Yuri Bondarev chronological table. Curious facts about the life and work of the writer

Bondarev Yuri Vasilievich - Russian Soviet writer And public figure, First Deputy Chairman of the Board of the Writers' Union of the RSFSR.

Born on March 15, 1924 in the city of Orsk, Orenburg Region, in the family of people's investigator Vasily Vasilyevich Bondarev (1896-1988) and Klavdia Iosifovna Bondareva (1900-1978). Russian. In 1931, the family moved to Moscow. Graduated from high school.

In 1941 he was drafted into the Red Army. Participated in the construction of defensive fortifications near Smolensk. In the summer of 1942, he was sent to study at the 2nd Berdichev Infantry School, which was evacuated to the city of Aktyubinsk. From August 1942 he fought against the Nazi invaders. In October of the same year, he was sent to Stalingrad and enlisted as commander of the mortar crew of the 308th regiment of the 98th Infantry Division. In the battles he was shell-shocked, received frostbite and was slightly wounded in the back. After treatment in the hospital, he served as a gun commander in the 23rd Kiev-Zhitomir Division. Participated in the crossing of the Dnieper and the liberation of Kyiv. In the battles for Zhitomir he was wounded and again ended up in a field hospital. Since January 1944, Bondarev fought in the ranks of the 121st Red Banner Rylsko-Kyiv Rifle Division in Poland and on the border with Czechoslovakia. In October he was sent to the Chkalovsky School of Anti-Aircraft Artillery. After graduating in December 1945, he was declared partially fit for service and demobilized due to wounds.

It was at the front that the crystal clear and clear commandments of love for the Motherland, decency, and loyalty finally entered Bondarev’s consciousness - after all, in battle everything is naked and obvious: what is good and what is evil. And everyone faces a choice - Bondarev made it once and for all. He chose the shores of human decency. And there, during the war, the writer understood the main thing: “a person is born for love, not for hatred” (the words of the hero of the story “Battalions Ask for Fire”).

Yuri Bondarev began publishing in 1949. The writer’s first stories were published in the magazines “Ogonyok”, “Smena” and “October”. In 1951 he graduated from the M. Gorky Literary Institute. In the same year he was admitted to the Union of Writers of the USSR. The first collection of his stories, “On the Big River,” was published in 1953. Very soon Bondarev became one of the most published authors. He wrote the novels “Silence” (1962), “Two” (1964), “ Hot Snow"(1969), "Shore" (1975; USSR State Prize, 1977), "Choice" (1980; USSR State Prize, 1983), "Game" (1985), "Temptation" (1991), "Non-resistance" (1996 ), "Bermuda Triangle" (1999); the stories “Youth of Commanders” (1956), “Battalions Ask for Fire” (1957), “Last Salvos” (1959), “Relatives” (1969); collection of short stories "Late in the Evening" (1976); books literary articles“The Search for Truth” (1976), “A Look into Biography” (1977), “Keepers of Values” (1978).

Bondarev is a moral authority for many generations of Russians. The impressions of the war years were reflected in many of his works. In the stories “The Battalions Ask for Fire”, “The Last Salvos”, in the novels “Hot Snow”, “The Shore” Yuri Bondarev showed heroism Soviet soldiers, officers and generals, revealed their psychology and unwavering loyalty to the Motherland and people. His famous novel“Silence” told about the fates of people who went through battles, who were looking for and could not always find their place in post-war society.

In the works of Bondarev recent years“Temptation”, “Bermuda Triangle”, the prose writer’s talent opened up new facets. In 2004, the celebrant writer published new novel called "Without Mercy". Bondarev's works have been translated into more than 70 languages. In total, during the period from 1958 to 1980, 130 Bondarev’s works were published abroad. In the Soviet Union and Russia, 4 collected works of the writer were published: 1973-1974 (in 4 volumes), 1984-1986 (in 6 volumes), 1993-1996 (in 9 volumes).

