The history of the creation of the story Dubrovsky briefly. The history of the creation of the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Dubrovsky
The writer and poet A. S. Pushkin made an invaluable contribution to Russian literature. His creative heritage truly priceless. To outshine the genius was beyond the power of any living person, both at the time of the creation of the classic, and to this day. His words: “I erected a monument to myself not made by hands” turned out to be truly prophetic. The folk trail to it will never overgrow.
One of the many greatest works great writer is the novel "Dubrovsky". It is about him that will be discussed in this article.
The history of the creation of the novel "Dubrovsky"
The idea to write this novel came to Pushkin after he heard from one of his friends a story about the life of the nobleman Ostrovsky. This character became the prototype of the main character. His life's hardships and the history of the creation of the novel "Dubrovsky" are closely intertwined. In 1830, Ostrovsky was deprived of his family estate, and he was left homeless. Driven to poverty, nobleman Belarusian origin began to take revenge on the officials. He took his own peasants as allies. Together with them, Ostrovsky began to rob the rich. This story ended tragically. Ostrovsky was eventually caught and sent to prison.
There is also evidence that the story of the creation of the novel "Dubrovsky" originates after another sad case. As a result of a long litigation, lieutenant Muratov lost the estate that rightfully belonged to him. By an unfair decision of officials, it was given to the influential Mr. Kryukov.
These stories shocked Pushkin to the core, who himself was an uncompromising fighter for the right of every person to think freely. For these qualities, the poet and writer was repeatedly persecuted. The history of the creation of the novel "Dubrovsky" began at a time of hostility between the social strata of the country. The work displays the mutual hostility of various classes, as well as all the drama of the events taking place at that time.
The history of the creation of the novel "Dubrovsky". Summary
The rich Russian gentleman K. P. Troekurov, distinguished cruel temper, maintains friendly relations with his neighbor - a poor nobleman A. G. Dubrovsky. Troyekurov's favorite entertainment is locking his guests in a room with a hungry bear. Cruel jokes characterize the landowner as an unprincipled and immoral person.
One day, a big quarrel occurs between friends, which develops over time into outright enmity. The landowner bribes the court, and, using his influence, sues his neighbor's estate. Dubrovsky loses his mind in the courtroom and falls seriously ill. His son Vladimir, having left the service in St. Petersburg, comes to his sick father, who soon gives his soul to God. Beside himself with anger, Vladimir sets fire to the estate so that it does not go to the cruel landowner.
Subsequently, Dubrovsky Jr. becomes a robber who robs rich local landowners. But he does not touch Troekurov's estate. Having bribed a passing teacher, under his guise he turns out to be a tutor in the family of his enemy. Between Vladimir and Troekurov's daughter Masha, love breaks out over time.
Troekurov gives his daughter against her will to marry the old prince. Dubrovsky tries to prevent this, but does not have time to do it - Masha has already taken an oath, therefore she refuses Vladimir's help. The provincial authorities, after some time, are trying to neutralize the detachment young man. However, they fail to do so. Vladimir dismisses his people, while he himself hides abroad.
The image of the main character
The history of the creation of the novel "Dubrovsky" and the main characters were inspired by the author of a difficult time for the peasants, in which power and money decided everything. Pushkin depicts in his work the life of the Russian village with great accuracy, and in contrast to it, he shows the way of life of the landowners, which is filled with excesses and cruel amusements.
The personality of the protagonist in the course of the novel undergoes significant changes. If at the beginning of the work he is shown as a frivolous and carefree young man who spends his father's money and does not think about the life of mere mortals, then in the future, faced with the loss loved one and the injustice of life - it changes radically. Vladimir's carelessness is replaced by concern and responsibility for the fate of the peasants who are subject to him.
Dubrovsky begins to take revenge, and not so much for himself, but in order to somehow restore justice in this cruel world. The image of Vladimir acquires romantic traits, as he remains noble, despite his robber way of life. He only robbed the rich and killed no one.
Love for Masha transforms Dubrovsky. As a result, he refuses his revenge. However, the fate of the protagonist is sad. He fails in love, remains lonely and useless.
