Where to find a fairy tale about musical instruments. A Tale of Music
She accompanies him all his life, starting with his mother’s lullabies. Music arose a long time ago - who does not know Orpheus, who descended into underground kingdom for his beloved and so captivated Hades and Persephone with his singing and playing the lyre that they released Eurydice to earth? A story from myths Ancient Greece, which is already several thousand years old, only says that music, like musicians, has existed since time immemorial, as well as epics and fairy tales about music.
Keepers of History
In ancient times, musicians, at least truly talented ones, were the same legendary personalities as epic heroes. Stories about them were passed on from mouth to mouth, forming tales and legends. And thanks to the song creators themselves, such as the well-known Boyan, who is narrated in “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign,” the names of heroes from those ancient times have come down to us. After all, musicians often accompanied heroes on their campaigns in order to delight their ears in moments of calm, raise their morale before attacks, and then capture their exploits in their songs.
Russian epics about musicians
Tales about music and musicians arose, as has been said, a very long time ago. The above-mentioned Orpheus, as well as the golden-haired lyre player Apollo, as well as the god Pan, who played the pipe, are heroes of the myths of Ancient Greece, which existed three thousand years BC. Our folklore tells about later times - the end of the 11th century - beginning of XII centuries. Russian epics and fairy tales about music tell, for example, about Sadko, the legendary Novgorod merchant, traveler and guslar.
Legendary Sadko
Based on these epics, the Soviet folklorist writer A. N. Nechaev wrote wonderful story, the meaning of which, like the epic itself, is to state the fact that the remarkable art of the singer and guslar Sadko turned out to be stronger than power and wealth as a result. According to the plot of this tale, the poor guslar fell in love with Vodyanoy, the owner of Lake Ilmen, for his singing and playing, and he made Sadko rich and noble. There are other stories about this character, but in all of them, because of the playing of the guslar, he begins to dance so violently that a storm arises on the sea-ocean, and ships begin to sink. Magic power music works all sorts of miracles.
The first songbooks of Rus'
Thanks to epics, we know the names of the instruments used by ancient musicians and buffoons. These include domra, spoons and pipes, balalaika, bells and zhaleika, gusli, rattle and bagpipes, as well as button accordion, box and Bylinas tell about the first Russian musicians, the most famous of whom were Boyan, Sadko and buffoons. Time of origin and existence of these works folk art- XI-XII centuries, the Middle Ages. Boyan glorifies Yaroslav the Wise; Sadko lived during the heyday of Veliky Novgorod and the decline in the role of Kyiv, that is, almost in the same period. The most ancient Russian musicians and buffoon songwriters, bearers of synthetic art, from which not only music arose, but theater and circus, are mentioned in The Tale of Bygone Years. It also talks about the hatred of the church towards them, under whose pressure and insistence they ceased to exist in the 17th century.
The Brothers Grimm about music and musicians
In world literature, tales about music and musicians occupy a special place. The most famous in our country foreign work is a fairy tale Bremen Town Musicians» brothers Wilhelm and Jacob Grimm. This is not even fame, but popular love. It arose thanks to the eponymous animated film and its sequel, released on screens across the country in 1969 and 1973, respectively.
IN German fairy tale it tells about the same, in essence, buffoons, moving from city to city and amusing the audience not only with singing, but also circus acts, dancing, theatrical sketches. These famous German storytellers penned several more sketches about music and musicians: “The Eccentric Musician” (a fairy tale also known as “ An Extraordinary Musician"or "Wonderful Musician") and "The Singing Bone" - a sad story about the gullibility and insecurity of good, about black envy and betrayal, but also about inevitable retribution.
Musical tales of H. H. Andersen
The fairy tale about music “The Nightingale” by the most revered author in this genre, Hans Christian Andersen, is world famous. This one is long and philosophical tale talks about imaginary and true values. Main characters - chinese emperor and the nightingale, who was expelled from the palace as soon as a parcel with a golden artificial bird arrived from Japan, but returned and with his singing drove away Death, who came for the emperor. The meaning of the work is that live music, in which there is a soul, no one, even the most skillful mechanics, can replace. There is also a fairy tale about music, “The Bell,” which tells about the search for an unknown bell, the sounds of which “grab straight to the heart.”
Magic pipe
Every nation has its own fairy tales and stories about music. Examples include Belarusian fairy tale“The Musician-Sorcerer”, or the Karelian “Matti the Merry Man”, or the Kazakh fairy tale “Master Ali”, which tells about the emergence of the national. Famous and often reproduced stories include the medieval church legend about a simple “dudar” who saves the city from hordes of rats . This plot is also mentioned in the beloved fairy tale Selma Lagerlof « Wonderful trip Nils...”, and in the wonderful poem by Robert Browning “The Flutist from Gammeln”, known in the translation by S. Ya. Marshak.
Russian fairy tales about music
And you just can’t count the fairy tales, stories, poems and poems, dedicated to music and created by Russian authors. From classical works, in addition to “Sadko”, can be called “Gusli-samoguda” or “Shepherd’s pipe”. A wonderful fairy tale about the music “Gusli-samoguda”, arranged by A. N. Afanasyev, tells about Ivan, who became a king thanks to the magic harp. Another Ivanushka from “The Magic Piper” punished the greedy owners who did not want to pay him money for a job well done, which a miraculous musical instrument helped him do.
