Rgali official. Russian State Archive of Literature and Art: history of origin and development, characteristics of archival funds
Russian state archive literature and art - "Archive of Muses" - is the largest repository in Russia, included in the State Code of Especially Valuable Objects cultural heritage peoples Russian Federation. More than 3,000 funds and 1.5 million storage units contain the richest materials on the history of Russian literature, music, theater, cinema, visual arts, architecture.
Created in 1941 on the eve of the Great Patriotic War The archive has become a favorite and subject of special care of the state. “Never a single archival institution has received such huge funds for the purchase of manuscripts, museum valuables and entire libraries from private individuals,” as Irakli Andronikov emphasized. notebooks, albums, suitcases with letters, drafts, documents, memoirs, drawings, portraits, books.
The main feature of the RGALI collection is a unique information set in which the personal funds and creative heritage of writers, composers, artists, actors, directors are combined with a variety of management documentation of the cultural management institute, creative unions, public organizations.
The Archive funds contain documents of the 14th-11th centuries, including manuscripts and personal documents of prominent Russian cultural figures, autographs of A.S. Pushkin, the most valuable collections and part of the collections of Yu.A. Bakhrushin, F.F. Fidler, S.P. Melgunov, P.I. Bartenev, personal funds of M.Yu. Lermontov, N.V. Gogol, F.M. Dostoevsky, A.P. Chekhov, V.V. Rozanov, A.A. Blok, B.L. Pasternak, A.A. Akhmatova, M.I. Tsvetaeva, A. Bely, M. A. Kuzmina, V.T. Shalamov, A.I. Solzhenitsyn, D.D. Shostakovich, S.S. Prokofiev, M.M. Plisetskaya, R.K. Shchedrin, the creative heritage of Russian figures abroad, as well as documents of governing bodies, institutions and organizations of culture - the People's Commissariat of Education of the RSFSR, the All-Union Committee for Arts (VKI) under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, the Ministry of Culture of the USSR and the Russian Federation, the USSR State Committee for Cinematography, scientific and educational institutions culture, film studios, theaters, circus and stage, publishing houses, editorial offices of literary and art magazines.
Another feature of the RGALI collection is its museum component: the third part of the collection is visual materials (paintings, graphics, photographs, etc.). real discovery last decade became a collection of Russian avant-garde from the RGALI collection with works by E.G. Guro, M.V. Matyushin, K.M. Zdanevich, S.B. Nikritin, V.S. Bart, A.A. Morgunov, M.V. Le-Dantyu, L.M. Lissitzky, V.E. Tatlin and others. museum objects belonging to N.A. Berdyaev, V.A. Soloviev, A.M. Remizov, M.I. Tsvetaeva, I.G. Erenburg, A.G. Koonen, K.M. Simonov, K.A. Kedrov, MM. Plisetskaya and others.
The modern image of RGALI is openness and accessibility. Numerous publications, exhibitions, round tables and, of course, a high degree of informatization of archival activities. We hope it's new showroom, which will be located in one of the buildings of the building, will become popular venue for friends of RGALI and Muscovites.
In addition to personal funds, RGALI has a number of funds of various institutions related to the management of culture, education in this area, etc.
There are funds for the pre-revolutionary period educational institutions(for example, the Academy of Arts - f. 647), public organizations (for example, the Russian Theater Society and the All-Russian Theater Society - f. 641 and 970), cultural institutions (for example, City art Gallery P.M. and S.M. Tretyakov - f. 646).
In general, the documents of the pre-revolutionary period on cultural institutions in RGALI are not too numerous. It should be borne in mind that the documents submitted to the RGALI can only be part of the surviving array, the rest of which is stored in other archives (for example, the fund of the Academy of Arts is stored in the RGIA).
Documents on the Soviet period are presented in large quantities, so the search in the funds public institutions related to culture should start at RGALI. So, here are the funds of the Committees for the Arts under the Soviets people's commissars RSFSR and the USSR (f. 2075 and 962), the Ministry of Culture of the USSR (f. 2329), etc. Among the funds of the Soviet period, RGALI also stores documents of educational institutions, film studios, theaters, exhibitions, museums, editorial offices of newspapers and magazines, and publishing houses.
