Finger theater for kindergarten with hands. DIY finger theater

Psychologists have proven that play activity is an integral component of the harmonious all-round development of preschool children. This is due to age characteristics development mental processes kids. With the help of this, preschoolers learn about the world around them, learn to communicate and interact with peers, and adapt to society. One of the effective types of gaming activity in kindergarten is the theater. In such activities, preschoolers show creative activity, realize their potential, and develop their abilities. That is why it is so important to hold theatrical games in preschool educational institutions. Such activities are organized in preschool institution in the most different forms. We will look at what types of theaters there are in kindergarten and how to organize them correctly in this material. In addition, we will share interesting ideas production of attributes and equipment for carrying out such work.

The influence of theatrical play on the development of a preschooler

It is impossible to overestimate the beneficial effects of theatrical games. This activity contributes to:

• children’s learning and retention of educational material;
• speech development and fine motor skills;
• formation of communication skills;
• development of creative abilities, identification of children’s talents;
• developing the ability to interact with others;
• the formation of the sensitive-emotional sphere;
• the emergence of a sustainable interest in fiction and books;
• education of aesthetic taste;
• development of such personal qualities, such as determination, will, initiative and others.

Types of theaters in preschool educational institutions

Thus, the organization of theatrical activities in preschool education achieves a number of educational and educational goals. In addition, it contributes to the implementation of the requirements of the state standard, since thanks to this form pedagogical work, children learn to independently put forward ideas, argue, show initiative and creativity.

What types of theaters can be organized in kindergarten? IN pedagogical literature It is proposed to carry out activities with preschoolers such as:

• table theater;
• bench;
• riding;
• wrist;
• floor;
• living puppet theater

In turn, each of these types is divided into subspecies. We will tell you more about each of them below.

Stand theater

A stand theater is a surface on which character figures and decorations are attached. This type includes:

1. Theater on flannelgraph (board covered with fabric). To organize this, you will need an industrial or self-made flannelgraph and figurines-characters of the selected work of art, on which it is necessary to reverse side attach Velcro. Thus, as the plot develops, the child is invited to attach the necessary figures to the flannelgraph.
2. Magnetic is essentially the same as the previous type, only a metal board is used, and magnetic strips are attached to the figures instead of Velcro. The basis and, accordingly, the characters of such a theater can be the most different sizes: from small desktop version, up to a full-fledged screen for an auditorium or music hall.
3. in kindergartens is the most mysterious and unusual for children to perceive; preschoolers enthusiastically participate in such a game. To organize this type of theater you will need a screen (white fabric stretched vertically), a lantern or table lamp (depending on the size of the screen), and black cardboard figures. Instead of using toy characters, shadows can be created directly with your hand and fingers. This type is called “living shadow theater”.

Tabletop theater

The name of this type of theater speaks for itself - play activities are carried out on the table. Its peculiarity is that the scenery and characters must be small in size so that it is possible to place all the necessary attributes of the game on the surface. What is a tabletop theater like in kindergarten?

1. Paper (cardboard). Often this ready theater can be found in any children's magazine- you just need to cut out and assemble all the necessary parts and you can start the performance.
2. Magnetic is a metal board with magnets - characters from a fairy tale.
3. Theater from natural material, for example, cones, chestnuts, acorns, etc. It is convenient to place such characters in a box of sand.

"Rar" theater

This type includes theatrical activities, which require attributes such as finger puppets or “glove” toys. There are the following “wrist” types of theaters in kindergarten:

• finger;
• glove

What is needed to organize such theatrical activities? First of all, you need a screen. Its size depends directly on the size of the characters. In turn, dolls are most often made independently by the teacher. But students can also take an active part in creating characters. For example, you can make finger puppets from cardboard cones, fabric, tennis balls and other materials.

“Glove puppets” can be made, for example, from a mitten or sock, sewing the necessary elements (face, hands, clothes, etc.) to the base.

It's important to note that finger theater, among other advantages, effectively develops fine motor skills of preschoolers, which, in turn, directly affects the formation of children’s speech.