Possible sequel
The history of the creation of the novel by A. S. Pushkin "Dubrovsky" was never completed by the author. She remained unfinished. great writer failed to complete his work. There is a version that Pushkin planned to continue his novel in the following way. After the death of Masha's husband, Dubrovsky returns to his homeland to reunite with his beloved. However, Vladimir receives a denunciation, which is connected with his robbery past. The chief of police intervenes.
Conclusions about possible continuation novels were made after studying the drafts of the great writer.
Criticism
Not everyone liked the story of the creation of the novel "Dubrovsky". Briefly your criticism this work Anna Akhmatova spoke.
In her opinion, the novel failed. She even expressed her joy at the fact that the work was not completed. Akhmatova believed that the story of the creation of the novel "Dubrovsky" was an attempt to earn money by the author, and she classified the work itself as "tabloid". This novel the Russian poetess placed below all other works of the great writer.
Screen adaptation
In 1936, the Soviet director A. Ivanovsky made a film of the same name based on the novel "Dubrovsky". In 1989, as well as in 2014, the novel was filmed by directors V. Nikiforov and A. Vartanov.
Several films were staged based on this text, its plot became the basis famous opera. At the same time, for many of Pushkin's contemporaries and the most eminent researchers of his work, this is just an adventurous story, the creation of the novel "Dubrovsky" is declared by many to be a delusion, a clear mistake of the great poet. Is it so?
Russian Robin Hood
Pushkin's genius forced him to set more and more new tasks. In verses appeared the language that became the basis great literature, great culture. In prose, in this language - simple, clear, expressive - Belkin's Tales were written, which can hardly be called purely prose texts, because in them the place for each word, for each sound is exactly aligned in a poetic way.
From "The Young Lady-Peasant Woman" to "Dubrovsky"
Although two years after The Young Lady-Peasant Woman, young people in love from neighboring estates again appear in Dubrovsky, they even communicate similarly - leaving the right message in the hollow of a tree, the story of the creation of the novel Dubrovsky shows us a new Pushkin. The matured author looks at the world in a completely different way.
Starting from the summer of 1831, it became more and more important for Pushkin to create a different character, where the main content becomes a fascinatingly told story. The creation of the novel "Dubrovsky" could begin with the desire to create a Russian replica of adventure novels, so popular in Western European literature. But to consider Pushkin's text only an echo of the novels of Walter Scott or a discussion on the "robber" theme proposed by Schiller is unacceptably banal for the level of Alexander Sergeevich. Perhaps the first stimulating thoughts could have had a similar form, but then they became much more significant.
Dubrovsky - Ostrovsky?
It was Ostrovsky who initially planned to name the main character Pushkin. Such an impression was made on him by the story told by a good Moscow friend P. V. Nashchokin. The creation of the novel "Dubrovsky" was largely determined by Pushkin's acquaintance through Nashchokin with the circumstances of the case of the Belarusian landowner Pavel Ostrovsky.
Papers for the ownership of a small village of twenty souls, which was located in the Minsk province, burned down during the Napoleonic invasion. This was taken advantage of by a wealthy neighbor who sued the village from the impoverished landowner. For a while, he was forced to hire himself as a home teacher, but soon attacks began on bailiffs and other officials in those places. Arrested Ostrovsky, according to some reports, managed to escape by sawing through the chains on the shackles, and his trace was lost. Before us is an almost exact plot of Pushkin's novel.
The Case of Lieutenant Muratov
In the second chapter of "Dubrovsky" Pushkin places a document that sums up Troekurov's litigation with former friend. This verdict seems to be an author's work, so impressive are its clericalisms and ponderous turns. But it turns out that this is a copy of a document from a court case on the alienation of Lieutenant Martynov's estate in favor of a neighbor, Colonel Kryukov. Pushkin put a copy of the document into the drafts of the novel, only making pencil corrections - he changed real surnames on those with which he endowed the heroes of "Dubrovsky".