Russian classics about music
Stories about music, musicians and their instruments were written by many famous Russian writers - Leo Tolstoy (“The Heart of a Musician”), A. P. Chekhov (“Double Bass and Flute”), K. G. Paustovsky (“The Old Cook” (about Mozart) , “Musical Canary”, “Basket with Fir Cones” (about Grieg)), V. V. Bianchi (“Who sings with what?”). The story “The Blind Musician” by V. G. Korolenko, published in 1886, tells about the limitless power of music, which can make a boy blind from birth a happy and full-fledged member of society. There are several wonderful stories about music by the Russian writer Evgeny Permyak: “For all the colors of the rainbow”, “The Shepherd and the Violin”, “A Thin String” and “The Happy Trumpet”.
Modern tales about music
The fairy tale on the theme of music has not died, but continues to live in our time, because it is best to introduce children to the world of music in a more familiar and accessible form. An example would be the remarkable modern work of this genre O musical instruments“No matter how it is.” Or a tale of wonderful music children's writer V. A. Levshina “Little Sorceress”. It’s definitely worth introducing your children to the works of these writers. And modern children's writer Tatyana Domarenok writes wonderful tales about music for kids. Here are some of them: “Holy Music”, “Musical Key”, “ Divine Violin"and many others. Wonderful piece, dedicated to the topic we are considering, wrote Soviet writer Semyon Garin (“Singing Friends”). It is impossible to ignore and wonderful tales about the music written by V. Sukhomlinsky. These are “Music of Spring Meadows”, and “Child of the Sun”, and “Forest Twilight”, and “Grasshopper-Musician”, and others.
Little-known fairy tales of the peoples of the world
Now there are many on the Internet interesting collections modern fairy tales about music, notes, instruments and everything, everything, everything that relates to the world of music. Some little-known folk tales of the peoples of the world about music are also listed there. For example, "The Magic Harp". This Burmese folk tale tells the story of the unfortunate orphan Maung Sita and how he healed the queen with his music. Algerian folk tale“The Wonderful Lute” also talks about the saving power of music. The Altai fairy tale “Little Rystu” tells the story of a boy who transforms the sounds of nature into beautiful music. He was happy free and almost died at the khan's. The same sounds of nature saved him from death.
Fairytale box
The most comprehensive information on this topic and, probably, all the fairy tales and poems about music existing in the world are collected in the wonderful book “ Magic world music." It lists all the authors - both domestic and foreign - who have ever written something about this type of art. Among the most beautiful fairy tales I would like to especially highlight the following: “Chongurist” (Georgia), “McCrimmons’ Silver Pipe” (Scotland), “Bird Embroiderer” (Greece), “Queen of the Mountains” and “Sokolovskaya Guitar” (gypsy legends). Although, of course, all the fairy tales, legends, songs and legends of the peoples of the world about music deserve attention.
To use presentation previews, create an account for yourself ( account) Google and log in: https://accounts.google.com
Slide captions:
“A fairy tale about how smart and useful things became musical instruments” That was a long time ago. We lived and lived in a small village, a wooden hut, with smart and useful things.
Smart and useful things: Wooden spoon Rubel Ratchet Horn
One day, in a village, buffoons appeared. Buffoons are wandering artists, singers, and musicians. Folk music performers.
In the hands of the buffoons, musical instruments sang, played and rang: Gusli Balalaika
“Life is fun,” answered the balalaika, a cheerful chatterbox. “We go everywhere, entertaining people with our sonorous songs.”
Here the harp entered the conversation. “They love us in Rus' for our songs and cheerful dances. Everywhere they meet and greet you.
This is how smart and useful things became musical instruments. Since then, they have all been traveling together around the world.
Orchestra - large group musicians playing musical instruments.
Friendly musical family– orchestra of Russian folk instruments. This orchestra contains all the musical instruments of the Russian people.
Orchestra of Russian Folk Instruments
CONDUCTOR Who is impolite: Turned his back to us, Started waving his arms Right in the hall in front of us. Is he not accustomed to order? Or is he doing exercises? Who does the orchestra and choir sound with? We know this...
Preview:
RUSSIAN FOLK MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
Lesson objectives:
Educational:
- introducing students to the world of folk musical instruments
- training in the skills of timbre differences between musical instruments
- familiarization and memorization of techniques for playing folk instruments
Educational:
- show the originality of Russian folk instruments and their place in the life of a Russian person
- through folk oral creativity(fairy tale) to develop interest in Russian musical culture
- cultivate love and respect for the traditions and history of your country
- continue to develop performing and listening culture
Corrective and developmental:
- contribute to the formation creative thinking schoolchildren, the development of attention and memory through figurative, moral and aesthetic comprehension of Russian folklore
- develop students' timbre and rhythmic hearing
- promote awareness of the importance of collective music performance, without diminishing the importance of the personal contribution of each performer
Lesson type: combined lesson
Methodological support:presentation for the lesson; phonograms of the sound of individual Russian folk instruments; fragments of works for ORNI; posters depicting instruments of the Russian folk orchestra
Technical support:multimedia projector,projection screen, computer, piano, wooden spoons, tambourines, rattles
Lesson structure:
II. Updating knowledge.
III.
