When will the Ostankino Palace of Count Sheremetyev open? The Ostankino estate is a valuable architectural monument of the 18th century
Cultural heritage Russia: Ostankino Palace Count SheremetyevThe Ostankino Estate Museum in Moscow is unique monument architecture of the 18th century in the northern part of the capital. Located close to the center, it attracts with its strict forms of classicist architecture, the beauty of the palace interiors and the silence of the ancient park. The Ostankino Estate Museum in Moscow is a protected area. natural area capitals.
Photo – D. Kozakov Boyar estate with a pond (XVI century), the Church of St. Life-Giving Trinity(XVII century), it becomes a manor's house and oak grove in late XVIII century palace-pack ensemble, the ceremonial summer residence of Count N.P. Sheremetev
On the spot modern manor Ostankino (originally Ostashkovo) stood 400 years ago dense forests, in which a few villages were scattered. In these places, the royal rangers often hunted bears and moose, for which the nearby lands received the name " Losiny Island", "Moose", "Medvedkovo".
The first written mention of the village and its owner dates back to 1558. Ivan the Terrible gave these lands into the possession of the serviceman Alexei Satin, who was executed by him during the oprichnina years. The new owner of the estate was famous diplomat, clerk of the embassy department Vasily Shchelkalov. Under him, Ostankino becomes a real estate ( end XVI- beginning XVII centuries). Shchelkanov builds a boyar house with a settlement in it business people, wooden Trinity Church. At the same time, a large pond was dug, a vegetable garden was planted, and an oak grove was planted.
After the Time of Troubles, the devastated estate was restored by new owners - the princes of Cherkasy, in addition, they built a beautiful stone church in honor of the Life-Giving Trinity, which has survived to this day, on the site of a burnt wooden one with a five-domed temple, with two chapels, three hipped porches and a bell tower with a high spire (now topped with a tent).
Ostankino has been associated with the Sheremetev family since 1743, when Count Pyotr Borisovich Sheremetev married Princess Varvara Alekseevna Cherkasskaya, the only daughter of the Cherkasskys. As a dowry, she received 24 estates, which included Ostankino, and the young owner himself, who owned the Kuskovo estate, created an orchard in Ostankino, laid out a park, and built new mansions.
After the death of Sheremetev Sr. (1788), his son Nikolai Petrovich Sheremetev took over as heir, to whom not only the Ostankino estate passed, but also his father’s estates in 17 provinces with 200 thousand peasants, with prosperous villages in which the peasants worked artistic crafts.
The young Count Sheremetev was one of the richest aristocrats of his time.
Upon arrival in Russia, he planned to create a Palace of Arts with a theater in Ostankino, art galleries, with richly decorated state rooms and halls open to both domestic and foreign guests.
The palace was built from 1791 to 1798. Architects Giacomo Quarenghi, Francesco Camporesi, as well as Russian architects E. Nazarov and serf architect P. Argunov took part in its design. The construction was carried out by serf craftsmen, who were supervised by the responsible architects A. Mironov, G. Dikushin, P. Bizyaev. The interiors were also designed by serf artists: decorator G. Mukhin, artist N. Argunov, carvers F. Pryakhin and I. Mochalin, parquet artists F. Pryadchenko, E. Chetverikov. P. Argunov completed the finishing of the building.
Ostankino Palace was built in the style of classicism. Monumental and majestic, it seemed to be built of stone, although the material for it was wood.
General composition The palace is based on a diagram in the form of the letter "P" with a front courtyard. The building is designed in classical symmetry. A large dome crowns the central part of the building, decorated with three classic porticoes: a central one and two side ones. Pavilions on both sides (Italian and Egyptian) are connected to the main building by one-story galleries.
The main room in the center of the palace is theater hall. It should be noted that the graph created unusual theater where serfs received good things acting education from famous Russian and foreign artists. The musical part was headed by composer, bandmaster and singing teacher Ivan Degtyarev, and the complex mechanisms of the stage were managed by Fyodor Pryakhin.
All this was created by golden hands by masters - serf craftsmen of the count, who recruited the most capable peasants from different villages, sent them to study at the Academy of Arts and even to Italy.