The drafts indicate the place - Kozlovsky district of the Tambov province, where this story took place. The creation of the novel "Dubrovsky" is largely based on similar processes that took place in the vastness of the empire. final version the name of the protagonist became a settled matter for Pushkin when he became acquainted with similar court cases where the famous Pushkin estate Boldino was located. Among real people he met a landowner with such an expressive surname. It was this surname that became the name unfinished novel when it was decided to publish it in a posthumous collected works.
People's riot
Of course, it is difficult to imagine Pushkin's work as a blind compilation based on real life cases. The history of the creation of the novel "Dubrovsky" cannot look like this. Pushkin was also interested in more significant phenomena public life. How could he pass over in silence the armed uprisings of 1830 in Paris and Lille, the Polish national liberation movement directed against Nicholas I, and even in his contemporary Russian Empire cholera riots broke out here and there.
Pushkin's work on the history of the Pugachev war left its mark. What is the history of the creation of the novel "Dubrovsky" - a story about noble robber, who fought with government troops - could do without references to the not forgotten among the people. In the Kistenevskaya grove, men gather, very similar to those whom Pushkin sent to Pugachev's army in " Captain's daughter". Also, we do not see the author's full approval of the element of rebellion - in the unfinished Dubrovsky, a young robber disbands his gang, which seems quite logical.
Outcome
Even quite Short story creation of the novel "Dubrovsky" makes untenable the pejorative opinion of the most respected writers about this work of Pushkin. To define it as a failed attempt to make money by writing light-weight fiction, one must be very arrogant about a great name. Alexander Sergeevich, who is trying to reach the level of Zagoskin, Lazhechnikov or Bulgarin (this is how he is presented in Dubrovsky by some critics), is too pathetic a sight to be true.
Work on the novel "Dubrovsky" was started by A.S. Pushkin October 21, 1832. The plot was based on an episode reported to Pushkin by his friend P.V. Nashchokin, who told about one "Belarusian poor nobleman, by the name of Ostrovsky." That's what the novel was originally called. This nobleman had a process with a neighbor for land, was ousted from the estate and, left with some peasants, began to rob first clerks, then others. Nashchokin saw this Ostrovsky in jail.
Pushkin at that time was considering the plot of a historical novel about a daring nobleman who entered the service of Pugachev, and he found in Nashchokin's story a plot about a hero of the same type, prompted by life itself.
N.G. Chernyshevsky wrote about this novel: “It is difficult to find a more accurate and lively picture in Russian literature, like a description of the life and habits of a great master of the old times at the beginning of the story“ Dubrovsky ””.
This lesson is about the novel "Dubrovsky".
Today, the novel by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin "Dubrovsky" is in the center of our attention.
It has already been said that for freedom-loving poems, Pushkin was sent into exile, first to Chisinau, then to Odessa, and then to the village of Mikhailovskoye in the Pskov province. In 1826, Alexander Sergeevich was summoned by Nicholas II to Moscow. The field of conversation with the poet, the king said that he was talking with smartest person Russia. A.S. Pushkin was allowed to live in Moscow and even work in the archives.
In the early thirties, the poet begins to write prose works. He worked on the novel "Dubrovsky" from October 1832 to February 1833. But the novel was not finished like that, and during the life of the writer it was not published.
The novel was based on a message from a friend of A.S. Pushkin P.V. Nashchokin (Fig. 1) about a poor nobleman named Ostrovsky, who had a process with a neighbor for land. Ostrovsky was ousted from the estate and, left with some peasants, began to rob.
Rice. 1. K.P. Maser. P. V. Nashchokin. 1839 ()
It is also known that before starting work on the novel, A.S. Pushkin visited Pskov, Boldino, where similar cases of landowners Muratov, Dubrovsky, Kryukov were considered. Thus, the novel was based on real life circumstances, which were creatively reworked by A.S. Pushkin.
What is a novel?
A ROMAN is a large narrative work that is distinguished by its diversity actors and plot twist. That is, in the novel there are many events in which a large number of heroes.
PLOT - the sequence and connection of events in a work of art.