VI. Bottom line.
PROGRESS OF THE LESSON
I. Organizing students for class. Vocal and choral work.
Greetings.
Work on Y. Dubravin’s song “Good Day”:
Repeating text
Repetition and intonation of the melody
Creating a Positive Atmosphere
Song performance
II. Updating knowledge.
Guys, do you like fairy tales?
Why do you love them? What usually happens in fairy tales? ---……..
Today's lesson we will spend together with a fairy tale. Since ancient times, people have loved to tell each other fairy tales. Every nation in the world has their favorites fairy-tale heroes, these are kind and evil wizards, beautiful princesses and brave princes. They love fairy tales because all kinds of miracles happen in them. Only in a fairy tale can a simple boy become Tsarevich Ivan, and Vasilisa the Beautiful can turn into a frog. I think that you, dear guys, love and know Russian folk tales and their heroes well. Please name the Russian folk tales you know.
Slide 1
But the fairy tale that I want to tell you today, you will not find in any book of fairy tales. Because I came up with it for you myself. And it's called like this:“A fairy tale about how smart and useful things became musical instruments.”This fairy tale will help us in studying the topic of our lesson: “Russian folk musical instruments.”
In our lesson, you will not only hear a fairy tale, but also get acquainted with the names of folk musical instruments, hear their voices, and also learn how they are played.
III. The main stage of the lesson. Explanation of new material.
Slide 2
It was a long time ago. They lived and lived in a small village, in a wooden hut, with smart and useful things: wooden spoons, a ruble, a rattle and a horn.
Slide 3
They lived in a large friendly family. From early morning until late evening, smart and useful things worked tirelessly together with their owners.
Wooden spoonsWe cooked cabbage soup and porridge in the kitchen, and then fed the whole family a delicious lunch.
Rubel - helped the mistress of the house wash and iron clothes so that everyone in the family was clean and tidy.
Horn - together with the owner of the house, early in the morning he drove a herd of cows and sheep into the meadow, and in the evening, with his loud voice, he called the whole herd home.
Ratchet – protected gardens and vegetable gardens from uninvited birds so that they would not spoil the harvest of fruits and berries. So they all lived together, for the time being.
Slide 4
One day, buffoons appeared in that village. This is how wandering artists, singers and musicians were called in ancient times in Rus'. The buffoons walked down the street singing a cheerful song.
The whole village gathered to watch the cheerful performance of the buffoons.
Sounds r.n.p. “And they walked, they came out cheerful...”(Skomoroshina)
Slide 5
In the hands of the buffoons, musical instruments sang, rang, strummed and played. Were among them gusli (phonogram) and balalaika (phonogram).
A short story about the techniques of playing these musical instruments...
Smart and useful things remained at home, but even to them the sounds of lively music and cheerful songs of buffoons who amused the people could be heard.
Soon evening came, and the buffoons asked to spend the night with the owners of the very hut in which smart and useful things lived. After dinner, when the guests and hosts fell asleep, things decided to talk to musical instruments. “How do you live with your buffoon masters?” - the wooden spoons asked the musical instruments.
Slide 6
“Life is fun,” answered the balalaika, a cheerful chatterbox. “We go everywhere, entertaining people with our sonorous songs.”
Slide 7
Here the harp entered the conversation: “They love us in Rus' for our songs and cheerful dances. Everywhere they meet and greet you. We bring joy to people with our music.”
"Oh!" - exclaimed the horn - “How we would also like to bring joy to all people.”
“So let's travel around the world with us. Together we have even more fun yes better music it will begin to sound,” suggested the gusli and balalaika.
Slide 8
So they decided to turn smart and useful things into musical instruments, so as not only to bring benefits to people, but also to give them joy.
Since then, they have been traveling together for a long time. friendly family. And their family began to be called -orchestra of Russian folk musical instruments.
Slide 9
For a long time now, neither that village, nor the wooden hut, nor the buffoons have been in the world, but the music performed by Russian folk instruments continues to sound and bring joy to everyone who hears it.
Slide 10
Phonogram “The moon is shining”
And our fairy tale continues. It took a while before they learned the musical intricacies of the ruble, spoons, rattle and horn in the orchestra. They learned that all the instruments in the orchestra have their own melody. If a musician plays his melody accurately and rhythmically, then he will not interfere with the other musicians. Coming together, all the melodies will create beauty and harmony in the music.
Slide 11
Musical minute “Imagine yourself as an instrument of a folk orchestra”
We remember the names of instruments, their location in the orchestra; getting acquainted with orchestra groups and techniques of playing instruments; We imitate playing a certain instrument with our movements.
Slide 12
Mystery:
Who is impolite?
Turned his back on us
Started waving his arms
Right in the hall in front of us.
He is not accustomed to order
Or doing exercises?
Who does the orchestra and choir sound with?
We know this is... CONDUCTOR
What does the conductor do? ---...
IV. Reflection. Generalization of acquired knowledge.
Today you got acquainted with Russian folk musical instruments. We learned the history of their appearance and significance in human life, heard their voices, and became acquainted with the techniques of playing them.
And now I invite you to remember the names of the musical instruments that we talked about in class.
