NOD “Hare in Russian folk tales. Hare - fairy-tale character

Russian folk art very rich and varied. There are hundreds of different Russian folk tales, parables, omens, songs, etc. The main wealth is our children. This has been known for a long time. That is why Russian folklore contains so many instructive works from which a child can learn eternal values, correct life principles and priorities. One of the most beloved and popular fairy tales is “Zaykina’s Hut,” which talks about honesty, mutual assistance and true friendship.

Author and original text

The fairy tale "Zaykina's Hut" is considered a Russian folk tale, and its original author is unknown. However, like original text this work. Now it is almost impossible to find. There are already dozens of different interpretations of this tale on the Internet. One option differs from the other not radically, but they are still different. And besides the Internet, when transmitting the text of a Russian folk tale from mouth to mouth, it is quite difficult to preserve the exact verbatim text. Therefore, the work has undergone slight changes both in the composition of the characters and in the plot itself.

Characters

The heroes of the fairy tale "Zaikin's Hut" are a variety of animals. The main characters are the Fox, the Hare and the Rooster. Even the name of this Russian folk tale has several variations. This tale can also be found under the title “The Fox and the Hare” or “The Hare, the Fox and the Rooster.” Besides these central characters, the work contains a Wolf, a Bear, a Bull, a Goat and a Dog. It should be noted that the main characters do not change. It is on their image that the narrative is built. The supporting animal characters are interchangeable and don't have much to play with. important role. In any of existing versions This Russian folk tale tells about 5-6 characters. Of these, 3 are central and another 2-3 secondary characters.

Fairy tale interpretations

The fairy tale "Zaikin's Hut" is so popular today and is considered instructive that plays have been written based on it for children attending kindergarten And primary school. In 1973, the first cartoon based on the text of the fairy tale was released. The work is called "The Fox and the Hare". Now there are more than a dozen different video variations based on the text of this fairy tale. You can also find one of the versions of the text of the work set to poetry. Which is very good for small children. After all, a verse is much easier and more interesting to remember and learn than an ordinary text.

The fairy tale "Zaikin's Hut" tells cautionary tale about good and evil. Once upon a time the Hare and the Fox lived next door. Each of the heroes had their own own house, the Fox has a hut made of ice, and the Hare has a bast hut. During the winter, the cheat made fun of the oblique, praising her home. But spring came, the sun began to warm, the snow melted, as did the Fox’s house. Using cunning, she lured the Hare out of his hut and occupied it, driving the Hare out forever.

Kosoy was very upset and, walking through the forest, on his way he meets a Wolf, a Bear and a Bull in turn. Each of the animals sympathizes with the Hare and volunteers to help bring his home back. But no one succeeds. The fox turns out to be smarter than them. After three unsuccessful attempts to return his home, the Hare meets the Rooster on his way, who also decides to help him. What came of this? No matter how the Hare tried to dissuade the Rooster from helping him, he was more stubborn, and turned out to be absolutely right. He managed to lure the Fox out of the hut and scare her with his scythe. She ran away and never came back. And the Hare and the Rooster became friends and began to live together in a bast hut.

It is not difficult to figure out which characters are good and which are evil. Kids love this fairy tale very much. She teaches them not to envy, to help a friend in need and to appreciate those around them. And as always happens in good children's fairy tales, good defeated evil.