It must be borne in mind that not all documents on literature and art are stored in the RGALI. A significant part of the documentary materials is kept in museums of writers (for example, the L.N. Tolstoy fund is kept in the State Museum of L.N. Tolstoy in Moscow), however, individual documents of the writer in RGALI are still present in other funds. In addition, the fund of a writer or artist may be present in the archive, but contain only a small number of documents (for example, the RGALI has a fund of M.A. Sholokhov (f. 1197), which includes only a few dozen items of storage, most of of his materials is in his museum-reserve in the village of Veshenskaya, Rostov region).
RGALI funds in some cases can give Additional information for genealogical research. This applies not only to the funds of institutions and organizations, which may contain information about the work of a particular person, as well as correspondence with this institution.
Personal funds can also be useful. The fact is that they store not only manuscripts, but also correspondence of figures of literature and art. If your ancestors were familiar with them, the archives may contain letters, mentions in diaries and other valuable finds.
For example, as part of one of our company's studies, we studied the pedigree of one noble family, several representatives of which in late XIX- the beginning of the XX century. were associated with the family of L.N. Tolstoy and his entourage. In the RGALI documents, we managed to find several dozen letters that were written by members of the family we studied or that were addressed to them.
If you are interested creative search or details of the biographies of artists, musicians, architects and other cultural figures, if you want to work with diaries, unique photographs or drawings, then your path lies at the address: Vyborgskaya Street, Building 3, Building 2. Initially, the archive was created as a literary archive. In 1941, the collections of the State literary museum, as well as some materials from the Tretyakov Gallery, Historical Museum, archive October revolution and other museums and private archives related to art and literature.
Seven years later, it was renamed the Central State Archive of Literature and Art of the USSR, and after 1992 the first word in the name was changed to "Russian". No wonder that literary part the largest archive.
Among its treasures is the most ancient document - handwritten book XIV century "Passover Haggadah" with a description of the ritual of the Passover Seder in Hebrew. Other ancient works date from the 16th-17th centuries. It also contains materials about the life and work of remarkable figures of Russian culture - from Pushkin and Lermontov to Rozanov and Solzhenitsyn.
Of particular value is the Ostafyevsky Archive, which stores documents of several generations of the Vyazemsky family. It contains manuscripts of Prince Peter Vyazemsky, a friend of Pushkin, autographs of prominent figures - from Peter I and Empress Catherine II to English poet George Byron and French writer Honore de Balzac. A part of Dostoevsky's archive is kept in RGALI. Thanks to him, you can imagine how they were created classical works Russian literature "Crime and Punishment", "Idiot" and "Teenager". silver Age represented by the creative heritage of Blok, Akhmatova, Yesenin, Mayakovsky, Pasternak, as well as Bunin, Andreev and others prominent writers and poets. Many documents from the literary archives of the period for a long time were classified. They became available to researchers and the general public in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Often these materials were either brought from abroad, or once taken out of general storage for their "anti-Soviet orientation."
An equally rich collection of documents kept at the RGALI relates to the history of the Russian theatre. Here you will find the archives of the Moscow Office Imperial theaters and the Russian Theater Society; personal archives of Meyerhold and Yablochkina, Sobinov and Petipa. In addition to photographs depicting scenes from various productions, you can see sketches of scenery and costumes, director's scripts for plays, read directors' notes about performances and rehearsals, or notes that reveal the actor's vision. The peculiarity of the RGALI is that it combines the functions of a museum and an archive. In storage in the funds is a huge pictorial material– paintings, photographs, posters, graphics, etc.
Special Collections
There is one more nuance. At one time, many artists were forbidden to exhibit in museum halls for ideological and political reasons. In the archive, their works have been saved and preserved for posterity. Thus, for example, the creations of Russian avant-garde artists survived.
The RGALI has a priceless collection of Vladimir Tatlin and Alexei Kruchenykh, works by such avant-garde masters as Lyubov Popova, Nadezhda Udaltsova, architects brothers Alexander and Viktor Vesnin. Due to personal archives, the collection of graphics and posters has been replenished, for example, here you can see 400 original posters of Mayakovsky. Graphics came here when the archive was created from scattered collections of book publishers and editorial offices of art magazines. At the same time, the Tretyakov Gallery handed over the documents stored in its funds to the VKHUTEMAS workshop - VKHUTEIN, Russian Academy art, as well as personal archives of some artists. In the future, the graphic department of the archive was replenished due to various receipts. For example, thanks to the art critic and collector Ilya Zilberstein, here you can look at Benois' watercolors, Dobuzhinsky's theatrical sketches, drawings by Korovin, Lifar, Remizov.