Slide 13
Riddles will help us do this:
It has three strings They should be pinched by hand. You can dance to it And squat in Russian! | I'm all round. You'll hit me- I'll sound the bells If you put me down, I will remain silent. |
We gathered a round dance, All the people were invited. And in the circle is our shepherd boy It blows merrily in ……………. | There are notches on the board. Run your hand over them Wooden, naughty! |
And Sadko played them And he hummed soulfully. He went through a lot of strings - Neptune emerged from the wave. | Has a connection with magpies Its name. A person can own it Having at least a small calling! |
And they slurp cabbage soup, And they play “lady”. |
V. Playing percussion and noise instruments.
And at the end of the lesson we will try to become an orchestra of folk instruments. Let's take the instruments in our hands (spoons, whistles, rattles, etc.) and play the song.
Dramatization of the comic song “If only there were a musician”
VI. Bottom line.
Our fabulous lesson has come to an end. The fairy tale was with us throughout the lesson today. She told us about the orchestra of Russian folk musical instruments, taught us to understand them special sound. With the help of a fairy tale, you learned to listen and understand music, to be more attentive and kinder towards each other, and it seems to me that we should say “thank you” to the fairy tale today for teaching us a lot.
Slide 14
Our lesson is over. Until next time.
The mouse got out of the case and said:
- There's some kind of animal hiding there. Its body is rounded, with notches on the sides. The neck is long and narrow, and the head is curved, with two ears on each side.
So many ears? This animal probably has better hearing than a mouse,” said the mouse dad.
I forgot to say that the beast has iron veins stretched around its neck. And next to him lies a stick with hairs,” added the mouse.
Oh, will he really fight with his wand?! - exclaimed the mother mouse.
Let him try, I’ll... - Dad squeaked the mouse, but he was interrupted by the old clock.
Stupid mice. This is a violin, a musical instrument.
Then suddenly there was a click, the case opened, and everyone saw the violin.
She looked around and quietly rang:
- Hello, how long have I been sleeping? I hope you love music?
What is music? – asked the curious mouse.
How, you don’t know what music is? – the violin moaned.
“No, I don’t know, we don’t have music in the attic,” answered the mouse.
Music is when I sing and my strings ring. In general, you should listen to music, and not talk about it,” the violin explained excitedly.
Dear violin, play something for us. Let the mice hear real music at least once in their lives, the watch asked.
“Okay,” the violin rang and tensed, but nothing happened other than a quiet ringing. She tensed again, and again the faint ringing of strings was heard.
There’s nothing special about this music,” said the mother mouse, and everyone agreed with her.
They stopped paying attention to the violin, and it lay unhappy and silent. After a while the bow rustled quietly:
– Strings, why have you forgotten how to sing? Maybe you got sick or lost your music?
“We didn’t get sick,” the first string rang resentfully.
And they haven’t forgotten how to sing,” the second string responded.
By the way, the string was the first musical instrument. When the hunter released the drawn bowstring, it rang. This is how man first understood that music lives in a string,” the third string explained in detail.
It’s you, the bow, who got sick, weakened and lost the music,” the fourth string remarked caustically.
Not at all. I may be small and fragile, but inside I have enormous strength music. The horsehair stretched over me even vibrates with impatience and desire to extract wonderful sounds music,” the bow wheezed offendedly.
You are arguing in vain. “I think you are missing the most important thing - a person,” the clock creaked. – Only a person can revive you and make you sound.
However, only a person can turn me on,” the clock sighed.
Expensive watches“Let’s call the man,” the violin asked.
It’s useless, no one has come here for a long time,” the clock answered.
“I can’t live without music, let’s try,” the violin begged and began to ring quietly. The clock tried to swing the pendulum, its gears turned, and a single “bang” was heard. The closet door creaked and the mice squealed.
-Where are you taking me, granddaughter? At my age it’s hard to climb into attics.
Grandma, someone lives there. “I heard the noise, but I’m afraid to go alone,” answered the girl’s voice.
The door in the floor creaked, and the grandmother and granddaughter climbed into the dusty attic.
Oh, grandma, look, there’s a violin! Can she really play? What a small bow,” the girl chirped.
“This is my first children’s violin,” the old woman answered with a smile.
She took the violin in her hands, gently wiped it and tightened the pegs. Placing the violin on her shoulder, the old woman pressed her chin to it and waved her hand with the bow. Gentle crystal sounds scattered throughout the attic.
Grandma, this is real music,” the girl whispered admiringly.
Yes, this is real music, the clock responded.
“So that’s what music is,” the mice squeaked under the old sofa.
Since then, the strings and bow have been working together again. They teach a little girl to play the violin. Sometimes grandma picks up the violin, and the whole house is filled with heart-aching emotions. gentle sounds music.
Then the mice come down from the attic to listen to the violin singing. And the clock, which has now moved into the room, ticks edifyingly:
- Tick-tock, do you hear, tick-tock, this is music! It lives not only in the strings, bow or violin. Real music lives in a person.
Meet the guys. An instrument called Piano. This instrument has a very interesting story. Let's listen to what the piano has to say.
It all started with a bang. You could say it was the happiest blow of fate.
What kind of blow are you talking about, dear Piano?
Look!
The piano opened, flapping a huge black wing.
Amazing picture appeared before me! Wooden hammers are playing some kind of game with metal strings. There are a lot of them - both hammers and strings. With instant blows, like a prick, the hammers touch the strings and just as suddenly, as if in fright, they bounce back.
