Altai writers about nature. Topic: Poets of the Altai region about the beauty of their native nature
Mysterious and mysterious Altai gave the world dozens of wonderful people. Talented and bright, and at the same time good-natured and humane people grow up in this wonderful land. Famous people Altai Territory differ in their boundless love to life and everything around us.
Originally from the Altai region
Born and raised under the protection of the Altai mountains, today's cosmonauts, researchers, actors, athletes, and politicians always speak fondly of their homeland. Famous people of the Altai Territory (list):
- V.V. Bianchi is a writer of children's stories about the lives of animals.
- A.I. Buldakov is People's Artist of Russia.
- M.S. Evdokimov - Russian politician and artist.
- V.S. Zolotukhin - actor and writer, awarded the title People's Artist Russia.
- M.T. Kalashnikov is the developer of the Kalashnikov assault rifle and a successful weapons designer.
- I.P. Miroshnichenko - People's Artist of Russia
- I.I. Polzunov is a self-taught scientist who invented the steam engine and the world's first two-cylinder steam engine.
- A.V. Pankratov-Cherny is an actor of Soviet and Russian cinema, director.
- N.K. Roerich is an artist, philosopher and public figure.
- R.I. Rozhdestvensky - famous poet Soviet times, author of poems and lyrics for many songs.
- E.F. Savinova is a Soviet actress.
- G.S. Titov is a pilot-cosmonaut who made the first long flight into space.
- V.M. Shukshin is a writer, screenwriter and film director.
Live for the homeland, for fellow countrymen
Famous people believe that there is no place in the world more beautiful and better than their homeland. Mikhail Sergeevich Evdokimov was no exception. Born in a simple family, the boy always wanted to do good deeds and give joy to people. Evdokimov chose the appropriate profession - he was educated at the cultural education school, specializing as a balalaika player. Before the army, he worked as a grinder and canteen administrator.
A talented guy decided to change his life and moved to Moscow in 1981. Fame came to him in 1984. His parodies and monologues were scattered into quotes. He began to actively act in films, in such films as “I Don’t Want to Get Married”, “Don’t Play the Fool” and others. He had 4 original programs, including “C light steam! on Channel One. His popularity was recognized solo concerts and a music CD that was released in the USA.
But not only acting career attracted Evdokimov. In 1995, he started talking about wanting to go into politics and in 2004 became the head of the Altai Territory. He lived and worked for his region, for his fellow countrymen. Evdokimov did everything to raise his region to a new level, and he succeeded. Only death could stop him, which overtook him on August 7, 2005 in a car accident.
Double-sided pain bullet
Celebrities of the Altai region often came from simple families. Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov was one of these. He was born in the village of Kurya into a family of peasants. Even as a child, he was drawn to technology, and thoughts about creating a perpetual motion machine hovered in his head. He was drafted into the army in 1938 as a tank driver. Already at this time he distinguished himself by his ingenuity and improved the tank. In one of the battles of the Great Patriotic War He barely got out from under enemy machine gun fire. And this is what gave him the idea to create an automatic machine.
He worked on the drawings of his creation both in the hospital and on leave due to injury. By creating the AK-47, Kalashnikov could not surprise military leaders, but managed to prove himself as a good developer. Kalashnikov was recognized as the best creator of weapons in 1947 based on the results of tests of a machine gun chambered for a cartridge. After the successful production of a pilot batch, the Kalashnikov assault rifle was put into mass production.
Music of the soul
In the village of Koshikha, Altai Territory. Show your creativity he became in his youth, like many famous people Altai region. Biography Soviet poet filled with joyful and sad moments. My parents divorced early, my father died in one of the battles in Latvia in 1945.
In 1950, he failed to enter the Literary Institute on his first try. The second attempt a year later was successful. The poet published his first book in 1955 under the title “Flags of Spring.” Subsequently, Rozhdestvensky published the collections “Test”, “My Love”, “Your Window”. Dozens of popular songs were based on his poems, including “Echo of Love”, “Only for You”, “It’s Time to Go Home”, “If There is Love in the World” and many others.
More than a day in space
Celebrities of the Altai region in literature, cinema, political activity and even in space they manifested themselves as legendary personalities. The conquest of the latter was entrusted to the shoulders of German Stepanovich Titov.
He connected his life with space in 1960, joining the cosmonaut corps. In April 1961, he managed to be Yuri Gagarin's backup, and already in August of this year he made the world's first long-term orbital flight.
The flight in space lasted one day and one hour. During this time he managed to make seventeen revolutions around Globe. In addition, Titov became the youngest cosmonaut in history, because at that time he was only twenty-five years old. Titov is undoubtedly a legend; a seamount in Pacific Ocean, an island in the Gulf of Tonkin, as well as streets, schools, scientific centers of different cities.
Vitaly Bianki - alone with nature
Vitaly Valentinovich was born in St. Petersburg in 1894. But, despite this, he considered the city of Biysk to be his dearest and most beloved, where he began to develop as a writer. Came to the Altai region of Bianki during October Revolution, but upon its completion he did not return to St. Petersburg, but remained to work as a teacher in Biysk.
His career as a writer began with small publications in a local newspaper. He subsequently married a French teacher and returned to the city of his childhood. In Biysk, he spent a lot of time alone with nature, which became the basis for his famous works: “Forest houses”, “Whose nose is better”, “Who sings what”.
“Where is nophelet?”
Almost all famous people of the Altai Territory come from small settlements. So Alexander Pankratov-Cherny is a native of the village of Konevo. At the age of three he lost his father, his mother was left alone with four children in her arms.
As a child, all of Pankratov-Cherny’s thoughts were occupied by clownery, with which he wanted to connect his life. But with age I decided to dedicate myself acting. He graduated first from Gorky drama school, and then VGIK in the directing class. He also acquired his last name as a student. The prefix Cherny distinguished him from his namesake Alexander Pankratov, who studied with him at the same faculty.
He has dozens of famous films in his arsenal, but “Where is Nophelet?” loved by absolutely every resident of the country.
The one who walks around Moscow
Famous people of the Altai region are mostly male. There are few women who made him famous. One of this small number is a graduate of the Moscow Art Theater, the magnificent actress Irina Petrovna Miroshnichenko. She made her film debut in the film “I Walk Through Moscow”, and also in her arsenal of shooting in the films “They were known only by sight”, “Andrei Rublev”, “A soldier came from the front”, “Winter Cherry” (the second and third parts) and many others.
The actress was married three times, but all marriages ended in divorce. The wonderful air and atmosphere of Altai gave the actress a wonderful smile, which contributed to her work in filming videos for advertising “Calcium D3 Nikomed”.
The actress maintains a personal blog, where she shares her thoughts and feelings with readers. She also answers fans’ questions and thanks them for such a warm attitude.
Adarov, Arzhan Oinchinovich (1932-2005).