Based on the works of Yuri Bondarev, the feature films “Last Salvos”, “Silence”, “Hot Snow” (State Prize of the RSFSR named after the Vasilyev Brothers, 1975), “Battalions Ask for Fire”, “Beach”, “Choice” were shot. Pictures based on the writer’s works were viewed, without exaggeration, by the whole world. The writer became one of the co-authors (together with Yu. Ozerov and O. Kurganov) of the script for the film epic “Liberation” (1970-1972), dedicated to the global events of the Great Patriotic War. The film was watched by more than 350 million viewers in the USSR and tens of millions abroad in just two years. As one of the authors of the script for the films “Liberation” (“Arc of Fire”, “Breakthrough”, “Direction of the Main Strike”, “Battle of Berlin”, “The Last Assault”) in 1972 Bondarev was awarded the Lenin Prize.

Along with creativity, Bondarev is active social activities. From 1959 to 1963 he was a member of the editorial board, editor of the department of literature and criticism " Literary newspaper" In November 1971, he was elected first deputy chairman of the board of the Union of Writers of the RSFSR, and from 1990 to 1994 he was chairman of the Union of Writers of Russia. For 8 years, from 1991 to 1999, he worked as co-chairman of the International Community of Writers' Unions. In 1974-1979 he headed the Voluntary Society of Book Lovers. Bondarev traveled abroad many times at the invitation of publishing houses as a public figure.

In 1963, Yuri Bondarev was admitted to the Union of Cinematographers. In 1961-1966, he was the editor-in-chief of the Association of Writers and Film Workers at the Mosfilm studio.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 14, 1984, outstanding achievements in the field of literature and in connection with the sixtieth anniversary of his birth, Yuri Vasilyevich Bondarev was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle gold medal.

In 1994, Yuri Bondarev refused to be awarded the Order of Friendship of Peoples in connection with the 70th anniversary, writing in a telegram to the President of the Russian Federation B.N. Yeltsin: “Today this will no longer help the good harmony and friendship of the peoples of our great country.”

He was elected as a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of the IX-X convocations, was deputy chairman of the Council of Nationalities of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (1984-1989), and a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the RSFSR (1990-1991).

Yu.V. Bondarev is a full member of the Russian, International Slavic, Petrine Academies, Academy Russian literature, honorary member of the Pushkin Academy, chairman of the award commission International Prize M.A. Sholokhov.

Lives and works in the hero city of Moscow.

Awarded two Orders of Lenin, the Order October revolution, Order of the Red Banner of Labor, Order of the Patriotic War 2nd degree, Order of the Badge of Honor, medals, including two medals “For Courage,” as well as orders and medals of foreign countries.

Laureate of the Lenin Prize (1972), State Prize of the USSR (1977, 1983), State Prize of the RSFSR named after the Vasilyev Brothers (1975), Leo Tolstoy Prize (1993), International Prize named after Mikhail Sholokhov (1994).

By resolution of the Volgograd City Council people's deputies dated September 8, 2004 for services to conservation historical memory heroes Battle of Stalingrad and a great personal contribution to the formation of the image of the hero city of Volgograd, as the center of military glory of Russia, Yuri Vasilievich Bondarev was awarded the title “Honorary Citizen of the Hero City of Volgograd.”

Date of Birth: 15.03.1924

Russian, Soviet writer, prose writer, screenwriter, publicist. "Classic" military prose. Veteran of the Great Patriotic War. The main issue of the works: the problem moral choice(both military and Peaceful time), a person’s search for his place in the world.

Yuri Vasilyevich Bondarev was born in the city of Orsk, Orenburg region. Father (1896-1988) worked as a people's investigator, lawyer, and administrative worker. In 1931 the Bondarevs moved to Moscow.