In the nineteenth century, the genre became very popular adventurous adventure novel, works appeared where honesty was opposed to meanness, generosity to greed, love to hate.
Many writers used the “dressing up” technique to add entertainment, and also changed the chronology of events. Main character such a work was invariably beautiful, honest, noble, bold, and ended adventurous romance the victory of the protagonist.
A.S. Pushkin made an attempt to write similar work but the depth revealed in his novel life problems did not allow him to finish this work. A.S. Pushkin was unable to fit living characters into the rigid schemes of this genre.
The action of the novel "Dubrovsky" takes place in the twenties of the nineteenth century and develops over a year and a half.
What was the society of those times like?
Autocracy, serfdom. At the head of the state is the king. The main estates are nobles, officials, peasants, serfs and warriors. The nobleman owned the estate, which consisted of land and serfs. The nobility was heterogeneous. Some nobles owned vast lands, estates and big amount peasants, the possessions of others were small. Nobles could marry and marry only people from their class.
Most of the nobles considered serfdom to be normal and disposed of their peasants as property. Most of the people who did not belong to noble family, they did not consider worthy of respect and attention.
The nobles lived on their estate, did housework, traveled to visit each other. The peasants called their master "master", the mistress - "lady", and the children - "barchuks" or "barchats".
The main characters of the novel by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin are Kirila Petrovich Troekurov, his daughter Marya Kirillovna, his neighbor and friend Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky and his son Vladimir.
Let's talk about Troyekurov.
What Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin says about him:
His wealth noble family and connections gave him big weight in the provinces...
That is, Troekurov had power over people and could do as he pleases:
The neighbors were glad to cater to his slightest whims; provincial officials trembled at his name; Kirila Petrovich accepted signs of servility as a proper tribute ...
The rudeness and willfulness of Kirila Petrovich Troekurov can be explained by great wealth and unlimited power over people. It can be said that he treated his guests in the same way as serfs, he believed that he could buy everything, and humiliated the dignity of people.
At about seven o'clock in the evening some of the guests wanted to go, but the host, cheered up by the punch, ordered the gates to be locked and announced that he would not let anyone out of the yard until the next morning. This is how he was at home.
In domestic life, Kirila Petrovich showed all the vices of an uneducated person. Spoiled by everything that only surrounded him, he was used to giving full rein to all the impulses of his ardent disposition and all the undertakings of a rather limited mind. ...
He suffered from gluttony twice a week ... (Fig. 2)
Rice. 2. Postcard-illustration to the story of A.S. Pushkin "Dubrovsky". Artist D.A. Shmarinov ()
Troyekurov's usual occupations consisted of traveling around his vast estates, in lengthy feasts and in pranks, which, moreover, were invented daily.
Troekurov, haughty in dealing with people of the highest rank, respected Dubrovsky, despite his humble state. Once they were comrades in the service, and Troekurov knew from experience the impatience and determination of his character.
Dubrovsky, the only one of the people around him, behaved proudly, was independent and refused the patronage of his former colleague.
Troekurov and Dubrovsky were partly similar in character and inclination, this similarity was manifested in pride, but Troekurov maintained this feeling in himself with a consciousness of his wealth and power, and Dubrovsky with an awareness of the antiquity of his family and noble honor. Both landowners had a hot, quick-tempered character, both loved dog hunting and kept dogs.