Born on June 15, 1932 in the village. Kayarlyk, Ust-Kansky district. From early childhood he helped his mother in the parking lot. My father died at the front during the Great Patriotic War.
In 1952, after graduating from the regional national school, together with L. Kokyshev and E. Palkin, he was sent to study at the Moscow Literary Institute. A.M. Gorky.
In 1956, the first collection of poems “Ursul” was published in Gorno-Altaisk. Published in many languages of the peoples of the USSR and abroad. In 1971 at Kazakh language The book “Altai Motifs” was published; in 1983, the collection “Eternal Mountains” was published in the Tuvan language.
A. Adarov worked as a correspondent for the newspaper "Altaydyk Cholmony", editor-in-chief, director of the Gorno-Altai branch of the Altai Book Publishing House, and literary consultant for the Gorno-Altai branch of the Writers' Union of the RSFSR.
Honored Worker of Culture of the RSFSR (1982), Chairman of the Writers' Union of the Altai Republic (1994-2005), laureate of the State Prize named after. G. I. Choros-Gurkina. Awarded the Order of Friendship of Peoples.
Member of the USSR Writers' Union. People's Writer of the Republic of Armenia (2004).
Bedyurov, Brontoy Yangovich (1947).
Born on March 23, 1947 in the village. Ongudai in the family of the poet Yanga Bedyurov. He received his secondary education at the Gorno-Altai Regional National School.
Graduated from the Literary Institute named after. A.M. Gorky (1967-1972), graduate school at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1976-1980).
Since 1966 he worked at the Gorno-Altai Regional Radio Committee, the editorial office of the newspaper “Altaydyn Cholmony” (1972-1975), and a writers’ organization.
Academician of the Academy of Russian Literature. Laureate of the All-Russian literary prize them. N.M. Karamzin “For Fatherland Studies.”
Honored Worker of Culture of the Russian Federation.
People's Writer of the Altai Republic (2007).
Eredeev, Alexander Yanganovich (1937-2008).
He studied at the regional national school. In 1958 he graduated from veterinary college.
Since 1959, he worked as a livestock specialist, then as a teacher, and as a librarian in his native village.
Since 1963 he lived in Gorno-Altaisk. He worked as a proofreader for the Gorno-Altai branch of the Altai Book Publishing House, as a correspondent for the Altaydyn Cholmony newspaper, and for the regional radio committee.
In 1967 he graduated from the correspondence department of the Literary Institute. A.M. Gorky.
Member of the USSR Writers' Union (1969).
Kalkin, Alexey Grigorievich (1925-1998).
Born on April 3, 1925 in the village. Passports of the Ulagansky district. He was visually disabled since childhood and did not have to study. But from an early age he was immersed in the world of oral folk art, performing heroic poems Altai people. Lived in the village. Yabogan, Ust-Kansky district.
A.G. Kalkin is an outstanding Altai kaichi storyteller. Since 1948, he has performed samples of the heroic epic in Moscow, Leningrad, Novosibirsk, Barnaul, Ulan-Ude, Gorno-Altaisk. His repertoire included more than 30 heroic tales, each of which ranged from one to ten thousand poetic lines.
Written and published by him large number Altai heroic tales, of which the epic “Maadai-Kara” was published in 1973 by the Institute of World Literature. A.M. Gorky in the academic series “Epic of the Peoples of the USSR”. The heroic epic “Maadai-Kara” is recognized as a folk-poetic monument of world significance.
Member of the USSR Writers' Union (1978).
Katash, Sergey Sergeevich (1925-2003).
In 1948 he graduated from the literary department of the Moscow State Pedagogical Institute.
In 1958 he defended his Ph.D. thesis.
1973-75 – doctoral student of the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR.
Since 1962 S.S. Katash worked at the Gorno-Altai Pedagogical Institute, professor of the Department of Altai Philology.
He has been engaged in literary creativity since 1950. He is the author of literary works, articles, monographs, textbooks and teaching aids on Altai folklore and literature. S.S. Katash took an active part in the preparation of a multi-volume edition of the Altai heroic epic “Altai Baatyrlar”.
Doctor philological sciences, laureate International Prize"Unity", Honored Worker of Culture of the Russian Federation. Awarded the Order of Friendship of Peoples.
Member of the USSR Writers' Union (1972).
Kozlov, Konstantin Ivanovich (1918-1996).
Childhood and early teenage years were spent in Gorky, in orphanage. He graduated from a technical school, worked as a turner, and studied at the evening department of the workers' faculty.
In 1936 he left for Central Asia and studied at the Pedagogical School of Samarkand.
Since 1974 he lived in Gorno-Altaisk. He worked as a correspondent for the newspaper “Zvezda Altai” and on the radio.
The first book of poems, “In the Blue Altai Mountains,” was published in 1952 in Barnaul. Author of collections of poems and essay books.
A distinctive feature of K. Kozlov’s poetry is the dialogue of Russian and Altai cultures and mythopoetics. He turned to Altai folklore, reworked its plots, using the rhythm of the Altai heroic epic, and translated poems into Russian Altai poets.
Member of the USSR Writers' Union (1957).
Kokyshev, Lazar Vasilievich (1933-1975).
Born on October 20, 1933 in the village. Kumzhulu, Shebalinsky district. My father died at the front during the Great Patriotic War.After graduating from the regional national school, from 1952 to 1957 he studied at Literary Institute them. A.M. Gorky.
L.V. Kokyshev worked as editor of the Gorno-Altai book publishing house, executive secretary and consultant of the Gorno-Altai branch of the Writers' Union of the RSFSR, and correspondent for regional radio. Elected as a deputy of the regional council people's deputies.
I started writing from school. The first book was published in 1956. In 1959, the first Altai novel “Arina” was published, which was translated into Russian, Kazakh and Tuvan languages. L. Kokyshev translated poems by A.S. into Altai. Pushkin, M. Yu. Lermontov, N. A. Nekrasov, R. Burns and other poets.
Outstanding Altai writer, author of the first Altai novel "Arina".
Manitov, Sergey Kunduchinovich (1938-2010).
In 1957, after graduating from the regional national school, he was drafted into the ranks of the Soviet Army.
In 1964 he graduated from the Faculty of History and Philology of the Gorno-Altai State Pedagogical Institute.
He worked as a teacher of Altai language and literature in schools in the Ongudai district.
S.K. Manitov was the editor of the Ongudai regional radio newspaper, the executive secretary of the regional society "Knowledge".
He began writing poetry during his school years. He published his first collection of poems for children in 1966. In total, he published 8 books of poetry and prose.
Member of the USSR Writers' Union (1988).
Chevalkov, Mikhail Vasilievich (1817-1901).
Born in 1817 in the village. Karasuk. In 1824, the Chevalkov family moved to the village. Ulalu.
In Ulal, M. Chevalkov independently taught himself to read and write and began to study folk art. At the request of the collector of folklore of the peoples of Siberia N.I. Ananyin, he writes down and translates Altai fairy tales, legends, songs, proverbs and sayings into Russian.
