How many ethnic groups. The largest peoples of the world in faces (39 photos)

The term "people" has several meanings. It is understood as the population of a country (for example, the people of India, the people of Switzerland, the people of France, etc.), workers, just a group, a crowd of people (in the expression: there are a lot of people on the street, etc.) and, finally , what scientists call the term "ethnos", "ethnic community". An ethnos (people) is defined as a stable set of people historically established in a certain territory who have common relatively stable features of language, culture and psyche, as well as a consciousness of their unity and difference from all other similar entities.

Several thousand peoples live in the world. They differ from each other in their number, level community development, language and culture, racial appearance.

Dancing leader of the tribe. New Guinea.



Swazi woman in festive attire. Swaziland.



The art of Tunisian carpet weavers is known all over the world.



Children's holiday in Hanoi.



thumb|Mongolian woman in national dress.



Norwegian schoolchildren.



Girls from the island of Nauru.



Large Indian market in the city of Toluca. Mexico.



frame|right|Belarusian folk holiday.



frame|right|Sugarcane harvesting in Cuba.



Modern races peace.



frame|center|Representatives of the main races.



A Tajik girl harvesting cotton.



The inhabitants of Yakutia are accustomed to severe frosts.

Fluctuations in the number of different ethnic groups are very significant. Thus, the number of the largest nations exceeds 100 million people. These are Chinese, Hindustanis, US Americans, Bengalis, Russians, Brazilians, Japanese. Tiny endangered ethnic groups (more precisely, fragments of ethnic groups) do not number even 10 people today. These include ouma, yoba, bina in Papua New Guinea and others. Differences between ethnic groups are no less significant in terms of the level of socio-economic development: with peoples that are actually still at the stage of primitiveness, peoples that are highly developed in social terms coexist. There are also great linguistic and cultural differences. Each people speaks a special language, although it happens that the same language is used by several ethnic groups or, conversely, one ethnic group speaks several languages. At the same time, many languages ​​are related to each other, and the degree of this relationship varies. The range of similarities and differences in the culture of different peoples is also significant.

The principles of classification of the peoples of the world are different. In ethnography, ethnolinguistic classification is most often used, grouping all peoples on the basis of linguistic kinship. This classification also helps in historical research, as it gives a genetic interpretation of the existing similarities between peoples. According to the ethno-linguistic classification, the peoples of the world are divided into the following families: Indo-European, Afroasian (Semitic-Hamitic), Kartvelian, Ural (Ural-Yukagir), Dravidian, Altai, Eskimo-Aleutian, Chukchi-Kamchatka, North Caucasian, Sino-Tibetan, Miao-Yao, Austroasiatic, Austronesian, Parathai, Na-Dene, North Amerindian, Central Amerindian, Chibcha-Paes, Pano-Caribbean, Andean, Equatorial-Tukanoan, Australian, Andaman, Niger-Kordofan, Nilo-Saharan, Khoisan, as well as several Papuan. Along with the peoples united by the listed families, there are also ethnic groups that occupy an isolated position in linguistic terms. These are Basques, Burishi, Kets, Nivkhs, Ainu, etc.

The largest of the families is Indo-European, uniting 45% of the world's population. The peoples of this family live in most of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, foreign Europe, Iran and Afghanistan, in the northern and central regions of South Asia. They also predominate today in America and Australia. (All the peoples included in a particular family are named in the appendix to the article.

The Kartvelian family is small (0.1% of the world's population). It includes Georgians living in Transcaucasia and ethnic communities close to them. The peoples of the Ural (Ural-Yukaghir) family (0.5% of the world's population) live in the Trans-Urals, in the far north of Siberia, in the Volga region, in the north of the European part of Russia, in the Baltic states, Finland, and northern Scandinavia and Hungary. The Dravidian family (4% of the world's population) is concentrated mainly in South Asia. peoples Altai family(6% of the world's population) form a series of geographically unrelated areas from the Balkan Peninsula to the Russian Far East. Many scientists consider the groups included in it to be genetically unrelated and attribute them to several different families.

A small Eskimo-Aleut family, whose range mainly covers the extreme north of North America and Greenland, unites, as the name implies, Eskimos and Aleuts. The small peoples of the Chukchi-Kamchatka family (Chukchi, Koryaks, Itelmens) live in the extreme northeast of our country.

The peoples of the Afroasian family (5% of the world's population) are settled in Southwest Asia and North Africa. The Afroasian family includes the Semitic, Berber, Cushitic and Chadic groups.

The North Caucasian family is relatively small in number (0.1% of the world's population). It includes two groups - Abkhaz-Adyghe and Nakh-Dagestan.

The Sino-Tibetan family (23% of the world's population) is inferior in number only to the Indo-European (it includes the Chinese, the most numerous people on the ground).

The peoples of the Miao-Yao family (0.2% of the world's population) live in China, as well as in Vietnam and some other countries South-East Asia. The two most significant ethnic communities are the Miao and Yao, which is where the name of the family comes from. Some researchers consider the Miao-Yao as a group within the Sino-Tibetan family, others as a group within the Austroasiatic family.

The peoples of the Austroasiatic family (2% of the world's population) live for the most part in Southeast Asia, as well as in the adjacent regions of South and East Asia.

The Austronesian family (5% of the world's population) unites peoples living in a vast area from Madagascar to the Hawaiian Islands and Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean.

The Parathai family (1.5% of the world's population belongs to it) is concentrated in the countries of Southeast Asia and neighboring regions of China. It does not always stand out as an independent unit. Some scholars consider it a group of the Sino-Tibetan family, others combine the Parathai and Austronesian families.

The Indian peoples of America are linguistically divided into families Na-Dene, North Amerindian, Central Amerindian, Chibcha-Paes (south of Central and northern South America), Pano-Caribbean, Andean, Equatorial-Tukanoan. Of these families, the Andean family is the most significant (0.4% of the world's population), it includes the largest Indian people - the Quechua.

The Australian family, as its name suggests, is centered in Australia. It unites very small aboriginal peoples of this continent.

The Andaman family consists of several very small ethnic groups of the Adaman Islands (Ongyo, etc.).

In New Guinea and the adjacent islands (the New Guinea region in terms of the complexity of the ethnic structure surpasses any other region of the globe), the Papuan peoples live, uniting in ten families according to their linguistic affiliation: trans-New Guinean, West Papuan, Sepik-Rama, Torricelli, East Papuan, East Chendravasih Gulf of Chendravasih, kvomtari, arai, amto-musian. Only the first five families are significant, of which the trans-New Guinean family stands out (the peoples that make up it form 0.1% of the world's population).

The peoples of sub-Saharan Africa form three families: the Niger-Kordofanian (6% of the total world population), the Nilo-Saharan (0.6%), and the Khoisan. The Nilo-Saharan family as a whole is localized to the north of the Niger-Kordofanian, on the southern periphery of Africa and in Tanzania they live minorities Khoisan family (Hottentots, Bushmen, etc.).

A number of peoples of the world occupy an isolated position in linguistic terms. Two peoples separated by language - the Nivkhs and the Kets (both very small in number) - live in the Asian part of our country. In the far north of South Asia, in the mountains of Karakoram, there is a small Burishi people, whose language also occupies an isolated position. In Europe, an isolated language is spoken by the Basques, who live in the Pyrenees, on both sides of the border between Spain and France. Isolated languages ​​are also spoken by the Ainu (Hokkaido, Japan). Finally, a large group of peoples speaking isolated languages ​​lives in New Guinea (Borumeso, Warenbori, Pauwi, etc.), but it is possible that the classification of the languages ​​of the New Guinean peoples as isolated is not the result of true genetic isolation, but a consequence of their still poor study.

Some researchers are trying to identify more distant linguistic relationship, highlighting macrofamilies in addition to families. So, for example, the Indo-European, Kartvelian, Dravidian, Ural-Yukaghir, Altai, Eskimo-Aleutian, and sometimes Afro-Asian families are combined into a Nostratic macrofamily; all Indian families (except Na-Dene) - into the Amerindian macrofamily.

In addition to the ethno-linguistic classification, there is also an areal classification, when peoples are grouped into large regions, called historical-cultural or historical-ethnographic regions. Within these areas, in the process of long historical development, a certain cultural community has developed.

The peoples of the world are also divided into three main races: Caucasoid (or Caucasoid), Mongoloid and Negroid. The eastern area of ​​the Negroids is often regarded as a special Australoid large race. Some foreign scientists single out a greater number of basic human races, for example, Americanoids, Lapanoids, the Malay race, etc. (see map).

As a result of the mixing of various large races, the so-called contact races were formed, of which there are quite a lot at present. So, from the mixing of the eastern branch of the northern Caucasians and the northern Mongoloids, the Ural (Ural-laponoid) racial group originated. The mixed group includes the South Siberian group that arose from the first centuries of the new era in the vast steppe space between the Urals and the Yenisei, in which Mongoloid features predominate. In the Middle Ages, in the more southern regions, mixed Central Asian groups were formed with the dominance in most cases of the Caucasoid element. In the east and southeast of Asia, there was a zone of contact between Mongoloids and Australoids, where a number of mixed forms arose at different times, for example, the South Asian group with a predominance of Mongoloid features.

APPLICATION

INDO-EUROPEAN FAMILY Slavic group Russian Ukrainians Belarusians Poles Czechs, Slovaks Serbs, Montenegrins, Muslim Slavs, Croats, Slovenes, Macedonians Bulgarians Baltic group Lithuanians Latvians German group Germans Austrians German Swiss Alsatians, Luxembourgers Dutch, Flemings, Frisians, Afrikaners European and American Jews English Scots Scots and Anglo-Irish Anglo-Canadians Anglo-Australians, Anglo-Sealanders Anglo-Africans Americans USA, including African Americans Anglo-speaking peoples of Central America, the West Indies and South America (Bahamians, Jamaicans, etc.) and islands Atlantic Ocean(Sectarians, Tristanians) Swedes Norwegians Icelanders Faroese Danes Celtic group Irish Welsh Bretons Romance group Italians Sardinians Italo-Swiss Corsicans French Walloons Franco-Swiss Franco-Canadians Guadeloupe, Martinique, Guianan, Haitian, Reunion, Mauritian, Seychellois Cuban Dominican Puerto Ricans Mexicans Guatemalans Hondurans Salvadorans Nicaraguans Costa Ricans Panamanians Venezuelans Colombians Ecuadorians Peruvians Bolivians Chileans Argentines Paraguayans Uruguayans Spaniards Catalans Portuguese, Galicians Brazilians Romanians Moldavians Albanian group Albanians Greek group Greeks Armenian group Armenians Iranian group Persians Kurds, Lurs, Bakhtiars Balochs Tajiks, Hazaras Afghans (Pashtuns) O Setines Nuristani group Nuristani Indo-Aryan group Bengalis Assamese Oriya Biharis Hindustanis Rajasthani Gujaratis Marathas Punjabis Sindhis Nepalese Paharis Sinhalese Maldivians Indo-Mauritians, Guyanese-Indopa-Pakists, Fijindians Kashmiris, Sheena and other Dardic peoples Gypsies AFRASIAN FAMILY Semitic group Arab peoples(Egyptians, Syrians, Algerians, etc.) Maltese Jews of Israel Amhara, Gurage, Tigray, Tigre Berber group Kabila, Tamazight, Shilkh, Tuareg and others Cushitic group Oromo Somalia Afar, Beja, Sidamo and others other KARTVEL FAMILY Georgians DRAVID FAMILY Tamils ​​Malayali Cannara Telugu Gonds, Oraon, Braguis and other Dravidian peoples URAL-YUKAGIR FAMILY Finno-Ugric group Finns Karelians Estonians Saami (Lapps), Mordovians, Maris, Udmurts, Komi Hungarians Khanty, Mansi Samoyedic group Ne ntsy, Nganasans, Selkups Yukagir group Yukagirs ESKIMOSS-ALEUT FAMILY Eskimos, Aleuts ALTAI FAMILY Turkic group Turks Azeris Various Turkic-speaking peoples of Iran Turkmen Tatars, Crimean Tatars Bashkirs Karachays, Balkars, Kumyks, Nogais Kazakhs Karakalpaks Kirghiz Uzbeks Uigurs Altaians, Shors, Khakasses Tuvans Yakuts, Dolgans Chuvash Mongolian group Khalkha-Mongols Oirats Kalmyks Buryats Mongols of China Tungus-Manchurian group Evenks, Evens, Nanais, Udeges and other Manchus Korean group Koreans Japanese group Japanese Nivkhi Nivkhi CHUKOTSK-KAMCHATKA FAMILY Chukchi Koryak Itelmens NIGERO-KORDOFAN FAMILY Niger-Congo group West Atlantic subgroup Fulbe, Wolof, Serer, Diola, Temne, Kisi and others Subgroup of the central Niger-Congo Moi, Grusi, Gurma, Senufo and other peoples of the Bakwe , Bete and other Kru peoples Akan, Anyi, Baule, Ewe, Fon Ijo Yoruba, Nupe, Bini, Igbo, Ibibio, Tiv, Bamileke and other Fang, Mongo, Rwanda, Rundi, Ganda, Luhya, Kikuyu, Kamba, Nyamwezi, Swahili , Kongo, Luba, Bemba, Malawi, Makua, Ovimbundu, Shona, Tswana, Pedi, Sutho, Xhosa, Zulu, Tsonga and other Bantu peoples Zande, Chamba, Mbum, Banda, Gbaya and other Adamaua-Ubangu peoples Mande group Malinke, Bambara , Soninke, Susu, Mende and others Kordofanian group Ebang, Kadugli and others NILO-SAHARAN FAMILY Eastern Sudanese group Nubians, Dinka, Kalenjin, Luo and others Central Sudanese group Bongo, Sarah, Bagirmi, moru, Mangbetu and others Bert Bert group Kunama group Kunama Saharan Kanuri group, tubu and others Songai group Songai and others Fur Fur group Mabang group Mabang and others Komuz group Koma and others KOYSAN FAMILY Bushmen, Hottentots BASQI Basques BURISHI Burishi NORTH CAUCASIAN FAMILY Abkhazian-Adyghe group Abkhazians, Adyghes, Kabardians, Circassians Nakhsko-da Gestan group Chechens, Ingush, Avars, Dargins, Lezgins and others KET Kets Sino-Tibetan Family Chinese, Hui Bai Tibetans, Bhutanese and others Myanmar Yizu, Tujia, Hani, Manipur, Naga, Karen, Kachin, Garo, Bodo, Newari, Tamang and others AUSTROASIAN FAMILY Mon-Khmer group Viet, Muong Khmer, highland Khmer Asli group Semangi, Senoi Nicobar group Nicobarese Khasi group Khasi Munda group, Santals and others and other Dun, Li and others AUSTRONESIAN FAMILY Western Austronesian group Malaysian Malays, Chams Javanese, Sundas, Madurese, Indonesian Malays, Minangkabau and other Tagals, Bisayas, Iloks and others Chamorro, Belau, Yap Malagasy Central Austronesian group Ende, Atoni, Tetum, Ambonese and others East Austronesian group South Halmaherans, Biak Numphorians and other Melanesians (Fijians, Tolai and others) Micronesians (Truk, Marshallese, Kiribati, Nauru and others) Polynesians (Tonga, Samoa, Tuvalu, Maori, Tahitians, Hawaiians and others) Taiwanese groups Gaoshan ANDAMAN FAMILY Andamanese PAPUAN FAMILIES Enga, Khuli, Hagen, Chimbu, Kamano, Dani, Abelam, Ternat and other Papuan peoples AUSTRALIAN FAMILY Ainu Aboriginal Australians Ainu

INDIAN FAMILIES

NADEN FAMILY Athabaskan (Navajo, Apache and others), Tlingit, Haida NORTH AMERINDIAN FAMILY Maya, Quekchi, Quiché, Kaqchikel, Algonquin, Sioux and others CENTRAL AMERINDIAN FAMILY Aztecs, Shoshone, Otomi, Mixtec, Zapotec and others CHIBCHA-PAES FAMILY Bowls then paez and others ANDean FAMILY Quechua, Aymara, Araucans and others

Question: How many nations in the world? How modern peoples historically belong to the first 70 nations?

Answer: Like a tree, when it grows, its first sprout is at first one, then it is divided into two or three, and then each of them is divided into smaller ones (in an adult tree this is clearly visible: here is the trunk, thick branches depart from it, branches are more thin, from them even more subtle, and so on, and so, like this, the human race descended from one man who had three children, seventy grandchildren, and all peoples and nationalities already descended from them.But initially there were seventy, and so it remained, and the abundance of ethnography that we observe is a mixture of these seventy.

We begin this page of history with the Flood: Noah (Noah) had three sons - Shem (Sim), Ham and Yaphet, and they had seventy children, Noah's grandchildren. The families of these grandchildren formed clans, then became nations. The Semites descended from Shem, the Africans from Ham, and the Indo-Europeans from Japhet. Far East, Australia and America are migrants.

But initially everyone lived together in the region of Mesopotamia (Babylonian lowland), and spoke the same language, which is natural. When trying to build tower of babel to the sky, G-d divided their language into seventy languages, which separated them from each other, and seventy nations were obtained.

Let's deviate a little from the topic and say how this very division into languages ​​took place. After all, G-d, even intervening in Nature, tries to ensure that this interference goes unnoticed, and that everything happens in the most natural way.

So. Imagine building a tower "to the sky". It was a colossal enterprise for the ancient world. No less than the great pyramids of Egypt or the Great Chinese wall. And even more. Yes, probably much more grandiose! It is difficult to estimate the number of people involved in it, but it seems that this is all of the then humanity.

We will not go into the reasons for this. grandiose project, but just imagine a colossal tower with very, very, very many people working on different floors. Construction is proceeding at an accelerated pace, construction is more important than people's lives, as is usual in the ancient world.

Burnt clay blocks are fed from below, they are laid on wet clay instead of cement. When it dries in the scorching sun, one grandiose monolith will turn out.

And now people have ceased to understand each other. The Midrash describes it this way: the one who is above asks for a brick, and the one who gives from below gives him clay, i.e. mortar. It turns out that the word that one calls clay, the other calls a block of clay. Like how we call a car a car, although a car is a mechanism in general. And if we talk about a machine with a person who calls any mechanism a machine, he may not understand us. So it happened, the concepts shifted a little, but people no longer understand each other. But back to the topic of the number 70.

