot fiction is motivated by “an ideological and philosophical goal - to create exceptional situations to provoke and test a philosophical idea - the word, the truth, embodied in the image of a sage, a seeker of this truth” (M. M. Bakhtin) . The content of the menippea is not the adventures of a specific hero, but the vicissitudes of the idea itself. This formulation of the question allows us to see the deep internal integrity of both the image of G. himself and the work as a whole.

At first glance, there are four different G. in Swift's novel.

The first is in Lilliput. In this country he is great and powerful, like a true hero, and personifies all the best that is in man: intelligence, beauty, power, mercy.

The second is in Brobdingnag. In the land of giants, G. is a constant hero of comic situations. He serves as the royal jester, a funny, learned midget. After listening to G.'s story about the political and socio-economic structure of England, the king of Brobdingnag concludes that “the majority of your compatriots are a brood of small disgusting reptiles, the most destructive of all that have ever crawled on the earth’s surface.”

These different Gullivers represent hypostases of a single image. The hero of a work written in the menippaean tradition - a man of ideas, a sage - is placed by the author in a situation of confrontation with world evil in its most extreme expressions. Everything that G. sees in his travels serves Swift to test an idea, not a character. G. is a normal, reasonable, morally healthy person, whom the author takes on a journey through the world of madness, absurdity, lies and violence. It is in relation to G. that human nature is revealed: unsightly and disgusting to any rational being. G. was looking for a place in a crazy world where a worthy person could find peace. And Swift brings his hero to the utopian country of the Houyhnhnms, but he himself returns him back to England, because in a crazy world a society organized on reasonable principles cannot exist. And this means that G. must return home: intelligent horses drive out the hero.

G.'s story is the story of a man who tried to change people and their world with the word of truth. As a result, G. is forced to admit that “Yahoos are a breed of animals that are not at all capable of correction through instructions and examples. “Six months have already passed since the appearance of my book, and I not only do not see the end of all kinds of abuses and vices, but I have not heard that my book has produced at least one action that corresponds to my intentions.” G. refuses the “ridiculous idea of reforming the Yahoo breed” and finds solace only in the stable, in long conversations with his stallions.

G. served as the prototype of the pioneer hero in A. L. Ptushko’s film “The New Gulliver” (1935), in which Swift’s character became an active participant in the struggle of the worlds, socialism and capitalism.

Lit. : Levidov M. Yu. Travel to some distant countries. Thoughts and feelings of J. Swift, first an explorer and then a warrior in several battles. M., 1986.

Everyone knows the image of a sailor who is tied to the ground with ropes by little men. But in Jonathan Swift's book Gulliver's Travels, the main character does not stop at visiting the country of Lilliput. A work from a children's fairy tale turns into philosophical reflection about humanity.

The teacher, publicist, philosopher, and also priest Jonathan Swift was from Ireland, but wrote in English, so it is considered English writer. During his life he created 6 volumes of works. Gulliver's Travels was finally published in 1726-1727 in London, while Swift spent several years creating his work.

The author published the novel without indicating his authorship, and the book immediately became popular, although it was subject to censorship. The most widespread publication was the translation French writer Pierre Defontaine, after which the novel was no longer translated from in English, and from French.

Later, continuations and imitations of Gulliver's story, operettas and even short children's versions of the novel began to appear, mainly devoted to the first part.

Genre, direction

"Gulliver's Travels" can be classified as a fantastic satirical-philosophical novel. Main character meets fairy-tale characters and becomes a guest in non-existent worlds.

The novel was written in the era of Enlightenment or Late Classicism, for which the travel genre was very popular. Works this direction characterized by an instructive character, attention to detail and the absence of controversial characters.

The essence

The main character Lemuel Gulliver ends up in Lilliput as a result of a shipwreck, where little people mistake him for a monster. He saves them from the inhabitants of the neighboring island of Blefuscu, but despite this, the Lilliputians are going to kill him, which is why Gulliver has to escape from them.

During his second journey, Lemuel ends up in Brobdingnag, the land of giants. The girl Gryumdalklich takes care of him. Little Gulliver ends up with the king, where he gradually realizes the insignificance of humanity. The navigator gets home by accident when a giant eagle flies away with a box that was the traveler's temporary home.

The third journey takes Gulliver to the country of Balnibarbi, to the flying city of Laputa, where he observes with surprise the stupidity of the inhabitants, disguised as learning. On the mainland in the capital Lagado, he visits an academy where he sees the mindless inventions of local scientists. On the island of Glubbdobbrib, summoning the souls of the dead historical figures, he learns the truth about them, hidden by historians. On the island of Luggnagg he meets the Struldbrugs, tormented by immortality, after which he returns to England through Japan.

The fourth journey takes Gulliver to an island where intelligent Houyhnhnms horses use the labor of wild Yahoo creatures. The main character is expelled because he looks like a Yahoo. For a long time Lemuel cannot get used to people whose company becomes unbearable for him.