Horse Theater

What is a horse theater? This term was introduced by Russian puppeteers back in the 16th century. Its peculiarity is that the dolls are taller than the person who controls them. There are the following types:

1. Reed theater uses puppets, which are mounted on a high cane, and the person who controls the characters is hidden behind a screen.
2. The Bi-ba-bo theater is becoming increasingly popular. In principle, this is the same “glove”, since the dolls are put on the hand. The only difference is that a high screen is used and, thus, the characters are shown to the audience at a level higher than the puppeteer’s height.
3. No less interesting is the theater of spoons in kindergarten. Attributes for this play activity making your own is very easy. For this you will need a wooden spoon. The character’s face is drawn on its convex part, and clothes are put on the handle fairy tale hero. During production children's performance little puppeteers hold spoon characters by the handle.

Floor theater

Floor theater uses puppets. Making them yourself is quite difficult, so most often they are purchased in specialized stores. Due to this feature, this type of theatrical activity is rarely carried out in kindergartens. But it is the puppet theater that evokes a storm of emotions and delight in preschoolers. Since children do not yet understand the mechanism of action of such dolls, children imagine that the toys themselves have “come to life”. It is this element of “miracle”, “fairy tale” that contributes to the emergence positive emotions in preschoolers.

Living Puppet Theater

But more often than others it is organized “live” puppet theater in kindergarten. Such an activity can be carried out as a lesson on the development of speech, the surrounding world, the study foreign language, as well as during leisure time. In addition, a live theater production can be dedicated to a holiday, for example, Maslenitsa or New Year.

Distinguish the following types described gaming activities:

• masque;
• theater of giant puppets.

The latter is most often carried out as a leisure activity in a preschool educational institution. The roles of giant dolls are played either by adults or older preschoolers. Younger children can only act as spectators.

Then the mask theater is suitable for children of any age. Even the youngest pupils have the opportunity to “reincarnate” into the hero of a fairy tale. The teacher can invite the children to retell this in an unusual way a story that kids love or prepare a full-fledged performance for parents.

Preschoolers can make masks for the upcoming performance on their own under the guidance of a teacher, for example, during classes on artistic and aesthetic development or during leisure activities.

How to make a screen for a theater in a preschool educational institution yourself?

In order to organize theatrical activities with preschoolers, you will need various attributes, including masks, dolls, and decorations. Of course, the necessary equipment can be purchased in specialized stores. But by inviting kids to make the necessary equipment for the theatricalization of a fairy tale, it is possible not only to diversify educational process preschoolers, increase motivation to labor activity, but also to realize the main educational and educational goals.

What can you use to make a theater for preschoolers? For most species this creative activity a theater screen is needed. In kindergarten, there is usually the specified equipment either in the playroom or in music hall. But if you don’t have a screen of the required size, you can make it yourself.

The easiest way to make such an attribute for a theatrical game is to stretch thick fabric over the doorway. Depending on what type of activity is supposed to be carried out, a “window” is either cut out in the material or an indentation is made at the top to accommodate the characters.

Screen for finger theater

To organize a finger theater, you will need a small screen. Therefore, this attribute can be made from cardboard boxes, at the bottom of which it is necessary to cut a hole. Such a screen then needs to be aesthetically decorated. It is recommended to decorate the box with universal decorations so that you do not have to make a new screen for each fairy tale separately. So, you can design it in the form of a forest clearing and place it as a “house on the edge.”

Dolls for theater in preschool educational institutions from scrap materials

Preschoolers really enjoy making their own unusual materials character dolls for theatrical games. What can such attributes be made of? Teacher, practitioner creativity at work, he is able to make figures from the most unexpected materials. For example, a paper theater is the simplest and quick way homemade characters.

You can also use wooden ice cream sticks, covering them with felt, foil, or colored self-adhesive film. Photos of such characters for theatrical activities can be seen below.

Materials for making characters

What else can you make characters from:

• cardboard, making two holes for fingers in the lower part;
• matchboxes;
• tennis balls;
• inflatable balloons;
• disposable tableware: plates, cups, spoons;
• socks, mittens, gloves;
• plastic bottles;
• natural material, etc.