Of the cinema figures, Yakov Protazanov and Ivan Mozzhukhin, Mikhail Romm and Lev Kuleshov, Dziga Vertov and Roman Karmen left their legacy to the archive. The undoubted decoration of the collection is five thousand drawings by director Sergei Eisenstein. The music collection and the collection of film and photo documents are extremely rich (for example, one of the best collections of Russian photography is kept here). A unique collection of personal belongings and objects belonging to eminent figures culture and art. Among them are Marina Tsvetaeva's pear chest, her silver ring and inkwell, and in the archive of Nikolai Berdyaev - a purse and wallet, a watch and a cigarette case.
Relatives of the poet Konstantin Simonov transferred the entire interior of his office for storage in the archive. RGALI regularly arranges exhibitions, conducts a large educational and research work. His collection is constantly growing.
But the most important task of the employees is the creation of an electronic database of documents, dreaming of competing with the world's leading archives not only in the amount of funds, but also in new technologies. Perhaps soon, thanks to this innovation, we will be able to read Lermontov's diaries or study Mussorgsky's rare score without leaving home.
The Russian State Archive of Literature and Art (RGALI) is the largest repository of documents on the history of Russian literature and social thought, music, theater, cinema, and fine arts. As of January 1, 2003, the archive contains 3,002 funds containing 1,236,511 storage units. Chronologically collected documents in the archive cover the period from the 18th to the 20th centuries, but the main part of the materials belongs to the 20th century; There are also earlier documents.
The archive was created on the basis of the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of March 29, 1941, in accordance with which it was envisaged "to organize by July 1, 1941 in Moscow Central State literary archive USSR for storing in it the literary funds of state archives and the corresponding documentary materials of museums, libraries, research institutes and institutions. literary museum, from central and peripheral archives, museums and libraries.
IN post-war period the activities of the archive expanded, in 1954 it was renamed into Central State Archive of Literature and Art of the USSR(TsGALI USSR). In 1957 the archive moved from B. Pirogovskaya st. (d. 17) in a building specially built for him.
In accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 24, 1992, the archive was named Russian State Archive of Literature and Art .
RGALI is part of the Federal Archival Service of the Russian Federation. April 2, 1997 by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation, along with State Museum fine arts them. A. S. Pushkin, Tretyakov Gallery, the Hermitage, the Russian Museum, the State Archives of the Russian Federation, the Russian State Military Historical Archives, the Russian State Archives of Ancient Acts, RGALI was included in the State Code of Especially Valuable Objects of Cultural Heritage of the Peoples of the Russian Federation.
A feature of the RGALI is the concentration in it, along with the funds of state cultural institutions and public organizations, archives of individuals - figures of literature, art, collectors. Moreover, documents of personal origin account for over 50% of the total volume of documents stored in RGALI.
The "Guide to the RGALI funds. Issue 8" includes information about the funds that entered the archive mainly in the period from 1993 to 2000. It was at this time that the collapse of Soviet Union, the country experienced several financial crises, which could not but affect the life of archival institutions. Serious changes have taken place in the field of acquisition of RGALI both by funds of personal origin and by funds of institutions and public organizations. Due to the lack of funding, the archive did not have the opportunity to purchase documents from fund creators, but accepted them only free of charge; the downsizing has affected the volume of receipt of documents of personal origin and their processing.
Changes in political and state structure countries have made significant changes in the structure of management and functioning of cultural institutions. State institutions and public organizations of all-Union significance were liquidated; their papers were received public storage in RGALI. A description of some of the funds of these institutions was included in the eighth edition of the guide. The process of transferring to state storage and scientific and information development of funds, such as the Ministry of Culture of the USSR, the State Film Institute of the USSR, the Union of Artists of the USSR, etc., continues, information about these funds will be included in the next editions of the guide to the RGALI funds.
In 1993 - 1996 the process of declassifying documents that were previously in special storage continued, and in 1993 - 1994. the main part of the documents of the former special depository of the RGALI was transferred for general storage.
The prepared edition of the guide complements the information contained in the first - sixth editions of the "Guide to the funds of the TsGALI USSR" (M., 1959 - 1988), "Guide to the funds of the RGALI. Issue 7" (M., 1998) and on CD-ROM Drive "Russian State Archive of Literature and Art (RGALI). Archive Guide" (K.G.Saur, 1996), prepared with the participation of the Institute of Russian and Soviet literature named after Yu. Lotman (Bochum, Germany).