In 1801, Sheremetev left for St. Petersburg forever, marrying the young but already famous actress of his theater Praskovya Ivanovna Kovaleva-Zhemchugova - the daughter of a serf blacksmith, not recognized in the world and who died of consumption at 34 years old after the birth of her son Dmitry. Soon the count himself dies. Their son was raised by the ballerina of the same theater T.V. Shlykova-Granatova.
The interiors of the main halls have retained their original decor and decoration. Lighting fixtures made of crystal, bronze, and gilded carved wood add special elegance to the halls. The decoration of Ostankino interiors is inlaid artistic parquet.
From June to September, the Ostankino Theater hosts the traditional Sheremetev Seasons festival, which continues musical and theatrical traditions estates. Production of operas and ballets of the 18th century, various concert programs performed in the hall historical theater, provide an opportunity to experience the theatrical purpose of the Ostankino Palace and immerse yourself in the atmosphere of estate holidays
Sculptures and stucco moldings of the Sheremetyev Palace facade
Church in Ostankino
The Church of the Life-Giving Trinity (1678-1692) was built of red brick. The facades of the building are decorated with multi-colored tiles depicting flowers, fantastic birds and animals, white stone carvings, figured brickwork. In the central part of the church there is an iconostasis with icons from the 17th-18th centuries
Ostankino remained the Sheremetev family estate until 1917. After the revolution of 1917, the estate was nationalized and functioned as an estate museum, and since 1938 - as a museum of serf art. Since then, a large scientific work to restore and restore the palace, catalogs of its collections are being created.
As a public museum, the Ostankino estate opened to visitors on May 1, 1919 on the initiative of the Department for Museums and the Protection of Monuments of Art and Antiquities of the People's Commissariat for Education. The museum is currently undergoing a comprehensive scientific restoration. Every year from May 18 to September 30, the part of the palace open for display is included in sightseeing tour around the estate
The Ostankino Palace was built of Siberian pine with external plaster and internal decorative finishing (1792-1798) in the style of Russian classicism. Architects: Camporesi, Starov, Brenna. The modest decor of the plastered walls consists of plaster bas-reliefs on mythological themes, the wall niches are “enlivened” with sculptural images of heroes ancient mythology associated with the cult of Dionysus and Apollo
Its plastered walls look like stone. The pale pink color of the palace façade bore the poetic name “the color of a nymph at dawn.” This sophisticated color and white columns created a feeling of purity. The harmony of lines and beauty of interiors have fascinated guests for several centuries.
The main facade is decorated with a majestic six-column portico of the Corinthian order, installed on the ledge of the first floor. The facade facing the park is decorated with a ten-columned loggia of the Ionic order. The outer walls of the palace are decorated with bas-reliefs by sculptors F. Gordeev and G. Zamaraev. The most main part palace - a theater hall connected by closed galleries with the Egyptian and Italian pavilions, which were used for ceremonial receptions and theatrical productions
Theater of the Ostankino Estate Museum
At that time, theater was one of the fashionable pastimes. N.P.’s passion for theater Sheremetev's work grew into his life's work. According to the count's plan, the Ostankino Palace was to become the Pantheon of Arts, a palace in which the theater reigns. The theater was opened in 1795 with I. Kozlovsky’s opera based on the words of A. Potemkin “The Capture of Izmail or Zelmira and Smelon”. The theater troupe consisted of about 200 actors, singers and musicians. The repertoire included ballet, operas and comedies.
wind machine
Thunder machine
Not only works by Russian authors were staged, but also by French and Italian composers. Count Sheremetev organized holidays in honor of high-ranking persons, which were usually accompanied by a performance with the participation of talented actors. The serf actress Praskovya Zhemchugova, a talented singer, shone on the theater stage.
Last holiday, in honor of Emperor Alexander I, took place in 1801. Soon the theater was dissolved and the owners left the palace. The theater hall has survived to this day in its “ballroom” form, but even today ancient operas are staged here and sound chamber orchestras. The hall remains the capital's best hall in terms of acoustics. It is built in the shape of a horseshoe, which provides good visibility from all places and excellent acoustics. The hall is decorated in blue and pink tones and can accommodate up to 250 spectators.