It seems as if they want to take the strings by surprise, appearing in the most unexpected places - sometimes alone, sometimes in groups. And the strings rumble from the frantic attacks of hammers, and cry, as if touched to the quick, and sing tenderly under gentle touches.
And they laugh, and rejoice, and are indignant, and sad, and sigh. . .
Why is all this beautiful exciting game called Piano?
“My name,” explained the instrument, “from two Italian words: forte and piano. In Russian I should be called Gromkotiho.
An offensively simple name for such a wonderful instrument! Yes, you deserve the most sonorous name in the world!
Well, they also call me Royal, which means royal.
Your Majesty! Let me ask you about your royal pedigree!
If you please. Three kinds of musical instruments crossed on me: the kind of Strings, the kind of Keyboards and the kind of Percussion. My direct predecessor, one might say, is my own father - the noble Harpsichord.
He reigned in musical world in the 17th-18th centuries. From the Harpsichord I inherited my appearance and my heart - the keyboard mechanism. True, the harpsichord's heart beat differently than mine: more dispassionately and restrainedly - from plucking the strings with feathers.
“A fairy tale about how smart and useful things became musical instruments.”
It was a long time ago. We lived and lived in a small village, in a wooden hut, with smart and useful things: wooden spoons, a ruble, a rattle. They lived in a large friendly family. From early morning until late evening, smart and useful things worked tirelessly together with their owners.
Wooden spoons We cooked cabbage soup and porridge in the kitchen, and then fed the whole family a delicious lunch.
Rubel- helped the mistress of the house wash and iron clothes so that everyone in the family was clean and tidy.
Horn- together with the owner of the house, early in the morning he drove a herd of cows and sheep into the meadow, and in the evening, with his loud voice, he called the whole herd home.
Ratchet– protected gardens and vegetable gardens from uninvited birds so that they would not spoil the harvest of fruits and berries. So they all lived together, for the time being.
One day, buffoons appeared in that village. This is how wandering artists, singers and musicians were called in ancient times in Rus'. The buffoons walked down the street singing a cheerful song. The whole village gathered to watch the cheerful performance of the buffoons. In the hands of the buffoons, musical instruments sang, rang, strummed and played. Were among them harp And balalaika. Smart and useful things remained at home, but even to them the sounds of lively music and cheerful songs of buffoons who amused the people could be heard. Soon evening came, and the buffoons asked to spend the night with the owners of the very hut in which smart and useful things lived. After dinner, when the guests and hosts fell asleep, things decided to talk to musical instruments.
“How do you live with your buffoon masters?” - the wooden spoons asked the musical instruments. “Life is fun,” answered the balalaika, a cheerful chatterbox. “We go everywhere, entertaining people with our sonorous songs.”
Here the harp entered the conversation: “They love us in Rus' for our songs and cheerful dances. Everywhere they meet and greet you. We bring joy to people with our music.”
"Oh!" - exclaimed the horn - “How we would also like to bring joy to all people.”
“So let's travel around the world with us. Together we will have even more fun and the music will sound better,” suggested the gusli and balalaika.
So they decided to turn smart and useful things into musical instruments, so as not only to bring benefits to people, but also to give them joy.
Since then, they have been traveling together as a big happy family. And their family began to be called - orchestra of Russian folk musical instruments. For a long time now, neither that village, nor the wooden hut, nor the buffoons have been in the world, but the music performed by Russian folk instruments continues to sound and bring joy to everyone who hears it.
Topic: " Symphonic tale S. Prokofiev Peter and the Wolf"
From a swamp overgrown with duckweed,
From the fields, from the forest hollow,
melodious, good fairy tale
I went down the musical paths.
To the plank house under the fir tree,
The path will lead you
They will tell about Peta and the Wolf,
Flute, horn, clarinet, and bassoon.
Hidden in sheet music pages
Glades, meadows and forests.
For every beast and bird
The flute will whistle like a bird,
The bassoon quacks like a duck,
And the evil, despicable wolf,
Horns will replace
However, why rush?
This fairy tale is yours, take it,
Magic doors - pages,
Open it quickly.
In 1936, S. Prokofiev composed a fairy tale, which is designed to help children get acquainted with the timbres symphony orchestra.
Symphonic tales have already been found in Russian classical music. But Prokofiev's tale was radically different. Firstly, the composer did not turn to folklore sources, but composed the plot of the fairy tale himself. And her main character- quite modern boy Petya.
Secondly, this is not easy music for a symphony orchestra. This is music with lyrics. Music and recitation here act alternately: first the artist reads the text, and then the music sounds. Prokofiev's tale is a kind of fascinating guide to the symphony orchestra.
Each character This tale is depicted in the orchestra by its instrument: the Bird - with a flute, the duck - with an oboe, the cat - with a staccato clarinet in a low register, the grandfather - with a bassoon, the Wolf - with three horns, Petya - with a string quartet, the shots of the hunters - with timpani and a large drum.
S. Prokofiev's music picturesquely depicts the carefree chirping of a bird, the clumsy movements of a duck waddling from side to side and its quack, the insinuating gait and cutesy movements of a cat, the gloomy image of a hungry Wolf.