Purpose of the lesson: Acquaintance with the Russian folk tale “The Boasting Hare.”
Lesson objectives:
1. Educational aspect. Create conditions for the formation of full-fledged reading skills, the ability to work independently with text, the ability to work in a static pair, in a static group (in a group of permanent members.
2. Developmental aspect. Create conditions for the development of students’ oral coherent speech and ability to analyze work of art, the ability to analyze the character of a hero based on a plan, the ability to evaluate characters, the ability to recreate what they read, the ability to reveal cause-and-effect relationships.
3. Educational aspect. Create conditions to attract students' attention to the main idea of ​​the fairy tale: good always comes back with good.
Create conditions for cultivating courage and mutual assistance through the disclosure of deep moral understanding the meaning of the work.
Equipment: computer presentation, textbook, exhibition of books, cards describing the hero, cards with tasks (game “Lost and Found”, dossier), text of the fairy tale, certificates for reflection.
Ι Organizational moment.
1. Psychological attitude students.
Good morning!
We are glad to hear the call,
The lesson begins!
It's interesting for us to read
Think, argue, reflect!
- Let's smile at each other. Let the lesson bring us all the joy of communication, and let your helpers be: attention, resourcefulness, and ingenuity.
2. Articulation gymnastics.
– I suggest setting up your speech apparatus.
At-at-at-at - we will read a lot.
Aniya-aniya- we check knowledge.
Lu-lu-lu – I love fairy tales very much.
Gu-gu-gu - I will always help a friend.
– Who loves fairy tales?
– Are there any assistants among you?
- Do you know who the detectives are?
-What do detectives do?
Slide
ΙΙ Updating knowledge.
– Let’s see which of you is ready to become a detective? Let's conduct the first investigation.
- I need your help.
Game "Lost and Found".
– Read the words in each column carefully.
– What can these words mean?
L. Panteleev “Two Frogs” fairy tale
V. Gorbovsky “Pink Elephant” poem
V. Chaplin's "Mushka" story
Russian people "Boasting Hare" fairy tale
– Establish a correspondence between in the words of three columns.
– If anyone can complete this task on their own, get to work. And the rest will be helped by the content at the end of the textbook.
- Let's check how you coped with the investigation.
“You did a good job, I accept you as a detective.”
cards
Slide
Textbook p. 189
Slide
ΙΙΙ Production educational task.
– Eliminate works already studied and formulate the topic of the lesson.
– Russian folk tale “The Boasting Hare.”
– There is no such thing in life, the nature of which would not provide clues for a fairy tale. So the hare is often the hero of fairy tales.
Slide
IV Transition to the topic.
– What fairy tales with the participation of a hare do you know?
“Fear has big eyes” r.s.
“Zayushkina hut” r.s.
“The Bunny’s Complaints” by K.D. Ushinsky
"The Fox and the Hare" r.s.
"Kolobok" r.s.
"Teremok" r.s.
Mystery.
Long Ears is very clever
In the morning he gnaws on carrots.
He is from the wolf and the fox
He quickly hides in the bushes.
Who is he, this gray one,
What's going head over heels?
Gray in summer, white in winter,
Tell me, is he familiar to you?
– What helped you solve the riddle?
-What do you know about the hare?
– What kind of character does a hare usually have?
– Read the words and choose those that are inherent in the character of the hare. Explain your choice.
(Greedy, cheerful, cowardly, strong, brave, dexterous, stupid, unhappy, cautious, agile, curious, clumsy).
- Well young detectives, you are ready for new challenges.
– Sometimes authors change the usual character of the hero in their works.
– Today we will read the Russian folk tale “The Boasting Hare” and conduct an investigation. Let's collect as much information as possible about the hare.
- But before we start searching, we need to check our physical fitness.
Physical education minute.
We walk on our toes so that no one finds us.
We reach out to get an important package from the top shelf.
They hid in the thick grass.
Raising our legs high, we step over the traps.
Now let's see how attentive you are.
Slide
Book exhibition
Slide
Photos of hares
Board
Cards
V Solving a learning problem.
1. Vocabulary work.
– There will be words in the text, let’s clarify their meaning.
- Who is this brag?
Boast - one who boasts.
Boasting is excessive praise of one's virtues.
Peasant - villager.
The threshing floor is a platform for threshing compressed bread.
Kokorina - lower part coniferous tree.
2. Primary reading of the fairy tale by the teacher.
3. Analysis of the character of the hero.
-Where did the hare live?
- What did you do?
– Who did you communicate with?
- Why did the hare boast?
(He wanted to be big, strong, so that everyone would be afraid of him.)
- How did he boast? Read it.
-Who taught the hare a lesson?
-Do you think he has stopped bragging?
-What action did the hero of the fairy tale do?
-How did the crow thank the hare? Read it.
4. Research work.
– What is the hare in this fairy tale?
– To answer this question, I propose to work as detectives again.
– Now you will carefully read the fairy tale and compile a dossier on our hare.
– What is a dossier?
(Collecting information about someone or something.)
– We will collect information on the hero of the fairy tale according to plan:
Name___________________________
Place of residence_______________
Time of year_____________________
Appearance ___________________
Friends_________________________
Enemies__________________________
Actions_______________________
Character (underline the right option): lucky, boastful, lazy, honest, rude, lucky, brave, quick-witted, kind, angry, cowardly, talkative, caring.)
– The fairy tale was transferred from the textbook to a sheet of paper. As you read it, you will mark the answers in the text with a red pencil and write them down in your dossier.
5. Checking the results of the work.
– What dossier did you get? Read it.
– What character traits are condemned in the fairy tale?
(Boasting)
– Which ones are encouraged?
(Courage, mutual assistance)
– Why did we compile a dossier on the hero?
(To know and understand him better).
Slide
Textbook
(p. 51-52)
Slide
Slide
Dossier
Fairy tale text
VI Lesson summary. Reflection.
- With what literary work did we meet today?
– What can you say about the hero of this fairy tale?
- Which important discovery What did we do after reading this fairy tale?
– You need to listen to advice. A good deed made the hare brave.
– Which proverb best suits the content of the fairy tale?
One head is good, but two are better.
Die yourself, but help your comrade.
Seven do not wait for one.
Good always comes back in kind.
– Which proverb applies to our work in the classroom?
– You all did a good job and for your work you receive certificates of real detectives.
Certificate
issued to a real detective
_______________________________