Auditorium
The auditorium was small, but decorated with great elegance. The amphitheater was separated from the stalls by a balustrade, behind which, between Corinthian columns, there were the mezzanine loggias, and above them, right at the ceiling, the upper gallery. The halls of the palace were intended for foyer and were used as concert and banquet halls: Egyptian Hall, Italian Hall, Raspberry Living Room, art gallery, concert hall etc. They can be called ceremonial rooms with crystal chandeliers, parquet floors, paintings, gilded stucco, stylish furniture, silk wall coverings, paintings, engravings, sculptures. Even small corner rooms and transitional galleries were luxuriously decorated
Theater ceiling
The two-story theater is located in the center of the palace and is surrounded by a system of state halls. A unique theatrical version of classicism was used in the decoration of the state rooms. Fabrics, gilding and wood carving, and painting on paper were used in interior decoration.
Interior decoration
The interior decoration of the palace surprises with its elegance and simplicity. Most of the decor is made of wood imitating marble, bronze and other materials. The main type of decoration of the halls is gilded carving. Most of The carved decoration was made by carver P. Spol. It is especially beautiful in the Italian pavilion.
Egyptian Hall
Patterned parquet flooring made of rare wood, walls upholstered in satin and velvet. The state rooms of the palace are famous for their gilded furniture of the 18th and early 19th centuries, made by Russian and European masters. Lamps, wall and other decorations were often made specifically for the Ostankino Palace. All items are in their places and have reached us in their original condition. As an eyewitness wrote: “... everything glitters with gold, marbles, statues, vases.”
Egyptian Hall
There is also a collection of portraits from the 18th and 19th centuries on display. work famous masters, and also rare paintings unknown artists. Unfortunately, out of thirty genuine antique sculptures Only five have survived to this day. Therefore, palace sculpture is represented mainly by copies. Works by Western European sculptors Canova and Lemoine, Boizot and Triscorni have also been preserved. Among the porcelain items, items from the Cherkassky collection have been preserved. These are products of Japanese and Chinese porcelain from the 16th to 18th centuries. You can also see a collection of fans from the collection of the famous collector F.E. Vishnevsky
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Balcony 2nd floor
Ostankino Park
Together with the construction of the palace N.P. Sheremetev laid out a regular park in french style, and later he created a landscape park. The regular park was the main part of the so-called Pleasure Garden, which also included a parterre and an embankment hill "Parnassus", "Own Garden" and a cedar grove. The pleasure garden was located next to the palace. The part of the grove closest to the estate (the so-called Surplus Garden) was turned into an English park. An English gardener worked on the creation of a natural landscape garden. 5 artificial ponds were created. In the garden grew oaks and lindens, maples and various shrubs - hazel, honeysuckle and viburnum. Along Botanicheskaya Street there is a Sculpture Park. There are flower beds here, two gazebos with columns, a stage and open gallery.The museum conducts active exhibition work, presenting temporary exhibitions from its funds both in the palace and outside it. The theater, part of the state rooms and the park are open to visitors. Nowadays, the Ostankino museum-estate in Moscow is a unique palace and park ensemble with the only wooden theater building in Russia from the late 18th century
Despite all its luxury and splendor, the building of the Ostankino Palace is built entirely of wood. At the same time, the palace in Ostankino is not at all similar to rural estates, and could well take its rightful place on the most beautiful streets of Moscow.
Ostankino. Plans of the first and second floors of the palace. Measurement of I. Golosov
Only the large size of the building, designed to accommodate everything that is required for a broad lordly life, reminds us that this is a rural estate. The palace was built and decorated over the course of one decade, giving it extraordinary unity and integrity. Its project was developed by several remarkable architects, including such stars as M. Kazakov, D. Quarenghi, and D. Gilardi. In the central part of the palace one can see the creative genius of M.F. Kazakov, in the side wings it is easy to recognize the manner of Quarenghi, while Gilardi made minor additions after the palace was completed. The Sheremetev serf architects - A. Mironov, G. Dikushin and A. Argunov - were also involved in the work on the palace project.