The main characters and their characteristics

Lemuel Gulliver- native of Nottinghamshire. He is married to Mary Burton and has two children. To earn money, Lemuel becomes a surgeon on a ship, and then a captain of the ship. Like most Enlightenment protagonists, he is inquisitive. The traveler easily adapts to new conditions, quickly learns the languages of each place he finds himself in, and also embodies the conventional average hero.
Lilliputians. The word “Lilliputian” itself was coined by Swift. Residents of Lilliput and Blefuscu are 12 times smaller in height ordinary person. They are convinced that their country is the largest in the world, which is why they behave quite fearlessly with Gulliver. Lilliputians are an organized people, capable of doing difficult work quite quickly. They are ruled by a king named Golbasto Momaren Evlem Gerdaylo Shefin Molly Olly Gu. The Lilliputians are at war with the Blefuscans over a dispute over which side the egg should be broken from. But even in Lilliput itself there are disputes between the tremexene and slemexene parties, supporters of high and low heels. Gulliver's most ardent opponents are Galbet Skyresh Bolgolam and Lord Chancellor of the Treasury Flimnap. The Lilliputians represent a parody of the English monarchy.
Giants. Residents of the island of Brobdingnag, on the contrary, are 12 times larger than the average person. They treat Gulliver with care, especially the daughter of farmer Gryumdalklich. The giants are ruled by a just king, who is horrified by Gulliver's stories about gunpowder. These people are not familiar with murder and war. Brobdingnag is an example of a utopia, an ideal state. The only unpleasant character is the royal dwarf.
Residents of Balnibarbi. To keep the inhabitants of the flying island of Laputa distracted from thinking about the Universe, the servants have to smack them with sticks. Everything around them: from clothes to food, is connected with astronomy and geometry. The Laputians rule the country, having the right to crush any rebellion that arises at any time under the weight of the island. There are also people on earth who consider themselves smarter than everyone else, which is not true. The inhabitants of the island of Glabbdobbrib know how to summon the souls of dead people, and on the island of Luggnegg immortal struldbrugs are sometimes born, distinguished by a large spot on their heads. After 80 years of age, they experience civil death: they are no longer capable of functioning, are forever aging, and are incapable of friendship and love.
Houyhnhnms. The island of Houyhnhnmia is inhabited by horses that can speak their own intelligent language. They have their own homes, families, meetings. Gulliver translates the word “Houyhnhnm” as “the crown of creation.” They don't know what money, power and war are. They don't understand many human words, since for them the concepts of “weapon”, “lie” and “sin” do not exist. Houyhnhnms write poetry, do not waste words, and die without sorrow.
Yahoo. The Houyhnhnms are served as domesticated animals by ape-like savages, the Yahoos, who feed on carrion. They lack the ability to share, love, hate each other and collect shiny stones (a parody of man's passion for money and jewelry). There is a legend among the Houyhnhnms that the first Yahoos came here from overseas and were ordinary people like Gulliver.

Topics and issues

The main theme of the work is man and moral principles by which he tries to live. Swift raises questions about who a person is, what he looks like from the outside, whether he is doing the right thing and what his place in this world is.

The author raises the problem of the depravity of society. People have forgotten what it means not to fight, to do good and to be reasonable. The first part of Gulliver's Travels focuses on the problem of pettiness government controlled, in the second - the problem of the insignificance and cruelty of man in general, in the third - the problem of the loss of common sense, in the fourth - the problem of achieving the ideal, as well as the decline of human morals.

main idea

The work of Jonathan Swift is an illustration of the fact that the world is diverse and incomprehensible; people still have to unravel the meaning of the universe. In the meantime, imperfect and weak person has a gigantic conceit, considers himself a higher being, but not only cannot know everything, but often he himself risks becoming worse than animals.

Many people have lost their humanity by inventing weapons, quarreling and deceiving. Man is petty, cruel, stupid and ugly in his behavior. The writer does not simply unfoundedly accuse humanity of all possible sins, but offers alternative options for existence. His the main idea– the need to correct society through a consistent rejection of the vices of ignorance.

What does it teach?

The main character becomes a kind of observer from the outside. The reader, getting acquainted with the book, understands with him that a person needs to remain human. You should objectively assess your impact on the world, lead intelligent life and not plunge into vices that gradually turn a person into a savage.

People should think about what humanity has come to and try to change the world, at least in a situation where it depends on each of them.

Criticism

The novel "Gulliver's Travels" was subjected to severe criticism, despite the fact that it was initially accepted as an ordinary fairy tale. According to reviewers, Jonathan Swift insults man, which means he insults God. The fourth part of the work suffered the most: the author was accused of hatred of people and bad taste.

For years, the church banned the book and government officials shortened it to cut down on dangerous political speculation. However, for the Irish people, the Dean of St. Patrick's Cathedral remained a legendary fighter for the rights of the oppressed poor, about him social activities Ordinary townspeople did not forget his literary talent.

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