In this way, you can organize different types of theaters in kindergarten. When planning such activities, it is important for the teacher to take into account age and individual characteristics pupils, their interests. In addition, it is necessary not only to conduct the theatrical game correctly, but also to methodically correctly think through the preparatory and final stages working with children. The effectiveness of pedagogical work with preschoolers in general depends on these factors.

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Slide captions:

Municipal budget preschool educational institution“Kindergarten of a general developmental type No. 24” NMR RT Passport of the “Finger Theater - walking finger puppets” Compiled by: Solovyova S.M. Galimova A. V. Nizhnekamsk 2016

Finger theater - walking finger puppets Relevance: Finger theater is a unique opportunity to place a fairy tale on the palm of a child, in which he can take the role of any hero. A child can put any character on his finger and play. It is very important, when playing, to address the child, including him in the game. Theater is also an excellent speech and sensory-motor simulator. Dolls develop mobility of the fingers of both hands, help master the speech of characters, help develop vocabulary and activate speech functions.

Age group: used from early childhood groups to preparatory groups, with more complex tasks for each age. Goal: To promote the development of fine and gross motor skills, speech in young children, to broaden their horizons. Objectives: form a phonetic-phonemic base; develop phrasal and coherent speech; fine motor skills of fingers; promote sensory development; activates the development of cognitive abilities; learn to play with toys; form the process of social adaptation in children.

Game description: The house is made of a folder, figures of cardboard heroes and viscose napkins. Methods and techniques: special corrective exercises for the development of fine motor skills; staging and dramatization. (familiarization with literary work, distribution of roles, demonstration by the teacher of the method of action, etc., so) (preparing and conducting finger puppet shows, improvisation games, dramatization of familiar fairy tales). teacher's story and reading, children's story, conversation, learning oral works folk art. All methods and techniques should be used in combination, alternating and complementing each other, which will allow the teacher to give children knowledge, help them master skills and abilities, develop memory, perception, and creative imagination.

Variability of use There are three options for playing: put it on your fingers, apply it to a flannelgraph (fisscose adheres very well to flannel in a vertical position) and show it from behind the screen.

Finger Theater Fairy tale “Turnip” Goal: To create conditions for activating the creative thinking of children. Objectives: teach children to act out fairy tales using a finger theater; develop fine motor skills of the hands; develop teamwork skills.

Finger Theater Fairy tale “Teremok” Goal: To create conditions for the development of activity and curiosity of young children in the process of finger play, to achieve free movement hands while telling a fairy tale. Objectives: Educational: Develop the ability to listen to a fairy tale, understand the content and correlate words with the actions of the fingers. Form sensory abilities. Developmental: Develop speech, thinking, memory, attention, continue to develop fine motor skills in children; develop and improve communication skills.

Objectives: Educational: To cultivate a positive interest in theatrical and gaming activities, to develop communication skills in a group. Developmental environment: finger puppets for Russian folk tale“Teremok” A very important part of the work on the development of fine motor skills is “finger games”. First, the baby examines his hands, then learns to control them, takes objects with the whole palm, then with only two fingers.

Finger Theater Fairy tale “Kolobok” Goal: To create conditions for involving children in the world of the fairy tale “Kolobok”, to create a desire to help fairy tale character. Objectives: 1. Educational: To consolidate children's knowledge about wild and domestic animals. Strengthen children's sensory abilities, the ability to recognize and name the color of an object.

Objectives: 2. Developmental: Develop a sense of rhythm, emotional responsiveness to music through movement, and respond to the nature of the music. Develop visual perception, memory, attention, thinking. 3. Educational. Develop communication skills with adults and peers. Cultivate a friendly attitude towards the fairy-tale character. Cultivate a love of fiction. Cultivate accuracy and independence in working with dolls.