The number 70 (like everything that happens in the world) is not accidental. After all, God rules the world through the Sefirot. Sefirot, these are manifestations of G-d, which combine the infinite and the finite. In other words, they are concrete manifestations of the Infinite G-d adapted to our world. If we look at them under a magnifying glass, in isolation from the rest, then we can say that these are things that, in simple terms, perceive the energy emanating from G-d and process it into specific limited manifestations.

Within this system, the Sefirot are divided into two types: those that are turned upwards to Gd, they perceive infinity (there are three of them), and those that are directed downwards to our world, the final Divine manifestations come from them (there are seven of them, and only ten). It is the Sefirot of the second group that are directly related to our world, it is through them that Gd heals the sick, feeds the hungry, fills the earth with moisture so that there is a good harvest, or, Gd forbid, vice versa.

These Sefirot are seven, but each of them consists of ten. This is a rather large and complex topic, how the Sefirot are composed of each other, but, in a simple way, it is like how an artist has a limited number of colors on the palette, and he mixes them to get a variety of colors.

There are several options here: 1) seven Sefirot are separate from each other, seven independent separate Sefirot; 2) seven consist of seven; 3) seven are made up of ten.

The third option applies to a reasonable person, and here's why. The analogy of the Sefirot in man is the inner spiritual world: mind and feelings. The mind is like the three Sefirot, and the senses are like the seven lower ones. A reasonable person is a person whose emotions are reasonable, he reacts to external stimuli not spontaneously, but in the way that reason dictates.

Therefore, humanity also consists of seventy peoples, because man is the only subject in nature endowed with reason.

Can we today determine which peoples specifically descend from which of these 70? No . The fact is that even in ancient times all peoples were mixed. This was done artificially, the policy of the Assyrian Empire was to move all peoples to each other's lands and mix them. Scientists, of course, have found various reasons for this policy, but they have nothing to do with our topic. In any case, all people on earth can live in peace and in peace with each other, because everything is so mixed up that everyone has become one people. All divisions between people are artificial, humanity today is like a picture where colors are mixed to create beauty, and where emotions must be mixed with reason.

No science yet gives exact definition such a concept as “people”, but everyone means by this concept a large community of people living compactly in a certain territory.

The science of ethnography, which studies peoples and ethnic groups, including the most numerous peoples, distinguishes today from 2.4 to 2.7 thousand nationalities living on earth. But ethnographers can rely on statistics in such a delicate matter, which give a figure of 5 and a half thousand peoples on Earth.

No less interesting is ethnogenesis, which studies the emergence and development of various ethnic groups. Let us present in a short review the largest nations that developed in ancient times, and their total number exceeds 100 million people.

Chinese (1,320 million)

The generalized concept of "Chinese people" includes all residents of China, including people of other nationalities, as well as those with Chinese citizenship, but living abroad.

Nevertheless, the Chinese people are the largest, both in the concept of "nation" and in the concept of "nationality". Today, there are 1 billion 320 million Chinese in the world, which is from total number of the world's inhabitants is 19%. So, the list of the largest nations in the world, in all respects, is rightfully headed by the Chinese.

Although in fact, those whom we call "Chinese" are ethnically representatives of the Han people. China is a multinational country.

The very name of the people "Han", which means "Milky Way", and comes from the name of the country "Celestial". This is also the most ancient people of the Earth, whose roots go back to the distant past. The Han Chinese in the PRC make up the absolute majority, about 92% of the country's population.

Interesting Facts:

• The Chinese people of Zhuang, who are a national minority in the country, have a population of about 18 million people, which is comparable to the population of Kazakhstan and exceeds the population of the Netherlands.
• Another Chinese people, Huizu, has a population of about 10.5 million people, which is early for the population of countries such as Belgium, Tunisia, the Czech Republic or Portugal.

Arabs (330-340 million)

The second-placed Arabs are defined in ethnographic science as a group of peoples, but from the point of view of ethnogenesis, they are one people of the Semitic language group.

The nationality developed in the Middle Ages, when the Arabs settled in the Middle East and northern Africa. All of them are united by a single Arabic language and a peculiar script - Arabic script. The people have long gone beyond the boundaries of their historical homeland, and present stage, due to various circumstances, settled in other regions of the globe.

Today, the number of Arabs is estimated at 330-340 million people. Mostly adhere to Islam, but there are also Christians.

Did you know that:

• There are more Arabs in Brazil than in the United Arab Emirates.
• Arabs consider the gesture of a figure to be an insult with sexual overtones.

Americans (317 million)

Here is a vivid example when it is possible to accurately define the people, with the practically non-existent concept of "American nation". IN narrow sense, this group various nationalities constituting the US population and having US citizenship.

Over a 200-year history, there has been common culture, mentality, a common language used in communication, which makes it possible to unite the population of the US territory into one people.

There are 317 million US Americans today. For the indigenous population of America, the Indians, the name Americans may be used, but according to ethnic identification, this is a completely different ethnic group.

By the way, read about the most interesting sights in the United States.

Hindustanis (265 million)

On this moment Hindustanis compactly settled in three neighboring countries of the South-Eastern region of the planet - India, Nepal and Pakistan.

As for India, the largest number of them live in the northern part of the state. In total, ethnology has about 265 million Hindustanis, and the main language of their communication is various dialects of the Hindi language.

Interestingly, of the related peoples, the closest to them are the Gypsies and Dravidians inhabiting southern regions India.

Bengalis (over 250 million)

Among the numerous peoples, the Bengalis, numbering more than 250 million, occupy their leading positions. They mostly live in Asian countries, but there are small diasporas in the USA and Great Britain, they also exist in other European countries.

Over the centuries, the Bengalis have retained their national culture, identity and language, as well as their main occupations. In the Asian region, they live mainly in rural areas, since they have been engaged in agriculture since ancient times.

The Bengali language is one of the most difficult on earth, so it developed as a result of the synthesis of the Indo-Aryan language and numerous local dialects.

Brazilians (197 million)

group of different ethnic groups living in Latin America, has developed into a single Brazilian people. There are currently about 197 million Brazilians, most of whom live in Brazil proper.

The people went through a difficult path of ethnogenesis, so it began to take shape as a result of the conquest of the South American continent by Europeans. Indian nationalities alternately lived in vast territories, and with the advent of Europeans, most of them were destroyed, the rest was assimilated.

And so it happened that Catholicism became the religion of the Brazilians, and the language of communication was Portuguese.

Russians (about 150 million)

The name of the most numerous people of Russia came about as a result of the transition of the adjective "Russian people", "Russian people" into the generalizing noun "Russians", in the concept of the people.

Modern statistical studies show that there are about 150 million Russians on Earth, most of whom live in Russia. The most numerous people of Russia belong to language group East Slavic languages, and today more than 180 million people consider Russian as their native language.

Russians are practically homogeneous in anthropological terms, although they are settled over a large territory and are divided into several ethnographic groups. The ethnos was formed during the development of the Russian state from different ethnic groups of the Slavs.

Interesting fact: The largest number Russians abroad Russian Federation and countries of the former USSR is located in Germany (~ 3.7 million) and in the USA (~ 3 million).

Mexicans (148 million)

Mexicans, who number about 148 million people, are united by a common territory of residence, a single Spanish language of communication, as well as an amazing national culture based on heritage ancient civilizations Central America.

This people is also a vivid example of duality, since those Mexicans who live in the United States can be considered Americans at the same time.
The uniqueness of the people is also in the fact that by ethnicity they are Hispanics, but the language of communication refers them to the Romance group. It is also a nation on our planet, growing at the fastest pace.

Japanese (132 million)

There are 132 million conservative Japanese on Earth, and they live mainly on historical homeland. After the Second World War, part of the Japanese settled around the world, and now only 3 million people live outside of Japan.

The Japanese people are distinguished by isolation, high diligence, a special attitude to the historical past and national culture. For many centuries, the Japanese have managed to preserve, and most importantly, increase their heritage, both spiritual and material and technical.

The Japanese have a special, somewhat suspicious attitude towards foreigners, and are reluctant to allow them into their lives.

Punjabis (130 million)

Another of the largest nations lives compactly in the territories of India and Pakistan. Of the 130 million Punjabis in the regions of Asia, a small part settled in Europe and Africa.

The hard-working people for many centuries created an extensive irrigation system of irrigated fields, and their main occupation has always been agriculture.

It was the Punjabis, one of the first peoples on earth, who created a highly developed and cultural civilization in the Indian river valleys. But, as a result of the cruel colonial policy, much of the heritage of this people was lost.

Biharis (115 million)

The amazing people of Biharis, who live mainly in the Indian state of Bihar, today number about 115 million people. A small part settled in other Indian states and in neighboring states.

Modern representatives of the people are direct descendants of those. Who in the Indus and Ganges valleys created the first agricultural civilizations on Earth.

Today, an active process of urbanization of Biharis is observed, and, leaving the main occupations and ancient crafts and crafts, they massively move to cities.

Javanese (105 million)

The last major nation of the earth, whose population is above 100 million people. According to the latest data of ethnology and statistics, there are about 105 million Javanese on the planet.

IN XIX century only the Russian ethnographer and traveler Miklukho-Maclay cited data on the origin, and today quite a lot is known about the ethnogenesis of the Javanese.

They settled mainly on the islands of Oceania, and are the indigenous population of the large island of Java and the state of Indonesia. For many centuries they have created a unique and inimitable culture.

Thais (over 90 million)

Already by the name of the ethnic group, it becomes clear that the Thais are the indigenous population of the Kingdom of Thailand, and today there are more than 90 million of them.

The etymology of the origin of the word "tai", which in local dialects means "free man", is interesting. Ethnographers and archaeologists, studying the culture of the Thais, determined that it was formed in the early Middle Ages.

Among other nations, this nationality is distinguished by sincere love, sometimes bordering on fanaticism, for theatrical art.

Koreans (83 million)

The people formed many centuries ago and at one time settled the Korean peninsula of Asia. Managed to create a highly developed culture, and carefully protect national traditions.

The total number of people is 83 million, but the confrontation led to the formation of two states with one ethnic group, which is today an unresolved tragedy of the Koreans.

More than 65 million Koreans live in South Korea, the rest in North Korea, and also settled in other Asian and European countries.

Marathi (83 million)

India, among all its uniqueness, is also the record holder for the number of numerous nationalities living on its territory. For example, in the state of Maharashtra, amazing people marahti.

A very talented people whose origins hold high positions in India, Indian cinema is filled with marahti.

In addition, Marahti is a very purposeful and close-knit ethnic group, which in the 50s of the twentieth century achieved the creation of its own state, and today, numbering 83 million people, this is the main population of the Indian state.

European peoples

It is worth separately touching on the largest peoples of Europe, among which the descendants of the ancient Germans, the Germans, are in the lead, the number of which, according to various sources, ranges from 80 to 95 million. The second place is firmly held by the Italians, of whom there are 75 million on earth. But the French firmly settled in third place, with a population of about 65 million.

Summarize

In the photo: Fountain of Friendship of Peoples in Moscow.

Large peoples living on the globe, however, like small ones, have their own cultural, national traditions that have developed over a long historical process.

Today, the process of erasing ethnic and national boundaries is increasingly observed. There are practically no mono-ethnic states left on Earth, it’s just that in each of them, there is some one predominant nation, and all the multi-ethnic people are united under the generalized concept of “resident of the country”.

ABAZINS(self-named - Abaza) - people in the Russian Federation, in Karachay-Cherkessia (27 thousand people). In total, there are 33 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). They also live in Turkey (10 thousand people) and Arab countries. The total number of 44 thousand people. (1992). Abaza language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

ABELAM(self-named) - Papuan people in Papua New Guinea. Number of 70 thousand people. (1992). Abelam language. Believers - Catholics, Protestants, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

ABUNG(self-named) - people in Indonesia. Number of 300 thousand people. (1992). Lampung language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

ABKHAZ(self-named - Apsua) - people in Georgia, the indigenous population of Abkhazia. The number in Georgia is 96 thousand people, incl. in Abkhazia 93 thousand people. (1992). They also live in the Russian Federation (6 thousand people), Turkey (6 thousand people) and Arab countries. The total number of 115 thousand people. Abkhaz language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims, there are Orthodox.

Avars(self-named - maarulal) - people in the Russian Federation (mainly in Dagestan, 496 thousand people) and in the north of Azerbaijan (44 thousand people). Number in the Russian Federation (including Ando-Tsez peoples and Archins) 544 thousand people. (1992). Avar language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

AUSTRALIANS- the indigenous population of Australia, 170 thousand people. (1992). Largely exterminated by the colonialists. Linguistically and racially, they are special group. Believers - Presbyterians and Catholics, traditional cults are preserved.

AUSTRIANS(self-named - Esterreicher) - the people, the main population of Austria (7.15 million people). The total number of 8.8 million people. (1992). They also live in the USA (1270 thousand people), Germany (180 thousand people), Canada (40 thousand people) and other countries. The language is German. The believers are mostly Catholics.

ASAU(self-named - agave) - a group of Kushite peoples in Ethiopia and Eritrea. Number of 420 thousand people. (1992), incl. in Ethiopia 350 thousand people. Agau language. Believers are monophysite Christians, some are Judaists and followers of the local syncretic religion.

AGULs(self-name - agul) - people in the Russian Federation, mainly in Dagestan (14 thousand people). The number in the Russian Federation is 18 thousand people. (1992). Agul language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

ADANGME(self-named - adangbe, dangmeli) - people in Ghana. Number of 700 thousand people. (1992). Adangme language. They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Protestants and Catholics.

ADYGEES(self-named - Adyge) - people in the Russian Federation, mainly in Adygea (95 thousand people). The number in the Russian Federation is 123 thousand people. (1992). They also live in Turkey (5 thousand people) and Arab countries. Adyghe language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

AZERBAIJANIS(self-designation - azerbaijanlylar, azeriler) - the people, the main population of Azerbaijan (5.8 million people, 1992). They also live in Iran (10.43 million people). Russian Federation (336 thousand people), Georgia (307 thousand people), Kazakhstan (90 thousand people), Armenia and other countries. The total number of 17.2 million people. (1992). The Azerbaijani language is Baijan. Believers are mostly Shia Muslims.

AYMARA- Indian people in Bolivia, Peru and Chile. The total number of 2.55 million people. (1992). Aymara language. Believers are Catholics.

Ainu- people on about. Hokkaido, in Japan, 20 thousand people. (1992). Ainu language. Believers are Buddhists.

AQUAPIM(self-named) - people in Ghana. Number of 650 thousand people. (1992). Akwapim, Chwi (Twi) languages. The believers are Presbyterians, Methodists.

ALBANS(self-designation - shkiptar) - the people, the main population of Albania (3.25 million people, 1992). Number in Yugoslavia 1.985 million people, Macedonia 500 thousand people. The total number of 6.1 million people. Albanian language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims, there are Christians (Catholics and Orthodox).

ALGONKINA- a group of Indian peoples (Ojibwe, Mikmek, Wara, Cree, Montagnier, Naskapi, Cheyenne, etc.) in the USA and Canada, 260 thousand people. (1992). They speak Algonquian languages.

ALEUTS(self-name - unangan) - people, the indigenous population of the Aleutian Islands and the Alaska Peninsula (USA) and the Commander Islands (Russian Federation). The total number of 3 thousand people. (1990), incl. 2 thousand people in USA. Aleut language. Believers are mostly Orthodox.

ALGERIANS(Arabs of Algeria) - people, the main population of Algeria (21.2 million people). The total number of 22.2 million people. (1992), incl. in France 820 thousand people. Arabic language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

ALORTS(self-named orang-alor) is a people in Indonesia. Number of 100 thousand people. (1992). Alor language. Believers - Sunni Muslims, are preserved traditional beliefs.

ALTAI(self-named - Altai-Kizhi) - people in the Altai Republic (59 thousand people). The number in the Russian Federation is 69 thousand people. (1992). They are divided into ethnographic groups: Altai-Kizhi, Telengits, Teleses, Teleuts, Tubalars, Chelkans, Kumandins. Altai language. Believers are Orthodox, some are Baptists; traditional beliefs are preserved.

ALUR(self-named - Joalur) - Nilotic people in the Congo (450 thousand people) and Uganda (300 thousand people, 1992). Dho Alur language. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

ALUTORS- nationality in the Russian Federation (about 3 thousand people, 1992), on the northeastern coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula. Alutor language.

AMBONS(self-named - Amboins) - people in Indonesia (600 thousand people, 1992), the total number is 635 thousand people. Malay language. Believers are Reformed Christians, Sunni Muslims.

AMBUNDU(mbundu, self-named - kimbundu) - people of the Bantu group in Angola, 2.15 million people. (1992). Kimbundu language. They adhere mainly to traditional cults; there are Catholics and adherents of syncretic cults.

US AMERICANS- the people, the main population of the United States. The total number of 194.2 million people. (1992), incl. in the USA 193 million people. Number in Canada 350 thousand people, in Mexico 135 thousand people, Great Britain 120 thousand people. They speak American English. Believers are mostly Protestants and Catholics.

AMHARA(self-named - amara) - people in Ethiopia. The total number of 21 million people. (1992), incl. in Ethiopia 20.8 million people, Eritrea 180 thousand people, Yemen 15 thousand people. Amharic language. Religiously, they are mostly monophysite Christians.

ENGLISH(self-named - English) - the people, the main population of Great Britain. The total number of 48.5 million people. (1992). including in Great Britain 44.7 million people, Canada 1 million people, Australia 940 thousand people, USA 650 thousand people, South Africa 230 thousand people, India 200 thousand people, New Zealand 188 thousand pers. English language. Believers are mostly Anglicans.

ANGLO-AUSTRALIANS- the people, the main population of Australia. The total number of 13.4 million people. (1992). They speak Australian English. Believers are mostly Protestants.

ANGLO-AFRICANS- people in South Africa (1.75 million people, 1992). The total number of 1.95 million people. They speak South African English. Believers - Anglicans, Methodists, Presbyterians, Catholics.

ANGLO-CANADIANS- people in Canada (10.8 million people). The total number of 11.67 million people. (1992). They speak Canadian English. Believers are mostly Protestants, some are Catholics.

ENGLISH-NEW ZEALANDS(New Zealanders, Pakeha) - the people, the main population of New Zealand (2.6 million people). The total number of 2.76 million people. (1992). English language. The believers are mostly Anglican.

ANDAMANS- the indigenous population of the Andaman Islands (India). Number approx. 100 people Languages ​​form an isolated family. The An Damans adhere mainly to traditional beliefs.