02/08/2011
Teacher of the Year 2011
– You need to color the seal. Red - great job. Green – successful work.
– Thank each other for your work.
The lesson is over. Thank you all for your work.
Slide
Certificate

Is it possible to talk about a hare as a cowardly animal?

Cowardice is rather a human character trait. But animal psychology is a relatively young science, and people tend to attribute to animals what is characteristic of themselves.

How does a hare behave in natural conditions? In order not to get caught in the teeth of a predator, the hare hides, and if the predator does find it, it suddenly takes off and runs. A person who hides from danger may be considered cowardly. An alternative behavior is to meet the danger face to face, “in combat.” These stereotypes can also be discussed and their history can be found out.

But from the point of view of nature, the behavior of a hare is extremely rational. He knows how to camouflage himself well - that's why he hides. And so, by the way, it ensures the survival of its offspring. He runs very fast over short distances, so it makes sense for him to run for his life. Many herbivores behave this way. For example, fallow deer, deer. Remember the cycle of fairy tales by Felix Salten about the fawn Bambi. There are hares and deer in good relations. They consider each other “their own”. Of course, this is a fairy tale, and it ideologizes these relationships: they say, deer and hares are “friends” because neither one nor the other kills anyone.

But in general, a real hare is not such a small and weak animal. The length of his body is 60-70 cm. And if he stands on his hind legs, then his “height” can reach 80 cm. This does not take into account the length of his ears. He has on the front and hind legs has claws, and in some cases it is capable of repelling a predator. If the hare is standing, it will kick with its front paws. If he falls over on his back, he will kick with his hind legs, which are much stronger than his front ones. He can even rip open a fox's belly. Therefore, the fox does not always decide to attack the hare.

The common idea that a hare “constantly trembles with fear” is associated with the peculiarities of its sense of smell. Hares have a very acute sense of smell, and they constantly sniff the air to see if a predator has appeared nearby, or if there is suitable food nearby. When a hare sniffs, he moves his nose very quickly, and this also causes his upper lip to move. From the outside it may look like the hare is trembling.