Bondarev graduated from school in evacuation and was immediately sent to the 2nd Berdichev Infantry School in the city of Aktyubinsk. In October of the same year, the cadets were transferred to Stalingrad. Bondarev was assigned as the commander of the mortar crew. In the battles near Kotelnikov, he was shell-shocked, received frostbite and was slightly wounded in the back. After treatment in the hospital, he served as a gun commander and participated in the crossing of the Dnieper and the assault on Kyiv. In the battles for Zhitomir he was wounded and again ended up in the hospital. Since January 1944, Yu. Bondarev fought in Poland and on the border with Czechoslovakia. In October 1944 he was sent to the Chkalovsky School of Anti-Aircraft Artillery and after graduating in December 1945 he was declared partially fit for service and demobilized due to injuries. He finished the war with the rank of junior lieutenant.

He made his debut in print in 1949. He graduated from the Literary Institute. A. M. Gorky (1951 seminar by K. G. Paustovsky). In the same year he was admitted to the Union of Writers of the USSR. The first collection of stories, “On the Big River,” was published in 1953.

Bondarev's works quickly gain popularity and he becomes one of the most published authors.

Besides literary activity Bondarev pays attention to cinema. Acts as the author of the script for film adaptations of his own works: “The Last Salvos”, “Silence”, “Hot Snow”, “Battalions Ask for Fire”, “The Shore”, “Choice”. Yu. Bondarev was also one of the screenwriters of the epic film “Liberation,” dedicated to the global events of the Great Patriotic War. In 1963, Yu. Bondarev was admitted to the Union of Cinematographers. In 1961-66, he was the editor-in-chief of the Association of Writers and Film Workers at the Mosfilm studio.

Occupied leadership positions in the Union of Writers: was a member (since 1967) and secretary of the board (1971-August 91), member of the bureau of the secretariat of the board (1986-91), secretary of the board (1970-71), first deputy. chairman of the board (1971-90) and chairman of the board of the joint venture of the RSFSR (December 1990-94). In addition, Yu. Bondarev was the chairman of the board of the Russian Voluntary Society of Book Lovers (1974-79), a member of the editorial board of the magazine. Bondarev member of the Supreme creative council Russian joint venture (since 1994), honorary co-chairman of the Moscow region joint venture (since 1999). Member of the editorial boards of the magazines "Our Heritage", "", "Kuban" (since 1999), "World of Education - Education in the World" (since 2001), the newspaper "Lit. Eurasia" (since 1999), the Central Council of the movement " Spiritual heritage". Academician of the Academy of Russian Literature (1996). Elected as a deputy and deputy chairman of the Council of Nationalities of the USSR Supreme Council (1984-91). Member of the Duma of the Slavic Council (1991), Duma of the Russian National Council (1992).

Yu. Bondarev consistently adheres to communist beliefs. He was a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the RSFSR (1990-1991). In 1991, he signed the “Word to the People” appeal in support of the State Emergency Committee.

Married, two children (daughters).

Yu. Bondarev resigned from the editorial board of the magazine in protest against the publication of the novel "October of the Sixteenth"

In 1989, Yu. Bondarev stated that he did not consider it “possible to be among the founders of the Soviet PEN Center,” since the list of founders included those “with whom I am in moral disagreement in relation to literature, art, history and universal human values.”

In 1994, Yu. Bondarev refused to be awarded the Order of Friendship of Peoples, writing in a telegram to the President of the Russian Federation B.N. Yeltsin: “Today this will no longer help the good harmony and friendship of the peoples of our great country.”

Writer's Awards

Orders and medals
Order of Lenin (twice)
Order of the October Revolution
Order of the Red Banner of Labor
Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd class
Order of the Badge of Honor
Medal "For Courage" (twice)
Medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad"
Medal "For Victory over Germany"
Gold medal named after A. A. Fadeev (1973)
Medal for Strengthening the Military Commonwealth (1986)
Order of Friendship of Peoples (1994, refused to be awarded)
Medal "For Merit in the Border Service" 1st class (1999)
Medal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation “90 years of the Great October Socialist Revolution” (2007)