ANDIANS(self-named - Andal) - people in the Russian Federation, in Dagestan. Number approx. 30 thousand people (1992). Andean language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

APACHI(self-named - Dine) - a group of Athabaskan peoples (Navajo, Mon Calero, Jicarilla, etc.) in the USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma), 20 thousand people. (without Navajo, 1992). The languages ​​make up the southern branch of the Athabaskan languages. Believers are Christians.

ARAB(self-named - al-Arab) - a group of peoples (Algerians, Egyptians, Moroccans, etc.) - the main population of the Arab countries of Western Asia and North Africa. The total number of 199 million people. (1992). Arabic language. Most are Muslims.

ARAWAKI- a group of Indian peoples (guajiro, campa, baniva, actually the Arawaks, etc.) in South America and the West Indies, 400 thousand people. (1992). Arawak languages. Believers adhere to traditional beliefs, some are Catholics.

ARAUCANS(self-named - Mapuche) - Indian people In Chile (800 thousand people, 1992) and in the west of Argentina (70 thousand people). Araucan language. Preserve traditional beliefs, some are Catholics.

ARGENTINES- the people, the main population of Argentina (28 million people). The total number of 28.3 million people. (1992). They speak Argentinean Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

ARMENIANS(self-name - hai) - the people, the main population of Armenia (3.08 million people, 1992). They also live in the Russian Federation (532 thousand people), Georgia (437 thousand people), USA (700 thousand people), France (270 thousand people), Iran (200 thousand people), Syria (170 thousand people), Nagar Karabakh (146 thousand people), Libya and Turkey (150 thousand people each), etc. The total number is 6.55 million people. Armenian language. Believers are mostly Monophysite Christians.

Archintsy(self-name - arshishtib) - people in the Russian Federation, in Dagestan; St. 1 thousand people (1992). Archin language. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

ASMAMS(self-name - ahomiya, assamiya) - the people, the main population of the state of Assam (India); 14.55 million people (1992). They also live in Bhutan (220 thousand people) and other countries. Assamese language. Believers - Hindus, some Muslims and Christians

ASSYRIANS(Aysors, self-named - Aturaya) - people in the countries of the Middle East, in the USA, etc. The total number is 350 thousand people. (1992), incl. in the Russian Federation 10.6 thousand people, Iraq 120 thousand people, Iran 100 thousand people, Turkey 70 thousand people. Assyrian language. Believers are mostly Nestorians.

ATAPASKI(Athabaskans, self-named - Dene, Na-Dene) - a group of Indian peoples (Apache, Chipeway, Dogrib, etc.) in the USA and Canada; 220 thousand people (1992), vt. h. 210 thousand people. in the USA, the Athabaskan languages. Believers are Protestants, Catholics, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

AFAR(self-name - danakil, adalo) - people in Ethiopia (670 thousand people, 1992), Eritrea (180 thousand people), Djibouti (150 thousand people). Afar-sa ho language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

AFGHANS(self-designation - Pashtun, Pathan) - the people, the main population of Afghanistan (St. 10 million people, 1992). St. 19 million people (mostly nomads and semi-nomads) live in the northwest of Pakistan. Tribal associations are preserved (Afridia, Wazirs, Ghilzai, Durrani, etc.). Pashto language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

AFRICANERS(Boers) - people in South Africa (3 million people). They also live in Na mibia, Zimbabwe, Zambia, UK, USA and Yar. The total number of St. 3 million people (1992). Afrikaners are descendants of Dutch, French and German colonists. Afrikaans language. Believers - Mostly Protestants (Reformed).

AFRO- AMERICANS- an ethno-racial group in the United States, part of the Americans in the United States. African Americans are the descendants of African slaves brought to North America in the 17th and 19th centuries; 30 million people (1992).

AZTECA(Aztec, Nahua) - an Indian people in Mexico; 1.2 million people (1992). Aztec language. Believers are Catholics. Until the 16th century On the territory of modern Mexico, there was the Aztec state with its capital in Tenochtitlan. The Aztecs created a civilization that was destroyed by the Spanish conquerors in the 16th century.

WITH WHAT(self-named - achim, akim) - people in Ghana. Number of 650 thousand people. (1992). Chwi language (Twi). They adhere to traditional beliefs, some are Protestants, Catholics.

ACEC(ache, achins) - people in Indonesia, in the north of about. Sumatra; OK. 3 million people (1992). They also live in Malaysia. Acehnese language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

ACHOLI(akoli, gang) - people in Uganda (780 thousand people, 1992). They also live in Sudan (20 thousand people). Acholi language. They adhere to traditional beliefs, some are Sunni Muslims.

ASHANTI(self-named - asante, asantefo) - people in Ghana, 4 million people. (1992). Preserve traditional beliefs, there are Christians and Sunni Muslims.

BAGIRMI(self-named - barma-ge) - people in Chad (530 thousand people, 1992) and Sudan (20 thousand people). Bagirmi language. By religion, mostly Sunni Muslims.

BY(baizi, bayni) - people in China. Number of 1.67 million people. (1992). Bai language. Believers are Buddhists, some are Taoists.

BAKWE- a group of peoples in Liberia (500 thousand people, 1992) and Côte d "Ivoire (400 thousand people). Bakwe language. Most retain traditional beliefs, some are Christians.

BALANTE- people in Guinea-Bissau, 600 thousand people. They also live in Cape Verde and Senegal. The total number of 690 thousand people. (1992). Balante language. Preserve traditional beliefs.

Balinese- people in Indonesia, on about. Bali and in the west about. Lombok; 3.65 million people (1992). The language of the Indonesian branch. Believers are Hindus.

BALKARS(self-named - taulula) - people in the Russian Federation, in Kabardino-Balkaria (71 thousand people). In total, there are 78 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). Karachay-Balkarian language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

BAMBARA(Bamana) - the people of the Mandingo group in Mali (2.7 million people), Côte d "Ivoire, Guinea, Gambia, etc. Total number 3.49 million people (1992). Bamana language. According to religion in mostly Sunni Muslims, some retain traditional beliefs.

GANG- people in the Central African Republic (950 thousand people) and the Congo (600 thousand people, 1992). Gang language. Preserve traditional beliefs.

BANJAR- people in Indonesia (about 3 million people, mainly on the island of Kalimantan) and Malaysia. The total number of 3.15 million people. (1992). They speak a dialect of the Malay language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

BANTU- a group of peoples in Central and South Africa (Rwanda, Ma Kua, Shona, Congo, Malawi, Rundi, Zulu, Xhosa, etc.), approx. 200 million people (1992). Bantu languages. They settled widely (from the 1st millennium BC to the 19th century), assimilating the indigenous population (pygmies, speakers of the Khoi San languages).

BARBADONS(self-named - begenz) - people, the main population of Barbados (250 thousand people), mainly descendants of slaves taken out of Africa in the 17th - early 19th centuries. The total number of 350 thousand people. (1992), incl. in the USA 35 thousand people, Great Britain 35 thousand people, Canada 30 thousand people. They speak a dialect of English. Most of the believers are Anglicans, there are Methodists, Moravian Brethren, Catholics.

BASQUE(self-name - euskaldunak) - people in Spain (950 thousand people) and France (140 thousand people). They also live in countries Latin America. The total number of 1.25 million people. (1992). Basque language. Believers are Catholics.

BAKHTIARS- people in Iran (mainly in the southwest, in the historical region of Greater Luristan, or Bakhtiaria), 1 million people. (1992). They are divided into groups of haftleng and cheharleng. They speak dialects of the western subgroup of Iranian languages. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

BASHKIRS(self-named - Bashkort) - people in the Russian Federation, the indigenous population of Bashkiria (864 thousand people). In total in the Russian Federation approx. 1.35 million people (1992). They also live in Kazakhstan (42 thousand people), Uzbekistan (35 thousand people), etc. The language is Bashkir. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

BEJA(bedauye) - the people of the Kushite group in the northeast of Sudan (1.75 million people) and in neighboring regions of Eritrea and Egypt. The total number is 1.85 million people. (1992). Bedauye language. By religion, Sunni Muslims.

BELARUSIANS- the people, the main population of Belarus (over 7.9 million people, 1992). They also live in the Russian Federation (1.2 million people), Ukraine (440 thousand people), Kazakhstan (183 thousand people), Latvia (120 thousand people), Lithuania (63 thousand people) , Uzbekistan (63 thousand people), Estonia (27.7 thousand people), Poland (about 300 thousand people). Belarusian language. Believers are mostly Orthodox, there are Catholics.

BELUCH(self-named - baloch) - people in Pakistan (4 million people) and Iran (1.4 million people, 1992). They also live in Afghanistan, Turkmenistan (28.3 thousand people in 1989) and the Arab countries. The total number of 5.7 million people. (1992). Baloch language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

BENGALIS- the people, the main population of Bangladesh (109.5 million people). They also live in India (80 million people), Nepal, Bhutan, Singapore, etc. The total number is 189.65 million people. (1992). Bengali language. Believers - in Bangladesh mostly Sunni Muslims, in India mostly Hindus.

Berbers(self-named - amahag) - a group of peoples (tamazight, reef, shilh, tuaregs, kabils, shauya, etc.), the indigenous population of North Africa, Central and Western Sudan; St. 11.52 million people (1992). They speak a Berber-Libyan language. Religiously, they are mostly Sunni Muslims.

BIKOL(self-designation) - people in the Philippines (mainly on the Bicol Peninsula and Luzon Island), 4.5 million people. (1992). The language of the Indonesian branch. Believers are mostly Catholics.

BIMA- SUMBANPEOPLES- a group of peoples in the east of Indonesia (Bima, Sumbans, Manggarai, Khavu, etc.), on the islands of the Lesser Sunda Archipelago; 3.1 million people (1992). Languages ​​of the Indonesian branch. By religion, Christians, Sunni Muslims and adherents of traditional beliefs.

BINI(edo, edo) - people in Nigeria, 4.27 million people. (1992). Bini language. Believers are mostly Christians.

BISA- people in Burkina Faso, Ghana (150 thousand people each) and Nigeria (70 thousand people, 1992). Bis language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

BIHARTS- a group of peoples (Maithils, Magahs, Bhajpurs) in India (92.5 million people, Bihar state) and neighboring regions of Nepal (3.64 million people), Bangladesh (1.45 million people) and Bhutan. The total number of 97.6 million people. (1992). Languages ​​of the Indo-Iranian branch. The believers are mostly Hindus.

BOA people in the Congo. Number of 1 million people. (1992). The language of either They adhere to traditional beliefs.

BOBO(self-named - bua) - people in Burkina Faso (600 thousand people, 1992) and neighboring regions of Mali (220 thousand people) and Côte d "Ivoire (100 thousand people). Gbe language. Save traditional beliefs, some are Catholics.

BULGARIANS- the people, the main population of Bulgaria (7.85 million people). They also live in Ukraine (234 thousand people), Moldova (88 thousand people), the Russian Federation (32.8 thousand people) and other countries. The total number is 8.45 million people. (1992). Bulgarian language. Believers are mostly Orthodox, some are Sunni Muslims.

BOLIVIANS- the people, the main population of Bolivia (3 million people). They also live in Argentina (150 thousand people), Brazil, the USA, Peru and Chile. The total number of 3.2 million people. (1992). Mostly Spanish-Indian mestizos. They speak Spanish and Guarani. Believers are Catholics.

BORORO(self-named - orarimugudoge) - the Indian people of the same group in Bolivia (2 thousand people) and Brazil (1 thousand people, 1992). Preserve traditional beliefs, some are Catholics.

BOSNIKES(self-named - Muslims, Muslims, bosses) - the people, the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Number of 1.8 million people. (1992). They also live in Yugoslavia (220 thousand people), Croatia (14 thousand people), Turkey (30 thousand people), USA (30 thousand people). The total number of 2.1 million people. Bosniaks are a former population (mainly Serbs and Croats) of the historical region of Bosnia and Herzegovina, who converted to Islam during the Ottoman rule. The language is Serbo-Croatian. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

BRAGUI(self-named - bragui) - people in Pakistan (750 thousand people, mainly in the provinces of Balochistan and Sindh). They also live in Afghanistan, Iran, etc. The total number is 835 thousand people. (1992). Bra gui language. By religion they are Sunni Muslims.

BRAZILIANS- the people, the main population of Brazil; 149 million people (1992). They also live in Argentina, Paraguay, USA, Portugal. The total number is 149.4 million people. The language is Portuguese. Believers are mostly Catholics.

BRETON- people in France (Brittany), 1.05 million people. (1992). Breton language. Believers are Catholics.

BUGIS(self-named - tougik) - people in Indonesia (mainly south-west of Sulawesi); population 4.55 million people They also live in Malaysia and Singapore. The total number of 4.6 million people. (1992). Boogie language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

BUI(buei, zhongjia, self-named - Yoi) - people in southern China, 2.7 million people. (1992). Thai family language. Believers are Buddhists, there are Christians.

BURISHI(Burishki, Burushaski, Vershiki) - people in the highlands in northwestern India. OK. 50 thousand people (1987). The tongue is isolated. Believers are mostly Shia Muslims.

BURYATS(self-named - baryaat) - people in the Russian Federation, the main population of Buryatia (250 thousand people). In total, there are 421 thousand people in the Russian Federation. They also live in northern Mongolia and northeast China. The total number of 520 thousand people. (1992). Buryat language. Believers are Buddhists, shamanists.

BUSHMEN(from Dutch bosjesman, lit. - forest man) - people, the indigenous population of South and East Africa. Displaced in the XVI - XK centuries. Bantu peoples in the desert regions of Namibia (85 thousand people, 1992), Botswana (35 thousand people), Angola (8 thousand people) and Zimbabwe (I thousand people). They belong to the Bushmen race. Bushman languages. Preserve traditional beliefs.

BHILs- a group of peoples in India, the indigenous population of the mountainous regions of the states of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Rajasthan and Maharashta. Number of 3.7 million people. (1992). The language of the Indo-Iranian branch. The believers are mostly Hindus.

BHOTIA- the people, the main population of Bhutan (1 million people, 1991). They also live in Nepal (110 thousand people) and India (90 thousand people). Sinoti language of the Betan family. Believers are mostly Buddhists, in India they are Hindus.

WALLONS- people in Belgium (3.92 million people). They also live in France, the USA, etc. The total number is 4.1 million people. (1992). They speak Walloon French. Believers are Catholics.

WARRAU(huarao, guarao) - an Indian people in Venezuela (17 thousand people). They also live in Suriname and Guyana. The total number of 20 thousand people. (1992). Language isolated. Believers are Catholics.

VAKHANS- one of the Pamir peoples.

VEDDA- people, the indigenous population of Sri Lanka (mainly the Eastern Provinces), approx. 1 thousand people (1992). They belong to the Veddoid race. Indo-language Iranian group. Believers are mostly Buddhists and Hindus.

HUNGARY(self-named - Magyar) - the people, the main population of Hungary (9.95 million people). They also live in Romania (1.86 million people), Slovakia (580 thousand people). Yugoslavia (400 thousand people), USA (600 thousand people), Canada (120 thousand people). The total number of 13.83 million people. (1992). The language is Hungarian. Believers are mostly Catholics.

VENDA(self-named - bavenda) - the people of the Bantu group in South Africa (910 thousand people) and Zimbabwe (320 thousand people, 1992). Believers are mostly Protestants, there are adherents of traditional and syncretic cults.

VENEZUELINS- the people, the main population of Venezuela (17.3 million people). The total number of 17.4 million people. (1992). OK. 80% - mestizos, mulattos, sambo, approx. 5% are blacks. Spanish language. The believers are mostly Catholics.

VEPS(veps, vepsya, self-named - bepsya) - the people in Leningrad and Vologda regions and Karelia; 13 thousand people (1992). Veps language. Believers are Orthodox.

VISAYA The Bisaya are a people in the Philippines. Population 26.75 million people (1992). Visayan language. Believers are mostly Catholics, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

WATER(self-named - vadyalayn) - people in the Russian Federation. The number is less than a hundred people (1992). Votic language. Believers are Orthodox.

VOLOF(wolof) - people in Senegal (4.1 million people). They also live in Mauritania, Gambia, Mali, and others. The total number is 4.36 million people. (1992). Wolof language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

VIETNAMESE(self-named - throw, viet) - the people, the main population of Vietnam (61 million people). They also live in Cambodia, Thailand, Laos, the USA, etc. The total number is 62.15 million people. (1992). Vietnamese language. Believers are mainly Buddhists, Taoists, Confucians, some Catholics and adherents of the cult of ancestors and syncretic religions.

HAWAIIANS- people, the indigenous population of the Hawaiian Islands (USA), 170 thousand people. (1992). Hawaiian language. Believers are Protestants and Catholics.

GAGAUZ- people in Moldova (153 thousand people) and Ukraine (32 thousand people, 1992). They also live in the Russian Federation (about 10 thousand people), Bulgaria, Romania, Greece and Turkey. The total number of 220 thousand people. (1992). Gagauz language. Believers are Orthodox.

HAITIANS(Haitians) - the people, the main population of Haiti (6.6 million people). They also live in the Dominican Republic, the USA, Cuba, the Bahamas, etc. The total number is 7.2 million people. (1992). They speak Creolized French. Believers are Catholics, there are also adherents of the syncretic cult "water".

GALICIANS(self-named - gallego) - people in Spain, the main population of Galicia. They also live in Argentina, Brazil and other American countries. The total number of 4.2 million people. (1992). Galician language. Believers are Catholics.

GANDA(Baganda) - the people of the Bantu group, in Uganda (3.25 million people, 1992). They also live in Tanzania. According to religion, they are mostly Christians, there are Sunni Muslims, some retain traditional beliefs.

GAOSHAN(Chinese - highlanders) - a group of peoples (Atayal, Tsou, Amei. Bunun, etc.) on about. Taiwan, 340 thousand people (1992). languages ​​of the Indonesian group. Preserve traditional beliefs.

GUATEMALANS- the people, the main population of Guatemala (over 5.6 million people). The total number of 5.68 million people. (1992). Mainly Spanish-Indian mestizos (Ladino). They speak a Guatemalan dialect of Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

HERERO(ovagerero) - the people of the Bantu group in Namibia (200 thousand people), Angola, Botswana and South Africa. The total number of 270 thousand people. (1992). In terms of religion, some are Protestant, some retain traditional beliefs.

GERMANO- SWISS- people in Switzerland (4.22 million people, 1992). They also live in the USA (200 thousand people), Germany, Canada, Great Britain, France, etc. The total number is 4.58 million people. The language is the Swiss variant of the German language. Believers are Calvinists, part of the Catholics.