The first performance of this tale took place at a festive afternoon concert for children, organized by the Moscow Philharmonic on May 2, 1936, with the orchestra conducted by the author. The symphonic fairy tale "Peter and the Wolf" has become incredibly popular all over the world.
Topic: " Fairy tales in music"
At Lukomorye green oak,
Golden chain on oak tom,
Day and night the cat is a scientist
Everything goes around and around in a chain.
He goes to the left, the song starts,
To the right, he’s telling a fairy tale...
What do you think we will talk about today? What are your favorite fairy tales and fairy-tale characters?
Have you ever wondered why we love fairy tales? What captivates us about them? Of course, first of all, the plot is of interest. Reality is intertwined with fable, the real with the magical, and is so masterfully mixed that the listener ceases to feel the real and is transported into the world that appears before him. A wise fairy tale will tell you how to live and how not to live, laugh at evil and will certainly show goodness in all its bright grandeur. A folk tale helps to live and even teaches how to live. Much depends on who is telling the story. Some storytellers have a smooth and drawling manner of speaking, others have a kind and cheerful style, but all folk storytellers are distinguished by their musicality. The musicality of the Russian fairy tale and the poetry of its images attract many Russian writers, poets, musicians and even painters. Unique paintings Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov wrote on the plots of Russian folk tales: “Alyonushka ‘Bogatyri’”, “Ivan the Tsarevich on a gray wolf”.
And Mikhail Aleksandrovich Vrubel wrote many of his paintings under the direct influence of the music of Rimsky-Korsakov’s fairy tales. Of course, the musicality of Russian fairy tales especially attracted composers to them.
Not a single Russian composer has passed by these fertile subjects in his work. Who can be found in the works of Russian composers? Of course - Babu Yaga, Koshchei the Immortal, Chernomor, the Nutcracker, the mermaid, the goblin, the sorcerer, gray wolf etc.
Let us turn specifically to some image, for example, Baba Yaga. What do you know about it fairy-tale creature? This is a negative, evil image. She is cruel, heartless, ugly. When she flies over high mountains and forests, its flight is accompanied by strange noise, howling and whistling. She rushes through the air like a whirlwind, striking fear and terror into people and animals.
Her image was captured by P.I. Tchaikovsky in a piano piece called “Baba Yaga”. This play depicts a grumpy Baba Yaga, she angrily waves her stick, screams and threatens with a bony finger, and looks with an angry “prickly” look.
It’s interesting to compare with P.I. Tchaikovsky’s play musical image Baba-Yaga, created by M.P. Mussorgsky. The play in which Mussorgsky portrays Baba Yaga is called "The Hut on Chicken Legs", this play is part of the cycle piano pieces having the general title "Pictures at an Exhibition". This cycle was written under the impression of visiting the exhibition of the artist and friend M. Hartmann. Hartmann's painting depicts an ancient clock made in the form of a fairy-tale Russian hut on chicken legs. The play is written in three parts. In the extreme parts it is depicted as Baba Yaga angrily knocking with his stick, then sits in the mortar and flies with noise and whistle over the forest. The middle part depicts a mysterious, fairy-tale forest, the hut of Baba Yaga, which is located in a remote, impenetrable thicket. The sun barely penetrates through the thick, weakly swaying foliage, its rays dimly illuminate the gloomy forest wilds. And from the hut a low voice comes muffled, rough voice Baba-Yaga.
Indeed, many Russian composers turned to fairy tales in their work. Famous composer N.A. Rimsky-Korsakov, A.S. Pushkin’s fairy tale inspired the creation of the opera “The Tale of Tsar Saltan...”
There are three miracles in the fairy tale by A.S. Pushkin and in the opera by N.A. Rimsky-Korsakov that surprise the heroes of the fairy tale themselves. Let's remember them? (The miracle of the Squirrel, gnawing golden nuts and taking out emerald kernels from them, the miracle of thirty-three heroes emerging from the sea to protect the capital of King Guidon. And - the most important thing - the miracle of the unprecedented beauty of the Swan Princess). Each miracle has its own theme song - bright picture, only written not with paints, but musical sounds and with the help of musical instruments.
Now, show your creative imagination. Imagine that you are composers! You need to depict the flight of a bumblebee, what musical instruments and means musical expressiveness would you use? Well done! Real composers!
Now listen to how the wonderful Russian composer and storyteller N.A. Rimsky-Korsakov depicted the “flight of the bumblebee” in his musical work.
Topic: “Animals, birds and fish in music. Musical Zoo. 
Today I suggest you go to the zoo. Do you want it? Who can you see there? I hasten to please you that today there will be a real carnival at the zoo. Let's remember that carnival is a holiday at which everyone must change their appearance. You can wear a mask, a carnival costume, or simply decorate yourself. The main thing is not to be recognized. The carnival to which I invite you will be completely unusual. Firstly, this is a carnival not of people, but of animals. Secondly, he is musical, because the music he created will tell us a lot French composer Camille Saint-Saens.
As usual, any holiday is usually opened by the most distinguished guests.
Intimidatingly handsome, he is fierce and yellow-maned.
Even the tail is not at all simple - with a tassel long tail
The paws are strong and powerful. The roar rushes above the clouds.
It's not for nothing that he is the king of beasts
In hot Africa.