Other awards
Big Star of Peoples' Friendship (GDR)
(1972, for the script for the film "Liberation")
State Prize of the RSFSR (1975, for the script for the film “Hot Snow”)
(1977, 1983, for the novels “The Shore” and “Choice”)
Hero of Socialist Labor (1984)
All-Russian Prize "Stalingrad" (1997)
Award "Golden Dirk" and diploma of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy (1999)
Honorary Citizen of the Hero City of Volgograd (2004)

Literary awards
Magazine Awards (twice: 1975, 1999)
Leo Tolstoy Prize (1993)
International Prize named after M. A. Sholokhov in the field of literature and art (1994)

All-Russian Literary Prize "" (2013)

Soviet writer Yuri Vasilyevich Bondarev was born on March 15, 1924 in Orsk, Orenburg region. In 1931, his family moved to Moscow.
In 1941, Yuri Bondarev participated in the construction of defensive fortifications near Smolensk. I graduated from the tenth grade during evacuation.

In the summer of 1942, he was sent to study at the 2nd Berdichev Infantry School, which was evacuated to the city of Aktyubinsk (Kazakhstan). In October 1942, he was sent to Stalingrad (now Volgograd) and enlisted as commander of the mortar crew of the 308th regiment of the 98th Infantry Division. Later he served as a gun commander in the 23rd Kiev-Zhitomir Division. Participated in the crossing of the Dnieper and the liberation of Kyiv. Was wounded twice.

Since January 1944, Bondarev fought in the ranks of the 121st Red Banner Rylsko-Kyiv Rifle Division in Poland and on the border with Czechoslovakia. In October he was sent to the Chkalovsky School of Anti-Aircraft Artillery. After graduating in December 1945, he was declared partially fit for service and demobilized due to wounds.

The front-line path of the future writer was marked by the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, medals “For Courage”, “For the Defense of Stalingrad”, “For Victory over Germany”, and a number of Polish awards.

In 1944 Bondarev joined Communist Party and remained in it until the collapse of the USSR.

In 1949, he began publishing in the popular magazines Smena, Ogonyok, and Oktyabr. In 1951 he graduated from the Gorky Literary Institute and was admitted to the Writers' Union.

In 1953, Bondarev’s first collection of stories, “On the Big River,” was published. Quite soon, Yuri Bondarev became one of the most published authors in the USSR. The main theme of his work is the heroism of Soviet soldiers and human psychology in war.

Yuri Bondarev is the author of the novels "Silence" (1962), "Two" (1964), "Hot Snow" (1969), "Shore" (1975), "Choice" (1980), "Game" (1985), "Temptation "(1991), "Non-resistance" (1996), "Bermuda Triangle" (1999), "Without Mercy" (2004); the stories “Youth of Commanders” (1956), “Battalions Ask for Fire” (1957), “Last Salvos” (1959), “Relatives” (1969); collection of short stories "Late in the Evening" (1976); books of literary articles “The Search for Truth” (1976), “A Look into Biography” (1977), “Keepers of Values” (1978).

For many decades, the writer has continued to work on a series of miniatures called “Moments.”

Bondarev's works have been translated into more than 70 languages. Art films“The Last Salvos” (1960), “Silence” (1963), “Hot Snow” (1972), “The Shore” (1983), “Battalions Ask for Fire” (1985), “Choice” (1987) are based on the works of Yuri Bondarev .

In 1968-1972, the film epic “Liberation” was created, directed by Yuri Ozerov, also dedicated to the Great Patriotic War. This film was watched by 350 million viewers in the USSR alone in two years. Bondarev, as one of the authors of the script, was awarded the Lenin Prize in 1972.

From 1959 to 1963, Yuri Bondarev was a member of the editorial board, editor of the literature and criticism department of the Literaturnaya Gazeta, and in 1961-1966 he was the editor-in-chief of the Association of Writers and Film Workers at the Mosfilm studio.

Along with his creativity, Bondarev has always been active in social activities. In 1971, he was elected first deputy chairman of the board of the Union of Writers of the RSFSR, and from 1990 to 1994 he was chairman of the Union of Writers of Russia. For eight years, from 1991 to 1999, he worked as co-chairman of the International Community of Writers' Unions.