GILYANTS- people in Iran (the historical region of Gilan); 3.3 million people (1992). The language of the Iranian group. Believers are mostly Shia Muslims.

DUTCH(Dutch) - the people, the main population of the Netherlands (12.05 million people). The total number of 13.27 million people. (1992). Dutch language. Believers are mostly Protestants (Calvinists, Mennonites), Catholics.

HONDURAN- people, the main population of Honduras (5.15 million people). The total number of 5.24 million people. (1992). Mainly Spanish-Indian mestizos (Ladino). They speak the local variety of Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

GONDS- the people of the Dravidian group in India; 3.8 million people (1992). Believers are mostly Hindus, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

HOTTENTOTS(self-named - Khoi-Koin) - people in Namibia, Botswana and South Africa, the indigenous population South Africa. The total number of 130 thousand people, incl. in Namibia 102 thousand people. (1992). They speak the Gotten Toth languages. Believers are mostly Protestants.

GREEKS(self-named - Hellenes) - the people, the main population of Greece (9.72 million people). The total number of 12.4 million people. (1992). They also live in Cyprus (570 thousand people), in the USA (550 thousand people), Germany (300 thousand people), in the Russian Federation (92 thousand people), etc. The language is Greek (Modern Greek ). Believers are mostly Orthodox.

GRENADIANS- the people, the main population of Grenada. Number of 105 thousand people. (1992). Language Grenadian Creole (based on English). Believers are mostly Catholics, there are Protestants.

GEORGIANS(self-named - kartveli) - the people, the main population of Georgia (3.787 million people). In the Russian Federation, 130.7 thousand people. (1992). The total number of 4.14 million people. Ethnographic groups: Adjarians, Gurians, Imeretins, Kartlians, Kakhetins, Khevsurs, Mingrelians, Svans, Lazs, Javakhs, etc. The language is Georgian. Believers are mostly Orthodox.

GUARANI- Indian people of the Tupi-Guarani group in Paraguay; 30 thousand people (1987). Participate in the formation of modern Paraguayans. Guarani language. Religiously Catholic.

GUAJIRO(goahiro, self-named - vayuu) - the Indian people of the Arawak group, living on the Guajira peninsula. The number in Colombia is 200 thousand people. (1992), Venezuela 65 thousand people, small groups in Panama and the Antilles. They adhere mainly to traditional beliefs, there are Catholics.

GUJAR(self-designation) - an ethnic community in India and in the east of Pakistan, 1 million people. (1992). The language of the Indo-Iranian group. Believers are mostly Ikduists, there are Sunni Muslims.

GUJARATIS- people in India (46 million people), the main population of the state of Gujarat. They also live in Pakistan. The total number of 47 million people. (1992). Gujarati language. Believers are mostly Hindus, there are Sunni Muslims and Jains.

GURAGE(self-named) - a group of peoples in Ethiopia; 2.6 million people (1992). Semitic language. By religion, they are mostly Sunni Muslims, there are Christians (mostly Monophysites) and adherents of other religious beliefs.

GOURMA(gurmantche, self-named - binumba) - people in Togo, Ghana, Burki on Faso and the border regions of Benin and Niger; 1.52 million people (1992). The language of the Gur subfamily. They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Sunni Muslims.

HURONS(self-name - vendat) - the Indian people of the Iroquois group in Canada (mainly the Lauretville reservation in the province of Quebec); OK. 1 thousand people Religiously Catholic. They constituted an alliance of tribes, which entered in the middle of the 17th century. to the Iroquois League.

GURUNG- people in Nepal (300 thousand people, 1992) and Bhutan (250 thousand people), small groups - in India. The language of the Sino-Tibetan family. Believers are Buddhists.

Hutsuls — ethnographic group Ukrainians. They live in the Carpathians (Ivano-Frankivsk, Chernivtsi and Transcarpathian regions of Ukraine).

GELs(gaels, goydels, highlanders) - an ethnographic group of Scots in the highlands in the north-west of Scotland and the Hebrides; 80 thousand people (1992). Gaelic language. Believers are Catholics.

DAKOTA(self-named) - the Indian people of the Sioux group in the USA (reservations in the states of South and North Dakota, Minnesota and Nebraska, 10 thousand people, 1992) and Canada (3 thousand people). Believers are mostly Christians (Protestants and Catholics).

DARGINS(self-name - dargan) - the people in Dagestan (st. 280.4 thousand people, 1992). In total, there are 353 thousand people in the Russian Federation. The total number (including the Kaitag and Kubachi people) is 365 thousand people. Dargin language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

DANES- the people, the main population of Denmark (about 5 million people). They also live in the USA, Canada, Germany, Sweden, Norway, etc. The total number is 5.6 million people. (1992). Danish language. Believers are mostly Lutherans.

DAURS(daturs, dahurs) - people in the north of China, 125 thousand people, (1992). Until the middle of the XVII century. lived in the upper reaches of the river. Cupid and in the valleys pp. Argun and Zeya. The language of the Mongolian group. Believers are shamanists.

DAYAKS- a group of peoples (Ngadzhu, Clementans, Ibans, Kenyas, etc.) in Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei, the indigenous population of about. Kaliman tan; 3.7 million people (1992). languages ​​of the Indonesian group. They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Christians and Sunni Muslims.

DELAWARE(self-named - Lenape) - the Indian people of the Algonqui group are new in the USA (states of New York, Wisconsin, Kansas, Oklahoma; 3 thousand people, 1992) and in Canada (reservations in the south of Ontario, I thousand people). Believers are Protestants (Moravian Brethren).

JATS- a group of tribes, at the beginning of our era. inhabiting the western regions of the Punjab, later forming the ethnic basis of the Punjabis and included in the Sikh community. In India, the Jats form an agricultural caste. Major uprisings of the Jats are known in the 17th - 18th centuries. Modern Jats live in northern India and Pakistan, 10 thousand people. (1992).

DEBTS(self-name - Dolgan, tya-kihi, sakha) - people in the Taimyr Autonomous Okrug (about 5 thousand people). In total, there are 7 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). Dolgan language.

DOMINICANS- the people, the main population of the Dominican Republic. The total number of 7.4 million people. (1992), incl. in the Dominican Republic 7.1 million people. They also live in the USA, in Haiti, etc. The language is the local version of Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

DOMINICANS- the people, the main population of Dominica; 70 thousand people (1992). The language is the local dialect of English. Believers are mostly Catholics.

DRAVIDIANS- a group of peoples (Telugu, Tamils, Malayali, Kannara, Gonds, Oraons, etc.) in India, mainly in the south, as well as in Pakistan and neighboring regions of Iran and Afghanistan (bragui). They belong to the South Indian race. Dravidian languages. Indigenous people of Hindustan.

DUALA(divala, duela) - people of the Bantu group in Cameroon; 1.4 million people (1992). Preserve traditional beliefs, some are Catholics.

DUN(self-name - gam, butam) ~ people in the south of China; 2.6 million people (1992). Thai family language.

DUNGAN(self-named - hui) - people in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, not a large part - in Uzbekistan; 70 thousand people (1992). Dungan language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

DONGSIAN- people in China (Gansu province), 295 thousand people. (1987). The language of the Mongolian group. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

JEWS(self-named - Yehudim, Idn) - people. Number of 13.62 million people. (1992), incl. in the USA ca. 6 million, Israel 4 million, Russian Federation 551 thousand people. (1992). Most speak the language of the country in which they live. Some Jews also speak Hebrew, Yiddish and other ethnic modifications of the languages ​​of neighboring peoples (Spanish, Arabic, Persian, etc.). Believers are mostly Jews. In the diaspora, there was a division into Ashkenazim and Sephardim.

EGYPTIANS(Arabs of Egypt) - the people, the main population of Egypt (54.2 million people). The total number of 54.6 million people. (1992). Arabic language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

SAME- a group of Indian peoples (bororo, komngang, konela, etc.) in Brazil; OK. 40 thousand people (1992). Family languages.

ZANDE(self-named - Azande) - the people in the Congo and the border regions of the Central African Republic and Sudan; 3.52 million people (1992), incl. 2.5 million people in the Congo. Zande language. Preserve traditional beliefs.

Zulu(Zulus, self-named - Amazulu) - people in South Africa They also live in Le Sotho, Mozambique and Swaziland; 8.22 million people, incl. in South Africa 7.9 million people. (1992). Zulu language. They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are adherents of syncretic cults.

IBIBIO(agbishera) - a people in the southeast of Nigeria (6.75 million people). The total number of 6.77 million people. (1992). The language is Ibibno, by religion - Christians, there are adherents of traditional beliefs.

IGBO(ibo) are a people in Nigeria. The total number of 21.6 million people. (1992). Igbo language. Believers are Christians (Protestants and Catholics), some adhere to traditional beliefs.

EIJO(Ijau) - people in Nigeria (2.15 million people). The total number of 2.17 million people. (1992). The language of half the Kwa family. Believers are mostly Christians (Protestants, some Catholics).

Izhorians(self-speaking - izuri) - people in the Russian Federation (in the Leningrad region, 449 people, 1992) and Estonia (306 people). Izhorian language. Believers are Orthodox.

ILOKI(Ilokans) - people in the Philippines (7.1 million people, 1992). Ilocan language. Believers are Catholics.

INGUSHI(self-named - galgai) - people in the Russian Federation. They live mainly in Ingushetia (over 215 thousand people, 1992), Chechnya, North Ossetia. The total number of 237 thousand people. (1992). Ingush language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

INDIANS- the indigenous population of America (except for the Eskimos and Aleuts); 35 million people (1992). Largest nations- Quechua, Aymara, Aztecs, Maya, Guarani, Araucans, etc. As a result of the European colonization of America, many tribes were completely or partially exterminated, pushed back to other areas. In the USA and Canada they live mainly on reservations. Bolivia and Guatemala make up the majority of the population. Heavily mismatched. They speak Indian languages, a significant part also in Spanish (Latin America) and English (North America) languages. Believers - Catholics, Protestants, there are adherents of syncretic cults and traditional beliefs.

INDO- PAKMETANS- the general name of immigrants from South Asia (mainly from India and Pakistan) outside Hindustan. They speak mainly the language of the country of residence, Hindi, Tamil. Believers are mainly Hindus, Sunni Muslims, Sikhs, Jains.

JORDANIS(Arabs of Jordan) - the people, the main population of Jordan. The total number in Jordan is 2 million people. (1992), in Kuwait 350 thousand people. Arabic language. Believers are Sunni Muslims, some are Christians.

IRAQIS(Arabs of Iraq) - the people, the main population of Iraq (14.5 million people). The total number of 14.6 million people. (1992). They speak Iraqi Arabic. Believers are Sunni Muslims (mainly in the north) and Shiites (in the south).

IRISH(self-named - Erinnah) - the people, the main population of Ireland (3.4 million people). They also live in the UK (2.5 million people), the USA, Canada, etc. The total number is 7.8 million people. (1992). Irish language. Believers are mostly Catholics.

IROquois- 1) a group of Indian peoples in the USA and Canada (properly, the Iroquois, Petuns, Hurons, Cherokees, etc.). Iroquois languages. Most of the peoples were assimilated in the 17th-18th centuries. actually the Iroquois. 2) The Iroquois proper (self-named Hodnosauni), the people of the Iroquois group in the USA (60 thousand people, 1992, the states of New York and Oklahoma) and Canada (30 thousand people, the provinces of Ontario and Quebec). They adhere to syncretic cults, there are Christians. In the XVI - XVII centuries. formed an alliance of the Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Onenla, Mohawk tribes (the so-called Iroquois League).

ICELANDS- the people, the main population of Iceland, 255 thousand people. (1992). They also live in Canada (30 thousand people), the USA (5 thousand people) and European countries. Icelandic language. Believers are Lutherans.

SPANISH- the people, the main population of Spain (27.6 million people). The total number of 29.0 million people. (1992). Spanish language. Believers are mostly Catholics.

ITALO- SWISS- people in Switzerland (230 thousand people, 1992). They also live in France, the USA, Argentina. The total number of 265 thousand people. Italian language. Believers are Catholics.

ITALIANS- the people, the main population of Italy (54.35 million people). The total number of 66.5 million people. (1992). Italian language. Ethnographic groups: Venetians, Piedmontese, Tuscans, Lombards, Ligurians, Calabrians, Sicilians, etc. They also live in the USA (8.5 million people), Argentina (1.35 million people), France (1.1 million people) and other countries. The believers are mostly Catholics.

ITELMENS— people in the Russian Federation, in the Kamchatka region; 2.4 thousand people (1992). Itelmen language. Believers are right glorious

YIZU(yi) - people in the south of China; 6.9 million people (1992). The language of the Sino-Tibetan family. Believers - Taoists, Confucians, some adhere to Traditional beliefs.

Yemenis(Arabs of Yemen) - the people, the main population of Yemen (12.3 million people, 1992); 1.4 million people live in Saudi Arabia. Arabic language. Believers are Muslims (Sunnis and Shiites).

YORUBA- the people of Nigeria (25.5 million people, 1992). They also live in Benin, Ghana, Togo and other African countries. The total number of 26.2 million people. (1992). Yoruba. By religion - Christians, there are Sunni Muslims and adherents of traditional beliefs.

kabardians(self-named - Adyge) - people in the Russian Federation, Kabardino-Balkaria (364 thousand people). They also live in the Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories and North Ossetia. In total, there are 386 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). The language is Kabardino-Circassian. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims, there are Orthodox.

KABILE- the people of the Berber group in the mountainous regions of Northern Algeria, 3 million people. (1992). Kabyle language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

KAJARS people in northern Iran. It goes back to one of the Kyzylbash tribes, 30 thousand people. (1987). The language of the Turkic group. By religion - Shia Muslims, part - Sunnis.

COSSACKS- ethno-class groups within the Russian and some other peoples. The total number in the Russian Federation is approx. 5 million people The language is Russian, bilingualism is common. Believers are Orthodox, there are representatives of other faiths.

KAZAKH(self-named - Cossack) - the people, the main population of Kazakhstan (St. 6.54 million people, 1992). They also live in Uzbekistan (808 thousand people), Turkmenistan (87 thousand people), Kyrgyzstan (37 thousand people), Tajikistan and the Russian Federation (635.9 thousand people); in China (1.115 million people, 1992), Mongolia (125 thousand people) and others. The total number is 9.42 million people. Kazakh language. The believers are non-Sunni Muslims.

KAINGANG- Indian peoples of the same group in Brazil, part in Paraguay, 20 thousand people. (1992). Believers are Catholics.

KAINGUA(Mbua) - Indian people of the Tupi-Guarani group in Paraguay (30 thousand people), in southern Brazil and northern Argentina. The total number of 55 thousand people. (1992). Believers are Catholics.

KAKCHIKELI- people in Guatemala, 350 thousand people. (1992). Kaqchike language. Believers are Catholics.

Kalmyks(self-name - halmg) - the people, the main population of Kalmykia (over 146 thousand people); in total in the Russian Federation 166 thousand people. (1992). Kalmyk language. Believers are Buddhists, there are Orthodox.

KAMBA(akamba) people in Kenya; 3.25 million people (1992). They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Christians.

CAMPA- Indian peoples of the Arawak group in Peru, 50 thousand people. (1993). Campa language. Believers are Catholics.

KANAKI(New Caledonians) - Melanesian people, the main population of New Caledonia, 60 thousand people. (1992). Believers are mostly Catholics, there are Calvinists, etc.

CANNARA(Kannada, self-named - Kannadiga) - people in India, the main population of the state of Karnataka, 35 million people. (1992). Kannada language. Believers are mostly Hindus, there are Sunni Muslims and Jains.

KANURI(beri-beri) - people in Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon and Chad. The total number of 6 million people, incl. in Nigeria 5.1 million people. (1992). Kanuri language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

KARAIM(self-named - Karaylar) - people in Ukraine (mainly in the Crimea) and in Lithuania; 2.6 thousand people (1989). Small groups also live in Poland. Karaite language.

KARAKALPAKI- people in Central Asia, mainly in Uzbekistan, in Karakalpakstan (412 thousand people, 1992); 5 thousand people also live in Afghanistan (1992). In the Russian Federation - 6 thousand people. Karakalpak language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

KARAT- an ethnographic group of Mordovians in Tatarstan.

KARACHAYS(self-named - Karachailyla) - people in Karachay-Cherkessia (129 thousand people) and the Stavropol Territory. In total, there are 150 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). Karachay-Balkarian language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

Karelians(self-named - karjala) - people in the Russian Federation, the indigenous population of Karelia (79 thousand people). They also live in Tver (23.2 thousand people) and some other regions. The total number of 131 thousand people. (1992). Karelian language. Believing Karelians are right glorious.

KARENS(self-name - pghanyo) - people in Myanmar and in the west of Thailand; 3.7 million people, incl. in Myanmar, St. 3.5 million people (1992). The language of the Sino-Tibetan family. Believers are mostly Buddhists, there are Christians (Baptists).

CATALONS- people in Spain (mainly in Catalonia); 7.5 million people They also live in Fraction, Italy and the countries of America. The total number of 8.16 million people. (1992). Catalan language. Believers are Catholics.

KACHARY- people in India (state of Assam), 1 million people. (1992). Tibeto-Burman language. Mostly Hindus.

KACHIN(jingpo, self-named - zhingpo) - people in Myanmar (675 thousand people, national area Kachin) and China, small groups - in Thailand, Laos and in the northeast of India. The total number of 810 thousand people. (1992). Kachinsky language. They preserve traditional beliefs, there are Buddhists and Christians (Baptists).

Qashqai(self-named - Qashqai) - people in Iran (Fars province), 780 thousand people. (1992), They speak a dialect of the Azerbaijani language. They are divided into tribes and groups, about half are nomads. Muslims are Shiites.

KASHMIRI(self-named - Kashmiri) - people in India, the main population of the states of Jammu and Kashmir, 4 million people. (1992). Kashmi Ri language. Mostly Sunni Muslims, there are Hindus.

KASHUB- an ethnographic group of Poles, living in the coastal part of Poland; they speak Kashubian dialects of Polish.

KWAKIUTLI(self-named - Kwakiutl) - Indian people of the Wa Kashey group in Canada, 1 thousand people. (1992). Religiously Protestants.

KEKCHI- Indian people in Guatemala (310 thousand people). They also live in El Salvador and Belize. The total number of 325 thousand people. (1992). The language of the Maya-Kiche family. Believers are Catholics.