The eighth edition of the guide consists of five sections:
I. Personal funds.
II. Archival collections.
III. Funds of state institutions and creative organizations.
1. Central government bodies cultural management, government agencies and organizations.
2. Public organizations and associations.
3. Cultural institutions.
IV. Annotations on documents that were in special storage and transferred to general storage in 1994 - 1996.
V. Periodicals and continuing publications, almanacs and collections of Russian Diaspora in the Archives printed publications RGALI (1917 - 1999).
VI. Funds received by RGALI in Lately (1995 - 2002).
For this issue, about 85,000 items have been annotated, making up 161 collections. Of these, 163 personal funds (90 newly created funds and 73 additions to existing funds, 68952 storage units), 5 archival collections (all of them are additions to existing collections, 727 storage units), 31 foundations of institutions and creative organizations (6 newly created funds, 6 funds previously held in special custody, 19 additions to existing funds, 49980 storage units).
The guidebook was compiled in accordance with the requirements of the "Basic Rules for the Work of the State Archives of the Russian Federation" (M.: ROSSPEN, 2002), the funds are annotated on the basis of " methodological recommendations on working with documents of personal origin (literature and art)" (M., 1990).
The guide contains materials on the history of Russian literature XIX V. These are the funds of F. M. Dostoevsky, L. Andreev and others. Domestic literature 20th century represented by the funds of A. T. Averchenko, A. N. Arbuzov, E. A. Blaginina, E. S. Ginzburg, S. A. Yesenin, R. Ivnev, V. G. Lidin, E. N. Permitin, A. M. Remizov, E. E. Slutsky, S. S. Smirnov, K. A. Trenev, S. V. Shervinsky, A. P. Stein and others, as well as the funds of the editorial offices of the journals "Questions of Literature", "Znamya" , " Foreign literature", "New world". Significantly replenishment of the RGALI with materials from critics and literary critics N. S. Angarsky, N. S. Ashukin, L. Yu. Brik and V. A. Katanyan (1719 items), A. I. Deich, S. N. Durylina, V. V. Zhdanova, L. Z. Kopeleva (1374 items), N. I. Krymova, R. D. Orlova, N. A. Roskina, E. D. Surkova, M. B. Khrapchenko , M. A. and T. G. Tsjavlovskikh (2050 items), V. B. Shklovsky (1019 items), etc. The fund of theologian P. Ya. Svetlov entered the RGALI.
The theatrical art is widely reflected in the eighth edition of the guide. This is information about the funds of M. I. Babanova, G. N. Boyadzhiev, A. N. Gozenpud, L. I. Dobzhanskaya, S. D. Dreiden
(1791 items), S. A. Ermolinsky, R. V. Zelena, L. M. Lavrovsky, V. V. Merkuriev, A. L. Miklashevskaya, S. M. Mikhoels, S. V. Obraztsov ( 2553 items), V. N. and N. I. Ryzhov, M. N. Sidorkin, N. S. Sukhotskaya, V. I. Khokhryakova, M. I. Tsarev (1407 items), about collections "Archives of theater workers", WTO funds, TsDA them. A. A. Yablochkina, the editors of the magazine "Theater", Moscow theaters - them. Vl. Mayakovsky, im. Moscow City Council, im. A. S. Pushkin, the Taganka Theater, the Theater of Miniatures, operetta, MTYuZ, Central Children's Theater.
The history of fine arts and architecture, mainly of the 20th century, was imprinted in the funds of V. A. Vatagin, N. N. Volkov, K. A. Vyalov, M. I. Zheleznov, N. G. Zelenskaya, Z. G. Ivanova, M. L. Ioffe, A. I. Nekrasov, R. R. Falk, S. M. Chekhov and others, in the funds of the Union of Artists of the RSFSR, the Office for the Protection of Copyrights of Artists of the Union of Artists of the USSR, the Moscow Branch of the Union of Architects of the USSR, etc.
Soviet cinematography is represented by the funds of A. A. Alov, I. V. Vaysfeld, E. I. Gabrilovich, M. S. Donskoy, L. L. Obolensky, B. P. Chirkov, V. A. Shneiderov, K. K. Yudin, S. I. Yutkevich, the fund of the editorial board of the journal Art of Cinema.