In 1974-1979 he headed the All-Union Voluntary Society of Book Lovers.

The writer was elected as a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of the IX and X convocations, and was deputy chairman of the Council of Nationalities of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (1984-1989).

Yuri Bondarev - member of the Union of Cinematographers (1963). Full member of the Russian, International Slavic, Petrine Academies, Academy of Russian Literature, honorary member of the Pushkin Academy.

Hero of Socialist Labor (1984). Awarded two Orders of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution, the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree (1985), the Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1974), the Order of the Badge of Honor, the Order of Friendship of Peoples (1994, refused), medals, as well as orders and medals of foreign countries .

Laureate of the Lenin Prize (1972), State Prize of the USSR (1977, 1983), State Prize of the RSFSR named after the Vasilyev Brothers (1975), Prize named after

Leo Tolstoy (1993), International Prize named after Mikhail Sholokhov (1994), etc.

Honorary citizen of the hero city of Volgograd.

In 2013, writer literary prize "Yasnaya Polyana" in the honorary nomination "Modern Classics".

Yuri Bondarev is married. He has two daughters - Elena (born in 1952), a specialist in English language, and Ekaterina (born 1960), artist.

The material was prepared based on information from open sources

Having barely finished school, the boys became men, defenders of their homeland during the Great Patriotic War. They had to shoulder the heavy burden of war. One of the representatives of this generation is Yuri Bondarev, whose biography is presented in this article. He was born in the Orenburg region, in the city of Orsk, on March 15, 1924. His father subsequently received a law degree and began working as an investigator.

Bondarev's childhood years

Yuri's family first lived on Southern Urals, and then, due to duty, lived at one time in Central Asia. spent here early childhood Bondarev Yuri Vasilievich. His biography further years marked by his arrival in Moscow, where his family moved in 1931. In the capital, Yuri went to first grade. He studied almost until he graduated from school. And then the war began. The Bondarevs were evacuated to Kazakhstan. Yuri decided to go from there with other guys to fight. However, first of all, yesterday’s schoolchildren had to be trained in short time military affairs.

Training and first battles

Yuri Bondarev graduated from the Berdichev Infantry School. And then, becoming the commander of a mortar crew, he went to the front line. This happened in 1942. The “universities” of Bondarev and other young men of this generation took place during the war. It was she who became a stern and intelligent life teacher for Yuri. He immediately found himself in Stalingrad, at the epicenter of events. Heavy fighting took place here. It lasted for more than six months and its victory turned the tide of the entire war.

Hospital treatment and further battles

Bondarev took part in the battles for Stalingrad as part of the 98th division. In winter, he received frostbite and concussion and ended up in the hospital. The young strength of the body, as well as the treatment provided, quickly put Yuri back on track. He was sent to the Zhitomir 23rd Division. As part of it, Yuri crossed the Dnieper and liberated Kyiv in fierce battles. Later, in 1944, having already transferred to the 191st division, Yuri Bondarev took part in the battles for Poland and reached Czechoslovakia with his division. And then he was sent to study at the Chkalov Artillery School, and Yuri did not have the chance to meet victory in Berlin.

Bondarev's creativity

After the war, Yuri Bondarev wrote many works. Today Yuri Vasilyevich is 91 years old. Yuri Bondarev received many awards and prizes. His works are very famous.

The time spent in the war became a measure for Yuri Vasilyevich human values. He became famous for his war stories “The Last Salvos” and “The Battalions Ask for Fire.” And the growing talent of this writer confirmed the novel “Hot Snow” and other works.

"Hot Snow"

This novel was created between 1965 and 1969. Its hero is a young lieutenant named Kuznetsov. This is decent, patriotic, fair man. He bought a large one in one day life experience, which would have taken years under normal conditions. This man learned to take responsibility, manage the battle, overcome fear, and be a wise and decisive commander. At first, the soldiers considered him a yellow-throated chick, but then they fell in love with their lieutenant and survived the battle, believing him. It was very important for Yuri Bondarev to show how a young character grows and changes in overcoming difficulties, how a personality is formed.