KETS(former name - Yenisei Ostyaks, Yenisei) - people living in the Krasnoyarsk Territory (Russian Federation), along the middle and lower reaches of the Yenisei; 1.1 thousand people (1992). Ket language. Believers are Orthodox.

QUECHUA(Quichua) - Indian people in Peru (7.7 million people), Ecuador (4.3 million people) and Bolivia (2.47 million people). They also live in Argentina, Chile and Colombia. The total number of 14.87 million people. (1987). Descendants of the creators of the Inca civilization. Quechua language. Believers are Catholics.

KIKUYU(gikuyu, agikuyu) - the people of the Bantu group in Kenya, 6 million people. (1992). Kikuyu language. Most adhere to traditional beliefs, some are Catholics and adherents of syncretic cults.

KYRGYZS(self-named - Kyrgyz) - the people, the main population of Kyrgyzstan (2.23 million people). There are 175 thousand people in Uzbekistan, 64 thousand people in Tajikistan, and 42 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992); in China, 150 thousand people. (1987). Kyrgyz language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

KIRIBATI(self-named - Tungar) - Melanesian people, the main population of Kiribati (72 thousand people). They also live on neighboring islands. The total number of 78 thousand people. (1993). Believers are Protestants.

CHINESE(self-designation - han, hanzhen) - the people, the main population of the PRC (over 1.093 billion people). Total population approx. 1.125 billion people (1992). Chinese language. Believers - Buddhists, Taoists, Confucians, there are Christians, etc.

KICHE(self-named - kechelah) - Indian people in Guatemala, 300 thousand people. (1992). The language of the Maya-Kiche family. Believers are mostly Catholics.

COLOMBIANS- people, the main population of Colombia (32.5 million people). The total number of 34.5 million people. (1992). Mostly mestizos, some mulattos, creoles. They speak Colombian Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

COMANCHE(self-named - change) - the Indian people of the Shoshone group in the USA (reservations in southwestern Oklahoma), 6 thousand people. (1992). Believers are Protestants.

KOMI(obsolete name - Zyryans) - the people, the indigenous population of the Komi Republic (292 thousand people), in total there are 336 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). The Komi-Zyryan language. Believers are Orthodox.

KOMI- PERMYAKS- people in the Russian Federation (147 thousand people, 1992), incl. in the Komi-Permyatsky Autonomous Okrug 95 thousand people. The Komi language is Permyak. Believers are Orthodox.

CONGO(bakongo) - the people of the Bantu group, in the Congo (7.83 million people) and Angola (1.3 million people). They also live in Uganda, Gabon, etc. The total number is 9.2 million people. (1987). Congo language. Believers are mostly Christians (Catholics, some Protestants), there are adherents of traditional and syncretic cults.

COPTs- an ethno-confessional group of Egyptian Arabs who profess Christianity (mostly monophysites, there are units and Protestants). They live mainly in the cities of Upper Egypt, also in other countries of the Middle East; over 4 million people (1992). Then came the pre-Arab population of Egypt.

KORDOFANPEOPLES- a group of peoples (koalib, tegali, tagoy, kadugli-krongo, etc.) in Sudan (Kordofan plateau), 600 thousand people. (1992). Kordofanian languages. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

KOREANS(self-name - cho son saram) - the people, the main population of the DPRK (22.5 million people) and the Republic of Korea (44 million people). The total number is 70.2 million people (1992). In the Russian Federation 107 thousand people, Uzbekistan 183 thousand people, Kazakhstan 103.3 thousand people. (1992). Korean language. Believers are Buddhists, Confucians, there are Christians (Presbyterians).

CORSICANS- the people, the main population of. Corsica, 300 thousand people (1992). They speak dialects of Italian and French. Believers are Catholics.

KORYAKS- the people, the indigenous population of the Koryak Autonomous Okrug of the Russian Federation (7 thousand people). They also live in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and Magadan region. The total number of 9 thousand people. (1992). Koryak language. Believers are Orthodox.

KOSA(Amakosa, southern Zulu, Kaffir) - the people of the Bantu group in South Africa; 7.39 million people (1992). Kosa language. Believers are Christians.

COSTARICANS- the people, the main population of Costa Rica (St. 2.94 million people). The total number of 2.98 million people. (1992). Mainly descendants of immigrants from Spain, some are mestizos, blacks and mulattoes. They speak mostly Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics, blacks and mulattoes are Protestants.

KPELLE(kpese, gerze, pessi) - people in Liberia (600 thousand people, 1992) and Guinea (280 thousand people). The language of the Mande group. They adhere to traditional beliefs, some are Sunni Muslims, Christians and adherents of syncretic cults.

KRI- the people of the Algonquin group in Canada (provinces of Ontario, Mani Toba, Saskatchewan, Alberta), 70 thousand people. (1992). Believers are Catholics and Protestants (Anglicans).

SCREAMS- Indian people of the Muscovy group in the USA, 26 thousand people. (1992). Believers are Protestants.

CRIMEANTATARS- people in Ukraine (Crimea, Kherson region), as well as in Uzbekistan, the Russian Federation (Krasnodar and Stavropol regions). OK. 272 thousand people (1992), Crimean Tatar language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

KRYMCHAKS- people in the Crimea (Ukraine, 679 people, 1992) and the Russian Federation (about 330 people, mainly on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus). They speak a dialect of the Crimean Tatar language. Believers are Jews.

KUBACHINS(self-name - urbugan) - people in the Russian Federation (4 thousand people, 1992), incl. in Dagestan (2 thousand people). Dargin language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

CUBANS- people, the main population of Cuba (over 10.6 million people). The total number is 11.7 million people. (1992). They speak Cuban varieties of Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

Kumyks- people in Dagestan (232 thousand people). In total, there are 282 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). Kumyk language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

KUNA(self-named - Tule) - the Indian people of the Chibcha group in Panama, St. 50 thousand people (1992). Believers are Christians (Catholics and Protestants).

Kurds(self-designation - Kurd, Kurmanj) - people in Turkey (st. 7.5 million people), Iran (about 5.6 million people), Iraq (mainly the Kurdish Autonomous Region, 3.7 million people), Syria (over 745 thousand people, 1992) and in other countries. The total number of 18 million people. (1992). Kurdish language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims, there are adherents of syncretic cults (Yazidis, etc.).

KHASI- people in India (the state of Meghalaya) and neighboring areas of Bangladesh. The total number of 860 thousand people, incl. in India 770 thousand people. (1992). Khasi language. Believers - about half are Protestant Christians, the rest are Hindus and adherents of traditional beliefs.

KHMER(self-named - Khmer, Khmae) - the people, the main population of Cambodia (8.6 million people). They also live in Vietnam, Thailand and other countries. The total number of 10.35 million people. (1992). Khmer language. Believers are Buddhists.

KHMERMOUNTAIN- a group of peoples (Kuy, Sui, Banar, Sedang, etc.) in Cambodia, in the south of Vietnam and Laos and in Thailand, St. 1.6 million people (1992). Mon-Khmer languages. Believers are mostly Buddhists.

KHOND(kandha, self-named - kuenja) - people in India (state of Orissa), 920 thousand people. (1992). The language of the Dravidian family. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

LAKTS(Laki, Kazikumukhs) - people in Dagestan (92 thousand people). In total, there are 106 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). Lak language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

LAO(Laotians) - the people, the main population of Laos (2.95 million people). They also live in the north and northeast of Thailand (15 million people) and in other countries of Indochina. The total number of 18 million people. (1992). Lao language. Believers are Buddhists.

LATVIANS(self-named - latvieshi) - the people, the main population of Latvia (1.39 million people, 1992). There are 47 thousand people in the Russian Federation. The total number of 1.54 million people. (1992). The language is Latvian. Believers are mostly Protestants, some are Catholics.

LEVANTINES- an ethnographic group of Lebanese and Syrian Arabs, descendants of European settlers of the era of the Crusades, mixed with the local population. Arabic language.

LEZGINS(self-named - Lezgiar) - people in Dagestan (204 thousand people) and Azerbaijan (171 thousand people). There are 257 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). Lezgi language. Believers are Sunni Muslims, there are Shiites.

LENKA(self-name) - the Indian people of the Chibcha group in the southwest of Honduras (100 thousand people, 1992) and the north of El Salvador (10 thousand people). Spanish language. Believers are Catholics.

LI(self-named - barking) - people in China, the indigenous population of. Hainan, 860 thousand people (1992). Is the language. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

LEBANESE(Lebanese Arabs) - the people, the main population of Lebanon (2.25 million people). The total number of 2.36 million people. (1992). They speak Syro-Lebanese Arabic. Believers are Christians (Maronites, Melkites, Greek Orthodox, etc.) and Muslims (Sunnis, Shiites).

LIBYANS(Libyan Arabs) - the people, the main population of Libya (4.16 million people). The total number of 4.18 million people. (1992). They speak the Libyan dialect of Arabic. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

DO YOU- an ethnic group (135 people) in the Ventspils region of Latvia and in the Russian Federation (64 people, 1992). Liv language. Believers are Christians (Lutherans).

LITHOVANIANS(self-name - fly) - the people, the main population of Lithuania (2.924 million people, 1992). In the Russian Federation 70 thousand people, Latvia 34.6 thousand people; in the USA, St. 300 thousand people The total number of 3.45 million people. (1992). Lithuanian language. Believers are mostly Catholics.

LIECHTENSTEINS- people, the main population of Liechtenstein, approx. 30 thousand people (1993). The language is German. Most believers are Catholics.

LOZI(balozi, rotse, barotse) - people in Zambia, 850 thousand people. (1992). They also live in Botswana (10 thousand people). They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Christians, adherents of syncretic cults.

LUBA(baluba) - people in the Congo (7.1 million people). They also live in the north of Zambia, in Tanzania and Rwanda. The total number of 7.15 million people. (1992). Luba language. Believers are mostly Catholics, there are non-Sunni Muslims and adherents of traditional beliefs.

LUZHYANS(Lusatian Serbs, Sorbs, Wends) - people in Germany, 100 thousand people. (1992). Lusatian language. Believers are mostly Lutherans, there are Catholics.

LUND(balunda) - people in the Congo, Zambia and Angola; 1.03 million people (1992). Believers are mostly Christians, some retain traditional beliefs.

LUO- 1) a group of peoples in Africa. They are divided into Northern Luo (Shilluk, Anuak, etc.) in southern Sudan, and Southern Luo (Luo, Alur, Acholi, etc.) in Uganda, Congo, Tanzania, Kenya, and others. Saharan languages. 2) Actually, the Luo (self-named Joluo) is the people of the Luo group in Kenya (3.25 million people) and Tanzania. The total number of 3.47 million people. (1992). They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Christians (mostly Catholics) and Sunni Muslims.

LURS- people in Iran (2.8 million people, mainly in the historical regions of Little Luristan and Fars). They also live in Iraq. The total number of 2.86 million people. (1992). The language of the Iranian group. Believers - Muslims - Shiites.

LUHYA(self-named - abaluya) - people in Kenya (4 million people). They also live in Tanzania. The total number of 4.75 million people. (1992). They adhere to traditional beliefs. There are Catholics.

LUXEMBURGERS people, the main population of Luxembourg. They also live in Italy, Germany and France. The total number of 285 thousand people. (1992). Believers are mostly Catholics, there are Protestants.

MOORS(Mauritanians, self-named - beydan) - the people, the main population of Mauritania (1.75 million people). They also live in Western Sahara, Mali, Niger, etc. The total number is 2.46 million people. (1992). Descendants of the Berbers who mixed with the Arabs. They speak a dialect of the Arabic language (Hasania). Believers are Sunni Muslims.

MOORSLANKAN(larakalla) - an ethnic group in Sri Lanka (mainly in cities) - descendants from marriages of Arabs (who moved in the 7th - 12th centuries) with Sinhalese and Tamil women; 1.25 million people (1992). They speak Sinhala, Tamil and Arabic. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

Madurians- the people in Indonesia (the island of Madura and the eastern part of the island of Java); 10.8 million people (1987). The language of the Indonesian branch. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

MAZANDERANS(Mazanderans) - people in Iran (Mazenderan); 2.2 million people (1992). The language of the Iranian group. The believers are non-Shia Muslims.

MAYAN(Yucatecs) - an Indian people in Mexico, Guatemala (Yuca tan Peninsula) and Belize. Total 700 thousand people, incl. in Mexico 670 thousand people. (1992). Language of the Maya branch of the Maya-Kiche family. Believers are Catholics. The Mayan ancestors were the creators of one of the oldest civilizations in America (associated with the Olmec culture), which existed in the southeast of Mexico, Honduras, and Guatemala.

MACASAR(self-name - Mangkasarak) - people in Indonesia (southwest of Sulawesi); 2.6 million people (1992). The language of the Indonesian branch. The believers are Sunni Muslims.

MACEDONIANS- the people, the main population of Macedonia. The total number is 1.77 million people. (1992), incl. in Macedonia 1.63 million people. Macedonian language. Believers are Orthodox, there are Sunni Muslims.

MACUA(Wamakua) - the people of the Bantu group in Mozambique (over 6.9 million people, 1992), neighboring areas of Malawi (over 1.3 million people) and Tanzania (300 thousand people). Makua language. Preserve traditional beliefs, there are Sunni Muslims and Christians (mostly Catholics).

MALAWI- a group of Bantu peoples, the main population of Malawi (over 6 million people). They also live in Mozambique, Zambia, and others. The total number is 9.35 million people. (1992). Malawi language. They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Christians, Sunni Muslims and adherents of syncretic cults.

Malagasy(Malgash) - the people, the main population of Madagascar; 12.79 million people (1992). Small groups live in Reunion, in the Seychelles, Comoros, etc. The language is Malagasy. Most retain traditional beliefs, there are Christians and Sunni Muslims.

MALAYS- an ethnic community in Malaysia (over 12.8 million people), Indonesia (mainly Kalimantan and Sumatra), Thailand, Singapore and Brunei. Total population approx. 21.3 million people (1992). Malay language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

MALAYALI- people in India, the main population of the state of Kerala. The total number of 35 million people. (1992). Malayalam language. Believers are mostly Hindus, there are Christians and Muslims.

MALDIVES(self-named - Dhivehi) - the people, the main population of the Maldives, 225 thousand people. (1992). The language of the Indo-Iranian branch. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

MALTESE- the people, the main population of Malta (355 thousand people). The total number of 490 thousand people. (1987). Maltese language. Believers are Catholics.

MAME(self-named - mom) - an Indian people in Guatemala (290 thousand people, 1992) and neighboring regions of Mexico (10 thousand people). The language of the Mayan family is Quiche. Believers are mostly Catholics.

MANIPURI(meithei) - the people of the Kukichin group in India, the main population of the state of Manipur; 1.4 million people (1992). Manipuri language. Believers are mostly Hindus, there are Christians (Protestants) and Sunni Muslims.

MANSI(obsolete - Voguls) - people in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug (6.6 thousand people). In total, there are 8.3 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1999). Mansi language. Believers are Orthodox.

MANCHURAS(self-named - Manchu Nyalma) - the people, the indigenous population of Northeast China, 10 million people. (1992). Manchu language. Believers are Buddhists and Taoists, Confucians.

MAORI(self-named) - Polynesian people in New Zealand, 320 thousand people. (1992). Maori language. Believers are Christians (about Protestants and Catholics).

MARATHI(self-named - Maratha) - people in India, the main population of the state of Maharashtra; 66.5 million people (1992). Marathi language. Bef hzshie - mostly Hindus, there are Muslims (mostly Shiites), Buddhists, Catholics.

MARI(self-named - Mari, obsolete - Cheremis) - the people, the indigenous population of the Mari Republic (324 thousand people) and neighboring regions of the Volga and Urals. In total, there are 644 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). Mari language. Believers are Orthodox.

MOROCCANS (Moroccan Arabs) - the people, the main population of Morocco (19.4 million people). The total number of 20.35 million people. (1992). They speak a dialect of Arabic. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

Masai(Maasai) - the people of the Nilotic group in Kenya and Tanzania, 670 thousand people. (1992). Maasai language. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

MAZATEQI- Indian people in Mexico (mountainous regions of the state of Oaxaca), 130 thousand people. (1992). The language of the Otomi-Mishteco-Zapotec family. Religion is mostly Catholic.

MASAHUA(self-named - nyatko) - an Indian people in Mexico (mountainous regions in the west of the state of Mexico and the east of the state of Mi choacan), 120 thousand people. (1992). The language of the Otomi-Mishteco-Zapotec family. Religion is mostly Catholic.

MATABELE(matebele, self-named - amandebele) - people in Zimbabwe; 1.65 million people (1992) and South Africa (910 thousand people). Xin-debele language. They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Christians.

MEXICANS- the people, the main population of Mexico (78 million people. 1992) and neighboring regions of the United States (13 million people); mostly mestizos. Spanish language. Believers are mostly Catholics.

MELANESIANS- a group of peoples (the largest are the Fijians, Kanaks, etc.), the indigenous population of Melanesia; 1.7 million people (1992). Melanesian languages. Believers - Protestants, Catholics, there are adherents of traditional beliefs.

MENDE- people in the east of Sierra Leone (about 1, 32 million people, 1987) and the border regions of Liberia (over 10 thousand people). The language of the Mande group. Most adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Sunni Muslims and Protestants.

MENOMINI(self-named) - the Indian people of the Algonquin group in the USA (reservation in Wisconsin, about half in cities), St. 43 thousand people (1987). Religiously Catholic.

MICMAKI- Indian people of the Algonquin group in Canada (reservations in the provinces of Quebec, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island), 12.5 thousand people. (1987). Believers are Protestants and Catholics.

MICRONESIANS- a group of peoples (Kiribati, Truk, Marshallese, etc.), the indigenous population of Micronesia; 220 thousand people (1992). Micronesian languages. Believers - Catholics, Protestants, adhere to traditional beliefs.

MINANGKABAU(self-designation) - people in Indonesia (6.98 million people, mainly in the west of Sumatra). The total number of 7 million people. (1992). The language of the Indonesian branch. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

MISKITO(mosquito) - an Indian people in Nicaragua (150 thousand people, 4992) and Honduras (10 thousand people). The language of the Miskito-Matagalpa family. Believers are Christians (mostly Moravian brothers).

MISHTEKI- Indian people in Mexico (mainly in the north and west of the state of Oaxaca). 260 thousand people (1992). The language of the Otomi-Mishteco-Zapotec family. Believers are Catholics.