Kazakov Matvey Fedorovich
Giacomo Antonio Domenico Quarenghi
Domenico Gilardi
In terms of its composition, the Ostankino Palace is built in the shape of the letter P (“rest”) with a front courtyard, which is very traditional for estates of that time. The side wings are connected to central building single-story galleries emphasizing the elegant splendor of the portico on the central part of the house. The dome rising above all this gives the entire building an extraordinary completeness and harmony. From the garden facade, the building looks no less majestic. This is facilitated by a ten-column loggia-portico, covering the entire second floor. The marble bas-relief that completes the sonorous chord of the columns is made in greek style. Under the hot sun of the south, marble would give sharp effects, dark shadows would stand out even more sharply against the background of the brilliance of the illuminated parts. In the cloudy Russian light, the shadows of the bas-relief acquire an unusually gentle harmony, their light pearlescent-gray tints are wonderfully combined with the damp Moscow sky and fading surrounding nature. Despite all the classicism of its forms, the Ostankino Palace is distinguished by its extraordinary elegance and luxury. And no wonder, because it could not help but reflect the spirit of abundance and pretentiousness that dominated architecture and art throughout the 18th century. The count himself meticulously delved into the smallest details of the construction of his brainchild. He often consulted and argued with his architects. As a result, Ostankino does not look like the creation of one master, but it wonderfully reflects the era and the understanding of beauty that united all the masters of the late 18th century.
The estate is currently under reconstruction.
The Ostankino estate is a beautiful building, surrounded by perennial oaks and linden trees, with ponds built in the 17th century. It belonged to Count Pyotr Sheremetyev, it was he who built the park and the large ballroom. His heir, Nikolai Sheremetyev, was fond of theater, and he came up with the idea of creating a professional home theater. It was decided to expand the estate, for this purpose the Italian architect Francesco Casporesi was invited, it was he who combined the theater, Italian and Egyptian pavilions and living quarters in it.
The reconstructed manor was built not of stone, but of wood. The Count wanted the theater hall to be used as a dance floor. It was the use of wood that made this possible.
In 1795 it was held grand opening theater and production of the drama “Zelmira and Smelon, or the Capture of Ishmael.” The theater had a large troupe, about 170 people were involved in the production of drama, comedy, opera and ballet. Hundreds of operas, ballets and comedies have been staged at the N. Sheremetyev Theater. One of the artists was the count's beloved serf Polina Zhemchugova. In 1801 they secretly got married. The theater existed until 1804.
In 1856, Tsar Alexander II spent a week in Ostankino, created a winter garden on the site of the theater, cleaned the machine room and laid floors. After the revolution of 1917, the estate was declared national treasure and in 1919 it opened to the public.
Wooden structures are covered with reinforced mesh, on which a layer of marble chips is applied in a special way. The resulting surface is painted with patterns of amazing beauty, the interiors are furnished with unique furniture and magnificent lamps.
An ancient cedar grove grows on the territory of the estate. If you look closely at the green mesh on the facade of one of the buildings, you can see the coat of arms of the Sheremetyev family.
Operating mode:
- open from May 18 to September 30;
- Tuesday-Sunday - from 11.00 to 19.00;
- does not work in rain and humidity above 80%.
Every third Sunday of the month, admission to the estate is free.
Foundation and establishment of the estate
The first mention of the village dates back to 1558, but the history of the estate begins in 1584. This year's keeper state seal- clerk Vasily Shchelkalov, who at that time owned the village of Ostankino, builds a boyar’s house in it, plants a grove and lays a wooden church. The buildings created by Shchelkalov were destroyed in Time of Troubles, only the pond he created has survived to this day.
Ostankino estate, 18th century. photo: Ghirlandajo , Public DomainThe estate, boyar's house and Trinity Church are being restored by Prince Cherkassky, to whom Ostankino was granted by Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich in 1601. Prince Yakov's nephew, who inherited the land, has been developing hunting grounds in Ostankino since 1642, and his son, Mikhail Yakovlevich, instead of a dilapidated wooden church, erects a stone one and orders the planting of a cedar grove. TO early XVIII century, the estate becomes one of the most beautiful in the Moscow region. In 1743, the granddaughter of Mikhail Yakovlevich, Princess Varvara Alekseevna, the only daughter of the chancellor Russian Empire, Prince Alexei Mikhailovich Cherkassky, one of the richest brides in Moscow, marries Count Pyotr Borisovich Sheremetev, the Ostankino estate is part of the dowry.
, Public Domain Since Pyotr Borisovich lived in his family estate in Kuskovo, Ostankino was mainly used for economic purposes. Despite this, on his instructions, a park was laid out, greenhouses and conservatories were built, and the house was partially rebuilt.