Materials on the history of Russian music are available in the funds of composers N. V. Bogoslovsky and V. Ya. Shebalin, pianists A. A. Alshvang and S. T. Richter.
Of great interest are the funds of the Touring Bureau of the USSR, the State Concert of the USSR, the Committee for the Lenin and State Prizes of the USSR in the field of literature, art and architecture under the Council of Ministers of the USSR.
Materials on the history of the Russian diaspora are contained in the fund of the Union of Russian Writers and Journalists in Czechoslovakia, which was previously in special storage.
All described personal funds are given alphabetically by the names of the founders. Information about the funds of institutions is arranged according to the degree of importance of the institution ( central authorities management of culture and institutions and organizations subordinate to them, public organizations, cultural institutions). After the name of the fund, reference information is given in a separate line: the number of the fund, inventory numbers, the number of storage units, their deadlines. Then follows a short curriculum vitae about the fund creator(s) and annotation of documentary materials of the fund.
When describing materials that supplement the fund, a footnote refers to the descriptions of the fund that have already been included in previous editions of the Guide, indicating the numbers of previously annotated inventories, their latest dates, the numbers of the guidebook's issues and the pages where information about this fund is placed. Full characteristic fund is placed on CD-ROM Drive "Russian
State Archive of Literature and Art (RGALI). Archive Guide.
The grouping of materials in annotations to personal funds, as a rule, corresponds to their systematization in the inventory, with slight deviations depending on the specifics of the fund. In the annotation for a personal fund, seven main groups of materials can be identified.
The first group is creative materials: manuscripts of the writer, notes of the composer, drawings of the artist. As for the figures of the theater and cinema (in addition to their manuscripts), there is also additional group so-called "materials of creative (artistic, directing) activity"; it usually includes various notes of the actor about working on the role, rough directorial developments, as well as photos in roles, in performances and films. In the annotations, the description of this complex of materials begins with a new paragraph. A separate line describes the diaries and notebooks of the founder.
The second group of materials is correspondence. Letters from both the founder himself (usually drafts or copies of his letters), and letters to him, telegrams, postcards, notes, and in general any kind of correspondence, without any reservations, belong to the group of letters. The names of correspondents are given selectively, taking into account their importance. Then the number of letters is indicated (if there is one letter, the figure is not put) and the chronological frames of the letters.
Annotation of these two groups - creative and epistolary, the most valuable for our researchers - "Guide" pays maximum attention. As a rule, the number of manuscripts of the founder, his drawings, the number of addressees and correspondents is indicated (for example: "Total 200 hands.", "Total 53 corr."), if the number of addressees and correspondents is exhausted in the listing, then the final figure is omitted.
The third group is a listing of official documents related to the biography of the founder, materials of his professional and social activities. In some cases, when these documents are fragmented, a general wording is given: "Materials for a biography" with an indication of their latest dates.
The fourth group - articles and notes about the founder, memoirs about him, bibliography, etc.
The fifth group is short description materials of relatives, indicating the degree of kinship (if it was not indicated earlier), with a mention of those of their materials that have scientific, historical and general cultural value.
The sixth group consists of documents of "foreign" origin deposited in the fund (separate manuscripts, letters different persons, scattered biographical documents, etc.). According to existing
According to the rules, these materials remain where they were at the time of acceptance for public storage. Therefore, in the annotations of the personal fund there is information about individual, the most significant documents of "foreign" origin without any reservations. Sometimes the documents deposited in the fund form collections that vary in size and composition. In some, a pronounced selection of documents on the topic, by types of documents, others are random in content, they represent a scattered remnant of a documentary complex that was once assembled.
In the last, seventh, group, in the annotation of the personal fund, photographs of the fund creator, various persons, drawings and other visual materials are described.
Descriptions of books with dedicatory inscriptions, which are stored outside the fund, in the Archive of Printed Publications of the RGALI, are separated in the annotation from the main description with asterisks. Dedicatory inscriptions found on torn from books title pages, endpapers, half-titles, etc., are included in the annotation of the fund or collection itself as a paragraph after the letters.
The "Guidebook" section "Archival collections" contains characteristics of the collections created in the RGALI according to the thematic principle. The documents of the collection are annotated by types of documents: manuscripts, letters, etc. - alphabetically by the authors, in the case of a significant amount of materials of one person, they are grouped into separate "personalities".