Their friendship was broken by an accident at the Troekurov kennel (Fig. 3):
Rice. 3. Postcard-illustration to the story of A.S. Pushkin "Dubrovsky". Artist D.A. Shmarinov ()
An order was given to the kennel and aspirants to be ready by five o'clock in the morning. The tent and kitchen were sent forward to the place where Kirila Petrovich was to dine. The owner and guests went to the kennel, where more than five hundred hounds and greyhounds lived in contentment and warmth, glorifying the generosity of Kiril Petrovich in their dog language. There was also an infirmary for sick dogs, under the supervision of the head doctor Timoshka, and a department where noble females whelped and fed their puppies. Kirila Petrovich was proud of this wonderful establishment and never missed an opportunity to boast of it to his guests, each of whom had visited it at least for the twentieth time. He paced around the kennel, surrounded by his guests and accompanied by Timoshka and the chief kennels; he stopped in front of some kennels, now inquiring about the health of the sick, now making remarks more or less strict and fair, now calling familiar dogs to him and talking affectionately with them. The guests considered it their duty to admire Kiril Petrovich's kennel. Only Dubrovsky was silent and frowning. He was an ardent hunter. His condition allowed him to keep only two hounds and one pack of greyhounds; he could not help feeling some envy at the sight of this splendid establishment. “Why are you frowning, brother,” Kirila Petrovich asked him, “or do you not like my kennel?” “No,” he answered sternly, “the kennel is wonderful, it’s unlikely that your people live the same as your dogs.” One of the psars was offended. “We don’t complain about our life,” he said, “thanks to God and the master, and what’s true is true, it would not be bad for another and a nobleman to exchange the estate for any local kennel. He would have been better fed and warmer.” Kirila Petrovich laughed out loud at the impudent remark of his serf, and the guests after him burst out laughing, although they felt that the kennel's joke could apply to them as well. Dubrovsky turned pale and did not say a word. At this time, newborn puppies were brought to Kiril Petrovich in a basket; he took care of them, chose two for himself, and ordered the others to be drowned (Fig. 4).
Rice. 4. Postcard-illustration to the story of A.S. Pushkin "Dubrovsky". Artist D.A. Shmarinov ()
An incident in the kennel characterizes Dubrovsky as a proud man who does not want to turn into a jester who has a feeling dignity, and therefore Dubrovsky assessed the remark of the kennel as an insult to noble honor by a serf.
The quarrel between Dubrovsky and Troekurov cannot be called an accident, it was natural, because Troekurov treated everyone haughtily. Dubrovsky was deeply offended and could not bear this humiliation.
Troekurov didn’t want to offend Dubrovsky and wanted to return the friendship of his proud neighbor, but when Dubrovsky punished Troekurov’s men who stole the forest from him, well-known robbers, then Troekurov” lost his temper and in the first moment of anger wanted to attack Kistenevka with all his servants, ruin it to the ground and besiege the landowner himself in his estate. Such feats were not unusual for him. .
A thirst for revenge arises in Troekurov, and he chooses the meanest way of revenge - to take away the estate from his former comrade.
That is the strength to take away the property without any right.
And to do it under the guise of legality and by proxy.
To fulfill this vile plan, he chooses an assessor Shabashkin, who, for money, is ready with great zeal to carry out Troekurov's illegal plans, that is, to violate the law, of which he is a representative.
Shabashkin worked for him, acting on his behalf, intimidating and bribing judges and interpreting all sorts of decrees at random.
Dubrovsky was amazed. He did not allow the thought that someone could encroach on his lawful property.
Shabashkin understands that Dubrovsky knows little about business and that it will not be difficult to put a man so hot and imprudent in the most disadvantageous position.
The first chapter ends disappointingly:
On February 9, Dubrovsky received an invitation through the city police to appear before the Zemstvo judge to hear the decision on the disputed estate between him, Lieutenant Dubrovsky, and General Troekurov, and to sign his pleasure or displeasure. On the same day, Dubrovsky went to the city; Troekurov overtook him on the road. They looked proudly at each other, and Dubrovsky noticed an evil smile on his opponent's face.
Former comrades became enemies.
Officials of the district court met Dubrovsky and Troekurov in different ways. On Dubrovsky "No one paid attention, but when Kirill Petrovich arrived, the clerks got up and put their feathers behind his ear, the members met him with an expression of deep subservience, moved him a chair out of respect for his rank, years and corpulence."
The picture of the court evokes a feeling of annoyance and pity for Dubrovsky, indignation against the triumph of Troekurov and protest against the servility and subservience of the judges.
A.S. Pushkin emphasizes the unnaturalness of this trial with such details: the assessor addresses Troekurov with a low bow, and simply brings paper to Dubrovsky. At the same time, Troekurov is sitting in an armchair, and Dubrovsky is standing, leaning against the wall.