HAVE FUN! THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

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1 Finger theater as a means of sensory development for preschool children SLIDE 1 Currently, the problem of raising preschool children with disorders of speech development is becoming increasingly relevant. Therefore, it is very important to identify and eliminate these violations as early as possible, so that at school the child does not experience difficulties both in learning and in communicating with peers. Research has shown that there is a relationship between the coordination of small hand movements and speech. Until the movements of the fingers become free, the development of speech and, consequently, thinking is slow, since thinking is closely related to speech and depends on it. Educators and psychologists dealing with early childhood problems believe that hand movements associated with the inclusion of fingers in action are necessary for the development of the child. They not only contribute to speech development, but also have a significant impact on overall psychophysical development, acquire non-verbal communication skills, sharpen tactile abilities, and train muscle memory. In the 20th century, researchers such as L.A. Wenger, L.S. Vygotsky, A.V. Zaporozhets, M.M. Koltsova, A.R. Luria, M.N. Shchelovanov, came to the conclusion that sensorimotor development constitutes the foundation of mental development. They note that “the child’s mental abilities begin to form very early and not by themselves, but as his activities expand, including general, motor and manual activities.” However, despite the fact that children's teachers and psychologists note the effectiveness of finger theater in the development of fine motor skills, only a few of them are used in kindergartens. An analysis of the programs “Origins”, “Childhood”, “Program of education and training in kindergarten” showed that work on the development of fine motor skills is not a priority and is not given due attention. 1

2 SLIDE 2 Therefore, work in in this direction will be effective only if a teacher, speech therapist, psychologist, music director, physical education instructor, parents. If the development of finger movements lags behind, then speech development is also delayed, although general motor skills may be higher than normal. It has been proven that finger movements stimulate the development of the central nervous system and accelerate the development of a child’s speech. Therefore, the constant development and strengthening of fine motor skills is necessary in permanent job. To one of effective ways Correction of children's speech can be attributed to finger theater. Finger theater is a unique opportunity to place a fairy tale on the palm of a child, in which he can take the role of any character. Also, finger theater is an excellent material for developing children's imagination, thinking and speech, developing fine motor skills: during games, children develop dexterity , the ability to control one’s movements, concentrate attention on one type of activity, which is a natural means of self-expression for a child, and the use of symbolic materials helps him distance himself from problematic situations. Finger theater is an effective means of developing fine motor skills of the hand in children of primary preschool age. SLIDE 3-5 Finger theaters are, first of all: knitted figures that are put on the fingers; from paper pulp; from the balls on which the faces of the characters are drawn; finger puppets made from various types of fabrics; a small screen and decorations. Characters are created from paper, small boxes in which holes are made for fingers. These are miniature figures made of cones and cylinders that are worn on the fingers. Figures or just heads are drawn, glued to cardboard rings and put on fingers. 2

3 SLIDE 6-9 For three years, the “Theater for Everyone!” project has been implemented in our garden. Its participants were children, their parents and teachers. The implementation of this project began during the school year. Working as a teacher during the school year preparatory group, together with the children we staged the fairy tale “Zayushkina’s Hut”, took part in the show carnival masks, and also, while participating in the “Fairytale Tours” in kindergarten, they demonstrated the fairy tale “Masha and the Bear” on an umbrella. During the school year, my students were children of the first junior group. And during the theater week, they took part in fabulous tours with the finger theater “Kurochka Ryaba”, and in the entertainment “Amusing Folklore” (they performed sketches, nursery rhymes and mini-scenes). Finger theater is carried out both during classes according to the teacher’s plan, and in free time from classes and routine moments. In particular, I conduct finger theater as a way of playing for children. All children in the group take part in theatrical finger games. I organize my work in this direction as follows. SLIDE For example, when acting out the fairy tale “Ryaba Hen”, children first get acquainted with the fairy tale. Directly while performing the finger theater, children remember the characters of the fairy tale, the course of events in it, diligently answer the questions posed about the content, learn the movements of the puppets, thereby promoting the development of fine motor skills. Then they themselves free time from activities they play without the help of a teacher. SLIDE The children act out the fairy tale “Kolobok” with great pleasure, and even remembered the songs based on this fairy tale: “I am a bun, a bun, sweeping the barn.” 3