The characteristics of the funds of state institutions and public organizations consist of the name of the fund, which includes the name of the institution and the dates of its existence, then reference information is indicated in a separate line: the number of the fund, the numbers of inventories annotated in this edition of the guide, the number of storage units in them, deadlines. Then a brief historical background on the founder is given (date of establishment of the institution and organization, its subordination, renaming, leaders, date of liquidation, etc.). Annotation of the documents of the fund may coincide with the scheme for constructing an inventory, or it may be based on structural, subject-thematic, and other features. At the beginning, guiding materials are usually described - regulations and charters, orders and orders, minutes and transcripts of meetings and meetings, correspondence, manuscripts, information about personnel, etc. Quantitative indicators in the annotations to the funds of institutions, as a rule, are not given. The content of the correspondence, if it is general character(for example, in the funds of theaters - correspondence about the work of the theater), may not be specified.
The eighth edition of the guide continues to publish information about funds or parts of funds that were previously in special (closed) storage (See: A short guide to
To the former special depository of the RGALI (as of October 1, 1993). M.; Paris., 1994; as well as the 7th edition of the guide). As in the 7th edition, this edition of the guide annotates inventories of funds that were in special storage in full (15 funds of personal origin, 6 funds of state institutions and creative organizations, in total 3063 items of storage) or partially (7 inventories of funds of personal origin and 1 inventory fund of a public organization, a total of 221 storage units). The characteristics of these funds are placed respectively in the first - third sections of the guide. The sign marks the names of funds, the entire inventory of which was in the special depository, the sign ◦ - the names of the funds, only partially located in the special depository. An independent section of the eighth edition of the guidebook "Annotations on documents that were in special storage and transferred to general storage in 1994 - 1996." compiles information about individual documents that were previously in special storage (635 storage units in total). Reference information about the fund (collection number, inventory numbers, number of storage units broken down by inventory, deadlines) are placed at the end of the description, and such data as, for example: "F. 1038; op. 1, 2; 23 + 8 units.", - means that op.1 f. 1038 contains 23 units. hr., located in the special store, op. 2 - 8 units ridge
The guide includes a list of "Periodicals and continuing publications, almanacs and collections of the Russian Diaspora in the Archives of printed publications of the RGALI (1917 - 1999)". All of them were also previously in special storage.
RGALI has a significant collection of printed periodicals and ongoing publications of the Russian Diaspora: 95 titles (1756 copies) of magazines, 48 titles (992 copies) of newspapers, 111 titles (201 copies) of almanacs and collections. The main part of this collection is made up of publications from the Library of the Russian Foreign Historical Archive in Prague (RZIA), transferred to RGALI from Scientific Library Central State Archive of the USSR (now - the Scientific Library of the State Archives of the Russian Federation). Some of the publications were received from the publishing house "YMCA-Press". In addition, the list includes publications from personal funds - A. T. Averchenko (F. 32), A. N. Benois (F. 938), N. A. Elenev (F. 2275), I. F. Kallinikova ( F. 267), N. E. Osipova (F. 2299), A. M. Remizova (F. 420), M. A. Suvorina (F. 459. Op. 3), M. A. Sukennikova (F. 2293), S. F. Sulin (F. 2273), A. A. Yablonovsky (F. 1697) and others, from the funds of institutions - "Editorial office of the newspaper and magazine" Link "" (F. Cossack choir under the direction of S. A. Zharov "(F. 2477). Of particular note are three extremely valuable collections of publications from the Russian abroad: 1) a collection of a literary critic, art critic, founder " Literary heritage"and the collector I. S. Zilberstein; 2) the collection of N. V. Kodryanskaya -
Writers and executors A. M. Remizova; 3) a collection of critic, literary critic, translator, theater critic A. I. Deych, transferred to the archives of E. K. Deych-Malkina.
The list was compiled based on the principles and methodology of describing the "Consolidated catalog of periodicals and ongoing publications of Russian abroad in the libraries of Moscow" (M.: ROSSPEN, 1999). The list is an addition to this catalog, since the Archive of RGALI printed publications was not reflected in it.
At the end of the eighth edition of the guide, short list collections received by the archive recently (1995 - 2002) and have not yet passed the full scientific description. For the convenience of using the guide, an index of names and an index of state institutions, public organizations and the most important cultural and historical events have been compiled.