In 1860, collaboration began with the ethnographer V.V. Radlov, who also asked for help in collecting material based on oral folk art Altaians. The materials collected by Chevalkov were included in the first volume of V.V.’s work. Radlova "Samples folk literature Turkic tribes living in Southern Siberia." Among these materials, an autobiographical essay “The Life of Chevalkov” was presented. This is the first work of art in written Altai literature.
Thanks to M. Chevalkov’s acquaintance with almost all the scientists who visited the Altai Mountains during his lifetime, he had the opportunity to learn Russian literature and try his hand at literary translation.
A significant place among the translations is occupied by the fables of I.A. Krylova. Imitating Krylov’s fables, M. Chevalkov himself writes poems on themes from the life of the Altai people. The first book of poetry, “Instructive Articles in Poems in the Altai Language,” was published in Kazan in 1872.
Creativity M.V. Chevalkova gave impetus to the formation and development of modern Altai literature; it is studied in educational institutions of the Altai Republic.
In 2002, by Decree of the Government of the Altai Republic and the State Assembly of El-Kurultai National Library The Altai Republic was named after the educator and missionary M.V. Chevalkov.
Chichinov, Valery Ivanovich (1936-1999).
Born in the village. Cheposh, Elikmanar district. He grew up without a father and lost his mother early. My childhood was spent in the village. Anos.
In 1956, after finishing school, he entered the Gorno-Altai Pedagogical Institute, after which he devoted himself to journalism and teaching work.
He headed the literature sector of the Gorno-Altai Scientific Research Institute of History, Language and Literature, and was the scientific secretary of the institute.
Worked as a higher education teacher educational institutions Russian Federation, Minister of Culture of the Altai Republic.
V. Chichinov’s book “The Path of Young Literature,” written in collaboration with S. Katash, was published in 1973. In 1976, the book “The Address of Poetry - Gorny Altai” was published - the original work of a critic and literary critic. These works are still an indispensable primary source in the study of Altai fiction.
Member of the Union of Writers and the Union of Journalists of Russia. He was a member of the Board of the International Foundation for Humanitarian Initiatives at the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Co-Chairman of the International Roerich Society "Altai - Himalayas".
Awarded the Order of Friendship of Peoples.
Choros-Gurkin, Grigory Ivanovich (1870-1937).
He worked in an icon-painting workshop and taught in the villages of Ulala and Paspaul.
In 1899 he was enrolled as a volunteer in the landscape class of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts.
In 1900 he returned to Altai and settled with his family in the village. Anos.
In 1907 the first personal exhibition, which was a resounding success and brought widespread fame and glory.
The artist also wrote vivid literary essays about Altai.
G.I. Choros-Gurkin is an outstanding Altai artist. Chairman of the Altai Mining Duma (1917-1918), Chairman of the Karakorum-Altai Council (1918). Suffered from repression. October 11, day tragic death Altai artist and public figure, in the Altai Republic is declared a Day of Remembrance.
Chunizhekov, Chalchyk Anchinovich (1898-1973).
In 1916 he graduated from three classes of the parochial school; there was no opportunity to continue his education further.
Won the love and recognition of readers autobiographical story“Munduzak”, translated into Russian by A. Kitaynik.
C.A. Chunizhekov worked as secretary of the village council and as a collective farm accountant.
From 1938 to 1958 worked in the editorial office of the newspaper “Altaydyk Cholmony”.
Awarded the medals “For valiant labor during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945)” and “For labor valor.”
Member of the USSR Writers' Union (1958).
Shatinov, Shatra Pepishevich
(1938-2009).
In 1957 he graduated from the Gorno-Altai Regional National School. Studied at the Literary Institute named after. A.M. Gorky.
Sh.P. Shatinov worked as an editor at Gorno-Altai department of the Altai Book Publishing House, a literary employee in the newspapers “Altaydyn Cholmony” and “Zvezda Altai”.
He began to engage in literary creativity in 1959.
Translated one-act plays by A.P. into Altai. Chekhov, the story “Pepe - the little Cuban” by V. Chichkov and the tragedy of M. Karim “On the Night of the Lunar Eclipse”.
Laureate of the State Prize named after. G. I. Choros-Gurkina.
Member of the USSR Writers' Union (1978). People's Writer of the Altai Republic (2007).
Shinzhin, Tanyspai Boksurovich (1936).
Born on June 29, 1936 in the Ulegem tract, Ongudai district. From an early age he was left an orphan and was brought up in an orphanage.
Since childhood, I have mastered various types of throat singing.
In 1963 he graduated from the Gorno-Altai Pedagogical Institute.
T.B. Shinzhin worked as a teacher of Altai language and literature in schools in the region, a methodologist at the regional institute for advanced training of teachers, and an employee of the Gorno-Altai Scientific Research Institute of Languages and Literature.
In 1977 he became a laureate of the All-Russian and All-Union Show of Amateur Performances. He performed with throat singing in Barnaul, Novosibirsk, Moscow, Alma-Ata, Yakutsk, Elista, Ulaanbaatar, Paris, Geneva, Florence.
Knows about thirteen great epic tales.
He has published more than a dozen books of poetry and prose. He has published more than 300 scientific articles about kaichi singers, about Turkic-Mongolian storytellers and issues of Altai folklore.
He published the monograph “The Storyteller A. G. Kalkin” in Altai and Russian.
T.B. Shinzhin was awarded a Certificate of Honor from the Board of the Union of Writers of the Russian Federation. Honored Worker of Culture of the Russian Federation.
Member of the USSR Writers' Union (1976). Folk storyteller RA (2005).
Shodoev, Ivan Vasilievich (1914-2007).
Born on September 25, 1914 in the village. Ust-Kan, Ust-Kan district. He started working at the age of 14. He studied at the regional Soviet Party school.
In 1935 he graduated from the Odessa All-Union School of Children's Movement.
I.V. Shodoev worked in the apparatus of the district committee of the Komsomol, the district committee of the CPSU and the regional executive committee, executive secretary of the Gorno-Altai Writers' Organization, correspondent and editor of the newspaper "Altaydyn Cholmony".
Participant of the Great Patriotic War.
He began his creative activity in 1939.
The first book for children, “Bunny,” was published in 1958. Since then, others have been published: “Altyn-Sume,” “Do You Know?”, “First Steps,” “Karas,” “Irbizek,” “At Dawn,” “Terrible years”...
Chairman of the Ulagan Aimak Executive Committee (1954-56). He was awarded the Order of the Red Star, two orders of the Badge of Honor and medals.
Member of the USSR Writers' Union (1969). People's Writer of the Republic of Armenia (2004).
Edokov, Vladimir Ivanovich (1936-1995).
From 1953 to 1957 he studied at the Faculty of Russian Language and Literature of the Gorno-Altai State Pedagogical Institute.