MOHICANS- Indian people of the Algonquin group in the USA (several hundred people in the Stockbridge reservation, Wisconsin).

MOGULS- people in the north of Afghanistan, 20 thousand people. (1992). Descendants of the Mongol conquerors of the 13th century, mixed with the local population. The language of the Mongolian group. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

MOKSHA- ethnographic group of Mordovians. Moksha language.

MOLDOVANS(self-named - Moldovan) - the people, the main population of Moldova (2.8 million people). They also live in Ukraine (324.5 thousand people), in the Russian Federation (172.7 thousand people, 1992). The total number of 3.35 million people. Moldovan language. Believers are Orthodox.

MONGO(mongo-ikundo) - people in Zaire. Number of 4.75 million people. (1992). According to religion - part of the Catholics, the rest adhere to traditional beliefs.

MONGOLS(Khalkha-Mongols) - the people, the main population of Mongolia; 1.64 million people (1992). Mongolian language. They also live in China (the Mongols of China; 5.24 million people). Believers are Buddhists.

MONTANIER-NASCAPI- Indian people of the Algonquin group in Canada (the provinces of Quebec and Newfoundland), 15 thousand people. (1992). Preserve traditional beliefs, there are Christians (Catholics and Anglicans).

MONS(Talain) - people in the south of Myanmar and in the south-west of Thailand, 820 thousand people. (1992). The language of the Mon-Khmer group. Believers are Buddhists.

MOUNTAIN MOUNTAIN- a group of peoples in the north of Indochina (Pala-ung, Wa, Banar, Mang. Sedang, etc.); 4.4 million people (1992). Mon-Khmer languages.

MORDVA (Mordovians) - the people, the indigenous population of Mordovia (313 thousand people). The number in the Russian Federation is 1.073 million people. (1992). The total number of 1.15 million people. They are divided into ethnographic groups Erzya and Moksha, Karataev and Teryukhan. Mordovian languages. Believers are Orthodox.

MORO- a group of peoples (Sulu. Samal, Maguindanao, Maranao, Yaka-ny, etc.) in the south of the Philippines; 1.97 million people (1992). languages ​​of the Indonesian group. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

MORU-MANGBETU- a group of peoples (moru, small and, logo, land. Mangbetu, etc.) in Zaire (1.25 million people, 1992) and Uganda (950 thousand people). The total number of 2.35 million people. The language of the Shari-Nile branch of the Nilo-Saharan family. They adhere mainly to traditional beliefs.

MOSI(Mossi) - people in Burkina Faso (4.9 million people, 1992), Ghana (2.5 million people) and Côte d "Ivoire (150 thousand people). The total number is 7.6 million people The language of the Gur subfamily Most adhere to traditional beliefs, some are Sunni Muslims.

MUNDA(self-named - well) - the people of the Munda group in India (mainly the state of Bihar); 2.03 million people (1992). OK. 20 thousand people also live in Bangladesh. Mundari language. They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Hindus and Christians.

MUSKOGI- Indian people in the USA, 8 thousand people. (1992). Muscogee language. Believers are Protestants.

MYANMAR(Burmese) - the people, the main population of Myanmar (ev 30 million people). They also live in India, Cambodia, Laos, etc. The total number is 30.28 million people. (1987). Burmese language. Believers are mostly Buddhists.

MNA(Meo, self-named - Hmong) - people in southern China, northern Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar and Thailand; 8.53 million people, incl. in China 7.65 million people. (1992). The language of the Miao-Yao group. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

Navajo(self-named - Dene) - Indian people of the Atapas-Kbv group in the USA, 170 thousand people. (1987). Believers are Christians, there are followers of syncretic cults.

NAGA - a group of peoples (ao. Sema, Angama, etc.) in India, the main population of the state of Nagaland. They also live in the states of Manipur and Assam and neighboring areas of Myanmar. The total number of 1.12 thousand people. (1992). Naga language. By religion, some are Christians, the rest adhere to traditional beliefs.

NAGAYBAKI- an ethnographic group of Tatars, descendants of those baptized in the 16th century. Nogais. They live in Bashkiria and the Chelyabinsk region (Russian Federation). Number of 6 thousand people. (1992). Tatar language. Believers are Orthodox.

NAMBIQUARA- Indian peoples of the same group in Brazil (in the north of the state of Mato Grosso), 8 thousand people. (1987). Adhere to traditional beliefs.

NANAYS ( self-designation - nani, outdated. name - golds) - people, mainly in the Khabarovsk Territory (Russian Federation), 12 thousand people. (1992). The total number of 17 thousand people. Nanai language.

NGANASAN(self-named - nya) - people in the Krasnoyarsk Territory (Russian Federation); 1.3 thousand people (1992). Nganasan language. Believers are Orthodox, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

NGONI(Angoni. Mombera, Mgwangara) are a people in Malawi. Tanzania, Zambia and others (1.4 million people, 1992). Ngoni language. They adhere to traditional beliefs, some are Christians. NEVARS - people in Nepal (900 thousand people. 1992), part - in India (10 thousand people). Nswari language. By religion - Hindus and Buddhists, some adhere to traditional beliefs. NEGIDALTS (self-named - Elkan Beienin, obsolete - Orochons, Gilyaks) - people in the Khabarovsk Territory (Russian Federation). 587 people (1992). The language is Negidal. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

GERMANS- the people, the main population of Germany (over 74.6 million people). The total number of 86.0 million people. (1992), incl. in the Russian Federation 843 thousand people, in Kazakhstan 958 thousand people. (1992). The language is German. Believers are Protestants (mainly Lutherans) and Catholics.

Nenets(self-named - Khasova, obsolete - Samoyeds, Yuraks) - people in the Arkhangelsk and Tyumen regions, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory (Russian Federation). The total number of 34 thousand people. (1992). Nenets language. Believers are Orthodox, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

NEPALIS(Khass. Self-named - Nepali) - the people, the main population of Nepal (11.3 million people. 1992). They also live in India (2.1 million people). Nepalese language. Believers are Hindus.

NIVHI(self-name - Nivkh, obsolete - ^ Gilyaks) - the people in the Russian Federation ^ the indigenous population of the lower reaches of the river. Amur (Khabarovsk Territory) and about. Sakhalin; 4.6 thousand people (1992). Nivkh language. Believers are Orthodox, there are traditional beliefs.

NICARAGUANS- people, the main population of Nicaragua (3.5 million people). The total number of 3.6 million people. (1992). Mostly mestizos and creoles. Spanish language. Believers are mostly Catholics, some are Protestants (mainly in the east of the country).

NILOTS- a group of peoples (yainka, nuer, southern luo, bari, lotu-ko, maasai, find, pokot, etc.) in East Africa; 20.25 million people (1987). Nilotic languages.

NOGAIS(self-name - nogay) - people in the Russian Federation, mainly in the Stavropol Territory, in Dagestan, as well as in Karachay-Cherkessia, in Chechnya and Ingushetia; 75.2 thousand people (1992). Nogai language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

NORSE- the people, the main population of Norway (4.15 million people). The total number of 5 million people. (1992). Norwegian language. Believers are mostly Lutherans, there are Catholics.

NUBIANS(self-named - Nuba) - a people in southern Egypt (350 thousand people. 1992) and northern Sudan (2.2 million people), the indigenous population of Nubia. Nubian language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

NUPE(self-named - nupensizi) - people in Nigeria; 1.5 million people, (1992). Kwa language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

NURISTANS(kafirs) - a group of related tribes (kati, weigali, ashkuni, prasun) in the northeast of Afghanistan (150 thousand people, 1992) and in neighboring areas of Pakistan (10 thousand people). Nuristani languages. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

NUTKA- Indian people of the Wakashi group in Canada (the coast of Vancouver Island), part - in the USA (Washington State). The total number of 2 thousand people. (1992). Believers are Christians.

NUER(self-named - naas) - the people of the Nilotic group in southern Sudan (1.6 million people. 1992) and in neighboring areas of Ethiopia (100 thousand people). Nuer language. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

NYAMWEZI(self-named - wanyamvszi) - people in Tanzania. The number, together with related sukuma and nyatura, is 4.5 million people. (1992). They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Sunni Muslims and Christians (mainly Catholics).

NYANKOLE(Hima) - people of the Bantu group in Uganda; 1.5 million people (1992). They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Christians.

OVAMBO(ambo) - the people of the Bantu group in Namibia (750 thousand people. 1992) and Angola (240 thousand people). Believers are Christians (mostly Lutherans).

OVIMBUNDU(mbundu) - people of the Bantu group in Angola; 3.7 million people (1992). Believers are Catholics and Protestants, some retain traditional beliefs.

OJIBWE(Chippewa) - the Indian people of the Algonquin group in the USA (10 thousand people, 1992) and Canada (20 thousand people). Believers are mostly Catholics.

OIRAT- a group of Western Mongolian peoples (Derbets, Bayats, Torguts, Olets, Zakhchins, etc.). The number in Mongolia is 145 thousand people. (1992), China has 25 thousand people. Oirat language. Believers - / schi - Buddhists.

OMANTS(Arabs of Oman) - the people, the main population of Oman. Number of 1.5 million people. (1992). They also live in1 Kuwait (100 thousand people). Arabic language. Believers are Muslims (Kharijis-you-Ibalites, Sunnis, adherents of Wahhabism).

ORAONS(self-named - kurukh) - people in India (2 million people, 1992). St. 10 thousand people. lives in Bangladesh. The language of the Dravidian family. Most believers adhere to traditional beliefs, some are Christians.

ORIA(utkali) - people in India, the main population of the state of Orissa (32.2 million people. 1992). OK. 50 thousand people live in Bangladesh. Oriya language. Believers are Hindus.

OROC(self-named - ulta, ulcha) - people in the Russian Federation (on Sakhalin Island): 0.2 thousand people. (1992). Orok language. Believers are Orthodox.

OROMO(Galla) - the people of the Kushite group in Ethiopia (20.3 million people, 1992) and neighboring regions of Kenya (over 200 thousand people), Eritrea and Sudan. The total number of 20.6 million people. (1992). Oromo language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims, there are Christians (monophysites, Lutherans, Catholics).

OROCHI ( self-designation - Orochisel) - people in the Russian Federation (Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories), 883 thousand people. (1992). Oroch language. Believers are Orthodox, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

OSSETIANS(self-name - iron, digoron) - people in the Russian Federation (402.6 thousand people, including 335 thousand people in North Ossetia) and Georgia (164 thousand people, including in South Ossetia 65 thousand people, 1992). The total number of 598 thousand people. (1992). Ossetian language. Believers are mostly Orthodox, there are Sunni Muslims.

OTOMIE(self-name - nian niu) - an Indian people in Mexico (300 thousand people, 1992). The language of the Otomi-Mishteco-Sapot family. Believers are mostly Catholics, there are Protestants.

PALESTINIAN ARAB(Palestinians) - the people, the indigenous population of Palestine. The total number of 5.5 million people. (1992): in Israel, St. 826 thousand people, on the West Bank of the river. Jordan 973 thousand people, Gaza St. 645 thousand people, in Jordan 2.23 million people, as well as refugees in a number of countries. Arabic language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

PAMIR PEOPLES(Pamir Tajiks, Pamirs) - ethnographic groups of Tajiks in Tajikistan (Yazgulsmiy, Rushans, Bartangs, Shugnans, Ishkaishms, Vakhans). Afghanistan (Munjans, Zsbashs, etc.), Pakistan (Yidga and Munjans), and China (Sarykolysh and Wahani). Number of 300 thousand people. (1992). Pamir languages. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

PAMPANGANS- people in the Philippines (central and southwestern parts of Luzon), 2 million people. (1992). The language of the Indonesian branch. Believers are mostly Catholics.

PANAMIANS- the people, the main population of Panama (approx. 2.23 million people). The total number of 2.3 million people. (1992). Mostly mestizos and mulattoes. Spanish language. Believers are mostly Catholics.

PANGASINANS- people in the Philippines (province of Pangasi-nan, Luzon Island); 1.45 million people (1992). The language of the Indonesian branch. Believers are mostly Catholics.

PUNJABIS(Punjabis) - people in Pakistan (Punjab province, 82 million people, 1992) and India (Punjab state). Total population approx. 90 million people Punjabi. Punjabi believers in India are mostly Hindus, while those in Pakistan are mostly Sunni Muslims.

ANSP- a group of Indian peoples of the upper Amazon (Guaykuru, Chama, Cashinahua, Chacobo, etc.). They live in the east of Peru (30 thousand people, 1992), the west of Brazil (up to 1 thousand people) and the north of Bolivia (1 thousand people). Pan languages. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

PAPUAN- a group of peoples, the indigenous population of Western Melanesia (enga, chimbu, hagen, kamano, huli, etc.); 4.8 million people (1992). They speak Papuan languages. First studied by N.N.Miklukho-Maclay.

PARAGUANIS- the people, the main population of Paraguay (4.12 million people). The total number of 4.5 million people. (1992). Mostly mestizos. They speak Spanish and Guarani. Believers are Catholics.

PAHARI- a group of peoples in the north-west of India (Kumaoni, Garkhvali, etc.), 3 million people. (1992). The language of the Indian group. The believers are mostly Hindus.

PEDI(Bapsdi, Northern Suthos) are the people of the Bantu group in South Africa and neighboring regions of Zimbabwe and Botswana. Number of 2.85 million people. (1987), incl. in South Africa ca. 2.76 million people They adhere to traditional beliefs, some are Christians (Protestants).

PENUTI- a group of Indian peoples (Tsimshians, Sahaptins, etc.) in the western United States (10 thousand people. 1992). Penuti language. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

PERSIANS(Farsi, self-named - Irani) - people in Iran (21.3 million people). The total number of St. 21.9 million people (1987). Persian language. By religion they are Shia Muslims.

PERUANS- people, the main population of Peru (about 13.7 million people). The total number of 13.82 million people. (1992). Mostly mestizos and mulattoes. Spanish and Quechua languages. Believers are mostly Catholics.

PIPIL(self-named - maseual) - an Indian people in El Salvador. 155 thousand people (1992). The language of the Aztec-Tanoan family. By religion they are Catholics.

POLYNESIANS- a group of peoples (Maori, Samoans, Tongans, Tahitians, etc.), the indigenous population of Polynesia; 1.12 million people (1992). Polynesian languages. Believers are Catholics, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

POLES- the people, the main population of Poland (over 37.75 million people). The total number of 44.2 million people. (1992), incl. in the Russian Federation 94.6 thousand people, in Ukraine 219.2 thousand people, in Lithuania 258 thousand people, in Belarus 417.7 thousand people. Polish language. Believers are mostly Catholics.

PORTUGUESE- the people, the main population of Portugal (9.8 million people). The total number of 13.44 million people. (1992). The language is Portuguese. Believers are mostly Catholics.

PUEBLO- a group of Indian peoples (Hopi, Zuni, Keres, Tano) in the southwestern United States (New Mexico and Arizona), 32 thousand people. (1987). Languages ​​of the Uto-Aztecan family, the Xrss language is close to the Jocaltec languages.

PUERTORICANS- the people, the main population of Puerto Rico; 3.55 million people (1992). They also live in the USA (2.22 million people). Mostly Creoles, mulattoes and blacks. They speak a local variety of Spanish. Believers are mostly Catholics.

RAJASTHANIS- people in India, the main population of the state of Rajasthan (19.9 million people, 1992). They also live in Pakistan (400 thousand people). The language of the Indo-Iranian group. The believers are mostly Hindus.

RAETOROMANCERS- a group of peoples in Italy (Ladins and Friuls, 740 thousand people, 1992) and Switzerland (Romanches, 60 thousand people). Romansh language. Believers are Catholics and Protestants.

Reunion Creoles- the people, the main population of Reunion (400 thousand people. 1992). The language is creolized French. Believers are Catholics.

REEFS people in Morocco. Number of 1.25 million people. (1992). Reef language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

RWANDA(Nyarwanda, Banyarwanda) - the people of the Bantu group, the main population of Rwanda (7.1 million people). They also live in Zaire (over 3.9 million people), Uganda (1.1 million people), etc. The total number is 12.35 million people. (1992). Believers are mostly Catholics, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

ROMANIANS- people, the main population of Romania (20.66 million people). The total number of 21 million people. (1992), incl. in the Russian Federation approx. 6 thousand people Romanian language. Believers are mostly Orthodox.

RUNDI(self-named - Barundi) - the people of the Bantu group, the main. population of Burundi (4.5 million people). They also live in Zaire, Uga-de and Rwanda. The total number of 8 million people. (1992). Some are bent on traditional beliefs, some are Christians (mostly Catholics).

RUSSIAN- the people, the main population of the Russian Federation (over 119.87 million people). 11.35 million people in Ukraine, 6.23 million people in Kazakhstan, 1.65 million people in Uzbekistan, 1.34 million people in Belarus, 916.6 thousand people in Kyrgyzstan, 905.5 thousand people in Latvia people, Moldova 562 thousand people, Estonia 474.8 thousand people, Azerbaijan 392.3 thousand people, Tajikistan 388.5 thousand people, Lithuania 344.5 thousand people, Georgia 341, 2 thousand people, Turkmenistan 333.9 thousand people, Armenia 51.5 thousand people. (1989). They also live in the countries of America (mainly in the USA) and Western Europe. The total number of 146.5 million people. (1992). Russian language. Believers are mostly Orthodox.

RUTULYDY(self-named - myh abdyr) - people in Dagestan (Rutul and Akhtyn districts) and Azerbaijan (Nukhinsky district), 20 thousand people. (1992). Rutulian language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

SAAMI(Lapps) - people in the northern regions of Norway (30 thousand people, 1992), Sweden (15 thousand people), Finland (5 thousand people) and the Russian Federation (2 thousand people). Sami language. Saami believers in the Russian Federation are Orthodox, in Scandinavia - Lutherans).

SALAR(self-named - salyr) - people in China (mainly in the province of Qinghai), 90 thousand people. (1992). Salar language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

SALVADOR- the people, the main population of El Salvador (St. 4.84 million people). The total number of 5.3 million people. (1992). Spanish language. Believers are Catholics.

SAMOANS- Polynesian people, the main population of the Samoa Islands (190 thousand people). They also live in New Zealand, Australia, etc. The total number is 335 thousand people. (1992). Believers are mostly Protestants.

SANTALS- the people of the Munda group in India (6.2 million people, mainly the states of Bihar and West Bengal). They also live in Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan. The total number of 6.3 million people. (1992). Santali language. Preserve traditional beliefs, some are Hindus.