The characteristics of funds of personal origin were compiled by L. P. Borodina, O. V. Vinogradova, E. K. Kalinina, N. M. Konycheva, T. M. Korobova, N. G. Koroleva, T. L. Latypova, N. A. Lukina, O. F. Meleshko, I. O. Mkrtycheva, N. A. Molotova, M. A. Rashkovskaya, N. I. Simbireva, T. Yu. Tregubova, O. V. Turbina, N. R. Yatsenko. The characteristics of the funds of institutions and creative organizations were written by E. Yu. Filkina and E. V. Bronnikova. In preparing brief historical references O. V. Bykova, G. R. Zlobina, M. B. Mokrousova, O. V. Nozadze, T. F. Ramazanova, E. V. Timiryazeva participated in these funds. The list "Periodicals and continuing publications, almanacs and collections of Russian abroad in the Archive of printed publications of the RGALI (1917 - 1999)" was compiled by L. Ya. Dvornikova. Computer set of the guidebook and its creation electronic version were carried out by E. V. Bronnikova, V. G. Grigoriev and T. L. Latypova. The name index dictionary is compiled using a special computer program, developed by N. N. Bykovsky. I. I. Abroskina, E. V. Bronnikova, A. L. Evstigneeva, T. L. Latypova, E. Yu. Filkina, S. V. Shumikhin took part in preparing the indexes for the guide.
The manuscript of the eighth edition of the guide to the RGALI funds was discussed at a meeting of the Scientific Council of the RGALI. Internal review was carried out by I. I. Abroskina and N. K. Drezgunova. Valuable comments and suggestions were made by T. M. Goryaeva, T. F. Pavlova, N. I. Khimina, as well as L. I. Belyanina and O. Yu. Nezhdanova. Where possible, they have been taken into account when finalizing this issue of the guide.
Preparation of the "Guide to the RGALI funds. Issue 8" was carried out with the financial support of the Open Society Institute (Soros Foundation, Russia), project AAF904.
3,222 funds, 1,607,603 units hr., XVIII century. - 2015 (separate documents - XIV, XVI, XVII centuries), 1265 museum items, 167 microforms as originals.
Funds of institutions - 398 funds;
personal funds - 2,823 funds;
microfilms - 7,400,206 frames.
1 fund, microforms.
Currently RGALI is Russia's largest repository of documents on the history of literature, social thought, music, theater, cinema, and fine arts. The chronological framework of the collected documents covers three centuries - from the 18th century. to the present day, but most of the materials date back to the 20th century. Documents are stored in two main archives - funds of institutions and organizations and funds of personal origin.
Documents of state institutions and public organizations for the pre-revolutionary period are represented by the funds, primarily of public and cultural associations and societies, such as the Society of Amateurs Russian literature(1811–1930), the Society for Assistance to Needy Writers and Scientists (Literary Fund, 1859–1922), as well as funds for the editorial offices of newspapers and magazines Russky Vestnik, Delo, Russian wealth”, “Contemporary”, etc.
Russian theatrical art is reflected in the funds of the Moscow Office of the Imperial Theaters and the Russian Theater Society. Documents on the history of fine arts were deposited in the funds of the Moscow Society of Art Lovers, the School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, and the Tretyakov Gallery.
The history of the development of culture and art of the Soviet period is captured in the funds of administrative bodies in the field of culture - the Committees for Arts under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (1936–1953) and the RSFSR (1938–1953), the Main Directorate for Affairs fiction and art of the People's Commissariat for Education of the RSFSR (Glaviskusstvo, 1925–1928), the Ministry of Culture of the USSR and its departments (1953–1991), as well as sectoral governments certain types art - Committee for Cinematography of the USSR, Directorate art exhibitions and panoramas, the State Association of Musical, Variety and Circus Enterprises, etc.
Cultural, educational, literary and artistic non-governmental organizations in the field of literature are represented by the funds of Proletkult (1917-1932) and the All-Russian Society of Proletarian Writers "Forge" (1920-1932), the Union of Writers of the USSR (1932-1991) and its predecessors - literary associations and circles , literary publishing houses. Similar creative organizations are represented by the foundations of the All-Russian Theater Society, the Union of Composers of the USSR (1934–1991) and the RSFSR (1957–1991), the Unions of Artists (1957–1991), architects (1932–1991), cinematographers of the USSR (1965–1991).