"Shore"

This novel was written in 1975. End of the war. The young lieutenants, who matured and matured during the war years, having gained authority and experience from their comrades in arms, have already passed the life path, which made them real history makers. They are all different, but all these people are united by a common destiny and humanism. Knyazhko Andrey is a professor's son, a book lover and philologist, a romantic and a dreamer, who was raised on classical literature. However, by the end of the war, he also acquires inflexibility and determination, strength of character. At first, Andrei portrayed himself as a stern, self-confident commander in order to hide his own insecurity under this mask. However, unnoticed by others and himself, these qualities became part of his nature. No one doubted his courage and inflexibility.

Lieutenant Nikitin is a more “earthly” person, a pragmatist. He easily knew how to distribute guns, organize firing positions, calculate the timing of salvos and sights. The soldiers obeyed him, since he knew very well everything that related to the life of his platoon. All this strengthened Nikitin’s authority among the fighters different ages, as if in matters of war he was more competent and experienced than anyone else. Nikitin still reproaches himself for his “unsteadiness” and pliability, “dangerous softness” in his relations with his subordinates. For example, he cannot resist Mezhenin, a 30-year-old sergeant, and his “unshy”, “bulging” strength. Nikitin confidently and skillfully commanded people, but in some situations he showed unexpectedly funny helplessness: he did not know how to light a fire in the snow, cook soup or light a stove in the hut.

Bondarev's heroes, having overcome their hatred of the Germans who killed Knyazhko, respond with concern for teenagers from Germany whom the Socialist-Revolutionaries zombified. Rising above cruelty and bloodthirstiness, they stand the test of history with great dignity.

Some films of the same name was filmed based on works written by Yuri Bondarev: “Hot Snow”, “Battalions Ask for Fire”, “Silence”.

Bondarev Yuri Vasilievich (born in 1924), writer.

In 1931 he moved to Moscow with his parents. From school he was drafted into the army and ended the war as an artillery commander.

Demobilized after his second wound (1945), Bondarev became a student in 1946 Literary Institute named after M. Gorky in Moscow, where he studied in the seminar of K. G. Paustovsky.

Since 1949, Bondarev's first stories began to appear in magazines.

Soon after graduating from the institute in 1951, he was admitted to the Union of Writers of the USSR. In 1956, Bondarev’s first story, “Youth of Commanders,” was published, telling about the everyday life of artillery school cadets at the end of the war and in days of peace.

The following two stories brought wide fame to the writer - “The Battalions Ask for Fire” (1957) and “The Last Salvos” (1959); they were examples of the genre of lyrical front-line stories.

Bondarev’s first novel, “Silence” (1962-1964), was also an event - one of the first in Soviet literature references to the topic Stalin's repressions. In “Silence,” as in the story “Relatives” (1969), the author’s focus is on problems of morality in their connection with the past and present. Big success had the novel “Hot Snow” (1970), in which Bondarev came close to creating an epic canvas, although the action of the work is limited to one day and one event - the battles on the outskirts of Stalingrad.

In the following novels - “The Shore” (1975), “Choice” (1980), “The Game” (1985), “Temptation” (1991), “Non-resistance” (1994-1995) - Bondarev turned to the destinies of the Russian intelligentsia of the second half of the 20th century (his heroes are a writer, artist, film director, scientist). Bondarev actively acted as a publicist (collection of articles “Search for Truth”, 1976; “Man Carries the World within Himself”, 1980, etc.); in the 80-90s he increasingly revealed his commitment to the position of the so-called patriotic camp.

Significant place in creative biography Bondarev is busy working in cinema - he created film scripts based on many of his own works, the script for the epic film “Liberation” (1970-1972). Since the late 60s. Bondarev held leading positions in the Writers' Union, was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, and a delegate to several congresses of the CPSU. Awarded the Lenin Prize (1972) and twice the USSR State Prize (1977, 1983).