In 1958 he entered the Faculty of Theory and History of Fine Arts at the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Graphics, Sculpture and Architecture. I. Repin. This is where the main theme of his scientific research– the life and work of the first professional Altai artist G.I. Choros-Gurkina.
Member of the Union of Artists of the USSR, was a member of the National Coordination Council for Artistic Crafts of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, a member of the Creative Commission for Art History and art criticism Academy of Arts of the USSR, member of the board of the Union of Artists of Russia, Chairman of the board of the Union of Artists of the RA.
Yalatov, Nikolai Kokurovich (Shunu Yalatov, 1927-2002).
After graduating from the veterinary college, he worked as a veterinarian in the villages of the Shebalinsky district. Constantly visited remote livestock camps, free time told their inhabitants heroic tales and fairy tales.
The unique form of performance of the epic made it accessible to listeners.
Performed by N.K. Yalatov is well known for the tales “Katan-Mergen” and “Katan-Kekshin”, “Kestoy-Mergen”, “Olengir”, “Kaltan-Kaan”, as well as prose tales and songs.
Member of the Writers' Union of the Russian Federation (1994).
Source of information:
- Altaidyn kaichilary: Russian-Alt. information Sat. - Barnaul: Azbuka LLC, 2010.
- Who is who in the Altai Republic: reference-biography. ed. Vol. first. - Gorno-Altaisk: IP "Alternative". - 1998.
- Laureates of the G.I. Choros-Gurkin Prize. - 2010.
- My destiny in the destiny of Altai: biogr. reference - Gorno-Altaisk, 2006.
- Writers of Gorny Altai: biobibliogr. reference - 1988.
- Altai Republic: brief encyclopedia. / ch. ed. A. S. Surazakov. - Novos Ibirsk: ARTA, 2010. - 366 p. : ill., table.
- Fate and literary heritage repressed: a view from the 21st century. - Gorno-Altaisk: Type. "Altai polygraph", 2010. - 189 p.
- Works of the staff of the Gorno-Altai Institute for Humanitarian Research, 1952-1995. : decree lit. - Gorno-Altaisk, 1997.
", including the most famous and beloved authors of our region. Robert Rozhdestvensky and Vasily Shukshin are not among them - they belong to the history of Russian literature.
Mark Yudalevich
“In Russia, a writer must live a long time,” said one literary critic.“An interesting game - who will out-memoir whom,” echoed another. Mark Iosifovich has no competition when it comes to memoirs. He was born in 1918, communicated (according to him) with Pasternak and Zabolotsky. When necessary, he wrote poems about Stalin; when it was no longer necessary, he wrote poems about Barnaul and the Altai Territory (enough to fill a whole anthology). Author of novels, plays and poems. Granddaughter famous writer was not averse to having a Barnaul street named after him. But the city decided otherwise. Of the classic's heritage, we most like his lyrical poems.
Autumn leaves rustle underfoot,
slightly cast silver,
I remember once we were walking in the park
just as fine as last September.
It was deserted, everything around was silent -
who is in the park at noon?
And it seemed to me that this was the beginning
something big that we will have.
But no, what I thought didn’t happen
and the days flew by, rejoicing, mourning,
the years flew by, cheerful and gloomy,
but everything without you, as always, without you.
I forgot about many things as I grew older over the years,
the temples have long been covered with gray hair,
and less aspirations, but still I regret,
that you are not with me, never with me.
And yet I still haven’t given up my desire,
even though you are now in a distant place,
but if it happens that the leaves rustle
managed to remind you of me.
Sergey Bozhenko
Bozhenko's theme is absurdity and anti-absurdity, the behavior of an ordinary person in unusual circumstances and the behavior of an unusual person in ordinary settings.
“As a child, I believed in God. Everything was simple. Aunt Masha, a front-line soldier, came from the village and instilled faith in me. She said:
If you take candy without asking, God will punish you.
I was worried:
Aunt Masha was triumphant. She specified:
The one at the top. He sees everything!
I pulled my head in. He quietly examined the ceiling. God cleverly hid.
The existence of the unknown God was indirectly confirmed by the learned neighbor Uncle Ilyukha. Sometimes he shouted:
In the triune God and mother corn!
My friend Pashka Pashkov cleared up the misunderstandings. He reported:
My grandmother’s God lives on the shrine. Behind the icon. When I'm busy, I turn off the light. So that he doesn't see...
I followed Pashkin's example. Sinned in the dark.
Sergey Bozhenko
Victor Sidorov
You can bet on anything - his collections were in any intelligent family, in any city reading room. In the story “Treasures of an Ancient Mound,” Sidorov depicts the Soviet Holden Caulfield from the Altai regional center of Klyuchi: a C-grade student and a spiritually rich personality. He is, of course, in love with an excellent student from his 7th grade, the main character is opposed by some hooligans and majors, and teachers and mentors, as always, obscure and dose out information. The book ends with a Soviet happy ending. But the hero is quite a living person, with whom every schoolchild can still identify. “Fedka Sych Loses His Nickname” and “The Secret of the White Stone” were written about city boys, for whom watching the black and white film “Suvorov” on TV is an event. After all, the books take place in the distant 60s... We strongly recommend this writer. Classic, no discounts.
Leonid Merzlikin
Photo: Shishkov Library archive
The poet studied at the Literary Institute and was friends with the “Moscow people”.
Now a street in Barnaul bears the name of Merzlikin.
Like many writers of that generation, I couldn’t survive the 1990s. Didn't "fit into the turn." It became out of tune with the era and was not needed; it could not adapt to capitalist rails. But his poems will remain in Russian poetry. Such is the mysticism of life. A young lover will make a date with a girl on the street named after Merzlikin.
It happened in April, on the day of the water field, Having passed the last stream behind the hut, They drove woven stakes into the gap, They ran to the valleys to look at the willow. On wet fir trees overgrown with grass, Where the rook squinted on a horned bush, To the ringing of balalaikas they gathered in a crowd, They gave handkerchiefs and played rounders. And the evening is filled with lightning painted the sky, And the spring song songs burned to the ground, And the mother with a twig stood at the spinning wheel, I couldn’t get my sons to come to dinner. Now we meet spring differently. But I found no resentment in my heart. The pine trees are still humming over the Elan trees, A barefoot willow looks into the water. And again I can’t sit still, And again I run into the loud space, And again in the evening in lightning and songs I was shot point-blank with a willow bud. I will fall to the ground, on wet clods, And I’m ready to cry in the spring meadow. Earth, you understand, I’m not worried about anyone, I just can’t do it any other way now...
Vladimir Bashunov
Photo: Shishkov Library archive
The poet did not live very well long life(1946-2005), was successful and recognized during his lifetime - the author’s first book was published when he was just a fifth-year student at BSPU.
For many years he worked at the Altai book publishing house.
But the exhausting need to earn money with one's back - after the Soviet sinecure - led to depression and early death. Many remember Vladimir Methodievich as a sympathetic interlocutor, a wise man and a patron of talents. And his poems send a chill down your spine.