The judge counted on Troekurov's gratitude. Troekurov signed under the court decision "perfect his pleasure."
Dubrovsky became motionless, bowing his head.
The unfair criminal decision of the court led Dubrovsky to a sudden insanity.
The judges did not receive the desired reward from Troekurov, since Dubrovsky's sudden madness had a strong effect on his imagination and poisoned his triumph. Troyekurov realized that he had gone too far, his conscience spoke in him. The whole idea of the court turned into a real disaster for Dubrovsky, and his mind was clouded.
Rice. 5. Postcard-illustration to the story of A.S. Pushkin "Dubrovsky". Artist D.A. Shmarinov ()
Troyekurov wanted to punish his recalcitrant neighbor. He did not need Kistenevka, he had enough of his own estates, his own wealth, he wanted to break Dubrovsky's pride and independence, trample on his dignity, but, of course, he did not want to drive his opponent to madness.
Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin wanted to show that unlimited power cripples the soul of its owner, and also leads to the tragedy of many other people.
Bibliography
- Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin performed by the masters of the artistic word/Collection/MP3-CD. - M.: ARDIS-CONSULT, 2009.
- V. Voevodin. The story of Pushkin. - M.: Children's literature, 1955.
- Pushkin A.S. Dubrovsky. - M.: Children's literature. 1983.
- Literature. 6th grade. At 2 p.m. / [V.P. Polukhina, V.Ya. Korovina, V.P. Zhuravlev, V.I. Korovin]; ed. V.Ya. Korovina. - M., 2013.
- Librusek. A lot of books. "Our everything." What to read about Pushkin A.S. [ Electronic resource]. - Access mode: ().
- "Encyclopedia of Russian painting" [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: ().
- Electronic Publications Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House) RAS. Pushkin's Cabinet [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: ().
Homework
Choice task (1 or 2).
- Prepare a concise retelling of one chapter according to your own plan.
- Prepare oral story on one of the topics (A or B).
A. Subject:"Why did Vladimir Dubrovsky become a robber?"
Plan.
- Brief history of the hero's life.
- Changes in the fate of the hero after the death of his father.
- Character traits of the hero: ambition, love for the father (Chapter 3), nobility (Chapter 4, stands up for Shabashkin); courage, courage, resourcefulness, determination, composure.
- Dubrovsky the Robber.
- Love for Masha Troekurova.
- Author's sympathy for the main character.
- My attitude to Vladimir Dubrovsky.
B. Subject:"Vladimir Dubrovsky and Masha Troekurova".
Plan.
- The story of the life of heroes and their families (friendship of fathers, lost their mother early, lonely and impressionable).
- Dubrovsky - Deforge (love for Masha).
- Masha's indifference to Dubrovsky.
- Meeting Masha and Vladimir.
- Courtship of Prince Vereisky.
- Waiting for help from Dubrovsky.
- Masha's wedding.
- Honor and loyalty given word- the main values of the characters.
- My relationship with the characters.
Characteristics of heroes and summary let's analyze it very carefully. We will also provide a short overview critical reviews to the work of the author's contemporaries.
History of creation
The story was based on the story that Pushkin was told by his friend P.V. Nashchokin. Thus, the novel "Dubrovsky" has realistic roots. The analysis of the work, therefore, must begin precisely with this.
So, Nashchokin met a Belarusian nobleman in prison, who had been suing a neighbor for a long time because of the land, was expelled from the estate and then, left with several peasants, began to engage in robbery. The surname of that criminal was Ostrovsky, Pushkin replaced it with Dubrovsky, and moved the action of the work to the 20s of the 19th century.
Initially, Pushkin titled the novel with the date - "October 21, 1832", which marked the beginning of work on the novel. And the well-known name of the work was already given by the editor before publication in 1841.
Even at school, children study the novel "Dubrovsky". Analysis of the work (grade 6 - the time when students get to know it for the first time) is usually done according to the scheme. And if the first item is a description of the history of creation, then a brief summary of the novel should follow.