Another “popular” misconception concerns hare “squint.” A hare's eyes are located not like a person's, but different sides heads. And the hare looks differently: a person has a field of vision different eyes intersect, and a single image appears in the brain. But a hare’s fields of vision do not intersect. Each eye “sees its own thing.” Horses, sheep, cows, goats, mice, squirrels and many other animals view the world in exactly the same way. They too could be considered “oblique”. In fact, they often say about a horse that it “crosses its eye.”

In general, a hare, like any other animal, is an incredibly interesting creature. Well, the fact that, while reading fairy tales, children sympathize with the hare and feel sorry for him, is good. Perhaps someday they will see a living hare and be very surprised - it will be so different from the fairy-tale hare. But it is useful to be surprised.

Fairy tales are an integral part children's world. From the very early years They teach kids kindness and justice. Fairy tale "The Hare and the Fox" - wonderful work, telling about how good life is for those who have real true friends. This children's story wins the hearts of not only little listeners, but also their parents.

The fairy tale “The Hare and the Fox” is great fun for children

The kids really love this piece. The fairy tale “The Hare and the Fox” is one of their favorites. When creating this wonderful story people endowed the main characters with certain character traits. The fairy tale “The Hare and the Fox” is a struggle between two sides. As usual, good opposes evil. Getting to know the pitiful, insecure Bunny, the arrogant Fox, the fearless Rooster and other characters gives the children incredible pleasure, lifts their spirits, and teaches them to empathize with the weak. Children of any age will be happy to listen to such a fairy tale. The little ones learn not to take away someone else’s property and understand the meaning of mutual assistance.

Plot

The action of the fairy tale "The Hare and the Fox" begins in winter time. The heroes need to build themselves a home. The hare is going to live in a bast hut. The Fox decides to build an ice house. However, with the arrival of spring, her “palace” melts. The Fox goes to the Hare and kicks him out of the house. The unfortunate man now has nowhere to live. A hare walks through the forest in tears. Various animals worry about him and try to help. However, after talking with Lisa, they run away. The Wolf, Bear and Bull are unable to cope with the cunning red beast. Only the Rooster bravely fights for the Hare's house, no matter what. As a result, justice is restored.

A cautionary tale

What is the moral? The proverb to the fairy tale “The Fox and the Hare” answers this question. “Stand boldly for a just cause,” these are the words about the brave Rooster. Another proverb for the fairy tale “The Fox and the Hare” is “you won’t recognize a friend without trouble.” In a word, this work teaches children to pay attention to the grief of others, fearlessness, and kindness. In addition, children understand that even in the most difficult situation there is no need to despair. There will always be a solution. The hare tried different options. And, despite the fact that nothing worked out for him, he was still able to regain his home.

Showing creativity

And the Hare is also an opportunity to show your artistic abilities. You can put on a great performance with children. The costumes are very easy to prepare. Today they can be purchased at one of the children's goods stores, or you can sew them yourself.

The folk tale “The Fox and the Hare” is perfectly played out by children even in the most early age. The words and actions are quite simple. Making decorations is also not difficult. The houses can be prepared in advance by drawing them on large sheets of paper, or cut out of plywood, or they can be done in another way. Small plywood blanks are painted in advance. In the play, the Bunny and the Fox will build houses out of them on their own. Transparent plastic is also suitable for an ice palace. “Sdrifts” can be made by gluing pieces of cotton wool onto sheets of whatman paper or the same plywood.

In the second act the scenery changes. Of the previous ones, only the bast hut remains on the stage. The Fox's house is being cleaned. Bushes and flowers appear in place of snowdrifts. While the Bunny is collecting bouquets, the Fox will sneak into his house. When he returns, the Hare will knock on the door and cry. However, Lisa is adamant.