4 sang together with the teacher. After the finger theater, the children made a successful attempt to act out this fairy tale during play activities. SLIDE 14 The finger theater "Turnip" arouses interest among children. Remembering moments from the fairy tale, children answer the questions posed by the teacher and act out this fairy tale themselves in play activities without the help of the teacher. SLIDE In the kindergarten, exhibitions “Such different theater" and "Unusual transformations of ordinary things." SLIDE I, together with children and their parents, took part in the creation of this exhibition, which included exhibits from my theater corner. Finger theater is one of the most successful means in the development of fine motor skills with a well-developed theoretical basis and rich historical background. This is especially important due to the fact that currently most modern children There is a general motor lag. A consequence of poor development of motor skills, and in particular the hand, is the general unpreparedness of most modern children for writing or problems with speech development. However, even if the child’s speech is normal, this does not mean that the child is good at using his hands. Thus, finger theater can be spoken of as an excellent universal, didactic and developmental material. The method and its meaning is that the nerve endings of the hands affect the child’s brain and brain activity is activated. For school learning, it is very important that the child has well-developed fine motor muscles. Finger Theater good helper in order to prepare the child’s hand for writing and develop coordination. Scientists have proven that the development of hands is closely related to the state of speech and thinking of the child. SLIDE 19 4

5 Thank you for your attention! 5

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Almost every teacher knows about finger theater, but many are unaware of its benefits in the development of a child. Finger theater is an excellent speech and social-motor simulator, it develops the mobility of the fingers of both hands, develops vocabulary and activates speech functions, it can be used to study counting. with the help of finger theater they develop: intonation, artistry, creativity, imagination, memory, thinking, attention, fantasy, fine motor skills.

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What is finger theater

Almost every teacher knows about finger puppets and finger theater.

However, many are not even aware of its benefits for the development of the baby. But this is the easiest way to develop fine motor skills, which contributes to the early development of speech, relieving stress and problems of the child by playing various situations and, finally, help in developing the hands of our preschool children.

Finger Theater- This character figurines set, which are put on a separate finger. It could just be individual dolls, animals, some objects for staging a fairy tale, or everything famous characters our favorite Russian folk tales.

1. Finger theater is a unique opportunity to place a fairy tale on the palm of a child, in which he can play the role of any hero.
2. Theater is also beautifulspeech and sensory-motor simulator . Dolls developfinger mobility both hands help master the characters' speech, helps develop vocabulary and activates speech functions.
3. The game can be used fordating and learning accounts, For .
4. And also small finger theater figureswill keep you company while walking or visiting a clinic, on the road. They won't take up much space in mom's purse and will help entertain the baby. With their help you canrevive any poems, fairy tales, nursery rhymes. Simple toysdevelop intonation, artistic skills, creativity, imagination, memory, thinking? attention, imagination.
5. The game can be used fordating and learning accounts(for example, in the fairy tale “Teremok” a mouse, a frog, and a hare began to live together, then a fox came - there were four of them); Forgetting to know the characters and plot of the fairy tale, For acquaintance with the concepts of “to the right is glory”, “nearby”, “one after another”.

How to play finger theater

Game options finger theaterdepend on the age of the child.

One year olds and two year oldsready for the simplest scenarios, which are best played with one hand.

From three years old you can introduce a second hand and complicate the scenario.

At 4-5 years old children are able play several actions successively replacing each other.

At first, you can simply introduce the baby to the dolls, let the child touch and examine all the heroes of the fairy tale. Then put the characters on your fingers one by one and communicate with the child on their behalf. Then invite your child to put the doll on his finger and try to communicate with each other. Next, you can act out a fairy tale in front of your child. Children perceive well-known Russian folk tales better:“Turnip”, “Kolobok”, “Teremok”. Moreover, it is better to read a fairy tale before this, look at the pictures, discuss the characters and the development of the plot with the child.

At first, finger theater classes are held purely as theatrical performances.

As soon as the baby learns how to play with dolls, you can start performing together. To begin with, teach your child to play with one hand; as he grows up, you need to choose more complex fairy tales, poems and songs, consisting of several actions, with a large number heroes.

During theatrical performances it is mandatoryfocus on the intonation of speech of each character(the mouse speaks in a squeaky voice, the bear speaks in a bass voice, etc.). Develop your child's voice intonation and onomatopoeic skills.

From the plot game you need to move on to the director's game. Fantasize with your babycome up with new stories, encourage your child for any addition to the plot. This promotes the development of imagination, speech becomes figurative and expressive.