Of course, this is Leo. He is majestic, menacing and beautiful. We hear this in the magnificent music called "The Royal March of the Lion." It is performed in one voice (“unison”) with a powerful sound string instruments. And although the music sounds menacing and intimidating, a smile slips through it. Each phrase ends with a fanfare that emphasizes the solemnity of the moment. The lion's gait is important and unhurried. From time to time, sharp sounds unexpectedly invade the march - it is Leo who gives his voice, he roars.
And here is "Turtles". What tempo do you think this piece is at? Of course, very slow. Moreover, the melody is taken as a basis... a cancan from the opera “Orpheus in Hell” by Offenbach, only several times slower.
And the “Elephant” dances a waltz at the carnival...
Here's Kangaroo. Who would have thought that a piano could “jump” like that!
And in the “Aquarium”, in the sounds of the flute and strings, you can hear the shimmer of water and the graceful movements of fish.
"Character with long ears" - this is exactly who you think: the cries of "ee" are amusingly conveyed by the "squealing" violin.
And finally, "Swan". The only part devoid of irony. The song of the cello is like a moment of nostalgia for the shining blue of the sky, for the flight of snow-white wings, for Beauty itself.
Music accompanies a person throughout his life. We listen carefully to the music and admire virtuoso playing musicians. It’s always interesting to read how music originated, how sounds were born; and what works (fairy tales, poems, stories) touch on the topic of music and musicians. Here is a list of just some works related to musical themes.
Brothers Grimm
"Odd Musician"
"Musicians of Bremen"
"The Singing Bone"
The Brothers Grimm are famous German linguists. They wrote about the golden bird and Thumb, about Little Red Riding Hood and the three lucky ones... A number of works by the two brothers Grimm, collectors of fairy tales, are about music and musicians.
Elinor Farjeon "Hurdy Organ"
Elinor Farjeon (1881-1965) – English writer, author of entertaining, instructive fairy tales. Elinor Farjeon is the first winner of the important Andersen Prize, awarded to the best children's writers.
G. H. Andersen “The Nightingale”
G. H. Andersen (1805-1875) It seems that the queen of fairy tales herself let the writer into her world of sorcery and secrets, miracles and fantasies. H. H. Andersen is a world-favorite and revered author.
The Urals are rich not only in marvelous gems and iron ore, powerful factories and the beauty of nature. Its main value is people. Among them is the wonderful writer Evgeny Permyak. About music and musicians Ural writer wrote the following works:
"All the colors of the rainbow"
"Thin String"
"Lucky Trumpet"
You can get acquainted with I.A. Krylov’s fables about music and musicians.
You can familiarize yourself with Osip Mandelstam's works on music
A. Kichaikina “How Leshka and I acted in music school»
.
V. Bianki “Musician”
You can read a review of this work.
“How I was taught music” by I. Pivovarov.
Russian folk tale "The Magic Pipe".
Tales about musical instruments
Politeness" href="/text/category/vezhlivostmz/" rel="bookmark">polite, smart, cheerful. But he had one drawback. He had difficulty waking up in the morning. He didn’t want to leave the warm world of sleep.
In the children's room, where Vitya slept, there were musical instruments: a violin, a horn and a pipe. Every morning the musical instruments watched with alarm the difficulty with which Vitya woke up.
And one day they came up with this: in the morning, when mom comes to wake Vitya up, play a beautiful melody for the boy. It should be noted that musical instruments were smart, and they knew well that music can work miracles.
Morning has come. The gentle sun did not forget to look into Vita’s room. It sent its little golden ray to the boy. At this time, Vita’s mother came in and said it was time to get up. Vitya's face became gloomy.
And suddenly the boy heard beautiful sounds. It was a violin, a horn and a pipe that played a cheerful morning melody for him.
And a miracle happened. The boy jumped up and waved his hand at his mother in a friendly manner. The morning suddenly became good. A good morning is the beginning of a new day, the beginning of a new life.
And the music went on to work its miracles.
"Famous Musicians"
Author of the story: Iris Review
In distant, distant times, this incredible story happened in the ancient city of Sarabande.
This happened in an ancient city called Sarabande, in distant, distant times. The three musicians who played for the residents of Sarabande lived in honor and respect. One of them played the violin, another played the horn, and the third played the pipe.
Not a single city festival in Saraband was complete without famous musicians.
But the money earned was sometimes not much. Sometimes they were only enough for a loaf of bread and a jug of milk.
This can’t go on any longer - Violin was indignant one day, looking at another modest meal of the musicians.
And she came up with this. Under the cover of darkness, the Violin entered the palace, to the royal musical instruments. And she told them about the poor musicians. And they told the king about everything. The next morning the king summoned the musicians and asked them to show their skills.
The musicians played waltzes, rigaudons, elegies... In the evening the king did not want to part with them.
He assigned the musicians a royal salary, and now they performed their music not only for the ordinary residents of Sarabande, but also for the king.
And things went well.
When you know how to do something well, with soul, sooner or later it will bear fruit.
A tale about a king, musical instruments and an orchestra
In a certain kingdom, in a certain state, there lived a king - a good-natured, fat man, but a tyrant.
It happened that when you want something, you go around half the world, but get it.
But if you become stubborn about something, it’s a lost cause, you won’t be able to convince him otherwise.