Creation of a palace theater
In 1788, after the death of his father, the estate was inherited by his son Nikolai Petrovich.
unknown, Public Domain XVIII-XIX centuries
The ensemble took shape over several centuries and was finally formed under Count N.P. Sheremetev at the turn of the 18th-19th centuries. Having visited in the 1830s. in Ostankino, A. S. Pushkin noted: “Horn music does not thunder in the groves of Ostankino and Svirlovo (Sviblovo) ... Buns and colored lanterns do not illuminate the English paths, now overgrown with grass, but once planted with myrtle and orange trees, hundreds of years old of its existence. The manor's house was decrepit...” However, the interiors of the palace have almost completely retained their decor and decoration. One of the main attractions is the artistic inlaid parquet flooring. The abundance of carved gilded wood gives the halls an original appearance. Chandeliers, furniture and other furnishings are in their original places. The Ostankino Palace is practically the only theater building of the 18th century in Russia that has preserved the stage, auditorium, dressing rooms and part of the engine room mechanisms.
Shakko, CC BY-SA 3.0 Ostankino Estate Museum
From 1918 - state museum, in which you can now see authentic interiors of the 18th century, hear the music of that time and operas from the repertoire of the Sheremetev Theater.
The master plan for the estate park, called “Park of Culture and Leisure named after Dzerzhinsky,” was developed by the architect V. I. Dolganov together with Yu. S. Grinevitsky.
Architectural ensemble of the estate
Church of the Holy Trinity
Lodo27, GNU 1.2 The Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Ostankino is one of the oldest buildings preserved in the estate. In September 1678, according to the petition of Prince Mikhail of Cherkassy, Patriarch Joakov blessed the construction of a stone church to replace the dilapidated wooden one. Construction of the temple was carried out from 1678 to 1683 according to the design of the serf architect Pavel Sidorovich Potekhin, a little away from old church, so as not to affect the cemetery around it.
Front yard
Vladimir OKC , Public Domain Park
Gazebo "Milovzor" on the artificial hill Parnassus in the park of the Ostankino estate. The original gazebo was built in 1795. The next one was built in the late 20s. XIX century The modern gazebo was recreated in 2003. State budgetary institution culture of Moscow
"Moscow Museum-Estate Ostankino".
The museum - the Ostankino estate is not only for me historical place, but also dear to our family. My parents once met in this museum, because their grandmothers took them to Ostankino Park since childhood: they walked around the territory, looked at the palace’s exhibitions, touched the chess floor in one of the halls, and ate donuts.
It is not surprising that when I was born and grew up, my parents also took me to the museum - the Ostankino estate.
In this estate, it seems to me that I know everything and, nevertheless, I adore visiting the museum and listening amazing stories. I never get tired of walking through the halls of the museum, looking at the paintings, hearing about Count Sheremetev’s theater.
We have huge opportunities to get additional information about this unique museum. I had such freedom. I wanted to know more and more.
I love the Ostankino estate museum, I feel very comfortable there. I think it's one of the most interesting places our city.
When I found out that the “I Recognize Moscow” competition was being held, I immediately decided to participate in it and tell everyone about my favorite place - the museum - the Ostankino estate.
Historical information.
Castle.
The Ostankino estate is a museum where you can plunge into the history of the life and everyday life of the Sheremetev counts.
In the 16th century, the estate belonged to clerk Vasily Shchelkalov, who was the tsar’s keeper of the seal. In 1584, Shchelkalov already had the village of Ostankino with boyar mansions, a garden, a lake and a wooden church.
During the Time of Troubles, almost everything was destroyed, only the lake remained. Later, in 1601, Prince A. M. Cherkassky became the owner of this estate, under whom residential mansions were built here, planted oak groves and the beautiful stone Trinity Church (Church of the Life-Giving Trinity) that has survived to this day was built. The architect of the temple was the serf master Pavel Potekhin.
Count Pyotr Sheremetev received Ostankino as a dowry when he married the daughter of the Chancellor of the Russian Empire, Varvara Alekseevna Cherkasskaya.
Under Peter Sheremetev, alleys and a garden appeared on the estate. By order of the new owner, ornamental and agricultural crops began to be planted in the greenhouses.