The landowner Kirill Petrovich Troekurov, a retired general-in-chief, a classic wayward and rich gentleman, all his neighbors cater to his whims, and provincial officials tremble at the sight of him. He is friends with his neighbor and former comrade By military service Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky, a poor and independent nobleman, a former lieutenant.
Troyekurov always had a nasty and cruel character. More than once he mocked his guests. His favorite trick was to lock one of those who came to him in a room with a bear.
Development of action
Somehow, Dubrovsky comes to Troekurov, and the landowners quarrel over the impudence of the guest's servant. Gradually the fight turns into real war. Troekurov decides to take revenge, bribes the judge and, thanks to his impunity, sues Kistenevka, his estate, from Dubrovsky. Having learned the verdict, the landowner goes crazy right in the courtroom. His son, guards cornet Vladimir, is forced to leave the service and come from St. Petersburg to his sick father. Soon the elder Dubrovsky dies.
Court officials arrive to formalize the transfer of property, they get drunk and stay overnight at the estate. At night, Vladimir sets fire to the house with them. Dubrovsky, together with the faithful peasants, becomes a robber. Gradually, he terrifies all the surrounding landowners. Only Troekurov's possessions remain untouched.
A teacher comes to the Troekurov family to enter the service. Dubrovsky intercepts him halfway and bribes him. Now he himself, under the guise of Deforge, goes to the enemy's estate. Gradually, between him and Masha Troekurova, the daughter of a landowner, love arises.
denouement
It is best to view the novel in its entirety. And the analysis of the work "Dubrovsky" by chapters will be quite problematic, since they are an element of one whole and out of context they lose most meaning.
So, Troekurov decides to marry his daughter to Prince Vereisky. The girl is against and does not want to marry the old man. Dubrovsky makes an unsuccessful attempt to prevent their marriage. Masha sends him symbol, he comes to save her, but it turns out to be too late.
When the wedding procession leaves the church for the prince's estate, Dubrovsky's people surround him. Vladimir offers Masha freedom, she can leave her old husband and leave with him. But the girl refuses - she has already taken an oath and cannot break it.
Soon the provincial authorities almost managed to catch Dubrovsky's gang. After that, he dismisses his people, and he goes abroad.
Analysis of Pushkin's work "Dubrovsky": theme and idea
This work is one of the most significant in the work of the writer. In it, Pushkin reflected many problems of his time. For example, the tyranny of the landlords, the arbitrariness of officials and judges, the lack of rights of serfs and robbery as a reaction to all this of recalcitrant and brave people.
The theme of robbery for good purposes is not new in world and Russian literature. The image of a noble and freedom-loving robber did not leave indifferent many writers of the romantic direction. However, this is not the only way to declare Pushkin's interest in this topic. Long years robbery was widespread in Russia. The robbers were former soldiers, impoverished nobles, runaway serfs. However, the people did not blame them for the robberies, but the authorities, which brought them to this. And Pushkin decided in his work to show why honest people you have to take the big road.
The peculiarity of the conflict
We continue to describe the analysis of Pushkin's work "Dubrovsky". Grade 6, namely, where they study the novel, is already familiar with such a concept as “conflict”, so it will definitely need to be considered.
So, in the novel there are only 2 conflicts, which are strikingly different both in nature and in social significance. The first has a bright social coloring and is associated with class inequality. Andrey Dubrovsky and Kirila Troekurov collide in it. And as a result, he leads to a rebellion of Vladimir, who cannot come to terms with arbitrariness. This is the main conflict of the novel.
However, there is a second one, connected with the theme of love and family and domestic relations. It manifests itself in the weary marriage of Masha to the old prince. Pushkin raises the topic of female lawlessness, speaks of the impossibility of lovers to be happy because of the whim of their parents.
Both of these conflicts are united by the figure of Kirila Troekurov, who became the cause of the troubles of both the Dubrovskys and their own daughter.