Then everything follows the plot. The Wolf, the Bear and the Bull are trying to help the hero. But the Fox also drives them all away. Only the Rooster with a saber on his shoulder copes with this task. He sings an angry song, threatening the Fox to make a hat out of it. Frightened, she runs away from the hut. The Hare and the Rooster remain to live in the house together. In a word, staging such a performance means giving children an excellent opportunity to express themselves as actors. This tale is perfect for this.

Samotaeva Yana

This project is used in lessons literary reading, the surrounding world, fine art. The purpose of the project: to show a hare in nature and where the image of a hare is found. Research objectives: 1) who is the hare’s relative; 2) where do hares live; 3) is the hare really a coward? 4) why the hare is called oblique; 5) what is special about the ears; 6) how the image of a hare is shown in fairy tales; 7) what proverbs and riddles are there about hares; 8) Who is the symbol olympic games in Sochi 2014.

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Project. Hare. The image of a hare Completed by Supervisor: 2nd grade student Mysik Olga Samotaeva Yana Nikolaevna MBOU "Blagranovskaya Secondary School" Tyulgansky district, Orenburg region

to show a hare in nature and where the image of a hare is found. Purpose of the study:

Which domestic animal is related to the hare? How was the hare used to be depicted? Where do hares live? Is the hare really a coward? Why is the hare called oblique? What role do the ears play? Do a hare's teeth grow? How is the image of a hare shown in fairy tales? What proverbs and riddles are there about the hare? Who is the symbol of the 2014 Sochi Olympics? Research objectives:

I have a rabbit - he is a relative of the hare.

Probably the most distant image of a hare can be considered a white marble statue dating back to the 6th century BC. e.

Hares live all over to the globe. Hares are hunted all over the world. Sometimes people are surprised that these animals are not yet extinct. There are many hares only because they reproduce very quickly.

The image of a hare is cute, good-natured and cowardly. Hares are not at all cowardly and good-natured. In fact, this animal is capable of flying into a rage and bravely defending its life.

Although the hare is often called cross-eyed, it does not have any strabismus. Strabismus was attributed to hares by hunters who noticed that the hare always meanders and returns to its tracks. In fact, the reason for this behavior is the asymmetry in the development of the right and left paws of hares.

In the summer heat, hares' ears help them escape from overheating. They actively remove heat from the body. When it rains, hares fold their ears so that water does not get into them and they do not catch a cold.

Hares' teeth grow throughout their lives. They wear off when the hares chew food, but they never stop growing.

The hare in Russian fairy tales is usually small, pitiful, stupid, and cowardly; just runs fast. For example, in the fairy tale “The Hare and the Fox,” where many heroes came to his aid, and the rooster eventually kicked the fox out of the hare’s house, and the hare himself only cried and did not try to either fight the fox or outwit it.

In some fairy tales, the hare plays a role that is unusual for us: he can be a harmful, clean person “The Arctic fox and the hare” - a Nenets fairy tale. In the Burmese fairy tale “The Wise Rabbit Saved His Runny Nose,” the rabbit turned out to be smarter than the bear and the monkey managed to deceive the king of animals, the lion. Indian fairy tale « Sly fox"tells how the hare did not succumb to the fox's trick and saved his life thanks to his ingenuity.

“A hare is afraid of himself”, “Greedy like a wolf, but cowardly like a hare” “A shot hare doesn’t run far” “And a hare is smart, but with hindsight” “You can’t catch a hare without a dog”, “A fox lives by cunning, and a hare by agility” Proverbs and sayings

Run uphill, somersault down the mountain. Gray in summer, white in winter. (The answer to this riddle is not just a hare, but a white hare. Since the white hare dresses up for the winter in a snow-white fur coat) He doesn’t offend anyone, but he himself is afraid of everyone. Riddles

Statue of a hare in St. Petersburg

The hare is also a symbol Winter Olympics in Sochi - 2014

Thank you for your attention!