But despite all this, the people loved him, because he was not evil - he knew how to punish, but he did not forget to forgive.
So here it is. There was everything in this country except the court orchestra.
The Tsar had been saying for a long time that it would be nice to have an orchestra, even a small one. Like, what kind of king is this without court musicians?
“Look,” he complained, “in the thirtieth kingdom they dance mazurkas in the mornings, and in the thirty-fifth there are balls and dances in the evenings.” Am I a worse king than them?
– Give me musicians here, period!
“But Your Majesty,” answered the courtiers, “where can we find so many musicians?”
- Look where you want, but in order to tomorrow were! – and the king stamped his foot.
There was nothing to do, they sent walkers to the neighboring kingdoms to look for musicians. By the evening of the next day, six people lined up in front of the king: two violinists, a cellist, a flutist, a trumpeter and a drummer.
“Well, everyone play in turn,” the king ordered, “I want to hear what they can do.”
The musicians played for him, and the king liked the trumpet most of all.
“I want the trumpet to sound loudest,” he said.
- But Your Majesty! – they tried to object to him.
- I don’t want to hear anything! - answered the king, - the trumpet should play louder than anyone else.
- What kind of nonsense? - the musicians reasoned among themselves, walking along the road, - where has it been seen that in an orchestra one instrument drowns out the others.
- We will play as always. Perhaps, having heard the beautiful music, the king will change his decision.
That's what they did. A week later they were called to the king. The musicians settled down and began to play.
Oh, what music sounded in the palace! It seemed that even his gloomy walls smiled. Magic lights danced on them, out of nowhere, the air was filled with the aroma of fragrant flowers and a light breeze carried it everywhere. Even the birds outside the window fell silent, delighted by the gentle sounds.
- No, no, no! - the king shouted, and the music stopped mid-sentence. The lights suddenly disappeared, as if they had never happened, only the birds outside the window were still silent, hoping for a miracle.
- No, no, no! - the king shouted and pounded his feet on the floor, “why can’t I hear the trumpet?” Why, I ask you?
“But Your Majesty,” the musicians justified themselves, “it’s not time yet, her part will be at the end of the play!”
- I don’t want to hear anything! - the king was capricious, - play so that the trumpet is louder than everyone else.
The musicians sighed, but there was nothing to do. They say to the trumpeter:
- Play as the king wants.
They took the instruments in their hands, but what happened here! The trumpet drowned out everything in the world: the mooing of cows in the royal courtyard, the clinking of dishes in the kitchen, the laughter of children and, of course, other instruments.
- No, no, no! - the king shouted, but no one heard him.
Then he waved his hands so that they would pay attention to him. The music, if the roar could be called that, stopped.
“My friend, I will order you to be executed,” the king said to the trumpeter.
– But for what, Your Majesty? – the trumpeter was scared.
“But you don’t know how to play, and yet you came to be hired by the Tsar’s orchestra.”
“I dare to say, Your Majesty, that I played at the court of the king of the thirteenth kingdom, and was also awarded honorary awards at the court of your neighbor, a subtle connoisseur of music.”
“Oh, you’re lying,” answered the king, “why don’t I hear those magical sounds that you claim are heard in their chambers?”
- But Your Majesty, order me to play my part - exactly as many notes as required, and also as loudly as the author intended, and you will experience perfect harmony.
“You fool, I will still order you to be executed.” Haven't you heard that I love it when the trumpet plays loudly?
“But Your Majesty, in order to fulfill this desire, you need to ask the author to write another piece or to have one trumpet play instead of the whole orchestra.”
– - Do you prefer to be hanged or drowned? “I leave it to you to make your own choice – I am kind today,” the king said and wiped away an invisible tear from his eyelashes.
“Have mercy on the trumpeter, Your Majesty,” the courtiers began to ask him.
- No, no, and no again. He does not allow my dream to come true and will be executed.
“If I must die,” said the trumpeter, “let me give you one last piece of advice.”
“I allow,” the king graciously allowed, “I am kind today.”
– I would advise you to fall in love not with the instrument, but with the music, Your Majesty. If you postpone the execution, I could give you some lessons so that you can learn to hear each instrument separately and all together.
The king thought a little and agreed. After all, in fact, he was often bored in his chambers and idle alone, so he was glad to do at least something.
“Okay, I won’t execute you at all, but on the condition that you teach me to play the trumpet.” Just make sure you teach well, otherwise you won’t get your head blown off,” he added in a whisper.
Soon a real orchestra was created at the palace: dozens of musicians played from their instruments magical sounds. People came to listen to them from the most distant countries.
But this orchestra was famous not only for its excellent playing.
Its amazing feature was that the king himself sat next to the other musicians. And let's be honest, he didn't just sit there, he played, and how!
When the music began to sound, it seemed that not many different instruments were playing, but one - huge, incredible, beautiful.
But the king, of course, loved solos most of all. While playing, he blissfully closed his eyes, puffed out his cheeks and blushed with zeal.
At first it was a lot of fun for the audience. But when, captivated by the music, the listeners closed their eyes, a miracle happened. The earth disappeared from under their feet, people grew wings, and they flew high, high into the sky.
From there, neither the king, nor the orchestra, nor the old palace could be seen, but only the blue, blue sky, and the sun, and the rainbow after the rain.