STATION FORTUNE TELLER You're talking nonsense, okay continue, I won't interfere. Life flies at random and awkwardly, so much so that it seems like you can’t breathe. Fortune telling, fortune teller, hint about fate and price - I don’t mind crafty pieces of paper just what do I need in your chatter? What can you understand from gossip? thin lines covering the palm? And is it open to outside eyes? hidden fire under them? It flows through all the capillaries... About the outcome of love and longing what can you tell by the blows, radiating to the hand? You fool chilled souls, bypassing a crowded station; you won’t sigh for them, you won’t cry... And why did God punish you? I watch how you sway your skirts how smartly and affectionately you lie. I would warn you - you won’t hear, but if you hear it, you will hardly understand.
Alexey Nikiforov
Emilia KHOMICH
A look at children's literature Alta Yisky region.
Children's literature of Altai-This is not a myth, but a reality: it cannot be ignored. " Literary childhood“The region, which is quite prosperous in terms of creativity, has a predominantly folklore matrix. For some writers, folklore is the basis of creativity; other-they assimilate it as an element of style, while others experience the indirect influence of folklore on the rhythmic organization of verse. Folklore largely predetermined discoveries and new ways of organizing poetic material.
Considering current trends regional children's poetry, it is impossible to bypass its masters: Vasily Nechunaev and Valentina Novichikhin. Their experience and practice give reason to talk about the direction and literary school. Not all authors of children's books must recognize themselves as students of the Nechunaevo-Novichikhin school, but every children's writer looks at the world through children's eyes, reflecting reality “from the height of a child’s height.” This is how the writer’s childishness manifests itself. A children's writer feels the rhythm of children's speech and knows the rules of language play, and masters the technique of stylization. "Game"- keyword children's book. The fact that children's literature- playing field, both experts and writers are unanimous.
Children's literature of Altai, following in its best examples the “adult” literature, has its own experience in mastering children's consciousness. Every book by Nechunaev-Nechunaev's book. Any text by Novichikhina-text by Novichikhina. That is, the authors are recognizable both in the author’s intonation and in the sound imagery and aphorism of the language. Altai critic Vladimir Sokolov, among the advantages of the children's poet Nechunaev, noted “living figurative language, deep penetration into child psychology and subtle humor, understandable not only to children, but also to adults.” Children's poet Valentina Novichikhina, using the technique of speech stylization, changing speech masks, creates new sounds and words- images. Each of the poets has his own feature, but children's writers also have a certain commonality. Everyone creates their own literary image of childhood, but in each of them-dominant of happiness. The “happy childhood” paradigm came to children's literature and became entrenched in it during the period of Soviet classics. “Thank you for our happy childhood, dear country!”-the main recitation of the Soviet era. In this case, happiness-The category is impersonal in the literal sense of the word, collective. It will take some time before the “happy childhood” paradigm ceases to be a general rule for everyone. In modern children's literature, the formula “happy childhood” has a different interpretation.
In the 21st century, original artists, graphic artists and painters came to children's literature in Altai: Olga Matushkina, Tamara Plotnikova, Larisa Ryabinina, Elena Abdullaeva, Elena Chernysh, Alexander Markin. The artists’ illustrations correspond to the high status of “children’s text” and emphasize the aesthetic independence of each individual book. Each of them is an example of a positive artist, optimistic about the world and protecting the child’s psyche.
There is a category of authors who create text “according to the waves of my memory.” As a rule, these are writers who write for children occasionally, during pauses in “adult” creativity. About myself, about my childhood-memoirs are usually written by those who for some reason, for example, in an era of social upheaval, “hides into children’s literature.” There are plenty of such books in the children's reading circle. They are educational, lyrically colored and addressed to middle-age children. school age . Examples of retrospectives can be found in the prose of Vladimir Bychkov; his bright texts are dedicated to friends and comrades of distant childhood. Quality literary texts there is no doubt, but the average young reader will prefer a book “about us and about now.” IN modern book he can find a reason for identification, meet peers and, perhaps, find answers to “children’s questions.” In practice, it happens that works are defined as children's, but without the author's intention for a potential reader, it is difficult to stay in children's literature. The children's writer writes about childhood not from residual memories, for him childhood-not time or period of life, but an immanent state of the soul. The phrase "children's writer" means a profession, but the word "children's"-the property is not so much from the profession, but rather a given talent from above.
Taking into account all the advantages of Altai children's literature, we note, however, the shortage of plot poems and children's lyrics, as well as the lack of civil poetry and drama.
In the history of the issue one cannot help but recall Lev Kvin, Viktor Sidorov, Anna Kiseleva-writers who brought back the adventure genre to teenagers. At one time, the Altai Robinsonade actively participated in the general literary overcoming of the varnishing of the reality of “happy childhood.” The writers acted as confidantes for their characters and wrote down their stories "with brief explanations and interpretations without a single drop of fiction." Books by talented writers are still in demand among readers today.
A review of texts read by teenagers shows a growing interest in the work of Vladimir Svintsov. The writer enriched the literature of Altai with the experience of adventure prose and animalistic poetics. Svintsov, using local material, created a “school for positive maturation of teenagers.” Themes of hunting and fishing, images of our little brothers in the writer’s prose contain enormous therapeutic potential.
Health issue for young readers-one of the main ones in new children's literature. Bibliotherapy activates the mechanism of displacing negative emotions with positive energy. It turns out that literature can, if not treat, then prevent many childhood illnesses, and it also “helps adults find the forgotten child within themselves” (©Marina Boroditskaya).
Today we can say that literature for children and teenagers appeared in Altai not as new items as such, but as a result of new trends and as a product of a renewed tradition.
The new type of literature is represented by the following authors and books.
Olga Kolpakova “It’s all for beauty”.
The name of the writer Olga Kolpakova is known in different parts of Russia. Her books are usually addressed to a primary and secondary school readership.age, but are successful in other age groups readers, moreover, they are bidirectional, adults read them with pleasure.
The story within stories “It's All for Beauty” confirms the status of its author as a children's writer. Olga Kolpakova masterfully masters the techniques of conveying the originality of children's speech, the child reader's perception and reflection of the world around her.
The text of the story is presented in accordance with the requirements for a children's book, it represents yourself a series of pictures replacing one after another, the editing of which creates a balance of the emotional and intellectual levels of the children's text. The movement of the text is motivated; the change of pictures is ensured by the plot of the journey. The family travels by train to visit their grandparents in the village, which will be presented in the tradition of the “here is my village” theme. Tikhonya River, Babushkiny Gorki hills, butterflies and lungworts, lizards and grasshoppers, anthill and wasp nest, red rose hips- natural world brightly colored and discussed with childish joy of acceptance. With childlike wonder, the characters discover new aspects of the natural world. Along the way, they get acquainted with the pedigree of their families. The playful poetics of the family story is revealed in home games. Play word games primitive people, play with magic cats and a little sorceress. Eating pies with poppy seeds and drinking magic drinks. A magical country, a magical childhood. The real world and the fairy-tale world in artistic unity create the image of a small homeland.