Types of finger theater

Another optionfinger puppets, cardboard doll. Cut out a figure from cardboard, in the lower part of which, use scissors, make two round holes for the fingers (index and middle). The toes will be the legs of the pupa. By moving your fingers, you will create the feeling that your doll is alive.

To play finger theaterYou can use parts from toothbrushes. These are the heads of different animals that cover the brush

Cut out a square of paper with sides of 5 cm, bend it in half diagonally (Fig. 1), turn the square so that the fold line is at the bottom - you get a triangle. Bend the upper corner of the triangle to the base, bending in half first the left and then the right corners and bend it back (Fig. 2,3). Mark points 1 and 2 (the intersections of the bisectors of the lower corners with the sides of the triangle. Take the left corner and bend it to right side triangle to point 1 (Fig. 4). Take the right corner and bend it to the right side of the triangle, to point 2 (Fig. 5). Bend the outer layer of the upper corner of the resulting figure towards you, inserting it between the layers of paper (Fig. 6). Bend the inner layer of the corner inside the resulting cap (Fig. 7). Glue beads instead of eyes, draw a smile, make hair from threads. The doll is ready!

Teacher of the first qualification category of MBDOU No. 56, Apatity, Murmansk region. Chekanova A.V.
Finger theater is a very interesting and useful activity, a combination of these two properties - golden rule all developmental exercises. The sooner the baby learns what finger theater is, the sooner he will speak.
Finger puppet theater is a set of figurines of various characters dressed on fingers. Also, various “scenery” can be included in a finger puppet theater: trees, a house, a turnip, and so on.

With the help of finger theater figures, the baby opens amazing world fairy tales, which he can create and remake at will. Here the child has complete freedom of choice: he can become just a spectator or a budding actor, director and author of the production script. This is not entertainment at all, but a complex study, because the child has the opportunity to act out and analyze on stage many situations that seem unusual or incomprehensible to him.
The relevance of this toy is that the finger theater has a developmental, educational and educational value. It can be used in various types training sessions, gaming and theatrical activities of children.
Target:
1. Development of tactile sensations,
2. Development logical thinking and visual perception,
3. Development of fine motor skills,
4. Speech development, enrichment of active vocabulary,
5. Development of communication skills, teaches how to play together,
6. Consolidation and expansion of spatial representations: left, right, above, below, in front, forward, behind, between, next to.
The finger theater helps solve a number of very important problems:
1. Develops accuracy and expressiveness, coordination of movements. The baby learns to work with his fingers, both with one finger and all together.
2. Stimulates the development of attention, memory, imagination, thinking. While I'm telling a story or singing a song, I'm moving my fingers,
the child's gaze is riveted on them. The baby develops involuntary attention; during games, the baby will remember the characters of the fairy tale, the names of the fingers, the actions performed and, of course, the plot of the fairy tale itself. Then he will be able to come up with his own stories using finger theater.
3. Increases perseverance. Every baby strives to imitate adults, and, of course, he will want bright toys to sit on his fingers, which means he will make every effort and patience to put the dolls on his fingers. No one says that this will work out right away; support is needed here, as in all of a child’s endeavors.
4. Stimulates the development of fine motor skills. Picking up small objects is not as easy as we think. While playing with the finger theater, the child will learn to pinch small objects, move individual fingers, open the palm so that the dolls all sit on the fingers.
5. Helps develop spatial perception (concepts: right,
to the left, next to each other, next to each other, etc.). When coming up with different stories (our ready-made fairy tales and ideas for fairy tales will help you here), indicate the place in the space of the dolls.
6. Helps develop vocabulary and activates speech functions. Children love emotional stories. The more there are, and the more varied they are, the richer the baby’s vocabulary will be.
In the beginning it will be passive dictionary(the child will understand everything), but
then he will want to tell you a fairy tale, and the entire passive vocabulary can turn into active.
7. Forms creative abilities and artistic skills. The child can come up with his own games, fairy tales and play them out on his own.
It is obvious that finger theater is not only interesting, but also useful for our kids, both small and older.