But the main stage in the development of the history of the Ostankino estate began under Count Nikolai Petrovich Sheremetev. It was under Count Sheremetev that the Ostankino estate acquired its unique appearance.
He was a true connoisseur and connoisseur of the arts, the most educated person of that period and a passionate theatergoer. Ostankino is the estate where Sheremetyev was able to fulfill his dream. The count created a theater and palace complex on the estate. The Ostankino Theater was arranged interestingly. It could be quickly converted into a ballroom. The stage dimensions made it possible to stage operas with quick changes of scenery and many crowd scenes.
Construction work was carried out over six years from 1792.
Participated in design and construction work famous architects F. Camporesi, V. Brenn, I. Starov, as well as the architect I. Argunov.
N.P. Sheremetev collected a collection of paintings, sculptures and engravings, but all free time dedicated to music and theater. This passion of his created all the prerequisites for the creation in Ostankino of one of the best serf theaters not only in Moscow, but throughout Russia. In the troupe of the Ostankino Theater, formed in the 70s. 18th century, there were many talented actors, among them a serf actress, opera singer Praskovya Kovaleva, the count's beloved with whom he was secretly married and for whom a palace was built, a cascade of ponds was dug and a park was laid out.
In those days, Ostankino was an estate in which the capital's secular society gathered and was considered one of the best estates in Moscow.
After the death of his parents, six-year-old Dmitry became the owner of the estate. And for some time the palace remained away from social life. Since the first half of the 19th century, Ostankino Park has become a favorite place for festivities among Muscovites of all classes.
During October Revolution Ostankino was nationalized, and in 1918 the estate was turned into a state museum. Since 1938, the Sheremetev estate was renamed the Palace-Museum of the Creativity of Serfs. The estate received a new name in 1992. It became the Moscow Ostankino Estate Museum.
Currently, the palace is closed for restoration until December 2016.
Church of the Life-Giving Trinity / Trinity Church. /
In 1584, clerk Vasily Shchelkalov built a boyar's house, planted a grove, built a pond and founded a wooden church, which was lost.
Having become the owner of the estate, Prince Mikhail Yakovlevich Cherkassky filed a petition addressed to Patriarch Joachim. Having received the Blessed Charter for the construction, from 1677 to 1683, on the site of a previously standing wooden one, the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity was built, which is considered one of the oldest buildings located in this place. The architect of the temple was supposedly the serf master Pavel Potekhin, but there is a possibility that Stefan Poretsky took part in the construction.
The temple was built in traditional style and has three chapels - the northern one, consecrated in the name of the Tikhvin icon Mother of God, southern - in the name of St. Alexander of Svirsky, and central - in the name of the Life-Giving Trinity, which gave the name to the temple
There was also a fourth throne - St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, which was located in the basement of the temple and was active in 1920.
The style in which the temple is made is often called “Russian patterned” due to its beautiful silhouette and abundance architectural elements. The forms of decor are very diverse, and there are elements that are simply outstanding in beauty. The church amazes not only with its complex composition, but also with the variety of decorative forms: the walls are decorated with cornice belts, arches and kokoshniks. The special pride of the church was the magnificent iconostasis in the Baroque style, which was lost.
In 1743, when the church passed to Count Sheremetev, he decided to carry out restoration, because... the building urgently required this. At the same time, some reconstruction was carried out. The windows were enlarged and tents appeared above the bell tower instead of spiers. The restoration was carried out by architects A.K. Serebryakov and N.V. Sultanov.
After the October Revolution, church decorations and utensils were confiscated from the church.
In 1991, Patriarch Alexy 2 illuminated the church after restoration.
Currently, the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Ostankino is the metochion of the Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus' and is open to parishioners.
Toponymy.
What does the name Ostankino mean and its origin?
There are several assumptions. According to one version, Ostankino comes from the word remains “a family piece, remnant, estate received as an inheritance.”
During the reign of Ivan the Terrible, the village of Ostashkovo belonged to the freethinker Alexei Satin, who was a fierce opponent of the tsar’s policies, for which he was executed, and Ivan the Terrible gave the village of Ostashkovo to his wife Anna Kotlovskaya. After some time, Grozny gave this village to one of his guardsmen, Ortu. After him, the lands began to belong to clerk Shchelkany.