The image of Vladimir Dubrovsky
The protagonist of the novel is Vladimir Andreevich Dubrovsky. Analysis of the work allows us to give it a very flattering description. He is a poor nobleman, he is 23 years old, he has a majestic appearance and a booming voice. Despite his position, he did not lose his honor and pride. He, like his father, always treated the serfs well and earned their love. That is why they entered into an agreement with him when he planned to burn the estate, and then began to rob.
His mother died when he was only a year old. However, he knew that his parents married for love. This is the future he wanted for himself. Masha Troekurova became the one for him the only love. However, her father intervened. Vladimir made a desperate attempt to save his beloved, but could not. His nobility was also shown in the fact that he meekly left when Masha refused to run away with him. We can say that this hero embodies the concept of noble honor.
The image of Troekurov
To denounce people like Troekurov, the novel "Dubrovsky" was written. An analysis of the work makes us understand the baseness and unscrupulousness of this person. Nothing is sacred to him. He with equal ease squeezes his servants and friends out of the world. Even the death of a comrade and a good friend did not stop his greed. He did not spare his daughter either. For the sake of profit, Troekurov doomed Masha to an unhappy life in marriage and deprived her true love. At the same time, he is confident that he is right and does not even allow the thought that he can be punished.
Novel in critical acclaim
What did the critics think about the novel "Dubrovsky"? An analysis of the work helped us understand that Pushkin wrote a rather topical book. However, Belinsky, for example, called her melodramatic, and Dubrovsky a hero who does not arouse sympathy. On the other hand, the critic highly appreciated the authenticity with which Pushkin portrayed Troekurov and the landlord life of his time.
P. Annenkov noted that the novel has a romantic ending, inconsistent with its content, but the characters described are distinguished by their special psychology and reliability. also emphasized the vitality of the described situation and the realism of the characters.
"Dubrovsky": analysis of the work in brief
If it is necessary to do brief analysis. Then you can write the following. main topic work - robbery in Russia. The idea is to show how people get on this path, and who is to blame. Pushkin tried to denounce the authorities and show the social injustice reigning around. There are two conflicts in the work - social and love. The first is connected with the unlimited power of those who have it, and the second with the complete parental power over their children. The main culprit is Troekurov, who embodies the classic type of Russian gentleman.
The history of the creation of the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Dubrovsky"
Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin
A.S. Pushkin. "Dubrovsky". historical era in the novel. History of creation. Prototypes.
Materials for literature lessons in the 6th grade
Theory of Literature:
Novel(fr. Roman - narration) - large epic work with a branched, unfolded plot, in which events take place over a significant period of time and in a wide artistic space.
Plot(French Sujet - subject, content) - the sequence and connection of events in a work of art.
The action of the novel takes place in the 1820s, i.e. in the years of Pushkin's youth. The author writes about what he knows well what worries him.
History of the novel
The novel was not completed by the author. A.S. Pushkin worked on it from October 21, 1832 to February 6, 1833. He did not publish the unfinished novel. After the death of the writer, the publishers released the novel, giving the name by the name of the protagonist - "Dubrovsky".
Post by P.V. Nashchokin
The novel was based on Nashchokin's message to Pushkin “about a poor nobleman named Ostrovsky ... who had a process with a neighbor for land. He was ousted from the estate and, left with some peasants, began to rob first the clerks, and then others. Nashchokin saw Ostrovsky in prison, and he may have told his own story. Pushkin became extremely interested in Nashchokin's story and almost immediately began to draw up plans, and soon to write a novel. Initially, the hero appears under the name Ostrovsky, then changed to Andrei Zubrovsky, and finally named Dubrovsky.
Other sources...
It is known that before starting work on the novel, Pushkin visited Boldin and Pskov, where similar cases of the Nizhny Novgorod landowners Dubrovsky, Kryukov, and Muratov were considered. Pushkin heard the Pskov legends about the rebellion of the peasants of the landowner Dubrovsky, who offered armed resistance to the sent military team and declared that, by order of Dubrovsky, they would beat the landowners. Thus, the novel was based on true facts, life circumstances.