Olga Kolpakova “Know, work and don’t be afraid!” .
The story of Mikhail Kalashnikov and his assault rifle
The book was created using local material and is dedicated to our fellow countryman, the famous designer Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov. Choosing a theme-is already patriotic in itself. The narration is kept in a strict style, simple syntax prevails. The author “keeps his head down”: the facts speak for him. Perhaps we have not had such a book that educates readers on real events and real documents of the era, on real example. The story of an individual as an example of purposeful progress through life, as a path to realizing a dream. Dream of peace. Serving the Motherland. Personal growth. Self-discipline. Political diploma. All of the above-a worthy example to follow; first of all, the book will be of interest to boys of adolescence. The pedagogical problem is solved by the author without pathos or edification. Moderate didacticism does not reduce the height of educational potential, which, of course, distinguishes the story of how an ordinary person created himself, cultivating devotion to ideals, strength of character and a responsible attitude to the work of his whole life-working on weapons. The man who created the legendary Soviet weapon becomes a legend himself. The targeting of teenagers is obvious and justified, but the book can also be recommended to readers of a fair age. Biaddressing-text quality indicator.
It should be noted that in some children's books the design and reference and information support of the text is carefully carried out. Such books strengthen reading skills and develop a reading habit.
EustaciaTarasawa"Golden Cat" .
The name is quite well known among children's writers in Russia. Readers remember Eustasia Tarasava from her debut fairy tale “Egorka and the Serpent Dobrynych.”
Tale-fairy tale - This is how the author declares the genre of the new book, addressing it to a wide readership. Arguments of preference: firstly, the story is an adventure, and secondly, it is based on local material, the action takes place in the Altai region and the Altai mountains. In addition, this author likes to name two or three names of famous people in the region, which, on the one hand, increases the popularity of eminent people, on the other-emphasizes the authenticity of the events taking place. Reliability is also enhanced by footnotes, references, references-author's additions and author's lyrical digressions. The author-narrator is in love and conveys this feeling to his characters. The golden cat, or rather its figurine, serves as a kind of amulet for travelers and has the peculiarity of turning into a living cat, suddenly appearing and also suddenly disappearing.
Based on the tradition of regional classics, Eustacia Tarasawa introduces gender changes to the well-known plot. Giving roles to girls changes the angle of view and the axiology of discoveries. Thus, the author not only focuses on Scythian motifs, but also shows himself to be an expert in food, clothing, ritual, and etiquette of the population of a particular area, which, of course, expands the functions of a children's book.
But, if we compare, “The Golden Cat,” unlike “Kalashnikov,” is a fiction book, a play book. This is not a disadvantage of one or an advantage of another book. Both Eustacia Tarasawa and Olga Kolpakova own literary devices, know the features of child psychology and the requirements for publishing a children's book.
Eustacia Tarasawa "We Wake Up"
The unusual story of Sanka Ivanov sends readers following the hero to the memory of their ancestors. For several nights in a row, the boy sees a soldier in his dreams, who turns out to be his great-grandfather, and each time he conducts a dialogue with him. The book is very convincing in its educational functions and modern in its methods emotional impact on readers, even adults who read “We Wake Up” talk about the catharsis they experienced. Themes of unity of generations, traditions, memory and oblivion, heroism and civic duty, family preservation predict reader preference.
Purpose of the book-formation in young readers of morality and devotion to the ideal, nurturing love for the fatherland and loyalty to the main cause of life, service to the Motherland. And this is said in the general course of the narrative, not head-on, not to the roar of drums. Worth reading the books discussed-they can become fateful for the reader.
Irina Tskhai “What kind of children are there?” .
The fairy tales “How a Little Insect Looked for Its Mother” and “The Brave Seed” were combined by the author into a book, the addressee of which is easily guessed. The book opens with the story “How a little insect was looking for its mother.” The motif is not new for children’s literature, take the story of a baby mammoth, for example. The literary device is the same, the intonation is different. In the story with the little insect, it is major and life-affirming. The search route expands the habitat of the insect and makes it possible to introduce it and the readers to other inhabitants of the common space, and the reader gets the opportunity to game form discover the world of insects.
The second part of the book “The Brave Seed”, botanical, is addressed to older bookworms. The brave dandelion seed sees all plants in flight, including medicinal ones, which is what it tells a wide readership about.
Getting to know the world of plants better, an inquisitive character will learn all about the benefits of each plant. And he learns to “bury himself” on his own in order to grow again. The simple stories told by Irina Tskhai have an educational purpose, which the author and child readers can easily cope with. The ironic reader, agreeing with the author that “it’s good to be ladybug”, does not exclude the success of the book, since the author did not deceive him in his aesthetic expectations.
Olga Kan “Wow - You!". Poetry
Most of the poems written in the first person are “ children's text", meeting the requirements for it. First-person narration enhances the authenticity of the character’s experiences and impressions and supports the emotional background. Text-light, his lexemes implement the concept of goodness, truth and justice, for example, in the poems “Good morning!”, “Carousel”. The content of the text is understandable to the addressee, who will also easily perceive the playful element of the verse. The main poetic mechanism-reflex of surprise, reflex of discovery: “I have two different eyes", "Opening", "Wow!", "At Aunt Aglaya's". The author knows “children's questions”, role-playing technology of children's poems, and is free in both dialogical and rhetorical constructions. Favorite form of poetry-question and answer. Emotional atmosphere, humor, health, author’s maxims-all the advantages of the book guarantee reader success.
ElenaBcall "Little Girl's Big Adventure"
The author used a win-win plot device on which the intrigue of the fairy tale rests. One of the little bookworms tore a page out of the fairy tale about Little Red Riding Hood. The book was treated, the page was restored, but it was soon discovered that a replacement had occurred: a page from another fairy tale had been pasted into the book-about Puss in Boots. As a result of confusion in the text of the first fairy tale, significant changes occurred, which became the cause of new plot twists.
The plot of the tale is dynamic, there are no drawn-out descriptions, the emotional background, on the contrary, is present, and the psychology of the emotional relationships of the characters is revealed correctly. The paintings are predominantly visual, traditional images are generalized. The author's word is colored with good irony. The fairy-tale design of the book allows, without tiring the attention of the little reader, to solve issues of education and upbringing indirectly.
Elena Ozhich “Old Town”
The book is written in the form of a school essay. About what he reads school essay, the reader finds out at the very end of the book. The story is narrated in the first person by ninth-grader Maria Orlikova, who talks about a Sunday trip with her class to the Old Town. Since the narrator neglects analytics, the reader interprets and comments on the text on his own, working with symbols and studying ways of expressing the author's consciousness. Subjecting the traditional genre to internal renewal, the author declares a trend towards genre synthesis: pedagogical fantasy, school story, children's dystopia, etc.