The archive stores numerous funds of scientific institutions in the field of art under the Ministry of imperial court, such as the Academy of Arts (1757–1918), the Institute of Art History, as well as the funds of specialized higher educational institutions: theater schools and the State Institute of Theater Arts (GITIS, since 1879), the Moscow State Conservatory. P.I. Tchaikovsky and the Higher State Artistic and Technical Institute (VKHUTEIN, 1926–1930), the All-Union state institution cinematography (VGIK), etc. A significant part of the funds is represented creative organizations such as film studios, theaters, circuses, ensembles, choirs and orchestras, museums, permanent and traveling exhibitions, and publishing houses and editorial offices of magazines and newspapers.
The documentation of these institutions can be conditionally divided into three groups: managerial, reflecting the administrative functions of the institution; by personnel, including information about the life and work of creative workers; directly creative, related to the creation cultural property. Among the management documentation are documents of a general nature - reports, certificates, reports to higher authorities. Personal files, as a rule, continue to be kept in the collection of a particular department or institution. RGALI receives personal files containing information about creative activity, which is reflected in questionnaires, autobiographies, personal documents.
Approximately half of them are materials of a literary profile; the other half is in all other arts (theatre, ballet, music, cinema, sculpture, architecture, and visual arts). The largest fund, most of the materials of which belong to the first half of the 19th century, is the family archive of three generations of the Vyazemsky family - the Ostafevsky Archive. His documents reflect public and literary processes, life and work of many writers of that time. There are letters from A.S. Pushkin, G.R. Derzhavin, P.Ya. Chaadaeva, N.V. Gogol.
The archive contains a large part creative heritage F.M. Dostoevsky, I.A. Goncharova, N.A. Nekrasov, I.S. Turgenev, M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin. Dramaturgy of the 19th - early 20th centuries is reflected in the materials of A.N. Ostrovsky, A.V. Sukhovo-Kobylin, A.F. Pisemsky, A.P. Chekhov. The "Silver Age" of Russian literature is represented by the funds of A.A. Akhmatova, A.A. Blok, M.I. Tsvetaeva, L.N. Andreeva, I.A. Bunina, A.I. Kuprin.
In the funds of S.A. Yesenina, V.V. Mayakovsky, F.V. Gladkova, A.S. Grina, Yu.K. Oleshi, K.G. Paustovsky, B.L. Pasternak, Yu.N. Tynyanov, A.A. Fadeeva, I.P. Ehrenburg and many other writers reflects the history of Soviet literature. Theatrical art, his various directions and stages of development are reflected in the funds of actors and directors A.I. Yuzhina, V.E. Meyerhold, M.G. Savina, L.V. Sobinova, M.I. Petipa.
Documents on the history of Russian music are concentrated in the funds of P.I. Tchaikovsky, S.I. Taneeva, S.S. Prokofiev, D.D. Shostakovich and other valuable materials on the history of fine arts are contained in the funds of I.E. Repin, V.M. Vasnetsova, N.K. Roerich, M.V. Nesterova, K.S. Petrov-Vodkin. History of origin and development domestic cinema reflected in the funds of Ya.A. Protazanova, V.I. Pudovkina, A.P. Dovzhenko, S.M. Eisenstein, M.I. Romm.
The archive also has special collections dedicated to outstanding cultural figures, whose personal funds are stored in other places (for example, the collections of A.S. Pushkin, L.N. Tolstoy). Documents of personal origin of famous figures of literature and art can be found in numerous personal collections (D.I. Evarnitsky [Yavornitsky], F.F. Fidler, E.F. Tsippelzon, L.N. Rabinovich, Ya.N. Tarnopolsky, Yu. G. Oksman and others).
Many funds have rich collections graphic materials and photographs. From individual small receipts in the archive, special thematic meetings documents - albums, engravings, manuscripts, poems, letters, memoirs, diaries, photographs, folklore materials, as well as official lists of artists (about 70 collections in total). In addition, a number of archive funds contain copies of documents received from foreign archives, including from England, USA, Czechoslovakia, France, Yugoslavia.
In 1988–2012 in RGALI over 100 funds and parts of funds were declassified. Basically, these are documents of institutions, organizations and persons who were in exile or repressed in Soviet time. Among them are personal funds and documents of A.T. Averchenko, A. Bely, Z.N. Gippius, S.A. Yesenina, S.P. Melgunova, M.I. Tsvetaeva, funds of the editorial offices of newspapers and magazines "Krasnaya Nov", "At the Literary Post", Institute for the Study of Jewish History, Philosophy and Literature, Glavlit, Writers' Union of the USSR.