So the village passed from hand to hand until it found permanent owners, the princes of Cherkassy, with whom Ostankino remained for almost two centuries.
The last owner of Ostankino was Count Nikolai Petrovich Sheremetev.
The name of the village of Ostankino is not connected either with the name of the temple, or with any of the above-mentioned surnames of the owners (Cherkasskys, Sheremetevs), known and famous in their time, and according to another version it can be assumed that very often the name of the village or hamlet became the name or surname of the first settler, the most famous owner to whom they belonged; the one who was the first settler in these places. It is quite possible that the name of the village of Ostashkovo (now Ostankino) became the name of a now unknown pioneer named Ostap (Ostanka, Ostanok) or Ostash (Ostashka, Ostashok). Maybe this man, several centuries ago, received for faithful service or bought a plot of forest thicket, uprooted it, cleared it for arable land, set up a village here, which began to be called Ostashkova village, or Ostankina (“Whose village?” - “Belonging to Ostashka, Ostanka ").
In Moscow toponymy, the memory of Count Sheremetev and the architect Argunov is preserved in the names of streets that are located near Ostankino.
Heraldry.
Coat of arms of the family of princes of Cherkasy. (See photo1)
In the shield, divided into four parts, in the middle there is an ermine shield with a marked orb. In the first part, in a red field, Cherkasy is wearing a golden epanche and a princely hat with a feather, riding a white horse with a golden harness, having a golden spear on his shoulder. In the second part, in a blue field between three hexagonal silver stars, two silver arrows are depicted crosswise, pointed upward, on which is placed a red shield with a silver crescent on it. In the third part, in a silver field of natural color, there is a lion holding a drawn bow with an arrow in its front paws. In the fourth part, in a golden field, two serpents are visible, intertwined perpendicularly, of a natural color. The shield is covered with a mantle belonging to the princely dignity and a hat with a feather, shaped like a turban, which is placed on a golden crown. This hat with a feather expresses the celebrity of the ancestor of the Cherkassy princes Inal, who was a sultan in Egypt.
Coat of arms of the Sheremetev family. (See photo 2)
In the middle of the golden shield in a red field, surrounded by a laurel crown, there is a golden crown, i.e. the coat of arms of the ancient Prussian rulers, and under it two silver crosses marked perpendicularly. In the lower part, on a golden shield, there is a cap, which in ancient times served as a distinction for the boyars, in which many held ranks of the Sheremetev family, and at the bottom of the cap there is a spear and a sword, placed crosswise on a silver crescent, with its horns facing upward. The shield is covered with a count's crown, on the surface of which there is a tournament helmet crowned with an image of an idolatrous oak tree, on the sides of which two silver hexagonal stars are visible. The shield is held by two lions with golden foreheads, and in their mouths there are laurel and olive branches, of which the one standing with right side there is a scepter in the paws, and on the left side there is an orb in memory of the fact that the ancestors of the Kolychev family were rulers in Prussia. The mantling on the shield is gold, lined with red. Under the shield is the inscription: DEUS CONSERVAT OMNIA.
“God preserves everything” is the motto of the Sheremetev counts, under which they did good.
Interesting facts.
The Ostankino estate is a uniquely preserved monument of Russian architecture XVIII century.
Count N.P. Sheremetev collected unique collection paintings, sculptures and engravings, he built the “house of arts” - a beautiful wooden theater, with incredible technical devices, which became an invaluable architectural monument.
Empress Elizaveta Petrovna was a frequent guest at the estate.
In 1797, Paul I personally came here, in whose honor a ball was given.
In 1801, Emperor Alexander I visited Ostankino.
In 1856, before the coronation of Alexander II, a temporary residence was set up in Ostankino for the new emperor, who lived here with his family for a week in preparation for the ceremony. In Ostankino, Alexander II signed a decree abolishing serfdom, and then for a long time the emperor’s inkwell was kept in the palace.
IN Ostankino Museum there is an estate archive and library, some of the books in which belonged to the Sheremetevs. The archive preserves many original drawings, measurements and projects based on which the local palace was created and the park was designed.
Territory area.
Exhibition and exhibition space - 2292m2
Storage area - 880m2
Park area - 9 hectares