SALOTEKI- Indian people in Mexico (Oaxaca), 350 thousand people. (1992). Zapotec language. Believers are Catholics.

SASAKI- people in Indonesia (Lombok island); 1.75 million people (1992). Sasak language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims, some retain traditional beliefs.

SAUDI(Arabs of Saudi Arabia) - the people, the main population of Saudi Arabia (13.25 million people, 1992). They also live in Kuwait (50 thousand people). Arabic language. Believers are Muslims (Sunnis and Shiites).

SWAZI(self-name - ama-swazi. ama-ngwane) - the people of the Bantu group, the main population of Swaziland (660 thousand people) and neighboring regions of South Africa (1.2 million people). They also live in Mozambique. The total number of 1.87 million people. (1992). Swazi language. Preserve traditional beliefs, some are Baptists.

SEYCHELLES(Creoles of the Seychelles) - the people, the main population of the Republic of Seychelles. Number of 65 thousand people. (1992). Kriol language. Believers - Catholics, Anglicans.

SECCLAIRS(Székely) - an ethnographic group of Hungarians in Transylvania (Romania); 1.7 million people (1987).

SELISHI- a group of Indian peoples in southwestern Canada and the northwestern United States. St. 20 thousand people (1992). Slish languages. Believers are Christians.

SELCUPS(outdated name - Ostyako-Samoyeds) - people in the Russian Federation, the Tyumen and Tomsk regions and the Krasnoyarsk Territory; 3.6 thousand people (1992). Selkup language. Believers are Orthodox.

SEMANGI- a group of Negrito peoples (msnik, mehndi, etc.) in Malaysia and Thailand, approx. 8 thousand people (1992). Semang language. Preserve traditional beliefs.

SEMINOLES- Indian people of the Muscovy group in the states of Oklahoma and Florida (USA), St. 4 thousand people (1992). Christians.

SENOI- a group of peoples (semai, timiar, besisi, etc.) in Malaysia and Thailand, approx. 40 thousand people (1992). Languages ​​of the Malacca group of the Austroasiatic family. Preserve traditional beliefs, there are Sunni Muslims.

SAINTVINCENTS- the people, the main population of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (105 thousand people. 1992). The language is the local dialect of English. Believers are Anglicans. Methodists, some are Catholics, there are adherents of traditional beliefs.

SAINTLUCIANS- the people, the main population of Saint Lucia (135 thousand people. 1992). The language is the local dialect of English. Believers are Catholics, some are Protestants, adherents of traditional beliefs.

SENUFO people in Mali. Burkina Faso and Côte d "Ivoire; 3.8 million people (1992). Senufo language. Preserve traditional beliefs, there are Sunni Muslims.

SERBS(self-named - srbi) - the people, the main population of Serbia and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The total number of 10.16 million people, incl. in Serbia, St. 6.7 million people (1992). The language is Serbo-Croatian. Believing Serbs are Orthodox, there are Catholics and Protestants, Sunni Muslims.

SERER- the people in Senegal (1.32 million people, 1992) and the Gambia (over 10 thousand people). Sersr language Preserve traditional beliefs.

SETU- an ethnographic group of Estonians in the southeast of Estonia and in the Pechersk district of the Pskov region. Believers are Orthodox.

SEPhardi- a sub-ethnic group of Jews using the Ladino (Ssfardian) language close to Spanish. Descendants of immigrants from the Iberian Peninsula, live in the countries of North Africa, Asia Minor, the Balkan Peninsula, in Israel.

SIAMESE(Khontai) - the people of the Thai group, the main population of Thailand (29.5 million people). The total number of 29.7 million people. (1992). Siamese language. Buddhists.

SIKHI- a people who emerged from the Punjabis. The total population is 16.7 million people. (1992), incl. in India 16.5 million people. Punjabi language. Believers are Sikhs.

SINHALES(Sinhalese) - the people, the main population of the Republic of Sri Lanka (13.2 million people. 1992). The language is Sinhala. Believers are Buddhists

SINDHI- the people, the main population of the province of Sindh in Pakistan (16.8 million people), in the neighboring regions of India, St. 2 million people (1992). Sindhi language. Believers are Sunni Muslims, in India mostly Hindus.

SYRIANS(Arabs of Syria) - the people, the main population of Syria. The number in Syria is 11.75 million people. (1992). They also live in Kuwait (100 thousand people). The total population is 11.85 million people. Arabic language. Believers are Sunni Muslims, there are Shiites, Christians.

SNU- a group of Indian peoples (Dakota, Assiniboine, Crow, Ossj, etc.) in the USA and Canada. 70 thousand people (1992). They speak Sioux languages. Believers are Christians, there are adherents of traditional beliefs.

SLAVS- a group of peoples in Europe: eastern (Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians), western (Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, Lusatians), southern (Bulgarians, Serbs, Croats, Slovenes, Macedonians, Bosnians, Montenegrins). Population 293.5 million people (1992), incl. in the Russian Federation 125.5 million people Believers - Orthodox, Catholics, some Protestants. They speak Slavic languages.

SLOVAKIANS(self-named - Slovaks) - the people, the main population of Slovakia. Number of 5.6 million people, incl. in Slovakia ca. 4.5 million people (1992). Slovak language. Believers are Catholics, there are Protestants and Uniates.

SLOVENES(self-named - Slovenia) - the people, the main population of Slovenia. Number of 2.3 million people. (1992), of which 1.7 million people live in Slovenia. Slovenian language. Believers are Catholics, there are Protestants and Orthodox.

SOMALIS(Somali) - the people, the main population of Somalia (6.1 million people). They also live in Ethiopia, Kenya and others. The total number is 7.7 million people. (1992). Somali language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

SONGAY- people in Niger, Mali, Burkina Faso, Nigeria and Benin; 1.6 million people (1992). Songei language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

SONINKE- one of the Mandingo peoples in Mali, Burkina Faso, Senegal, Mauritania, Gambia; 1.37 million people (1992). The language of the Mande group. Believers are Sunni Muslims, some are Catholics.

SWAHILI(Vasuahili) - the people of the Bantu group in Tanzania (2.06 million people), Mozambique, Zaire and others. The total number is 2.4 million people. (1992). Swahili language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

SUDANESE(Arabs of Sudan) - the people, the main population of Sudan (about 13 million people). They also live in Chad (1.29 million people) and other countries. The total number of 14.3 million people. (1992). Believers are Sunni Muslims.

CHUNKS(Sundans, self-named - Sunda) - people in Indonesia, mainly in the west of about. Java; 24.5 million people (1992). Sundanese language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

SUSU(self-named - coco) - the people of the Mandingo group in Guinea, Sierra Leone; OK. 1.16 million people (1992). Susu language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

STO(Basotho) - the people of the Bantu group, the main population of Lesotho and neighboring regions of South Africa. The number of St. 4 million people (1992), of which in South Africa 2.44 million people, Lesotho 1.6 million people. They also live in Botswana. Suto language. Believers are Christians, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

TABASARANS- people in Dagestan (78.2 thousand people), in total in the Russian Federation 93.6 thousand people. (1992). The total number of 98 thousand people. Tabasaran language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

TAGALS(self-named - tagailog) - people in the Philippines, the main population of the central and southern parts of the island. Luzon; 15.4 million people (1992). Tagalog language. Believers are Catholics.

TAJIKS- the people, the main population of Tajikistan (3.172 million people), in the Russian Federation 38.2 thousand people. (1992). Tajik language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

TAI- a group of peoples (Siamese, Zhuang, Lao, Bui, Shan, Tai, etc.) in the countries of Indochina, South China and Northeast India; 70 million people (1992). Thai languages.

TAHITIAN- the people, the main population of. Tahiti and other islands of the Society; 130 thousand people (1992). The Tahitian language is a Polynesian group. Believers are Calvinists, some are Catholics.

TAY(bo) - people in South China, 1 million people. (1992). Thai language. Believers are Buddhists.

TALISHI- people in the southeast of Azerbaijan (21.1 thousand people, 1989) and in the north of Iran (100 thousand people, 1992). Talysh language. Believers are Shia Muslims, some are Sunnis.

TAMIL- people in India (the main population of the state of Tamil Nadu). 61 million people (1992); in the north of Sri Lanka ca. 2.8 million people They also live in Singapore and others. The total number is 64.1 million people. Tamil language. Believers are Hindus, there are Sunni Muslims and Christians.

TARASKY(self-name - purepecha) - Indian people in Mexico, 65 thousand people. (1992). Tarasco language. Believers are Catholics.

TATARS(self-named - Tatars) - the people, the main population of Tataria (1.765 million people, 1992). They also live in Bashkiria, the Mari Republic, Mordovia, Udmurtia, Chuvashia, Nizhny Novgorod, Kirov, Penza and other regions of the Russian Federation. Tatars are also called Turkic-speaking communities of Siberia ( Siberian Tatars), Crimea (Crimean Tatars), etc. The total number is 6.71 million people, of which in the Russian Federation (excluding Crimean Tatars) 5.52 million people. (1992). Tatar language. Believing Tatars are Sunni Muslims.

TATS- people in the Russian Federation (mainly in Dagestan - 12.9 thousand people; only 19.4 thousand people, 1992) and Azerbaijan (10.2 thousand people). The language is Tat. Believers are Judaists, Sunni Muslims, Monophysite Christians.

TEKE(Bateke, self-named - thio) - the people of the Bantu group in Zaire (1.05 million people, 1992), Congo (410 thousand people) and Gabon (about 20 thousand people). Believers are mostly Catholics, some retain traditional beliefs.

TELUGU(andhra) - people in India, the main population of the state of Andhra Pradesh. They also live in the states of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka; 74.5 million people (1992). Telugu. Believers are mostly Hindus, some are Sunni Muslims.

DARK(self-named - atemne) - people in Sierra Leone; 1.55 million people (1992). The language of the Niger-Congo branch. Most adhere to traditional beliefs.

TESO(self-named - iteso) - the people of the Nilotic group in Uganda (1.55 million people, 1992) and neighboring regions of Kenya (270 thousand people) and Sudan (about 100 thousand people). Teso language. Most retain traditional beliefs, there are Christians.

TIBETS(self-named - pyoba) - a people in southwestern China (Tibet and neighboring regions; 4.75 million people). They also live in India and Bhutan. The total number of 4.83 million people. (1992). Tibetan language. Believers are Buddhists.

TIV(self-named - Munshi) - people in Nigeria (2.7 million people, 1992) and Cameroon (300 thousand people). Tiv language. Most retain traditional beliefs, there are Christians and Sunni Muslims.

TIGRAI people in Ethiopia and Eritrea. The total number of 4 million people. (1992), incl. in Ethiopia 2.2 million people. Tigray language. Believers are mostly monophysite Christians, there are Sunni Muslims.

TIGRE- people in Eritrea (1.2 million people, 1992). Tiger language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims, some are Christians.

Tlingit(self-named - Tlingit) - an Indian people in the USA (southeast of Alaska) and Canada (Yukon Territory), only approx. 1 thousand people (1992). The language of the Na-Dene family. Believers are Christians (mostly Orthodox).

TONGA- people of the Bantu group in Zambia and Zimbabwe; 1.65 million people (1992). Most believers retain traditional beliefs, there are Christians and Sunni Muslims.

TONGA- people, the main population of Tonga, 105 thousand people. (1992). They also live in Australia. The language of the Polynesian group. Believers - Christians (mostly Methodists), part of the Catholics.

TORAJI- a group of peoples (Sadangi, Poso, Koro, Palu, etc.) in Indonesia (the central part of Sulawesi Island); 1.5 million people (1992). They speak Indonesian. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims and Protestant Christians.

TOTONAKI- Indian people in Mexico, 200 thousand people. (1992). The language is related to the Penuti languages. Believers are Catholics.

TOFALAR(self-name - tofa, outdated name - karagasy) - people in the Nizhneudinsky district of the Irkutsk region; OK. 700 people (1992). The language of the Turkic group. Believers are Orthodox.

TSWANA(Chuana. Bschuans) - the people of the Bantu group, the main population of Botswana, 1 million people. (1992). They also live in neighboring regions of South Africa (about 3.7 million people), in Zimbabwe and Namibia. Setswana language. Most retain traditional beliefs, there are Christians.

TSONGA(self-named - batsonga) - the people of the Bantu group in southern Mozambique (3.5 million people, 1992), in neighboring regions of South Africa (1.4 million people), etc. The total number is 5.3 million people. Tsonga language. Some are Catholics, some adhere to traditional beliefs.

TUAREGI(self-named - imoschag) - the people of the Berber group in Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso, Algeria and Libya; 1.15 million people (1992), incl. in Mali St. 610 thousand people Tuareg languages. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

TUVANS(self-named - Tuva, outdated names - Soyots, Uriankhians, Tannu-Tuvans) - the people, the main population of Tuva (198.4 thousand people). In total, there are 206.2 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). The total number of 207 thousand people. (1992), also live in Mongolia and China. Tuvan language. Believers are Lamaists.

TUCANO(Betoya) - a group of Indian peoples (Korsguaje, Kuteo. Macuna, etc.) in Colombia, Brazil. Peru and Ecuador, 51 thousand people. (1992), incl. 30 thousand people in Colombia. They speak Tukano languages. Most believers retain traditional beliefs, there are Christians.

TULU- people in India, mainly in the west of the state of Tamil Nadu; 1.9 million people (1992). The language of the Dravidian family. Believers are Hindus.

TUNISIANS(Arabs of Tunisia) - the people, the main population of Tunisia (8.2 million people). The total number of 8.6 million people. (1992). Arabic language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

TUPI GUARANI- a group of Indian peoples (Guarani, Caingua, Guayaqui, Tupinamba, Munduruku, Siriono, etc.) in Paraguay, Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Guyana, etc., ISO thousand people. (1992). Tupi-Guarani languages. Believers adhere to traditional beliefs.

TURKS(self-named - Turk) - the people, the main population of Turkey (50 million people). The total number is 53.3 million people (1992). Turkish language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

TURKMEN(self-named - Turkmen) - the people, the main population of Turkmenistan (2.537 million people, 1992). They also live in Afghanistan, Iran, Turkey and other countries. The total number of 4.6 million people. Turkmen language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

TUJIA(self-named - biseka) - the people in China (the provinces of Hunan and Hubei); 5.9 million people (1992). The language of the Sino-Tibetan family.

TYAMY(chams, tyams) - people in Cambodia, Vietnam and Thailand, 290 thousand people. (1992). The language of the Indonesian group. Believers are mostly Hindus, there are Sunni Muslims in Cambodia.

UGR- a generalizing name for peoples related in language - the Trans-Ural Mansi and Khanty, the Danube Hungarians (Magyars). They speak the Ugric languages ​​\u200b\u200bof the Finno-Ugric group.

UDINA(self-named - udi) - the people in Azerbaijan (6.1 thousand people). The total number of 8 thousand people. (1992). In the Russian Federation, 1 thousand people. Udi language. Udi believers are Christians (monophisites and Orthodox).

UDMURT(self-name - Udmurt, old name - Votyak) - people, the indigenous population of Udmurtia (497 thousand people). The total number of 747 thousand people. (1992). Udmurt language. Believers are Orthodox.

UDEGE(self-named - udee, udehe) - people in the Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories of the Russian Federation (2 thousand people, 1992). Udege language.

UZBEKS(self-name - Uzbek) - the people, the main population of Uzbekistan (14.145 million people, 1992). They also live in Afghanistan (over 1.7 million people), Tajikistan (about 1.2 million people). Kazakhstan (332 thousand people), etc. The total number is 18.5 million people. Uzbek language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

UIGUR(self-named - Uighur) - people in China (7.5 million people, 1992). They also live in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, etc. The total number is 7.77 million people. Uighur language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

UKRAINIANS- the people, the main population of Ukraine (37.42 million people). In the Russian Federation 4362.8 thousand people, Kazakhstan 896.2 thousand people, Moldova 600.3 thousand people, Belarus 291 thousand people, Uzbekistan 153.2 thousand people, Kyrgyzstan 108 thousand people ., Latvia 92.1 thousand people; in Canada 530 thousand people, USA 500 thousand people. Poland 300 thousand people, Argentina 100 thousand people. The total number of 46 million people. (1992). Ukrainian language. Believers are Orthodox, part of the Uniate.

ULCHI(self-named - nani) - people in the Khabarovsk Territory of the Russian Federation (3.2 thousand people, 1992). Ulch language. Believers are mostly Orthodox.

URUGUANS- the people, the main population of Uruguay (2.7 million people). The total number of 2.83 million people. (1992). Spanish language. Believers are mostly Catholics.

WELSH(Welsh) - people in Great Britain, the main population of Wales (880 thousand people). They also live in the USA, Canada, etc. The total number is 1 million people. (1992). Welsh language. Believers are mostly Anglicans.

FANG(Pangwe, Pahuin) - a group of Bantu peoples (actually Fang, Yaounde, Mwele, etc.) in Cameroon (2.53 million people), Gabon and Equatorial Guinea. The total number of 3.25 million people. (1992). Mostly traditional beliefs are preserved, there are Christians.

Faroese- people, the main population of the Faroe Islands (40 thousand people, 1992). Faroese language. Believers are Lutherans.

FIJIANS- the people, the indigenous population of the Fiji Islands (340 thousand people, 1992). Fijian language. Believers are Protestants.

FINNS(self-name - suomalayset) - the people, the main population of Finland (4.65 million people). The total number of 5.43 million people. (1992), incl. in the Russian Federation 47.1 thousand people. (1989). Finnish language. Believers are Protestants (Lutherans).

FLEMISH- people in the north of Belgium (over 5.1 million people, 1992), in the Netherlands (1.72 million people), in other countries (about 250 thousand people). Flemish language. Believers are Catholics.

FRANCO CANADANS- the people in Canada (the province of Quebec, part of the provinces of Ontario and New Brunswick; 7.2 million people, 1992). They also live in the USA (over 2 million people). They speak Canadian French. Believers are mostly Catholics.

FRENCH PEOPLE people, the main population of France. OK. 47 million people (1992). French language. Believers are Catholics.

FRIULES(self-named - furlans) - people in Italy. Number of 720 thousand people. (1992). Romansh language. Believers are Catholics.

FULBE(Afuli, Fulani, Pol) are a people in Nigeria. Guinea. Senegal. Mali, Niger, Cameroon, Burkina Faso, Benin, Guinea-Bissau and others. Total 22.7 million people. (1992). including in Nigeria 14 million people. Fula language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

HAZAREANS(self-named - Khazars) - people in Afghanistan (1.7 million people, 1992) and Iran (220 thousand people). The language of the Iranian group. Believers are Shia Muslims.