In the Old Town, “until quite recently everything was old, old: houses, shops, and factories.” When everything began to fall apart, people began to leave the city. The city was left without people, it was repaired and old men and old women were invited to resettle.
The city was repopulated, but this circumstance did not change life in it. The atmosphere of economical old age, when poverty is presented as modest behavior in everyday life, and modest desires-for simplicity of character and devotion to tradition. Poverty, disrepair, moss-everything looks and feels normal. Costumed tourists, dressed in moth-eaten trash, glue their beards and mustaches, put on glasses and wigs, burkas on their feet, and gloves with cut-off fingers on their hands. Girls with wallets, boys with crutches. Having checked compliance with the instructions, the border guard accepted the entrance fee and raised the barrier.
Old Town - the territory of pensioners of post-Soviet reality, recognizable in the soviet details of the material world: coupon, certificates, queue, tram conductor, worn wallets. Theater of the Absurd. "Museum under open air with live exhibits!” “This is cool!”-ninth-grader Ivashov will say, and Svetlana Robertovna will call the trip an “educational event.” An isolated autonomous world where old people live according to a given pattern. “And so that young people don’t forget about the old people, we decided to make excursions to the Old Town mandatory for schoolchildren, students and other citizens of working age.
Absurdity, paradoxes, parodic elements characterize the stylish pen of Elena Ozic. Non-standard description, a special irrational view of the world, denial of established rules and standards. In this case, irony becomes a tool of vision. An example of the underground, a challenge to mass literature, a way of expressing the author’s awareness of the post-Soviet space. Stylish thing.
The text is distinguished by its precision and literary quality. And at the same time he is so piercing.
New for readers of all categories and all types of reading-Elena Ozhich "My dad is a boy." The book convinces us that such a sophisticated children's writer as Jelena Ozic will no longer be able to write poorly. Therefore, we feel free to read everything that comes from her stylish pen.
Anna Nikolskaya "Valya" offline »
A short story addressed to teenagers. It is easy to read because it is written in good literary language and professionally designed. A book of bibliotherapeutic orientation. Nikolskaya already had experience working with such text-“Through Zashkafi, head over heels.” The author has knowledge of the psychology of a teenager, an understanding of the characteristics of this character, and masters literary techniques in its creation. The structural-narrative principle was successfully chosen: the main character tells her story from the height of another, already lived, time. The style of the story is reminiscent of diary entries, which corresponds to the genre laws of teenage prose and allows the author to be psychologically convincing. Modern readers can easily recognize themselves or their friends among the characters, and perhaps find answers to questions that for some reason they never ask adults. The reasons are not stated, but they are obvious. The story is two-fold: the device of two worlds makes the adult reader think about the difficult relationship between parents and children. However, the threat of conflict is removed by the motive of a miracle, which, as is known, happens to those who believe in it. A very positive book for teenagers. Anna Nikolskaya is incredibly talented. Writer-orchestra. Always in search. Any detail, any object can become a reason for a spontaneous plot, any original tendency becomes a fact of her creativity.
Thus, children's literature of the Altai region in its artistic understanding and professional execution has declared itself quite clearly. Public attention to high-quality children's literature was attracted by competitions at various levels, thanks to which readers could navigate the choice of books. The regional competition for publication played an important role literary works. The competition has been held since 2009 “for the purpose of state support for authors of literary works living in the Altai Territory and continuing to the best traditions national literature, nurturing a love for native land and popularization of its cultural heritage, increasing public prestige literary creativity in the region." Thanks to this support, children's books by Vasily Nechunaev, Irina Tskhai, Yustasia Tarasawa, Valentina Novichikhina, Olga Takmakova, Elena Ozhich, Lyuba Akimova, Elena Byzova, Sergei Matyushenko, Alexander Ostapov, Olga Kolpakova, Olga Kan were published.
Libraries in the region play a major role in supporting children's books in the Altai Territory. The initiators in organizing and conducting events to attract public attention to the phenomenon of “literature in literature” are the Altai Regional Library named after. V.Ya. Shishkov (AKUNB) and Altai Regional Children's Library named after. N.K. Krupskaya (AKDB).
Unique, a publishing project that has no analogues among Russian libraries for the production of children's fiction books in the series “Writers of the Altai Territory”-for children" was developed by the AKDB team. The implementation of this project allowed the libraries of the Altai Territory to have in their collections the best examples of children's local history books. The project is being implemented free of charge, and the best illustrators and famous publishers of the Altai Territory take part in it.
Books published within the project:
Valentina Kryukova “Who started the chaos?” (2011);
"New Day" (2014);
Elena Ozic “Stars Found in the Forest” (2011);
"For the Love of Art" (2013);
"Felted Boot" (2014);
Danil Rodionov “Behind the Veil of a Fairy Tale” (2012);
Vasily Nechunaev “Larochkino Sea” (2013);
Valery Tikhonov “My Lukomorye” (2013);
Vladimir Bychkov “Horse” (2011);
Natalya Streltsova “Moon Cat” (2014);
Valentina Novichikhina “Forest Fair” (2014),
"The Adventures of the Green Frog" (2014),
"Forget-me-not" (2015);
Lidia Kalashnikova "Box" fairy tales"(2014);
Nina Rodionova “Fairy Tales” (2014);
Vasily Shukshin “Distant Winter Evenings” (2014);
Olga Moskovka “The Magic Book” (2015).
The pride of the publishing project is collection of stories by V.M. Shukshin “Distant Winter Evenings”, published thanks to the initiative and support of the Governor of the Altai Territory A.B. Karlin on the occasion of the 85th anniversary of the great countryman, was recognized as the winner of the competition “Best Book of Altai - 2014” in the category “Best Book for Children”.Altai writers become laureates and diploma recipients literary competitions held outside the region. So, only 2011 brought several victories: diploma winners of the fourth international competition of children's and youth literature named after. A.N. Tolstoy (2011-2012) were: Anna Nikolskaya in the nomination “Prose for Children”, Sergey Buzmakov in the nomination “Fiction for Youth” and Konstantin Filatov in the category “ Educational book for youth." Elena Ozic
-Diploma winner of the international literary competition named after. Vladislav Krapivin. Vladislav Pasechnik won one of the main Russian literary awards given to young writers,- "Debut" award 2011" in the category "Large Prose" for the historical story "Mode". This story is abridged children's version shortlisted for the first season All-Russian competition for the best work for children and youth “Kniguru”. In 2016, Eustacia Tarasawa’s story “We Awaken” was awarded International competition fairy tales for children "Tales of the Magic Lotus". The tale of the famous mouse by Irina Tskhai was awarded the Grand Prix of the V International Competition “New Fairy Tales”- 2015.”The main achievement of modern children's literature in Altai is that it has a reader's resonance.