KHAKAS(self-name - Khakass, obsolete names - Abakan or Minusinsk Tatars) - people in Khakassia (62.9 thousand people), in total in the Russian Federation 79 thousand people. (1989). Khakass language. Believers are Orthodox, traditional beliefs are preserved.

Khalkha(Khalkhas) - the people of the Mongols of modern Mongolia.

HANI- a group of peoples in China (over 1.3 million people) and the countries of Indochina. The total number of 1.48 million people. (1992). Lolo-Burmese languages.

Khanty(self-name - Khante, old name - Ostyaks) - people in the Khanty-Mansiysk (11.9 thousand people) and Yamalo-Nenets (7.2 thousand people) autonomous districts and the Tomsk region. In total, there are 22.3 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1989). Khanty language. Believers are Orthodox.

HOUSE- people in Nigeria (26 million people). Niger (4.3 million people) and others. The total number is 30.8 million people. (1992). Hausa language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

JIBARO(Shuara) - a group of Indian peoples in Peru (40 thousand people, 1992) and Ecuador (35 thousand people). Languages ​​of the Ando-Equatorial macrofamily. Believers are Catholics.

Hindustanis(Hindustani) - an ethnic community, the main population of India (St. 245 million people, 1992). St. 656 thousand people. outside of India. Consist of many local groups. Hindi. The believers are mostly Hindus. some adhere to traditional beliefs.

XO- the people of the Munda group in India (Bihar state); 1.2 million people (1992). The believers are mostly Hindus.

HOKA- a group of Indian peoples in the United States (California) and Mexico. Total ok. 70 thousand people (1992). Hocaltec languages. Adhere to traditional beliefs.

CROATS- the people, the main population of Croatia (3.8 million people). They also live in Serbia (200 thousand people). Bosnia and Herzegovina (830 thousand people). The total number of 5.65 million people. (1992). The language is Croatian-Serbian. Believers are mostly Catholics.

HUI(Huizu, Tungan. Dungan) - people in China (mainly in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region); 8.9 million people (1992). Dialects Chinese. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

Tsakhura- people in Dagestan (5.2 thousand people) and Azerbaijan (13 thousand people. 1992). Tsakhur language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

Tzimshians- Indian people in the USA (Alaska. 30 thousand people, 1992) and Canada (2 thousand people). The language of the Penutian family. Believers are Christians.

gypsies(self-name - Roma) - an ethnic community; live in many countries. Ancestors - immigrants from India (end of the 1st millennium AD). The total number of 2.62 million people. (1992); in the Russian Federation 153 thousand people. (1989). Gypsy language.

CHAMORRO- people, the main population of the Mariana Islands. Number of 98 thousand people. (1992), incl. on about. Guam 80 thousand people The language of the Indonesian group. Believers are Christians.

CHARAIMAKI- a group of peoples (dzhsmshidy, firuzkuhi, tayma-ni. teymuri) in the north-west of Afghanistan (600 thousand people, 1992) and north-east of Iran (260 thousand people). Iranian languages. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims, some in Iran are Shiites.

CHEYENNE(self-named - dzi-tsis-tas) - the Indian people of the Algonquin group in the USA (reservations in the states of Montana and Oklahoma), 8 thousand people. (1992). Believers are Christians (Protestants).

Circassians(self-named - Adyge) - people in Karachay-Cherkessia (40.2 thousand people). In total, there are 50.7 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). In Turkey and other countries of Western Asia, Circassians are also called all people from the North Caucasus. The total number of 270 thousand people. (1992). The language is Kabardino-Circassian. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

Montenegrins- people, the main population of Montenegro (460 thousand people); in Serbia 140 thousand people. (1992). They also live in the USA and Albania. The total number of 620 thousand people. They speak the Sto-Kavian dialect of the Serbo-Croatian language. Believers are mostly Orthodox.

CZECH- people, the main population of the Czech Republic (9.55 million people, 1992). The total number of 10.38 million people. Czech language. Believers are mostly Catholics, there are Protestants.

CHECHEN(self-name - Nokhchi) - people in Chechnya and Ingushetia (734.5 thousand people) and Dagestan (57.9 thousand people). In total, there are 899 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). The total number of 957 thousand people. Chechen language. Believers are Sunni Muslims.

ZHUANG(self-named Bunun) - people in China (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Yunnan Province), 16 million people. (1992). Zhuang language. Traditional beliefs, Taoists.

CHIBCHA- a group of Indian peoples (Kuna, Guaimi, Muisca, Pas-to, etc.) in the South and Central America, 635 thousand people (1992). Chibchan languages. Believers are Catholics.

CHILEANS- the people, the main population of Chile (St. 11.4 million people). The total number of 11.78 million people. (1992). Spanish language. Believers are Catholics.

CHEROKEE ( Cherokee) - the Indian people of the Iroquois group in the USA (reservations in the states of North Carolina and Oklahoma), 66 thousand people. (1992).

CHUVANTS(Shelags, self-named - etel) - the people in Chukotka (the Anadyr River basin), approx. 1.5 thousand people (1992). They speak a dialect of the Yukagir language. Believers are Orthodox.

CHUVASH(self-name - Chavash) - the people, the main population of Chuvashia (907.6 thousand people), also live in Bashkiria, Tataria, Ulyanovsk and Samara regions and others. In total, there are 1773.6 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). Chuvash language. Believers are Orthodox.

CHUKCHI- the people in the Chukotka (about 12 thousand people) and Koryaksky (1.5 thousand people) autonomous regions. Total in the Russian Federation15.1 thousand people. (1992). Chukchi language. Believers are Orthodox.

SHAN(self-named - Thai Nyo) - the people of the Thai group in the northeast of Myanmar (2.85 million people), in Thailand and Laos. The total number of 2.93 million people. (1987). Believers are mostly Buddhists.

SWEDEN- the people, the main population of Sweden (St. 8.06 million people). The total number of 9.4 million, people. (1992). Swedish language. Believers are Christians (mostly Lutherans).

SWISS is the common name for the population of Switzerland. Includes German Swiss (4.22 million people, 1992), French Royals (1.16 million people), Italian Swiss (230 thousand people) and Romansh (60 thousand people). They speak respectively German, French, Italian and Romansh. Believers are Protestants (most of the German Swiss, Franco-Swiss and Romansh) and Catholics (Italian kings, etc.).

SHERPS(Sherpa) - people in the east of Nepal (100 thousand people, 1992) and in neighboring regions of India (15 thousand people). The language of the Tibeto-Birman group. Believers are Buddhists.

SHILLUK(self-named - cholo) - people in Sudan. Number of 430 thousand people. (1992). Shilluk language. Traditional beliefs persist.

SHONE(mashona) - the people of the Bantu group in Zimbabwe (7.5 million people). Mozambique (about 1 million people), Botswana and South Africa. The total number of 8.68 million people. (1992). Shona language. They adhere to traditional beliefs, there are Christians.

SHORTS(self-named - shor) - people in the Russian Federation, in the Kemerovo region (Gornaya Shoria); 16 thousand people (1992). Shor language.

SCOTS- the people, the main population of Scotland and the adjacent islands (5.18 million people). The total number of 6.1 million people. (1992). Scottish language. The believers are mostly Presbyterians (except for the ethnographic group of Gaels).

Shoshone- a group of Indian peoples (actually Shoshone, Comanche, Ute, Hopi, etc.) in the USA. Total ok. 70 thousand people (1992). Languages ​​of the Uto-Aztecan family. traditional beliefs.

EWE(self-named - evegbe) - people in Ghana (1.9 million people, 1992), Togo (1.71 million people) and Nigeria (50 thousand people). Ewe language. Preserve traditional beliefs, there are Christians and Sunni Muslims.

EVENKI(self-named - Orochon, obsolete - Tungus) - people in the Krasnoyarsk Territory and other regions of Siberia. In total, there are 29.9 thousand people in the Russian Federation. (1992). They also live in China (35 thousand people, 1992). Evenki language. Believers are adherents of traditional beliefs, Orthodox.

EVENS(self-named - Even, obsolete - Lamuts) - people in Yakutia, Magadan and Kamchatka regions, Khabarovsk Territory. Number of 17.0 thousand people. (1992). Even language.

ECUADORIANS- the people, the main population of Ecuador (6.6 million people). The total number of 6.73 million people. (1992). Spanish language. Believers are mostly Catholics.

ENTS(obsolete - Yenisei Samoyeds) - people in the Taimyr (Dolganr-Nenets) Autonomous Okrug. Number approx. 200 people (1992). Enets language. Believers are Orthodox.

ERZYA- ethnographic group of Mordovians. Erzya language.

ESKIMOS(self-named - Inuit) - a group of peoples in Alaska (USA, 38 thousand people, 1992), northern Canada (28 thousand people), about. Greenland (Greenlanders, 47 thousand people) and in the Russian Federation (Magadan Region and Wrangel Island; 1.7 thousand people, 1992). Eskimo language.

ESTONIANS(self-named - estlased) - the people, the main population of Estonia (963 thousand people); in the Russian Federation 46.4 thousand people. (1992). They also live in the USA and Canada. Sweden and Australia. Total population approx. 1.1 million people (1992). Estonian language. Believers are mostly Lutherans, there are Orthodox (mostly Setos).

ETHIOPIES- the name of the population of Ethiopia.

Yukaghirs(self-named - detkil) - people in Yakutia and the Magadan region (Russian Federation). Number of 1.1 thousand people. (1992). Yukagir language.

JAVANESE- people in Indonesia (89.0 million people), the main population of the central part of about. Java. They also live in Malaysia, Australia, the Netherlands, etc. The total number is 89.6 million people. (1992). Javanese language. Believers are mostly Sunni Muslims.

YAKUT(self-named - Sakha) - the people, the indigenous population of Yakutia (365 thousand people), the total number is 382 thousand people. (1992). Yakut language. Believers are Orthodox

Jamaicans- the people, the main population of Jamaica (2.37 million people. The total number is 3.47 million people (1992). Mostly blacks and mulattoes, They speak a dialect of the English language. Believers are mostly Protestants.

YANOMAMA- a group of Indian peoples (Shiriana, Vaika, etc.) in the south of Venezuela (15 thousand people, 1992) and the north of Brazil (12 thousand people). The languages ​​are close to the Chibchan languages. Preserve traditional beliefs, there are Christians.

nuclear weapons(self-named - min, man, zao) - people in southern China (2.2 million people, 1992), northern Vietnam (460 thousand people) and Laos (about 90 thousand people). The language of the Miao-Yao group. Believers are adherents of traditional beliefs.

nuclear weapons(wayao) - the people of the Bantu group in western Malawi (about 1.4 million people, 1992), southern Tanzania (over 571 thousand people) and northern Mozambique (over 560 thousand people). Believers are Sunni Muslims, there are Christians.

JAPANESE(self-named - nihonjin) - the people, the main population of Japan (123.6 million people). The total number of 125.6 million people. (1992). Japanese language. Believers are mostly Shintoists and Buddhists, there are Christians and followers of syncretic cults.

Do you know how many nationalities there are in the world? The answer to this question is not as easy as it seems at first glance. There are quite a few contradictions in the understanding of the very term "nationality". What is this? Language community? Citizenship? This article will be devoted to bringing some clarity to the problems of the nationalities of the world. And we will also consider which ethnic groups give rise to beauties and attractive men. Naturally, nationalities can disappear, assimilate. Yes, and an individual in our age of globalization can be a product of a mixture of different ethnic groups. And often it is difficult for a person to answer the question of who he is by nationality. But if we talk about large groups of people, then here we can isolate several factors by which ethnicity is determined.

Citizenship and nationality

First, not all powers are monolithic in the ethnic composition of their population. And even if we do not take into account the presence of migrants, the so-called "citizens of the first generation", even then it cannot be said that there are one hundred and ninety-two nationalities of the world. List of states (namely, how many of them political map) does not give us an idea of ​​the numerous ethnic groups inhabiting these same countries. For example, representatives of more than one hundred and eighty nationalities live in the Russian Federation. And North and South Korea are inhabited by one people, separated by a demarcation line due to political strife. There is the concept of "American nation", but it is extremely diverse in ethnic composition. The same can be said about Australia, New Zealand and Canada, whose lands were settled by emigrants from all over the world. At the same time, even in such a seemingly monolithic country as Poland, there are Silesians, Kashubians, Lemkos and other groups.

Language and nationality

One of the markers by which one can determine a person's belonging to a particular people is his language. During the census, this factor is put at the forefront. If we are guided by this marker, then the question of how many nationalities in the world can be answered: from two and a half to five thousand. Why such a huge spread in numbers? Because we are faced with a new difficulty: what is language? Is it a dialect, a dialect used by a certain ethnic community? But it is also not entirely correct to determine the nationality of a person by language. After all, not all Jews know Hebrew. A almost died, and now the government is making incredible efforts to revive it. Residents of the "Green Island" speak English, but they do not consider themselves British.

Appearance and nationality

An even more unsteady way is to determine the ethnicity of an individual according to his physiological characteristics. What can we say about a person's appearance? If he has blond hair and Blue eyes, then he can equally successfully turn out to be both a Swede and a Russian or a Pole. You can, of course, talk about the Scandinavian, Mediterranean, Latin American, but all this does not give us an idea of ​​\u200b\u200bhow a representative of the “titular nation” should look like. Moreover, with the dominant gene of brunettes, blondes gradually “die out”. The nationalities of the world, whose representatives inhabited the lands previously known as the countries of fair-haired people (Bulgaria, the states on the Balkan Peninsula, Italy, Georgia), after the Turkish conquest noticeably "darkened". So it is not possible to determine the ethnic group in appearance. Although, of course, there are certain facial features that are often found in representatives of a particular nationality.

Formation of ethnic groups

All nationalities of the world in their historical development have come a long way. The ancient tribes entered into military trade alliances with each other and lived in close proximity for a long time. From this, certain differences were erased, dialects converged, forming one language. It can be cited as an example of the ancient Romans. In addition to the Latins, who inhabited the regions along the banks of the Tiber, Veneti, Avzones, Lukans, Osci, Messaps, Piceni, Umbers and Falisci took part in the formation of the people. And their dialects still exist! The vast Roman Empire, which included many nationalities, collapsed in the Middle Ages. Latin - the official language of the ancient state - gave impetus to the formation of Romance languages: Italian, French, Spanish. Awareness of the multitude by one community within the state generates a nation.

natural assimilation

Not all nationalities of the countries of the world have survived to this day. A smaller nationality, surrounded by a larger one, risks losing its identity, especially if it is included in a state where this largest nationality is considered the “titular nation”. This is what happened in the USSR. The first census, conducted in 1926, found that 178 nationalities live in the state. In 1956, there were only 109 of them. And there were 91 large nationalities, which included more than ten thousand people. Thus, in less than thirty years, the number of ethnic groups has significantly decreased. Of course, not everyone became Russian. Adjarians, Laz, Svans and Mingrelians began to associate themselves with Georgians; Kuramins, Turks and Kipchaks began to consider themselves Uzbeks. Thus, if not supported cultural characteristics small peoples, there is a serious risk that they will disappear.

Forced assimilation

Sometimes governments, wary of separatist sentiments, pursue a policy aimed at the deliberate destruction of nationality as such. They do not kill members of an ethnic minority, but carry out targeted assimilation measures. For example, in Poland after the Second World War, all Lemkos were taken out of their places of compact residence and settled in small groups in other regions of the country. In the south of France, for a long time, schoolchildren were punished if they began to speak the local Occitan dialect. Only since the eighties of the twentieth century, under pressure from the public, optional courses were opened to study the almost disappeared dialect. Since the small nationalities of the world are already inclined to dissolve into large ones, it is a violation of human rights to assimilate them by force.

How many nationalities are there in the world?

Nobody knows. According to various sources, the nationalities of the peoples of the world can number from four and a half to six thousand. The total number of languages ​​and dialects ranges from two and a half to five thousand. But there are still tribes that do not make contact with the civilized world (the so-called un-contacted people). How many such tribes are still found in Africa, the Amazon Valley? It is also quite difficult to define the line between ethnos, nationality and nationality. But there is another opinion about larger communities. It is believed that the nation is a purely political construct. This theory is gaining more and more supporters in modern society.

Beautiful nationalities of the world: list

Assimilation, of course, can lead to the disappearance of an ethnic group. But mixing blood only improves the gene pool. The so-called mestizos have always amazed with their beauty and talents. Let us recall at least the Russian poet A. S. Pushkin, in whose veins Slavic and African blood flowed. If we talk not about certain individuals, but about large groups of people, then the same relationship can be traced here. The most beautiful community is the one in which the different nationalities of the world are mixed, as in a furnace. So, the countries of Latin America amaze with an abundance of beauties and angelic men. After all, locals took part in the formation of Costa Ricans, Brazilians and Colombians Indian tribes, Spaniards and Africans. Citizens of the former USSR are also not bad-looking, since many of them were born as a result of mixed interethnic marriages.

Where do the most beautiful girls live?

This question worries not only the representatives of the stronger sex. Of course, everyone has their own standard of beauty, but are Miss Universe contests held? Let's do a little statistical analysis to find out which country has the most beautiful women peace. The nationality of the charming winner is not taken into account by the jury members. But we will count charming girl representative of the "titular nation".

So, according to surveys made by various male and women's magazines, in the first place in beauty - the inhabitants of Brazil. After all, this Latin American country is real. Here you can meet both an irresistible blonde and a charming black woman. Many immigrants from Asia gave the Brazilians the languor of the Japanese orchid and almond-shaped eyes. If you like tall blondes, then feel free to follow them to Sweden. In third place are the Argentines. The fourth position is held by Ukrainians, and the fifth by Russians.

Where do the most beautiful men in the world live by nationality?

A selection of super attractive macho different countries made a portal for tourists Travelers Digest. He did his own research to properly guide single ladies to a romantic getaway. What happened? What nationalities of the world gave birth to more Apollos?

The portal warns that it evaluated not only the external data of men, but also their upbringing, intelligence level, and the ability to care for a lady. The leaders in this list are the Swedes, residents of New York and Amsterdam. The top ten included the Portuguese, Argentines, Australians, Spaniards, Germans, Italians and Israelis. But girls often notice that the portal is wrong. In their opinion, residents of Latin American countries, Spaniards, Italians and Turks are more attractive.