Khomich, Emilia. A look at children's literature of the Altai region / Emilia Petrovna Khomich // Altai. – 2016. – June (No. 1). – pp. 167–173.
About beauty native nature.
Target: To acquaint students with the problem “Man and nature in the works of Altai poets and writers”, regional problems of the Altai region, to make them think about the fact that nature is not limitless, because in relations with it a person has crossed a moral line.
Lesson design.
Exhibition of books by Altai poets and prose writers at environmental themes. Map of protected areas of the Altai Territory.
Posters about nature; drawings depicting the flora and fauna of the Altai Territory, Red Book of the Altai Territory, video film
Progress of the lesson.
1.Organizational moment
Take care of these lands, these waters,
Loving even a small epic,
Take care of all animals inside nature
Kill only the beasts within yourself!
E. Yevtushenko.
2.Learning new material.
A) Teacher's opening speech.
“A very unfavorable sanitary and epidemiological situation has developed on the shores of Lake Manzherok, declared a natural monument. The lake is very popular among the local population and among guests of the republic. However, the reservoir does not have the status of a recreational facility. There are no such simple elements infrastructure, such as access roads, parking lots, toilets, garbage containers", as a result, the shores of the lake are covered with garbage and sewage, which enter the lake with stormwater.
What or who threatens the disappearance of this amazing body of water?
There are 33 reserves in the region. In the Altai Territory, 100 natural monuments have been approved, of which 54 are geological, 31 water, 14 botanical and 1 complex. One of them is the Tigirek Nature Reserve.”
Message from a student.
State natural reserve"Tigireksky" was formed on December 4, 1999. Located in the southwestern part of the Altai Territory, including the Zmeinogorsky, Tretyakovsky and Krasnoshchekovsky districts bordering Kazakhstan.
The purpose of the creation is to preserve the biological and landscape diversity of the territory of North-Western Altai - a unique region of the Altai-Sayan mountain region. This is one of the youngest reserves in Russia. Of particular value to the reserve are such plant communities as black taiga and forest-steppe. The area of the reserve is 100,000, with a protective zone of 100,000 square meters. The reserve consists of three sections:
Tigireksky - adjacent to the village of Tigirek from the south;
Khankharinsky - the upper reaches of the Bolshaya Khankhara River.
The reserve's terrain is mid-mountain with dome-shaped peaks. Absolute heights reach 2200 meters above sea level. The river network of the territory is dense and branched. The largest river in the reserve is Belaya. On the right, the Bolshoy Tigirek, Irkutka, Bolshaya Berlozhya, and Krokhalikha flow into it, and on the left is the Strizhanka River. In the southwest of the territory, the rivers Glubokaya, Chesnokov and Vostochny Alei, Bolshaya Cherepanikha, which belong to the Alei system, originate. The climate of the reserve is sharply continental with hot summers and cold winter. The main area is occupied by black taiga, which is an ancient (relict) formation. The reserve serves as a refuge for the following tertiary relicts: Osmoria ospinosa, European hoofed grass, common wolfberry, and broadleaf bellflower. Flora includes large number medicinal, fodder, melliferous, ornamental plants. TO medicinal plants include Rhodiola rosea (golden root), maral root, bergenia, etc. Among food plants, the most famous are spinach sorrel, blueberries, viburnum, prickly rose hips, and common asparagus. The Red Books of the Russian Federation (2008) and the Altai Territory (2006) include: Baltic palmate root, feather grass, Altai stelleropsis, steppe peony, Siberian kandyk and others. In total, 34 species of plants, 12 species of lichens and 2 species of mushrooms, listed in the Red Books of the regional and federal level. The fauna of the reserve is represented primarily by such large animals as brown bear, deer, roe deer, elk. Sable, weasel weasel, ermine, squirrel, chipmunk, and mountain hare are widespread. Less common are lynx, weasel, wolverine, solongoi, and a few musk deer. There are many species of birds found in the reserve. The most characteristic forest birds are hazel grouse, black grouse, great owl, great owl, nutcracker, and occasionally capercaillie is found. On the territory of the reserve there are 38 rare and endangered species of animals, including 14 species of animals, 16 species of birds, 1 species of fish, 7 species of insects, 1 species of arachnids, included in the national and regional Red Books. Why are natural monuments, nature reserves, and wildlife sanctuaries created?
Watching the video “Tigirek Nature Reserve” (Internet resources)
4. reading the poem " Take care of the Earth! R. Rozhdestvensky
We're shredding the forest,
We change the flow of rivers,
Near these rivers, dunes and swamps.
At the most gigantic sunrise,
In the smallest fry...
I don’t want to think about it yet,
Now we have no time for that yet.
Airfields, piers and platforms,
1. How does a person behave in relations with nature?
2. Tell me, what is the poet calling for?
3.Which main idea sounds in the poems of our fellow countrymen?
(The main idea that sounds in the works of our fellow countrymen is that an immoral attitude towards nature leads to the destruction of man himself. Inner beauty a person should also include a feeling of love for his native nature)
Exhibition of books by Altai writers.
Lesson summary
What did you like about the lesson?
Were you interested?
Homework
Optional: expressive reading one poem that you liked;
learn by heart.
Sergey Legkodymov
How many beautiful kind words have been said
And I wouldn’t want to repeat myself after someone
But every time to the depth of the basics
I never tire of admiring Altai
Yes, there is a lot in the world in my understanding
Places where nature can be more beautiful
But this is Altai, we live here
And everything around is native – that means ours.
Native air, rivers and fields
Blue lakes are the eyes of the earth.
And I won’t get tired of admiring
On the lace of blue ridges in the distance.
The gaze drowns in the blue of the transparent sky,
There is a green round dance around the forests.
How much has been lost by those who were not here?
How much will anyone who has been here find?
And, in general, it doesn’t matter where you were born.
But Altai will beckon again and again
After all, having been here it is impossible not to fall in love
To this magical clean mountain region.
Vladimir Semizarov, Barnaul contemporary poet
And Manzherok is still young,
As when from the khan
She rushed into the arms of Babyrgan,
His beauty is Katun.
And Manzherok is still brave,
Like a snow leopard, despising death
Running towards a flock of people,
Under the screeching of primitive arrows.
But Manzherok is still new.
He remembers the hordes of Dzungars,
Coming from distant passes,
To the Russians, the daring archers.
And Manzherok is still as quiet
And in the color of a water chestnut,
The hit that Piekha sang sounds
Oleva has a perky verse.
Take care of the Earth!
R. Rozhdestvensky
We're shredding the forest,
We change the flow of rivers,
We insist that there is a lot to do.
But we will come again to ask for forgiveness
Near these rivers, dunes and swamps.
At the most gigantic sunrise,
In the smallest fry...
I don’t want to think about it yet,
Now we have no time for that yet.
Airfields, piers and platforms,
Forests without birds and land without water...
Less and less of the surrounding nature,
More and more - the environment.
